CN115059870B - Three-dimensional integrally woven hydrogen storage bottle and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Three-dimensional integrally woven hydrogen storage bottle and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115059870B CN115059870B CN202210735549.XA CN202210735549A CN115059870B CN 115059870 B CN115059870 B CN 115059870B CN 202210735549 A CN202210735549 A CN 202210735549A CN 115059870 B CN115059870 B CN 115059870B
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- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000009954 braiding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001721 transfer moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000519995 Stachys sylvatica Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000013007 heat curing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001256 stainless steel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
- F17C1/16—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge constructed of plastics materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0123—Shape cylindrical with variable thickness or diameter
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional integrally-woven hydrogen storage bottle and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of hydrogen storage bottles. The technical proposal is as follows: the non-metal inner container comprises a non-metal inner container, a gas inlet and a gas outlet are formed in the bottle mouth of the non-metal inner container, a composite material layer is coated on the outer surface of the non-metal inner container, the composite material layer is formed by dipping three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabrics and resin, and the three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabrics are three-dimensional structures formed by simultaneously weaving X, Y, Z yarns. Compared with the two-dimensional braiding and the mode of sewing the two-dimensional braiding through the Z-direction yarns, the braiding layer of the hydrogen storage bottle adopts X, Y, Z-direction integrated three-dimensional braiding technology, can remarkably improve the mechanical properties of a final product, can replace the traditional steel hydrogen storage bottle and the full-fiber wound metal hydrogen storage bottle, and realizes the rapid development of hydrogen storage technology in the field of fuel cells.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage bottles, in particular to a three-dimensional integrally woven hydrogen storage bottle and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The long-term planning (2021-2035) in the development of the hydrogen energy industry proposes hydrogen energy as an important component of the national energy system and emphasizes the demonstration application of the orderly propulsion traffic field. The hydrogen storage bottle is used as a key tool for the hydrogen storage stage in the hydrogen energy demonstration application process, and high requirements are put on the safety, reliability, economy and durability of the hydrogen storage bottle.
The gas cylinders are generally classified into four types according to the safe manufacturing materials and processes. The first type bottle (I type) is a metal gas bottle; the second type bottle (II type) is a gas bottle with a metal liner and fiber wound in a circumferential direction; the three-shaped bottle (III type) is a metal liner fiber fully-wound gas bottle; the four-type bottle (IV type) is a non-metallic fiber fully-wound gas bottle. The metal gas cylinder is made of metal materials (such as steel) with good performance, and is limited by pressure resistance, the storage pressure of the early steel cylinder is 12-15 MPa, and the mass density of hydrogen is lower than 1.6%. By increasing the thickness of the tank, the hydrogen storage pressure can be increased to a certain extent, but the volume of the tank is reduced, the maximum volume at 70MPa is only 300L, and the hydrogen quality is low. With the development of hydrogen energy and the increase of the requirement of high-pressure hydrogen storage technology on the bearing capacity of a container, the metal lining fiber winding storage tank is gradually applied. The metal lining is made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy and is used for sealing hydrogen, and the fiber reinforced layer is used as a pressure bearing layer, so that the hydrogen storage pressure can reach 40MPa. The thickness of the metal lining is thinner because of no pressure bearing, and the quality of the storage tank is greatly reduced. Because the metal is formed by spinning and closing up high-strength seamless steel pipes, the sensitivity to hydrogen embrittlement (hydrogen embrittlement is hydrogen dissolved in steel and polymerized into hydrogen molecules, so that stress concentration is caused, the strength limit of the steel is exceeded, and tiny cracks, also called white spots, are formed in the steel) is increased along with the increase of the strength of the material.
In addition, the thickness of the fiber layer of the straight cylinder section and the fiber layer of the variable diameter section of the fiber fully-wound gas cylinder are not consistent, and particularly, the thickness of the fiber layer is very large at the position close to the bottle mouth, so that the resin impregnation degree of the fiber prefabricated member is very difficult to be uniform when the resin is impregnated, and a large stress defect concentration point can appear at the position where the resin is not impregnated, thereby reducing the service life of the hydrogen storage bottle and greatly affecting the safety.
At present, a 35MPa three-type high-pressure hydrogen storage bottle is mainly used in a main application in China, and is mainly used after a metal liner is adopted, and fibers are used for winding and resin impregnating on the outer surface of the metal liner. Such three-type bottles have mainly the following drawbacks:
the metal liner is heavier, and the endurance mileage of the fuel cell can be reduced in the whole vehicle service process; meanwhile, the requirements on the material of the metal liner are relatively high, and the problem of hydrogen embrittlement cannot occur when the metal liner is used in a long-term high-pressure environment. The thickness of the fiber layer is not uniform, the impregnation degree of the resin is not high at the position where the fiber layer is thicker, and the fiber layer which is not impregnated with the resin is easy to be layered at the position, so that the hydrogen storage bottle product is invalid. When viewed from the thickness section, the fibers are formed by winding alternately longitudinally or circumferentially, and are arranged in a two-dimensional lamination along the thickness direction, and the arrangement becomes a stress concentration weak point in a high pressure-resistant environment.
With the rapid development of related technologies in the field of hydrogen energy, there is an urgent need to develop a tetra-type bottle having lighter weight, higher strength and higher modulus.
The IV-type hydrogen storage bottle for the vehicle has obvious unique advantages by virtue of excellent hydrogen embrittlement corrosion resistance, lighter weight, lower cost, higher quality hydrogen storage density and longer cycle life, and meets the development requirements of the future hydrogen energy industry. The advantages of type IV versus type III bottles are mainly reflected in the following: firstly, in terms of technology, the non-metal liner is adopted, so that the hydrogen embrittlement corrosion resistance is excellent, and the safety advantage is better than that of a III-type bottle with the metal liner; under the condition of the same external diameter, volume and pressure (70 MPa), the hydrogen storage density of the IV type hydrogen storage bottle can reach 5.5 percent, which is higher than 3.9 percent of that of the III type bottle and is lighter than the III type bottle by 22.5 percent; and secondly, from the economical aspect, the manufacturing cost of the IV-type hydrogen storage bottle is only 63.5% of that of the III-type bottle, and the liner is made of plastic, so that the liner is not easy to fatigue and lose efficacy, has long service life and further reduces the consumption cost. Therefore, the conversion from the III type bottle to the IV type bottle meets the development requirement of the hydrogen energy industry in the future, and the IV type bottle also becomes the first energy storage equipment of the hydrogen fuel cell passenger car.
The IV type bottle liner is made of a high polymer material and is required to have the characteristics that 1, the IV type bottle liner has certain rigidity and can be used as a die for winding fibers; 2. the impact toughness is good, and creep rupture does not occur in the service life period; 3. has the characteristics of excellent air tightness, corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, high strength, high toughness and the like. Because the mass of the fully composite light fiber wound storage tank is lower, about 50% of the same reserve steel cylinder, the full composite light fiber wound storage tank has high competitiveness in a vehicle-mounted hydrogen storage system. However, the IV type bottle in China has the defect of weaker mechanical property.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: overcomes the defects of the prior art and provides a three-dimensional integrally woven hydrogen storage bottle and a manufacturing method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The three-dimensional integrally-woven hydrogen storage bottle comprises a nonmetallic liner, a gas inlet and a gas outlet are arranged at the bottle mouth of the nonmetallic liner, a composite material layer is coated on the outer surface of the nonmetallic liner, and the composite material layer is formed by dipping three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabrics and resin, and is characterized in that the three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabrics are three-dimensional structures formed by simultaneously weaving X, Y, Z yarns.
Preferably, the nonmetallic liner is made of polyamide and ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
Preferably, the yarns are carbon fibers.
Preferably, the three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabric is manufactured by adopting a three-dimensional four-way, three-dimensional five-way, three-dimensional six-way or three-dimensional seven-way weaving process.
Preferably, the thickness of the three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabric is 25-80mm.
Preferably, the weight of the three-dimensional woven solid fabric is 50-85% of the total weight of the three-dimensional woven solid fabric and the impregnated resin.
On the other hand, the invention provides a manufacturing method of the three-dimensional integrally-woven hydrogen storage bottle, wherein a 3D braiding machine is adopted to weave three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabrics on the outer surface of a non-metal liner, and when the three-dimensional integrally-woven three-dimensional fabrics are woven, the braiding angle is gradually increased and the yarn tension is gradually reduced at the variable diameter section from the shoulder part to the bottle mouth of the hydrogen storage bottle; stopping knitting when the yarn is knitted to the bottleneck of the hydrogen storage bottle, and continuously knitting on the gas inlet and outlet after embedding the gas inlet and outlet on the bottleneck; after the braiding is finished, the three-dimensional braided three-dimensional fabric is subjected to resin vacuum transfer molding by adopting resin, and finally the three-dimensional integrally braided hydrogen storage bottle is obtained through thermosetting molding and post-treatment.
Preferably, the heat curing molding adopts a gradient heating process, namely, the temperature is kept for 1-2 hours at 70-90 ℃, and then the temperature is increased to 120-140 ℃ and kept for 2 hours.
Preferably, the temperature of the post-treatment is 100-120 ℃ and the time is 5 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the liner of the hydrogen storage bottle adopts nonmetallic high polymer materials, thereby not only realizing the light weight requirement of the hydrogen storage bottle in the service process, but also effectively avoiding the hydrogen embrittlement problem of the metal liner in the use process. Compared with the two-dimensional braiding and the mode of sewing the two-dimensional braiding through the Z-direction yarns, the braiding layer of the hydrogen storage bottle adopts X, Y, Z-direction integrated three-dimensional braiding technology, can remarkably improve the mechanical properties of a final product, can replace the traditional steel hydrogen storage bottle and the full-fiber wound metal hydrogen storage bottle, and realizes the rapid development of hydrogen storage technology in the field of fuel cells.
2. In the invention, during braiding, the effect that the thicknesses of the liner straight section and the variable-diameter section braided fabric are uniform is realized by controlling the braiding angle of the variable-diameter section and the change of yarn tension, and the problem that the impregnation degree of the fiber prefabricated member is difficult to be uniform when the braided fabric near the bottleneck is excessively thick is greatly improved. At the position where the resin is not impregnated, a plurality of stress defect concentration points can appear, the service life of the hydrogen storage bottle is reduced, and the safety is greatly affected.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a hydrogen storage bottle of the present invention.
In the figure, a 1-straight section, a 2-reducing section, a 3-gas inlet and outlet and a 4-three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabric are formed.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Selecting 3K carbon fiber on a PA (polyamide) liner, carrying out three-dimensional braiding treatment by adopting a French Sipule 640-spindle three-dimensional braiding machine, and arranging 5 carrier layers on a large disc track of the braiding machine, wherein each carrier layer consists of 64 spindles and is circumferentially arranged; the external yarn carrier outside the large disc track is provided with 5 carrier layers, and each carrier layer consists of 64 spindles and is circumferentially arranged; the yarn proceeds according to a three-dimensional four-way process path during knitting. Wherein, the maximum section external diameter of the straight section of the liner is 420mm, the thickness range of the liner is 15-20mm (the thickness of the liner gradually increases from the middle straight section of the liner to the bottle mouth), the external diameter of the bottle mouth is 72mm, and the internal diameter is 31mm.
The shoulder of the nonmetallic liner to the reducing section of the bottleneck realize the effect that the thickness of the braided fabric on the liner is more uniform through changing the braiding angle on line in real time, the braiding angle of the reducing section gradually increases from 15 degrees to 35 degrees from the shoulder to the bottleneck, and the braiding angle of the straight section of the liner is braided at 65 degrees. And finally controlling the thickness of the three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabric on the liner to be about 35mm, wherein the thickness difference between the variable diameter section and the straight section is within +/-5 mm. The tension of the yarn is constant in the straight section during the knitting process, and the diameter-changing section gradually becomes smaller from 20N to 5N from the shoulder to the bottle mouth. The tension is controlled to be gradually reduced in the reducing section, so that yarn breakage caused by overlarge tension in the process of weaving the yarns in the reducing section is prevented, the woven fabric is loose due to sudden tension drop, and wrinkles are generated in the subsequent thermosetting stage of impregnating resin, so that the product quality is affected.
When the yarn is woven at the bottleneck of the hydrogen storage bottle, the weaving is suspended, then the gas inlet and outlet of the hydrogen storage bottle are arranged on the bottleneck, the length of the whole hydrogen storage bottle is 1500mm, and the yarn is woven on the gas inlet and outlet for fixing and sealing, so that the structure of the hydrogen storage bottle is shown in figure 1.
After the braiding is completed, the inner container coated with the three-dimensional braided three-dimensional fabric is subjected to resin vacuum transfer molding by adopting epoxy resin. After molding, the epoxy resin accounts for 50% of the total weight of the epoxy resin and the three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabric, and the vacuum degree in the whole vacuum introducing process is controlled to be 1.0MPa.
The heat curing process adopts a gradient heating process, firstly, the temperature is kept for 1h at 80 ℃, then the temperature is increased to 120 ℃ for 2h, the temperature of the post-treatment process is 110 ℃, and the time is 5h.
According to the three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabric, Z-direction high-strength carbon fibers are introduced on the basis of X, Y-direction yarns, yarns are woven at the same time in the X, Y, Z direction, and the finally obtained woven fabric is of an integral structure, and a hydrogen storage bottle with the woven fabric structure can meet the pressure-resistant grade requirement of 5-75 MPa of a vehicle-mounted gas cylinder.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that: the inner container is made of aluminum alloy. The metal liner is different from the macromolecule liner, hydrogen dissolved in the metal liner is not discharged in time in the production process of the metal material, particularly in the metal solidification process, is gathered at the metal defect, is combined into component hydrogen to generate internal stress, and when the external stress is applied, the metal can generate micro cracks and white spots, and belongs to low-stress brittle fracture failure.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: the braiding angle is not changed in the whole braiding process, the braiding angles of the straight barrel section and the variable diameter section of the liner are 65 degrees, the thickness of the obtained three-dimensional braiding three-dimensional fabric straight barrel section is 35mm, and the thickness of the variable diameter section is 50-100mm. Since the knitting angle is not changed, the thickness of the knitted fabric is different, and the thickness is gradually increased along with the decrease of the diameter of the knitted fabric.
From this, it is known that, in the knitting process, if the knitting angle of the variable diameter section is kept unchanged, stacking of a large number of fibers in the variable diameter section occurs, resulting in uneven thickness of the knitted fabric; in the process of dipping and solidifying the braided fabric, after the braided fabric is subjected to negative pressure, the braided fabric is wrinkled along with the dipping of resin, so that the braided fabric preform is scrapped.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: the braid outside the nonmetallic liner adopts a full winding process, and equipment adopts a carbon fiber hydrogen storage bottle winding machine to carry out winding forming. After winding is completed, the thickness of the winding layer is gradually increased from the shoulder of the hydrogen storage bottle to the reducing section of the bottle mouth, and the thickness difference between the straight cylinder section and the reducing section is +/-10 mm.
The properties of the hydrogen storage bottles of example 1 and comparative examples 1-3 are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1
In combination with the data in table 1, it can be seen from example 1 and comparative example 1 that the use of the polymeric liner as the liner of the hydrogen storage bottle can further improve the quality hydrogen storage density of the gas bottle, mainly because the polymeric liner is used as the liner, the light weight effect is further improved compared with the metal liner. As is clear from example 1 and comparative example 3, since example 1 uses a X, Y, Z-to-simultaneously woven three-dimensional weaving process, particularly, a zero degree (Z-direction) yarn having an axial penetration is used for reinforcement, compared with a fully wound gas cylinder, the number of fatigue times and burst pressure of repeated inflation and deflation of the hydrogen storage cylinder are also significantly improved. In addition, the zero-degree yarn of the braided fabric penetrates through the inside of the braided fabric along the axial direction, so that the mechanical property of the braided fabric is also obviously improved.
Although the present invention has been described in detail by way of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto. Various equivalent modifications and substitutions may be made in the embodiments of the present invention by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and it is intended that all such modifications and substitutions be within the scope of the present invention/be within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The three-dimensional integrally-woven hydrogen storage bottle comprises a nonmetallic liner, a gas inlet and a gas outlet are arranged at the bottle mouth of the nonmetallic liner, a composite material layer is coated on the outer surface of the nonmetallic liner, and the composite material layer is formed by dipping three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabrics and resin, and is characterized in that the three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabrics are three-dimensional structures formed by simultaneously weaving X, Y, Z yarns;
The manufacturing method of the three-dimensional integrally woven hydrogen storage bottle comprises the following steps:
A three-dimensional braiding machine for braiding three-dimensional braiding fabrics on the outer surface of a nonmetallic liner by adopting a French Sile 640-spindle three-dimensional braiding machine, wherein during braiding, the braiding angle gradually becomes larger and the yarn tension gradually becomes smaller from the shoulder part of a hydrogen storage bottle to the reducing section of the bottle mouth; stopping knitting when the yarn is knitted to the bottleneck of the hydrogen storage bottle, and continuously knitting on the gas inlet and outlet after embedding the gas inlet and outlet on the bottleneck; after the braiding is finished, the three-dimensional braided three-dimensional fabric is subjected to resin vacuum transfer molding by adopting resin, and finally the three-dimensional integrally braided hydrogen storage bottle is obtained through thermosetting molding and post-treatment.
2. The three-dimensional integrally knit hydrogen storage bottle of claim 1, wherein said nonmetallic liner is made of polyamide, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
3. The three-dimensional integrally knit hydrogen storage bottle of claim 1, wherein said yarn is carbon fiber.
4. The three-dimensional integrally-woven hydrogen storage bottle of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional woven three-dimensional fabric is manufactured by adopting a three-dimensional four-way, three-dimensional five-way, three-dimensional six-way or three-dimensional seven-way weaving process.
5. The three-dimensional integrally knit hydrogen storage bottle of claim 1, wherein said three-dimensional knit fabric has a thickness of 25-80mm.
6. The three-dimensional integrally knit hydrogen storage bottle of claim 1, wherein the weight of the three-dimensional knit fabric is 50-85% of the total weight of the three-dimensional knit fabric and the impregnated resin.
7. The three-dimensional integrally woven hydrogen storage bottle of claim 1, wherein the thermosetting molding adopts a gradient heating process, namely, heat preservation is carried out for 1-2h at 70-90 ℃, and then the temperature is increased to 120-140 ℃ for 2h.
8. The three-dimensional integrally woven hydrogen storage bottle of claim 1, wherein the post-treatment temperature is 100-120 ℃ for 5 hours.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6444071B1 (en) * | 2000-09-05 | 2002-09-03 | Shade, Inc. | Method of fabricating a removable mandrel for filament winding containers |
| CN106696315A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-24 | 山东大学 | Intelligent-monitored three-dimensional composite material pressure resistant gas cylinder and preparation method thereof |
| CN206749089U (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-12-15 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Composite layer and pressure vessel |
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| CN112166282A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2021-01-01 | 全耐塑料高级创新研究公司 | Composite pressure vessel with reinforced liner and method of making the same |
| CN112743878A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-05-04 | 北京新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 | Fiber composite material high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder and preparation method thereof |
| CN113478791A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-10-08 | 合肥工业大学 | Preparation method of woven gas cylinder and woven gas cylinder |
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2022
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| CN106696315A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2017-05-24 | 山东大学 | Intelligent-monitored three-dimensional composite material pressure resistant gas cylinder and preparation method thereof |
| CN206749089U (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-12-15 | 齐鲁工业大学 | Composite layer and pressure vessel |
| CN107642678A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-30 | 山东中恒景新碳纤维科技发展有限公司 | A kind of 3 D weaving pressure cylinder and preparation method thereof |
| CN112166282A (en) * | 2018-06-26 | 2021-01-01 | 全耐塑料高级创新研究公司 | Composite pressure vessel with reinforced liner and method of making the same |
| CN112743878A (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2021-05-04 | 北京新能源汽车技术创新中心有限公司 | Fiber composite material high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder and preparation method thereof |
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