CN115059019A - Water and soil conservation method based on ecological reservoir - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a water and soil conservation method based on an ecological reservoir, which comprises the following steps: s1, building a riverside retaining wall; s2, laying planting bags: laying planting bags on the side of the river-facing retaining wall facing the river to form a planting layer; s3, laying waterproof materials: laying waterproof geotextile on the upper layers of the planting bags, wherein the waterproof geotextile covers the planting bags; s4, laying a cable: laying a plurality of cables distributed along the extending direction of the river-facing retaining wall on the surface layer of the waterproof geotextile, wherein one end of each cable is fixedly connected to the waterproof anchor rod, the other end of each cable is fixedly connected to the river-facing retaining wall, and each cable is connected to the fixing mechanism; s5, laying a drainage channel: the planting layer is divided into a plurality of areas distributed along the length direction of the river channel, a drainage channel for blocking sand is poured between every two adjacent areas, and the drainage channel is communicated with one side of the riverside retaining wall, which deviates from the river channel. This application can be under the prerequisite that reduces to the reservoir pollution, and soil and water conservation is done to the reservoir comparatively convenient.

Description

Water and soil conservation method based on ecological reservoir

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of water and soil conservation technology, in particular to a water and soil conservation method based on an ecological reservoir.

Background

Because of the influence of natural factors and artificial development activities, certain water and soil loss is often caused. At present, in order to reduce and prevent water and soil loss, human intervention is often performed in a water and soil loss region. The common regions with water and soil loss are usually found in reservoirs, mountainous areas around river channels, mountains on both sides of roads, and the like.

The existing commonly used water and soil conservation methods comprise engineering measures, biological measures and water storage and soil conservation measures. In order to optimize the effect of water and soil conservation, plants are usually planted and cultivated to preserve soil in the reservoir construction aiming at mountains around the reservoir, and then the ecological reservoir is formed by assisting a sand-blocking dam to reduce water and soil loss caused by rainwater when rainfall falls.

However, in the actual construction process, because of the water level of the reservoir rising or falling, a relatively large number of exposed hillsides with large area can be generated; when the planted plants are used for water and soil conservation, the plants do not grow completely, and when rainwater is relatively large, the water and soil conservation effect is relatively poor; and the construction is comparatively inconvenient in the reservoir position of nearing the river, leads to retaining wall etc. not convenient to be under construction, and causes the pollution to the reservoir easily, therefore the reservoir position of nearing the river often causes soil erosion and water loss easily.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to reduce under the prerequisite of reservoir pollution, relatively comparatively convenient carry out soil and water conservation to the reservoir position of nearing the river, this application provides a soil and water conservation method based on ecological reservoir.

The application provides a soil and water conservation method based on ecological reservoir, adopts following technical scheme:

a water and soil conservation method based on an ecological reservoir comprises the following steps: s1, building a riverside retaining wall: a planting area is defined at the position near the river of the reservoir, concrete is poured at the high position of the planting area to form a river-facing retaining wall, and the river-facing retaining wall is arranged in an extending mode along the length direction of the river channel; s2, laying planting bags: planting bags are laid on one side of the river-facing retaining wall facing the river to form a planting layer, the planting bags are mutually overlapped, and the planting bags are connected to a mountain body through a fixing mechanism; s3, paving a waterproof material: laying waterproof geotextile on the upper layers of the planting bags, covering the waterproof geotextile on the planting bags, fixedly connecting the upper edges of the waterproof geotextile to the river-facing retaining wall, and connecting the lower edges of the waterproof geotextile to the mountain body through a plurality of waterproof anchor rods; s4, laying a cable: laying a plurality of cables distributed along the extending direction of the river-facing retaining wall on the surface layer of the waterproof geotextile, wherein one end of each cable is fixedly connected to the waterproof anchor rod, the other end of each cable is fixedly connected to the river-facing retaining wall, and each cable is connected to the fixing mechanism; s5, paving a drainage channel: divide into a plurality of areas that distribute along river course length direction with planting the layer, pour the drainage channel who is used for blocking the sand between two adjacent areas, drainage channel communicates in the one side that deviates from the river course of the barricade that faces the river, connects in drainage channel with the side edge of waterproof geotechnological cloth at last.

By adopting the technical scheme, during construction, the river-facing retaining wall is constructed at a position relatively far away from a reservoir at a larger distance, then the planting bags are laid below the river-facing retaining wall and are fixed through the cables and the fixing mechanisms, compared with the modes of constructing anchor spraying, laying a plurality of retaining walls in the river and the like, a large amount of concrete buildings do not need to be constructed on site, and the convenience of construction can be effectively optimized; in practical use, the riverside retaining wall can block rainwater above a bank of the reservoir, and the rainwater is discharged into the reservoir after being blocked by the sand of the drainage channel, compared with the situation that the rainwater directly flows through the bank of the reservoir and is discharged into the reservoir, the rainwater can effectively reduce pollution to the reservoir, and meanwhile, the rainwater can effectively reduce scouring of a planting area, so that plants in the planting bag can relatively fully grow, and further water and soil conservation can be carried out on the bank of the reservoir after the plants in the planting bag grow; in addition, before planting bag plant does not grow completely, waterproof geotechnological cloth can be to planting the bag and do the protection and handle to do fixedly to waterproof geotechnological cloth and planting the bag through cable and fixed establishment, can further reduce the influence of rainwater to planting the mountain of bag corresponding region, reduce the rainwater content of planting the interior mountain of district, thereby reduce and take place the landslide, lead to the possibility of soil erosion and water loss, thereby when reaching the construction of being convenient for, soil and water conservation is done to the river levee of reservoir both sides comparatively abundant relatively.

Further, in step S1, before the retaining wall of just having a river was pour, at the retaining wall position of just having a river precast a plurality of steel-pipe piles of inserting and establishing in the mountain body earlier, the lower extreme fixed connection who faces the retaining wall of a river is in a plurality of steel-pipe piles, then is facing the top of the retaining wall of a river and predetermines a plurality of anchor pipes of inserting and locating the mountain body, the anchor pipe passes through the anchor rope and connects in facing the retaining wall of a river.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the steel-pipe pile is used for doing the construction basis of facing the retaining wall in river, when can increase the stability that faces the retaining wall in river, can also do reinforcement treatment to the massif that faces the retaining wall corresponding position in river through the steel-pipe pile to when reducing the rainwater relatively great, the resistance that sand and soil flows, in addition, the anchor pipe can also further be done reinforcement treatment to facing the retaining wall in river, reduce because of the too big possibility that leads to facing the retaining wall and take place the upset of pressure, with the stability that optimizes soil and water conservation

Further, the lower part slope of the barricade that faces the river pours the shaping up has the catch basin, the catch basin with face the shaping between the barricade of the river and have the catch basin, just the shaping is pour at the opening border of catch basin has the porous disk, the part that the porous disk stretches out the porous disk adopts pervious concrete to pour the shaping equally, it is provided with the infiltration mechanism that is used for the water infiltration of catch basin to planting the bag to face the barricade of the river, the part of porous disk upside communicates in drainage channel.

By adopting the technical scheme, the water storage tank between the water storage plate and the riverside retaining wall can enable rainwater to flow into the water storage tank through the water permeable plate when raining, and in the process, the water permeable plate can be used for filtering treatment, so that the utilization rate of the rainwater can be increased when the rainwater is relatively small; when the rainwater is great relatively, can also pass through the infiltration of porous disk for the rainwater is saved in the catch basin, then waters through infiltration mechanism to planting the bag behind the rain.

Further, infiltration mechanism includes a plurality of infiltration pipes and is used for controlling the infiltration control piece that the intraductal rivers of infiltration flowed, the one end of infiltration pipe communicates in the catch basin through the connecting pipe of wearing to locate the barricade that is close to the river, the portion that the infiltration pipe is located the catch basin outside is worn to locate the planting bag, just the infiltration pipe is the blind pipe, the infiltration control piece sets up in the catch basin.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when raining, through the flow of the interior rainwater of infiltration control catch basin for the rainwater can be saved in the catch basin, and when comparatively dry behind the rain, irrigate in a plurality of planting bags through the rainwater pipe with the rainwater in the catch basin, with the utilization ratio of further optimizing the rainwater, reach the effect that soil and water kept.

Further, the infiltration control piece is including being used for inserting the control pin of establishing the connecting pipe, overcoat in control pipe, control spring and the control block of control pin, control spring's both ends are connected respectively in control pin and control pipe, control spring is used for control pin to break away from the connecting pipe, the control pipe is for permeating water pipe and control pipe insert locate the water storage plate stretch out the part of permeable disk, the control block is located the control pipe and butt in the control pin, the control block is made for adopting the expanded material that absorbs water, the control pipe has the sealed tube towards the tip overcoat of retaining wall near the river.

By adopting the technical scheme, when rainwater is relatively large, the rainwater can penetrate into the water storage tank through the top of the water storage plate and the water permeable plate, the control block can absorb water and expand in the process, the control pin is pushed to extend out and be inserted into the connecting pipe under the limitation of the control pipe, so that when the rainwater is relatively large, the connecting pipe can be plugged, the water storage function is realized, in the expansion process of the control block, part of rainwater can flow into the water permeable pipe before the control pin is inserted into the connecting pipe, the irrigation of the planting bag is preliminarily completed, and the irrigation of the rainwater is completed while the planting bag can be watered in time; when the planting bag is relatively dry, the position of the control pipe corresponding to the control block is relatively dry at the moment due to the fact that the position of the control pipe is above the water storage groove at the upper part of the water storage plate, the control block is contracted at the moment, the control pin is separated from the connecting pipe under the action of the control spring, and rainwater in the water storage groove can irrigate the planting bag through the water seepage pipe; and when the rainwater is less relatively, the inflation degree of control block is less relatively, can make the clearance between connecting pipe and the control round pin less relatively this moment to can do the irrigation to planting the bag comparatively slowly, thereby under the prerequisite that does not need extra electrical equipment, do irrigation to planting the bag in real time.

Furthermore, the river-facing retaining wall is provided with a water outlet communicated with the upper side of the water permeable plate, the upper end of the water drainage channel is clamped and fixedly connected with the inner wall of the water outlet, a filter screen for filtering is arranged in the water outlet, the water outlet is provided with a plurality of sand blocking grooves distributed along the length direction of the water outlet, the plurality of sand blocking grooves are divided into two groups and distributed along the width direction of the water outlet, the two groups of sand blocking grooves are oppositely opened and are arranged in a staggered way, the side wall of the sand blocking groove comprises a guide surface, a sand blocking surface and a backflow surface which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom, the upper end of the guide surface and the reflux surface extend into the inner side of the opposite sand blocking groove, the sand blocking surface is arc-shaped and is obliquely and downwards sunken, the inner wall corresponding to the upper end edge of the backflow surface is fixedly connected with a sand blocking net, and the sand blocking net is fixedly connected to the guide surface of the sand blocking groove opposite to the backflow surface.

By adopting the technical scheme, when rainwater flows into the sand blocking stage, the rainwater can be filtered by the filter screen to reduce the soil content of the rainwater flowing into the sand blocking groove, and in the process of flowing through the sand blocking groove, the rainwater can sequentially flow through the guide surface, the sand blocking surface and the backflow surface, so that the rainwater can rotate in the sand blocking groove and then flow into the next opposite sand blocking groove, part of sandy soil contained in the rainwater can be stopped in the sand blocking surface under the interception of the centrifugal force and the backflow surface, and meanwhile, the sand blocking net can further filter the sandy soil in the rainwater, so that the sandy soil is kept; meanwhile, the plurality of sand blocking grooves can realize multi-stage interception and filtration of sand in rainwater so as to effectively reduce the sand content of rainwater discharged into the reservoir, thereby optimizing the retaining effect; in addition, the rainwater can generate certain scouring effect on the sand blocking net by rotating in the sand blocking groove, and the possibility that the sand blocking net is blocked by sandy soil can be effectively reduced, so that the intercepting effect on the sandy soil can be effectively optimized.

Further, waterproof geotechnique's cloth's side is along connecting in drainage channel's lateral wall, just drainage channel is provided with drainage piece, drainage piece includes drain pipe and drainage silver, the drain pipe is the blind pipe, just the drain pipe is worn to locate by the drainage silver, the both ends of drain pipe stretch into respectively to two adjacent drainage channel block the sand inslot, just the planting bag is worn to locate by the drain pipe.

By adopting the technical scheme, in the process that rainwater flows through the sand blocking groove, part of rainwater can be discharged through the drain pipe, and the rainwater can relatively gently flow into the planting bag through the filtering and capillary phenomena of the drainage cotton sliver in the process, so that the planting bag is irrigated relatively timely, and the scouring of the planting bag is reduced.

Furthermore, the sand blocking groove is internally provided with a blocking net in a clamping manner, and the blocking net is attached to the bottom wall, the backflow surface and the sand blocking surface of the lower part of the sand blocking groove.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the sandy soil who holds back in blocking the sand groove can stop in holding back the net, during follow-up enclosure, only need will hold back the net and take out to empty sandy soil in planting the district can

Further, in step S2, before laying the planting bag, install fixed establishment earlier, fixed establishment includes fixed net and a plurality of fixed anchor pipe, fixed net' S upper and lower border is fixed connection respectively in facing river barricade and waterproof stock, fixed anchor pipe is predetermine in the mountain body, the fixed net is connected in fixed anchor pipe, just the planting bag is hung and is located the fixed net, cable and waterproof geotechnological cloth all connect in fixed anchor pipe.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the fixed net passes through fixed anchor pipe fixed connection in the massif to at this in-process, with waterproof geotechnological cloth, plant bag and cable fixed connection, in order to increase the wholeness of planting bag, cable and waterproof geotechnological cloth.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

during construction, the river-facing retaining wall is constructed at a position relatively far away from the reservoir, then the planting bags are laid below the river-facing retaining wall and are fixed through the cables and the fixing mechanisms, compared with the modes of constructing anchor spraying, laying a plurality of retaining walls in the river, and the like, a large number of concrete buildings do not need to be constructed on site, and the convenience of construction can be effectively optimized; in practical use, the riverside retaining wall can block rainwater above a bank of a reservoir, and the rainwater is drained into the reservoir after being blocked by the sand blocking grooves of the drainage channels, compared with the situation that the rainwater directly flows through the bank of the reservoir and is drained into the reservoir, the pollution to the reservoir can be effectively reduced, and meanwhile, the drainage piece can irrigate part of the rainwater in the sand blocking grooves to the planting bags, so that the planting area caused by the rainwater can be effectively reduced, plants in the planting bags can grow relatively fully, and further water and soil conservation can be performed on the bank of the reservoir after the plants in the planting bags grow; in addition, before planting bag plant does not grow completely, waterproof geotechnological cloth can be to planting the bag and do the protection and handle to do fixedly to waterproof geotechnological cloth and planting the bag through cable and fixed establishment, can further reduce the influence of rainwater to planting the mountain of bag corresponding region, reduce the rainwater content of planting the interior mountain of district, thereby reduce and take place the landslide, lead to the possibility of soil erosion and water loss, thereby when reaching the construction of being convenient for, soil and water conservation is done to the river levee of reservoir both sides comparatively abundant relatively.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a soil and water conservation method according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a top view of a portion of an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic sectional view of line a-a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic structural view of a portion B in fig. 3.

FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a water seepage control member in an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a drain passage in the embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is an enlarged structural view of a portion C in fig. 6.

Description of reference numerals: 1. a river-facing retaining wall; 11. steel pipe piles; 12. an anchor pipe; 121. an anchor cable; 13. a water storage plate; 14. a water storage tank; 141. a water permeable plate; 142. an intercepting plate; 15. a water outlet; 151. a filter screen; 2. planting bags; 21. waterproof geotextile; 211. a cable; 212. a sand bag; 22. a waterproof anchor rod; 3. a fixing mechanism; 31. fixing the net; 32. fixing the anchor pipe; 4. a drainage channel; 41. a sand blocking groove; 411. a guide surface; 412. blocking the sand surface; 413. a reflux surface; 42. a sand blocking net; 43. a drainage member; 431. a drain pipe; 432. draining cotton slivers; 44. a retention net; 5. a water seepage mechanism; 51. a water seepage pipe; 511. a connecting pipe; 52. a water seepage control member; 521. a control pin; 522. a control tube; 523. a control spring; 524. a control block; 525. controlling the protective tube; 526. and (5) sealing the tube.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-7.

The embodiment of the application discloses a water and soil conservation method based on an ecological reservoir. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the water and soil conservation method based on the ecological reservoir includes the following steps:

s1, constructing a riverside retaining wall: a planting area is defined at the position of a reservoir near the river, a plurality of steel pipe piles 11 (see figure 3) inserted in a mountain are pre-cast in the high-position edge area of the planting area, and the plurality of steel pipe piles 11 are distributed along the length direction of the river channel to be used as a foundation; then, a plurality of anchor pipes 12 are preset at the position, above the steel pipe pile 11, of the reservoir river bank, and the anchor pipes 12 are grouting anchor pipes.

Specifically, after the anchor pipe 12 is inserted into the mountain, the permeable mortar is poured into the mountain through the anchor pipe 12, so that the influence on water permeating into the ground is reduced while the soil is solidified. And finally, taking a plurality of steel pipe piles 11 as a foundation, pouring concrete to form a riverside retaining wall 1, wherein the riverside retaining wall 1 extends along the length direction of the river, and after the riverside retaining wall 1 is cured, one end of the anchor pipe 12 extending out of the mountain is connected to the riverside retaining wall 1 through the anchor cable 121 so as to reinforce the riverside retaining wall 1 and intercept rainwater on two sides of the reservoir through the riverside retaining wall 1.

S2, laying planting bags: referring to fig. 2 and 3, before the planting bags 2 are laid, the planting area below the river-facing retaining wall 1 is divided into a plurality of small module areas distributed along the length direction of the river, then a fixing mechanism 3 is arranged in each small module area, then the planting bags 2 are laid in sequence at positions below the river-facing retaining wall 1, and the planting bags 2 are fixed on a mountain body through the fixing mechanisms 3; and the fixing mechanism 3 is connected to the river-facing retaining wall 1. The planting bag 2 is a bag filled with planting soil and plant seeds.

S3, paving a waterproof material: after the planting bags 2 are laid, waterproof geotextile 21 is laid above the planting bags 2 in different small module areas. The upper edge of the waterproof geotextile 21 is hung on the river-facing retaining wall 1 through an anchor rod preset on the river-facing retaining wall 1; the lower edge of the waterside retaining wall 1 is connected to the mountain body through a plurality of waterproof anchor rods 22, and the waterproof anchor rods 22 are anchored in the mountain body at the edge of the reservoir. Wherein, the lower edge of the waterproof geotextile 21 is wound to form a pressing part, and the pressing part is filled with a sand bag 212.

S4, laying a cable: a plurality of cables 211 are laid on the surface layer of the waterproof geotextile 21, the plurality of cables 211 are distributed along the extending direction of the river-facing retaining wall 1, one end of the cable 211 is connected to the river-facing retaining wall 1 through an anchor rod preset in the river-facing retaining wall 1, the other end of the cable 211 is connected to the waterproof anchor rod 22, and the cable 211 is fixedly connected to the waterproof geotextile 21 and the fixing mechanism 3 through a binding belt, hot melt or bolt.

S5, paving a drainage channel: and a drainage channel 4 is laid between two adjacent small module areas, and the drainage channel 4 is a prefabricated part or is cast in situ on the river levees at two sides of the reservoir by adopting a template. The upper end of the drainage channel 4 is communicated with the upper side of the river retaining wall 1, the lower side of the drainage channel 4 is arranged towards the inner side of the reservoir, and the drainage channel 4 is used for discharging part of rainwater intercepted above the river retaining wall 1 and sand and soil intercepted in the rainwater.

When the drainage channel 4 is poured, a plurality of anchor rods are arranged on the side portion of the drainage channel 4 in advance, and the side edge of the waterproof geotextile 21 is connected to the side portion of the drainage channel 4 along the anchor rods arranged on the side portion of the drainage channel 4 in advance.

When the riverside retaining wall 1 is used, the riverside retaining wall 1 is relatively stably connected to a river bank of a reservoir through the steel pipe piles 11 and the anchor pipes 12, and in the process, the steel pipe piles 11 and the anchor pipes 12 can be used for solidifying mountains above a planting area, so that the resistance of water and soil flow is increased, and meanwhile, the riverside retaining wall 1 is used as a pouring foundation; the waterside retaining wall 1 can intercept rainwater in local areas on two sides of the reservoir, and discharges the rainwater into the reservoir after sand blocking treatment through the drainage channel 4; so as to effectively reduce the possibility that the planting bag 2 moves to a reservoir due to the rain wash; meanwhile, the possibility that landslides are caused by rain wash of mountains corresponding to the planting area is reduced; waterproof geotechnique's cloth 21 passes through cable 211 pressfitting in a plurality of planting bags 2 then, can further do fixed the time to planting bags 2, further carry out water repellent to planting district to further reduce the influence of the erodeing of rainwater.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, further, a water storage plate 13 is poured and formed obliquely upwards at the lower part of the riverside retaining wall 1, a water storage tank 14 is formed between the water storage plate 13 and the riverside retaining wall 1, and the water storage tank 14 is located on the side of the riverside retaining wall 1 away from the reservoir. The water permeable plate 141 is formed at the opening edge of the water storage tank 14 by casting, and the part of the water storage plate 13 extending upwards out of the water permeable plate 141 and the water permeable plate 141 are formed by casting of permeable concrete. The river-facing retaining wall 1 and the part of the water storage plate 13 which is positioned at the inner side of the water storage tank 14 are formed by conventional concrete pouring or high-strength concrete pouring, such as C60 concrete.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a water seepage mechanism 5 for permeating water in the water storage tank 14 into the planting bag 2 is arranged in the water storage tank 14, a water outlet 15 is formed in a position, corresponding to the water drainage channel 4, of the river-facing retaining wall 1, a closed position is formed in a position, corresponding to the water outlet 15, of the water storage tank 14, the upper end of the water drainage channel 4 is located on the inner side of the water outlet 15, so that the water drainage channel 4 can be communicated with the upper side of the water permeable plate 141, and a filter screen 151 (see fig. 2) is fixedly connected to the inside of the water outlet 15 and used for preliminary sand blocking treatment.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the water seepage mechanism 5 includes a plurality of water seepage pipes 51 and a water seepage control member 52 provided corresponding to the water seepage pipes 51, the water seepage control member 52 being for controlling seepage of water in the reservoir 14 into the planting bag 2. The plurality of water seepage pipes 51 are distributed along the extending direction of the riverside retaining wall 1, the water seepage pipes 51 are perpendicular to the riverside retaining wall 1, and one end of each water seepage pipe 51 is communicated with the water storage tank 14 through a connecting pipe 511.

Specifically, when the river-facing retaining wall 1 is poured, the connecting pipe 511 is preset in the river-facing retaining wall 1, one end of the connecting pipe 511 penetrates into the water storage tank 14, and the other end of the connecting pipe 511 extends obliquely downward and extends out of the river-facing retaining wall 1, so that the water seepage pipe 51 is installed.

One end of the water seepage pipe 51 is connected and communicated with the connecting pipe 511 through a pipe joint, the other end of the water seepage pipe 51 is arranged in a closed manner, the water seepage pipe 51 integrally penetrates through the multiple planting bags 2, and the water seepage pipe 51 is a blind pipe or a pipeline provided with a through hole. Wherein, the water seepage control members 52 are arranged corresponding to the connection pipes 511 one by one.

The water seepage control member 52 is disposed at one end of the connection pipe 511 located in the reservoir 14. The water seepage control member 52 includes a control pin 521, a control pipe 522, a control spring 523 and a control block 524, and the control pin 521 has a rod shape and is disposed coaxially with the connection pipe 511. The control pipe 522 is sleeved on the control pin 521 and is disposed on the same central axis as the control pin and the control pin, the control pipe 522 is inserted into the water storage plate 13, and one end of the control pipe 522 inserted into the water storage plate 13 is located on the upper side of the water permeable plate 141, so that water can permeate into the control pipe 522.

Specifically, one end of the control pin 521 located in the control tube 522 is T-shaped, the large end of the control pin is adapted to the inner wall of the control tube 522, and the opening edge of the control tube 522 facing one end of the connection tube 511 is folded inwards and attached to the outer wall of the control pin 521, so that the control pin 521 can be limited by the control tube 522. The control spring 523 is sleeved on the control pin 521, and two ends of the control spring 523 respectively abut against the large end of the control pin 521 and the folded portion of the control tube 522, so as to drive the control pin 521 to slide toward the inside of the control tube 522.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the control block 524 is made of a water-absorbing expansion material, such as water-absorbing expansion rubber, water-absorbing resin, or a commercially available water-sensitive glue ball. The control block 524 is located inside the control tube 522, the control tube 522 is a water permeable tube, such as a blind tube or a pipe with water permeable holes, and the control block 524 abuts against the control pin 521, so that when the control block 524 absorbs water and expands, the control pin 521 can be pushed to axially extend out of the control tube 522 and be inserted into the connection tube 511, thereby plugging the connection tube 511. Wherein, the end of the control pipe 522 facing the river-facing retaining wall 1 is sleeved with a sealing pipe 526, and the sealing pipe 526 is partially inserted into the water storage plate 13, so as to reduce the possibility that rainwater in the water storage tank 14 seeps into the control pipe 522.

During raining, a part of rainwater flowing around the periphery of the reservoir can permeate into the water storage tank 14 through the water permeable plate 141, and in the process, the permeated rainwater on the upper portion of the water storage plate 13 can be absorbed by the control block 524, so that the control block 524 expands, the control pin 521 is pushed to extend out and be inserted into the connecting pipe 511, so that the water storage tank 14 can normally accumulate rainwater, and then when the water storage tank is relatively dry, the moisture content in the control pipe 522 is relatively low, so that the control block 524 contracts, and the control pin 521 is separated from the connecting pipe 511 under the action of the control spring 523, so that the water in the water storage tank 14 can permeate out through the water permeating pipe 51 and flow into the planting bag 2. In addition, when the rainfall is relatively insufficient, due to the covering of the waterproof geotextile 21, rainwater can directly irrigate through the water seepage pipe 51 after entering the water storage tank 14, and the water of the planting bag 2 is supplemented in time, so that the influence of the waterproof geotextile 21 on the growth of plants in the planting bag 2 is reduced; when the plants grow relatively sufficiently, the plants can slowly penetrate through the waterproof geotextile 21 and maintain the water and soil of the river banks on the two sides of the reservoir. Meanwhile, when the rainwater is relatively large, in the process of completely expanding the control block 524, the planting bag 2 is irrigated first, and then the connecting pipe 511 is blocked to store water, so that the irrigation operation of the planting bag 2 can be automatically controlled on the premise that no additional electrical equipment is needed.

Of course, in other embodiments, the water seepage control member 52 may be a valve, and when irrigation is needed, the water seepage control member 52 is opened for irrigation.

Referring to fig. 4 and 5, further, since the control pipe 522 is a water permeable pipe, the control spring 523 is immersed in water, in order to increase the service life of the control spring 523, control protection pipes 525 are disposed on both the inner side and the outer side of the control spring 523, and the control protection pipes 525 are rubber bellows. The two control protection tubes 525 and the control spring 523 are arranged on the same central axis, and two ends of the control protection tube 525 are respectively and fixedly connected to the large end of the control pin 521 and the bending part of the control tube 522.

Certainly, in its embodiment, infiltration mechanism 5 also can include a plurality of infiltration blind pipes and wear to locate the silver in the infiltration blind pipe, and the infiltration blind pipe communicates in catch basin 14, and the infiltration blind pipe wears to locate a plurality of planting bags 2 to when being used for through the infiltration blind pipe infiltration, the silver can be filtered, slows down the water yield when irrigating, reduces the possibility that the irrigation transition appears.

In addition, when the permeable plate 141 is cast, a plurality of cut-off plates 142 are cast on the upper side of the permeable plate 141 in synchronization, and the cut-off plates 142 are cast using permeable concrete. The cut-off plate 142 is fixedly connected to the permeable plate 141 and the water storage plate 13, so that when the rainwater is relatively less, the cut-off plate 142 can be used for cutting off the rainwater, and the rainwater can sufficiently permeate into the water storage tank 14; so that the planting bags 2 can be irrigated and treated in time when rainwater is relatively less. In addition, when the rainwater is relatively more, the intercepting plate 142 can slow down the flow velocity of the rainwater, so that the sand and soil carried by the rainwater on the reservoir river bank can be intercepted by the intercepting plate 142, the sand and soil carried by the rainwater can be further reduced, and the effect of water and soil conservation is assisted to be optimized.

Referring to fig. 6, in order to enable rainwater to flow through the filter screen 151 and then to be subjected to sand-blocking treatment through the drainage channel 4, the drainage channel 4 is provided with a plurality of sand-blocking grooves 41 for sand-blocking and drainage.

Specifically, the plurality of sand blocking grooves 41 are divided into two groups, the two groups of sand blocking grooves 41 are distributed along the width direction of the drainage channel 4, the two groups of sand blocking grooves 41 are arranged along the length direction of the drainage channel 4 in a staggered manner, and the two groups of sand blocking grooves 41 are oppositely opened.

The side wall of the sand blocking groove 41 comprises a guide surface 411, a sand blocking surface 412 and a backflow surface 413 which are distributed from bottom to top, and the guide surface 411, the sand blocking surface 412 and the backflow surface 413 are all arc surfaces and are connected in sequence. The upper end of the guide surface 411 and the upper end edge of the backflow surface 413 both extend into the opposite sand trap 41, so that rainwater can flow into the opposite sand trap 41 after flowing into the sand trap 41, and then can enter the opposite sand trap 41 after passing through the guide surface 411, the sand trap 412 and the backflow surface 413 in sequence. The bottom of the sand blocking surface 412 is recessed downward along the length direction of the drainage channel 4, the inner wall of the upper end edge of the return flow surface 413 is fixedly connected with a sand blocking net 42, and the sand blocking net 42 is further fixedly connected to the guide surface 411 of the sand blocking groove 41 opposite to the return flow surface 413.

When the rainwater collecting device is used, rainwater can sequentially flow through the guide surface 411, the sand blocking surface 412 and the backflow surface 413, in the process, the rainwater can be buffered through the sand blocking surface 412 and the backflow surface 413, the flowing speed of the rainwater is reduced, the rainwater can flow back in the sand blocking groove 41 in the process, then the rainwater flows through the sand blocking net 42 from the top of the backflow surface 413 and flows into the opposite sand blocking groove 41, in the process, part of sandy soil carried by the rainwater can stay at the bottom of the sand blocking surface 412, and then the sandy soil carried by the rainwater discharged to a reservoir is effectively reduced by matching with the sand blocking net 42, so that the water and soil retaining effect is further optimized; in addition, in the flowing process of rainwater, as rainwater can flow in the sand blocking groove 41 and laterally scour the sand blocking net 42, the possibility that the sand blocking net 42 is blocked by sand can be effectively reduced, so that the sand stopped by the sand blocking net 42 can be relatively fully remained in the sand blocking surface 412.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, further, because the sand and soil are accumulated in the sand trap 41, in order to clean the sand and soil in the sand trap 41, a retaining net 44 is disposed in the sand trap 41, and the retaining net 44 is disposed to adhere to the bottom wall of the lower portion of the sand trap 41, the backflow surface 413, and the sand trap surface 412. And the edge of the interception net 44 is shaped through a pipe fitting, and the edge of the interception net 44 is clamped on the inner wall of the sand interception groove 41 through a pin and the like, so that the sandy soil intercepted in the sand interception groove 41 can stay in the interception net 44, and when the sand is cleaned, the interception net 44 is only required to be taken out, and the sandy soil is dumped to the area machine where the planting bag 2 is located.

In addition, because rainwater infiltration needs certain time to catch basin 14, and there is the infiltration distance in the infiltration of infiltration pipe 51, when leading to rainy, has the rainwater to irrigate the condition not enough relatively, and at this moment, drainage channel 4 is provided with a plurality of drainage pieces 43 to be used for irrigating planting bag 2 with the rainwater that will block in the sand groove 41, further timely carries out irrigation treatment to planting bag 2.

Referring to fig. 6, the drainage member 43 includes a drainage tube 431 and a drainage tampon 432, the drainage tampon 432 is filled in the drainage tube 431, and the drainage tube 431 is a blind tube or a tube with water permeable holes. One end of the drain pipe 431 penetrates through the drain channel 4 and extends into the sand blocking groove 41, the part of the drain pipe 431 extending out of the drain channel 4 extends horizontally and penetrates through the planting bags 2, and the other end of the drain pipe 431 penetrates through another adjacent drain channel 4 and extends into the sand blocking groove 41.

When in use, rainwater accumulated in the sand blocking groove 41 can slowly permeate into the planting bag 2 through the drainage cotton strip 432, and the drainage cotton strip 432 is supported through the drainage pipe 431; in addition, when in use, the drainage cotton strip 432 can also block the drainage pipe 431, so that the possibility that sand blocks the drainage pipe 431 is reduced; the washing of rainwater to the planting soil and the like in the planting bag 2 can be effectively reduced, so that the possibility of over-irrigation is reduced; and the planting bag 2 can be fixed by the drain pipe 431 in cooperation with the drain channel 4, so that the stability before the plants in the planting bag 2 grow completely is optimized.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, in order to further optimize the stability of the planting bag 2, the fixing mechanism 3 includes a fixing net 31 and a plurality of fixing anchor pipes 32, the fixing net 31 is laid in the planting area below the riverside retaining wall 1, and the planting bag 2 is laid above the fixing net 31. The fixed anchor pipe 32 is a grouting pipe, the fixed anchor pipe 32 is inserted and anchored in the river levee of the reservoir, the fixed net 31 is fixedly connected to the fixed anchor pipe 32 through a binding belt or a bolt, and the planting bag 2 is fixedly connected to the fixed net 31. Wherein, after the fixed anchor pipe 32 is inserted into the river bank of the reservoir, after grouting and curing, the fixed anchor pipe is fixedly connected with the cable 211 and the waterproof geotextile 21 through a ribbon or a bolt so as to increase the integrity of the planting bag 2, the drainage channel 4 and the riverside retaining wall 1.

Of course, in other embodiments, the fixing mechanism 3 may also be a prefabricated frame made of pervious concrete, the prefabricated frame is fixedly connected to the river bank of the reservoir through an anchor rod, and the planting bag 2 is placed in the prefabricated frame.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (9)

1. A water and soil conservation method based on an ecological reservoir is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: s1, building a riverside retaining wall: a planting area is defined at the position near the river of a reservoir, concrete is poured at the high position of the planting area to form a river-facing retaining wall (1), and the river-facing retaining wall (1) is arranged in an extending mode along the length direction of a river channel; s2, laying planting bags: planting bags (2) are laid on the side, close to the river, of the river-facing retaining wall (1) to form a planting layer, the planting bags (2) are mutually overlapped, and the planting bags (2) are connected to a mountain body through fixing mechanisms (3); s3, paving a waterproof material: laying waterproof geotextile (21) on the upper layers of the planting bags (2), covering the waterproof geotextile (21) on the planting bags (2), fixedly connecting the upper edges of the waterproof geotextile (21) to the river-facing retaining wall (1), and connecting the lower edges of the waterproof geotextile (21) to a mountain body through a plurality of waterproof anchor rods (22); s4, laying a cable: a plurality of cables (211) distributed along the extending direction of the river-facing retaining wall (1) are laid on the surface layer of the waterproof geotextile (21), one end of each cable (211) is fixedly connected to a waterproof anchor rod (22), the other end of each cable (211) is fixedly connected to the river-facing retaining wall (1), and each cable (211) is connected to a fixing mechanism (3); s5, laying a drainage channel: divide into a plurality of areas that distribute along river course length direction with planting the layer, pour between two adjacent areas and be used for blocking drainage channel (4) of sand, drainage channel (4) communicate in face one side that river barricade (1) deviates from the river course, connect in drainage channel (4) with the side edge of waterproof geotechnological cloth (21) at last.

2. The ecological reservoir-based water and soil conservation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S1, before facing river barricade (1) and pouring, pour a plurality of steel pipe piles (11) of inserting and establishing in the mountain body in advance near river barricade (1) position, face the lower extreme fixed connection of river barricade (1) in a plurality of steel pipe piles (11), then face the top of river barricade (1) and predetermine a plurality of anchor pipes (12) of inserting and locating the mountain body, anchor pipe (12) are connected in facing river barricade (1) through anchor rope (121).

3. The ecological reservoir-based water and soil conservation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: face the lower part slope of river barricade (1) and pour the shaping up and have water storage plate (13), water storage plate (13) and face the shaping between the river barricade (1) have catch basin (14), just the opening border of catch basin (14) is pour the shaping and has water permeable plate (141), the part that water permeable plate (141) were stretched out in catch basin (13) adopts pervious concrete to pour the shaping equally, face river barricade (1) and be provided with and be used for the infiltration of the water of catch basin (14) to the infiltration mechanism (5) of planting bag (2), the part of water permeable plate (141) upside communicates in drainage channel (4).

4. The ecological reservoir-based water and soil conservation method according to claim 3, wherein: infiltration mechanism (5) include a plurality of infiltration pipes (51) and be used for controlling infiltration pipe (51) water flow's infiltration control spare (52), the one end of infiltration pipe (51) communicates in catch basin (14) through connecting pipe (511) of wearing to locate near river barricade (1), infiltration pipe (51) are located the part in catch basin (14) outside and wear to locate to plant bag (2), just infiltration pipe (51) are the blind pipe, infiltration control spare (52) set up in catch basin (14).

5. The ecological reservoir-based water and soil conservation method according to claim 4, wherein: the water seepage control piece (52) comprises a control pin (521) used for inserting a connecting pipe (511), a control pipe (522) sleeved outside the control pin (521), a control spring (523) and a control block (524), wherein two ends of the control spring (523) are respectively connected to the control pin (521) and the control pipe (522), the control spring (523) is used for controlling the separation of the control pin (521) from the connecting pipe (511), the control pipe (522) is a water permeable pipe and the control pipe (522) is inserted in a part of the water storage plate (13) extending out of the water permeable plate (141), the control block (524) is positioned in the control pipe (522) and abutted against the control pin (521), the control block (524) is made of a material with water absorption expansion, and a sealing pipe (526) is sleeved outside the end part of the control pipe (522) facing the riverside retaining wall (1).

6. The ecological reservoir-based water and soil conservation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the river-facing retaining wall (1) is provided with a water outlet (15) communicated with the upper side of a water permeable plate (141), the upper end of a drainage channel (4) is clamped and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the water outlet (15), a filter screen (151) for filtering is arranged in the water outlet (15), the drainage channel (4) is provided with a plurality of sand blocking grooves (41) distributed along the length direction of the drainage channel (4), the sand blocking grooves (41) are divided into two groups and two groups distributed along the width direction of the drainage channel (4), the two groups of sand blocking grooves (41) are oppositely opened and are arranged in a staggered manner, the side wall of each sand blocking groove (41) comprises a guide surface (411), a sand blocking surface (412) and a backflow surface (413) which are sequentially distributed from top to bottom, the upper end of the guide surface (411) and the backflow surface (413) all stretch into the inner sides of the opposite sand blocking grooves (41), and the sand blocking surface (412) is arc-shaped and is obliquely and is downwards sunken, the inner wall corresponding to the upper end edge of the backflow surface (413) is fixedly connected with a sand blocking net (42), and the sand blocking net (42) is fixedly connected to the guide surface (411) of the sand blocking groove (41) opposite to the backflow surface (413).

7. The ecological reservoir-based water and soil conservation method according to claim 6, wherein: the side edge of waterproof geotechnical cloth (21) is along connecting in the lateral wall of drainage channel (4), just drainage channel (4) are provided with drain (43), drain (43) are including drain pipe (431) and drainage silver (432), drain pipe (431) are the blind pipe, just drainage silver (432) are worn to locate drain pipe (431), the both ends of drain pipe (431) stretch into respectively to two adjacent drainage channel (4) block in sand groove (41), just planting bag (2) are worn to locate in drain pipe (431).

8. The ecological reservoir-based water and soil conservation method according to claim 6, wherein: an intercepting net (44) is clamped in the sand blocking groove (41), and the intercepting net (44) is arranged by being attached to the bottom wall of the lower portion of the sand blocking groove (41), the backflow surface (413) and the sand blocking surface (412).

9. The ecological reservoir-based water and soil conservation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, before planting bag (2) is laid, install fixed establishment (3) earlier, fixed establishment (3) are including fixed network (31) and a plurality of fixed anchor pipe (32), fixed network (31) upper and lower border difference fixed connection in facing river barricade (1) and waterproof stock (22), fixed anchor pipe (32) are predetermine in the mountain body, fixed network (31) are connected in fixed anchor pipe (32), just plant bag (2) and hang and establish in fixed network (31), cable (211) and waterproof geotechnological cloth (21) all are connected in fixed anchor pipe (32).

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