CN115058739A - Wide-range operation alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and control method thereof - Google Patents
Wide-range operation alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 205
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 12
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 3
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
- C25B15/023—Measuring, analysing or testing during electrolytic production
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
- C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system with wide-range operation and a control method thereof, and relates to the technical field of water electrolysis hydrogen production. The wide-range operation alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system comprises a hydrogen production assembly, a gas-liquid separation assembly, an impurity monitoring assembly, a pressure monitoring assembly and a valve assembly; the gas-liquid separation assembly comprises an oxygen side first gas-liquid separator, an oxygen side second gas-liquid separator, a hydrogen side first gas-liquid separator and a hydrogen side second gas-liquid separator; the control method of the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system with wide operation range comprises the following steps: the system comprises a power real-time monitoring program, a power change execution program, a first separator switching program, a second separator switching program and a separator full-open program. Therefore, the gas-liquid separation efficiency can be improved, the gas cross and impurity accumulation in the hydrogen production system can be reduced, and the safety of the hydrogen production system coupled with the renewable energy source can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen production by electrolyzing water, in particular to an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system operating in a wide range and a control method thereof.
Background
The hydrogen energy is a secondary energy with rich sources, green, low carbon and wide application, can help renewable energy sources to be consumed on a large scale, realizes large-scale peak regulation of a power grid and cross-season and cross-region energy storage, and accelerates the promotion of low carbonization in the fields of industry, buildings, traffic and the like.
The hydrogen production by water electrolysis coupled with renewable energy sources is the most green and environment-friendly hydrogen production technical route at present, and the technical types of hydrogen production by water electrolysis such as alkaline electrolytic cells, proton exchange membrane electrolytic cells, solid oxide electrolytic cells, anion exchange membrane electrolytic cells and the like exist at present, wherein the alkaline electrolytic cells have the highest technical maturity and the largest commercial application scale. In order to separate hydrogen and oxygen generated by the electrolysis of water from the alkali solution, a hydrogen-side gas-liquid separator and an oxygen-side gas-liquid separator are generally provided in the hydrogen production system, respectively.
Common gas-liquid separators in industrial application have gravity type, cyclone type, baffle type, wire mesh packing type and other structural types. The gravity type gas-liquid separator realizes gas-liquid separation by utilizing different densities of gas phase and liquid phase. The gravity type structure is simple, but the equipment volume is larger, and the separation period is longer. The cyclone gas-liquid separator separates gas and liquid by utilizing the centrifugal force principle. The cyclone type volume is small, the separation efficiency is high, but the separation load range is narrow. Baffled gas-liquid separators, also known as inertial separators, are small and have a high capacity, but are generally suitable for separating fluids having a low volume fraction of the liquid phase in the gas. The principle of the wire mesh filler separation and the principle of the baffling baffle separation are similar, the separation efficiency is higher, but the separation load range is narrower, and the separation efficiency is sharply reduced after the gas flow rate exceeds a certain range.
A gas-liquid separation device of an existing alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system generally adopts a gravity type gas-liquid separator, and in order to improve the integration degree of the gas-liquid separation system, a heat exchange coil is arranged in the gas-liquid separator and used for reducing the temperature of alkali liquor; in order to further reduce the liquid content in the gas, a wire mesh drop catcher is usually arranged at the gas outlet of the gas-liquid separator, but at present, no structural design for further reducing the gas content in the alkali liquor is found in the gravity type gas-liquid separator.
As is known, the renewable energy sources represented by wind energy and solar energy have obvious randomness and fluctuation, for example, the power output fluctuation range of a wind driven generator in one day is very large, so that the water electrolysis hydrogen production system coupled with the renewable energy sources is required to have a wide power operation range (such as 20% -110% of rated power, and even 5% -110% of rated power in extreme cases), while the power regulation range of the current water electrolysis hydrogen production system is generally 50% -110% of rated power, and cannot be operated in a low power range for a long time.
Research shows that besides operating conditions such as temperature and pressure, safety risks possibly caused by gas crossover in the water electrolysis hydrogen production system are also one of the limiting conditions for the water electrolysis hydrogen production system to operate in a low-power interval, and the reason for the gas crossover is mainly two-fold: firstly, the hydrogen and the oxygen diffuse and convect through a diaphragm in the electrolytic cell to cause gas cross; and secondly, the hydrogen and the oxygen are not completely separated in respective gas-liquid separators, and gas cross is caused along with the confluence of alkali liquor.
The incomplete separation of hydrogen and oxygen in the alkali liquor is mainly caused by two reasons: firstly, the separation efficiency of the gravity type gas-liquid separator commonly adopted at present is low, the gravity type gas-liquid separator is only suitable for the gas-liquid separation working condition with large bubble diameter, and incomplete separation can be caused by low final floating speed when small-diameter bubbles are treated; secondly, the retention time of the alkali liquor in the separator is unreasonable in design, and specifically, the retention time of the alkali liquor in the separator is too high, the liquid level in the gravity separator is too low, and the circulating alkali liquor directly brings bubbles out of the separator to cause incomplete gas-liquid separation. Therefore, the separation efficiency of gas in the alkali liquor can be improved by optimizing the design and the control method, and the safety and the operating range of the hydrogen production system by alkaline electrolysis of water are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an alkaline water electrolysis hydrogen production system with wide operation range and a control method thereof, which can ensure that the electrolysis power of the system can be operated safely for a long time in a wide regulation range.
Embodiments of the invention may be implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system with wide operation range, which comprises a hydrogen production assembly, a gas-liquid separation assembly, an impurity monitoring assembly, a pressure monitoring assembly and a valve assembly;
the hydrogen production assembly comprises an electrolytic bath, a power supply and an alkali liquor circulating pump, the electrolytic bath is connected with the power supply to form an electrolytic loop, and the alkali liquor circulating pump is connected between the gas-liquid separation assembly and the electrolytic bath;
the gas-liquid separation component comprises an oxygen side first gas-liquid separator, an oxygen side second gas-liquid separator, a hydrogen side first gas-liquid separator and a hydrogen side second gas-liquid separator, wherein the oxygen side first gas-liquid separator and the oxygen side second gas-liquid separator are connected with the hydrogen production component, and the hydrogen side first gas-liquid separator and the hydrogen side second gas-liquid separator are connected with the hydrogen production component;
the impurity monitoring assembly comprises an oxygen hydrogen analyzer and a hydrogen oxygen analyzer, wherein the oxygen hydrogen analyzer is connected to the oxygen side first gas-liquid separator and the oxygen side second gas-liquid separator, and the hydrogen oxygen analyzer is connected to the hydrogen side first gas-liquid separator and the hydrogen side second gas-liquid separator;
the pressure monitoring assembly comprises a pressure sensor arranged in a downstream pipeline of the gas-liquid separator;
the valve assembly comprises pneumatic valves arranged in the upstream pipeline and the downstream pipeline of the gas-liquid separator and a one-way valve arranged in the downstream pipeline of the gas-liquid separator.
In an alternative embodiment, the oxygen-side first gas-liquid separator and the oxygen-side second gas-liquid separator may be operated independently or in series, and the hydrogen-side first gas-liquid separator and the hydrogen-side second gas-liquid separator may be operated independently or in series by opening and closing of a valve combination.
In an alternative embodiment, the oxygen-side first gas-liquid separator and the hydrogen-side first gas-liquid separator are main gas-liquid separators, the oxygen-side second gas-liquid separator and the hydrogen-side second gas-liquid separator are auxiliary gas-liquid separators, the separation load range of the main gas-liquid separator is wider than that of the auxiliary gas-liquid separator, and the flow rate and bubble interval of the separation area of the main gas-liquid separator are larger than that of the auxiliary gas-liquid separator;
the first gas-liquid separator on the oxygen side and the first gas-liquid separator on the hydrogen side adopt gravity type gas-liquid separators, and the second gas-liquid separator on the oxygen side and the second gas-liquid separator on the hydrogen side adopt spiral-flow type gas-liquid separators.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for controlling an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system with wide-range operation, and the method for controlling an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system with wide-range operation is used for controlling the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system with wide-range operation according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.
In an alternative embodiment, a method for controlling an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system with wide-range operation comprises the following steps: the system comprises a power real-time monitoring program, a power change execution program, a first separator switching program, a second separator switching program and a separator full-open program.
In an alternative embodiment, the power real-time monitoring procedure comprises:
s11: judging whether the current impurity content exceeds a first threshold value; if yes, go to S14: alarming and interlocking to stop the machine, if not, entering S12;
s12: judging whether the current impurity content exceeds a second threshold value; if yes, go to S15: alarming, entering a separator full-open execution program, and if not, entering S13;
s13: judging whether the current value of the power of the electrolytic cell deviates from the set value; if yes, go to S16: the power change execution routine is entered, and if not, the routine returns to S11.
In an alternative embodiment, the power change execution routine comprises:
s21: judging whether the set power of the electrolytic cell is lower than a power threshold value; if yes, the process goes to S22, otherwise, the process goes to S25;
s22: judging whether the second gas-liquid separator is running at present; if yes, the process proceeds to S23, otherwise, the process proceeds to S212: entering a second separator switching program;
s23: setting the circulation amount of the alkali liquor circulation pump as the lowest flow, and entering S24;
s24: changing the power of the electrolytic cell according to the received electrolytic cell power adjusting instruction, completing a power change execution program, and returning to a power real-time monitoring program;
s25: judging whether the set power of the electrolytic cell is lower than the rated power of the electrolytic cell, if so, entering S26, and if not, entering S29;
s26: judging whether the first gas-liquid separator is in operation currently, if so, entering S27, otherwise, executing S213: entering a first separator switching program;
s27: changing the power of the electrolytic cell according to the received power adjustment instruction of the electrolytic cell, and entering S28;
s28: adjusting the circulation amount of the alkali liquor in proportion to the power of the electrolytic cell;
s29: judging whether the set power of the electrolytic cell is lower than the highest power; if yes, entering S210, otherwise, completing the power change execution program, and returning to the power real-time monitoring program;
s210: judging whether the first gas-liquid separator and the second separator are operated in series or not, if so, entering S211, otherwise, executing S214: entering a separator full-open execution program;
s211: setting the circulation volume of the alkali liquor circulation pump as the highest flow, and entering S215;
s215: and changing the power of the electrolytic cell according to the received electrolytic cell power adjusting instruction, finishing the power change execution program, and returning to the power real-time monitoring program.
In an alternative embodiment, the first splitter switching procedure comprises:
s31: opening the first pneumatic valve, opening the seventh pneumatic valve, closing the sixth pneumatic valve, and proceeding to S32;
s32: judging whether the difference between the indicating values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is smaller than a threshold value; if yes, entering S33, otherwise, returning to S32 to continue judging;
s33: delaying for a period of time T1, opening the second pneumatic valve and entering S34;
s34: and delaying a period of time T2, closing the third pneumatic valve, closing the fourth pneumatic valve, closing the fifth pneumatic valve, completing the switching of the separator and continuously executing the original program.
In an alternative embodiment, the second splitter switching procedure comprises:
s41: opening the third pneumatic valve, opening the fifth pneumatic valve, closing the sixth pneumatic valve, and proceeding to S42;
s42: judging whether the difference between the indicating values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is smaller than a threshold value, if so, entering S43, otherwise, returning to S42 to continue judging;
s43: delaying for a period of time T3, and opening the fourth pneumatic valve;
s44: and delaying a period of time T4, closing the first pneumatic valve, closing the second pneumatic valve, closing the seventh pneumatic valve, completing the switching of the separator and continuously executing the original program.
In an alternative embodiment, the separator full open procedure comprises:
s51: judging whether only the first gas-liquid separator is in operation currently, if so, entering S52, otherwise, entering S56;
s52: opening the third pneumatic valve, opening the sixth pneumatic valve, and proceeding to S53;
s53: judging whether the difference between the indicating values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is smaller than a threshold value, if so, entering S54, otherwise, returning to S53 to continue judging;
s54: delaying for a period of time T5, opening the fourth pneumatic valve and entering S55;
s55: delaying a period of time T6, closing the first pneumatic valve, closing the fifth pneumatic valve, completing the full opening program of the separator, and continuing to execute the original program;
s56: opening the sixth pneumatic valve, closing the fifth pneumatic valve, and proceeding to S57;
s57: judging whether the difference between the indicating values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is smaller than a threshold value, if so, entering S58, otherwise, returning to S57 to continue judging;
s58: and delaying a period of time T7, opening the second pneumatic valve, opening the seventh pneumatic valve, completing the full opening program of the separator, and continuously executing the original program.
The alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system with wide operation range and the control method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention have the beneficial effects that:
two gas-liquid separators suitable for different load ranges are arranged in an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system which operates in a wide range, and the operation range of the gas-liquid separation device is expanded by controlling the operation modes of the first gas-liquid separator and the second gas-liquid separator in a combined manner; the circulation amount of the alkali liquor is reduced along with the reduction of the electrolysis power in a certain range, so that the retention time of bubbles in the gas-liquid separator is increased, and the gas-liquid separation efficiency is improved. Through the design, the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system with wide operation range can work safely in a wider operation range, wherein the operation power of the wider operation range can be 5-110% of the rated power.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wide-range operation alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system for wide-range operation provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a power real-time monitoring program of an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system with wide operation range provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a power variation execution routine for a wide range operation alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a first separator switching procedure for a wide-range operation alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a second separator switching procedure for a wide-range operation alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a separator full-open process of an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system with wide-range operation provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Icon: 101-an electrolytic cell; 102-a direct current power supply; 103-alkali liquor circulating pump; 201-an oxygen side first gas-liquid separator; 202-an oxygen side second gas-liquid separator; 203-hydrogen side first gas-liquid separator; 204-a hydrogen side second gas-liquid separator; 301-hydrogen in oxygen analyzer; 302-hydrogen mesogen analyzer; 401-oxygen side first pneumatic valve; 402-oxygen side second pneumatic valve; 403-oxygen side third pneumatic valve; 404-oxygen side fourth pneumatic valve; 405-oxygen side fifth pneumatic valve; 406-oxygen side sixth pneumatic valve; 407-an oxygen-side seventh pneumatic valve; 501-hydrogen side first pneumatic valve; 502-a hydrogen side second pneumatic valve; 503-hydrogen side third pneumatic valve; 504-hydrogen side fourth pneumatic valve; 505-hydrogen side fifth pneumatic valve; 506-hydrogen side sixth pneumatic valve; 507-a hydrogen-side seventh pneumatic valve; 601-an oxygen line first one-way valve; 602-oxygen line second one-way valve; 603-a first one-way valve in the hydrogen path; 604-a second one-way valve in the hydrogen path; 701-oxygen side first pressure sensor; 702-an oxygen side second pressure sensor; 703-a hydrogen side first pressure sensor; 704-a hydrogen side second pressure sensor.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", etc. are used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings or the orientation or positional relationship which the product of the present invention is used to usually place, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the appearances of the terms "first," "second," and the like, if any, are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
It should be noted that the features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a hydrogen production system by alkaline electrolyzed water with wide operation range, and the hydrogen production system by alkaline electrolyzed water with wide operation range includes a hydrogen production assembly, a gas-liquid separation assembly, an impurity monitoring assembly, a pressure monitoring assembly and a valve assembly.
Wherein, the hydrogen production assembly comprises an electrolytic bath 101, a direct current power supply 102 and an alkali liquor circulating pump 103. The electrolytic bath 101 is connected with a direct current power supply 102 to form an electrolytic loop, and an alkali liquor circulating pump 103 is connected between the gas-liquid separation component and the electrolytic bath 101.
The gas-liquid separation assembly includes an oxygen-side first gas-liquid separator 201, an oxygen-side second gas-liquid separator 202, a hydrogen-side first gas-liquid separator 203, and a hydrogen-side second gas-liquid separator 204. The first oxygen-side gas-liquid separator 201 and the second oxygen-side gas-liquid separator 202 are connected to the hydrogen production assembly, and the first hydrogen-side gas-liquid separator 203 and the second hydrogen-side gas-liquid separator 204 are connected to the hydrogen production assembly.
In this embodiment, the oxygen-side first gas-liquid separator 201 and the hydrogen-side first gas-liquid separator 203 are main gas-liquid separators, the oxygen-side second gas-liquid separator 202 and the hydrogen-side second gas-liquid separator 204 are auxiliary gas-liquid separators, the separation load range of the main gas-liquid separator is wider than that of the auxiliary gas-liquid separator, and the flow rate and bubble interval of the separation region of the main gas-liquid separator is larger than that of the auxiliary gas-liquid separator. Specifically, the first gas-liquid separator is used as a main gas-liquid separator, the separation load range is wide, and the high-efficiency separation range is mainly located in a large-flow and large-bubble interval; the second gas-liquid separator is used as an auxiliary gas-liquid separator, and the high-efficiency separation range of the second gas-liquid separator is mainly positioned in a small flow and small bubble interval.
The oxygen side first gas-liquid separator 201 and the hydrogen side first gas-liquid separator 203 are gravity type gas-liquid separators, which include internal structures such as heat exchange coil pipes, or structural characteristics of separators such as integrated cyclone separation, baffle plates, wire mesh packing and the like, or gravity type gas-liquid separators installed in an inclined manner. The second gas-liquid separator 202 on the oxygen side and the second gas-liquid separator 204 on the hydrogen side adopt cyclone gas-liquid separators, including cyclone gas-liquid separators of outer cone type, inner cone type, pipe column type and other structural types.
The impurity monitoring assembly includes an oxygen hydrogen analyzer 301 and a hydrogen oxygen analyzer 302, wherein the oxygen hydrogen analyzer 301 is connected to the oxygen side first gas-liquid separator 201 and the oxygen side second gas-liquid separator 202, and the hydrogen oxygen analyzer 302 is connected to the hydrogen side first gas-liquid separator 203 and the hydrogen side second gas-liquid separator 204.
The pressure monitoring assembly includes pressure sensors (including an oxygen-side first pressure sensor 701, an oxygen-side second pressure sensor 702, a hydrogen-side first pressure sensor 703, and a hydrogen-side second pressure sensor 704) provided in a downstream line of the gas-liquid separator (including the oxygen-side first gas-liquid separator 201, the oxygen-side second gas-liquid separator 202, the hydrogen-side first gas-liquid separator 203, and the hydrogen-side second gas-liquid separator 204), specifically, an oxygen-side first pressure sensor 701 provided downstream of a gas outlet of the oxygen-side first gas-liquid separator 201; an oxygen-side second pressure sensor 702 provided downstream of the gas outlet of the oxygen-side second gas-liquid separator 202; a hydrogen-side first pressure sensor 703 provided downstream of the gas outlet of the hydrogen-side first gas-liquid separator 203; a hydrogen-side second pressure sensor 704 provided downstream of the gas outlet of the hydrogen-side second gas-liquid separator 204.
The valve assembly comprises pneumatic valves arranged in an upstream pipeline and a downstream pipeline of the gas-liquid separator and one-way valves arranged in the downstream pipeline of the gas-liquid separator and an alkali liquor return pipeline, and specifically comprises an oxygen side first pneumatic valve 401 and a hydrogen side first pneumatic valve 501 which are arranged at the upstream of a gas-liquid mixture inlet, wherein the oxygen side and the hydrogen side of a first gas-liquid separator (comprising an oxygen side first gas-liquid separator 201 and a hydrogen side first gas-liquid separator 203) are both designed in the same way; an oxygen-side second air-operated valve 402 and a hydrogen-side second air-operated valve 502 provided downstream of the gas outlet of the first gas-liquid separator; an oxygen-side third air-operated valve 403 and a hydrogen-side third air-operated valve 503 provided upstream of the gas-liquid mixture inlet of the second gas-liquid separator (including the oxygen-side second gas-liquid separator 202 and the hydrogen-side second gas-liquid separator 204); an oxygen-side fourth pneumatic valve 404 and a hydrogen-side fourth pneumatic valve 504 disposed downstream of the second gas-liquid separator gas outlet; two branches are arranged at the downstream of the liquid outlet of the second gas-liquid separator, wherein an oxygen-side fifth pneumatic valve 405 and a hydrogen-side fifth pneumatic valve 505 are arranged on a pipeline connected with the alkali liquor circulating pump 103, and an oxygen-side sixth pneumatic valve 406 and a hydrogen-side sixth pneumatic valve 506 are arranged on a pipeline connected with the first gas-liquid separator; downstream of the first gas-liquid separator liquid outlet, an oxygen-side seventh air-operated valve 407 and a hydrogen-side seventh air-operated valve 507 are disposed.
An oxygen gas path first check valve 601 provided downstream of the gas outlet of the oxygen side first gas-liquid separator 201; an oxygen gas path second check valve 602 disposed downstream of the gas outlet of the oxygen side second gas-liquid separator 202; a hydrogen gas path first check valve 603 provided downstream of the gas outlet of the hydrogen side first gas-liquid separator 203; and a hydrogen path second check valve 604 disposed downstream of the gas outlet of the hydrogen-side second gas-liquid separator 204.
In addition, a wide range of operating alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production systems also include conventional components such as: the device comprises a water tank, a cooler, a scrubber, a gas drying and purifying assembly, a gas water content monitoring assembly, a gas leakage monitoring assembly, a control device, a communication device and the like.
The embodiment also provides a control method of the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system based on the wide-range operation, which comprises a power real-time monitoring program, a power change execution program, a first separator switching program, a second separator switching program, a separator full-open program and the like.
Referring to fig. 2, the real-time power monitoring procedure includes the following steps:
s11: and judging whether the current impurity content exceeds a first threshold value. Specifically, the impurity content includes a hydrogen content in oxygen and an oxygen content in hydrogen, and the first threshold may be 2%.
If yes, go to S14: alarming and interlocking to stop, if not, entering S12.
S12: and judging whether the current impurity content exceeds a second threshold value. Specifically, the second threshold may be 1%.
If yes, go to S15: alarming and entering a separator full-open execution program, and if not, entering S13.
S13: and judging whether the current value of the power of the electrolytic cell has deviation from the set value.
If yes, go to S16: the power change execution routine is entered, and if not, the routine returns to S11.
Referring to fig. 3, the power variation execution procedure includes the following steps:
s21: and judging whether the set power of the electrolytic cell is lower than a power threshold value. In particular, the power threshold may be 50% of the rated power of the electrolyzer.
If so, the process proceeds to S22, and if not, the process proceeds to S25.
S22: and judging whether the second gas-liquid separator operates currently.
If yes, the process proceeds to S23, otherwise, the process proceeds to S212: a second splitter switching procedure is entered.
S23: setting the circulation amount of the lye circulation pumps to the lowest flow rate, wherein the lowest flow rate is 50% of the highest flow rate, and entering S24.
S24: and changing the power of the electrolytic cell according to the instruction, completing the power change execution program, and returning to the power real-time monitoring program.
S25: and (4) judging whether the set power of the electrolytic cell is lower than the rated power, if so, entering S26, and if not, entering S29.
S26: judging whether the first gas-liquid separator is operated currently, if so, entering S27, otherwise, executing S213: a first splitter switching procedure is entered.
S27: the cell power was varied as instructed and the flow proceeds to S28.
S28: and adjusting the circulation amount of the alkali liquor in proportion to the power of the electrolytic cell, specifically, setting the proportion of the power to the rated power of the electrolytic cell and the proportion of the circulation amount of the alkali liquor to the highest flow in equal proportion, completing the power change execution program, and returning to the power real-time monitoring program.
S29: and judging whether the set power of the electrolytic cell is lower than the highest power, wherein the highest power can be 110% of the rated power of the electrolytic cell.
If yes, the process goes to S210, if not, the power change execution program is finished, and the power real-time monitoring program is returned.
S210: judging whether the separator is in full-open operation currently, if so, entering S211, otherwise, executing S214: and entering a separator full-open execution program.
S211: setting the circulation amount of the alkali liquor circulation pump as the highest flow, and entering S215.
S215: and changing the power of the electrolytic cell according to the instruction, completing the power change execution program, and returning to the power real-time monitoring program.
Referring to fig. 4, the first splitter switching procedure includes the following steps:
s31: the first pneumatic valve is opened, the seventh pneumatic valve is opened, the sixth pneumatic valve is closed, and the process proceeds to S32.
S32: and judging whether the difference between the indication values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is smaller than a threshold value, wherein the threshold value can be 10 kPa.
If so, the process proceeds to S33, otherwise, the process returns to S32 to continue the determination.
S33: delaying for a time T1, opening the second pneumatic valve, wherein the time T1 may be 60 seconds, and proceeding to S34.
S34: and delaying a period of time T2, closing the third pneumatic valve, closing the fourth pneumatic valve, closing the fifth pneumatic valve, completing the switching of the separator and continuously executing the original program. Wherein the period of time T2 may be 10 seconds.
Referring to fig. 5, the second splitter switching procedure includes the following steps:
s41: the third air-operated valve is opened, the fifth air-operated valve is opened, the sixth air-operated valve is closed, and S42 is entered.
S42: and judging whether the difference between the indication values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is smaller than a threshold value, wherein the threshold value can be 10kPa, if so, entering S43, otherwise, returning to S42 to continue the judgment.
S43: delaying the fourth pneumatic valve for a time T3, where the time T3 may be 60 seconds, and proceeding to S44.
S44: and delaying a period of time T4, closing the first pneumatic valve, closing the second pneumatic valve, closing the seventh pneumatic valve, completing the switching of the separator and continuing to execute the original program. Wherein the period of time T4 may be 10 seconds.
Referring to fig. 6, the separator full open procedure includes the following steps:
s51: and judging whether only the first gas-liquid separator is in operation currently, if so, entering S52, otherwise, entering S56.
S52: the third pneumatic valve is opened, the sixth pneumatic valve is opened, and the process proceeds to S53.
S53: and judging whether the difference between the indication values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is smaller than a threshold value, wherein the threshold value can be 10kPa, if so, entering S54, otherwise, returning to S53 to continue the judgment.
S54: delaying the time T5 for the fourth pneumatic valve to open, a time T5 may be 60 seconds, and proceeding to S55.
S55: and delaying a period of time T6, closing the first pneumatic valve, closing the fifth pneumatic valve, completing the full-opening program of the separator, and continuously executing the original program. Wherein the period of time T6 may be 10 seconds.
S56: the sixth pneumatic valve is opened, the fifth pneumatic valve is closed, and the process proceeds to S57.
S57: and judging whether the difference between the indication values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is smaller than a threshold value, wherein the threshold value can be 10kPa, if so, entering S58, otherwise, returning to S57 to continue the judgment.
S58: and delaying a period of time T7, opening the second pneumatic valve, opening the seventh pneumatic valve, completing the full opening program of the separator, and continuously executing the original program. Wherein the period of time T7 may be 60 seconds.
The alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system with wide operation range and the control method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention have the beneficial effects that:
1. by integrating internal components (such as cyclone separation, baffle plates, wire mesh packing and the like) with other structural characteristics of the gas-liquid separator in the gravity type gas-liquid separator, a gas-liquid separation device with wider load range and higher separation efficiency is formed, and the liquid content in gas and the gas content in alkali liquor are reduced;
2. according to the operating conditions of the hydrogen production system and the analysis of the impurity concentration, the separation advantages of the first gas-liquid separator and the second gas-liquid separator are comprehensively exerted by controlling the first gas-liquid separator and the second gas-liquid separator to independently operate or operate in series under specific working conditions, so that the gas-liquid separation efficiency is improved;
3. the alkali liquor circulating flow of the alkali liquor circulating pump is adjusted in the same proportion according to the power of the electrolytic cell within a certain range, so that the retention time of gas in the gas-liquid separator is prolonged, and the gas-liquid separation efficiency is improved.
The system and the control method thereof can improve the gas-liquid separation efficiency and reduce the gas intersection and impurity accumulation in the hydrogen production system, thereby expanding the power operation range of the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system to 5-110% of the rated power, improving the adaptability and safety of the coupling of the hydrogen production system and the renewable energy power generation system and promoting the large-scale consumption of renewable energy.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The wide-range operation alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system is characterized by comprising a hydrogen production assembly, a gas-liquid separation assembly, an impurity monitoring assembly, a pressure monitoring assembly and a valve assembly;
the hydrogen production assembly comprises an electrolytic cell (101), a power supply (102) and an alkali liquor circulating pump (103), the electrolytic cell (101) is connected with the power supply (102) to form an electrolytic loop, and the alkali liquor circulating pump (103) is connected between the gas-liquid separation assembly and the electrolytic cell (101);
the gas-liquid separation assembly comprises an oxygen side first gas-liquid separator (201), an oxygen side second gas-liquid separator (202), a hydrogen side first gas-liquid separator (203) and a hydrogen side second gas-liquid separator (204), wherein the oxygen side first gas-liquid separator (201), the oxygen side second gas-liquid separator (202) and the hydrogen production assembly are connected, and the hydrogen side first gas-liquid separator (203), the hydrogen side second gas-liquid separator (204) and the hydrogen production assembly are connected;
the impurity monitoring assembly comprises an oxyhydrogen analyzer (301) and an oxyhydrogen analyzer (302), wherein the oxyhydrogen analyzer (301) is connected to the oxygen-side first gas-liquid separator (201) and the oxygen-side second gas-liquid separator (202), and the oxyhydrogen analyzer (302) is connected to the hydrogen-side first gas-liquid separator (203) and the hydrogen-side second gas-liquid separator (204);
the pressure monitoring assembly comprises a pressure sensor arranged in a downstream pipeline of the gas-liquid separator;
the valve assembly comprises pneumatic valves arranged in the upstream pipeline and the downstream pipeline of the gas-liquid separator and a one-way valve arranged in the downstream pipeline of the gas-liquid separator.
2. The system for producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolysis of water with wide operation range according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxygen-side first gas-liquid separator (201) and the oxygen-side second gas-liquid separator (202) can be operated independently or in series, and the hydrogen-side first gas-liquid separator (203) and the hydrogen-side second gas-liquid separator (204) can be operated independently or in series by opening and closing of valve combination.
3. The system for producing hydrogen by alkaline electrolyzed water of wide-range operation according to claim 1, characterized in that the oxygen-side first gas-liquid separator (201) and the hydrogen-side first gas-liquid separator (203) are main gas-liquid separators, the oxygen-side second gas-liquid separator (202) and the hydrogen-side second gas-liquid separator (204) are auxiliary gas-liquid separators, the separation load range of the main gas-liquid separator is wider than that of the auxiliary gas-liquid separator, and the flow rate and bubble interval of the separation region of the main gas-liquid separator are larger than that of the auxiliary gas-liquid separator;
the first oxygen-side gas-liquid separator (201) and the first hydrogen-side gas-liquid separator (203) are gravity-type gas-liquid separators, and the second oxygen-side gas-liquid separator (202) and the second hydrogen-side gas-liquid separator (204) are cyclone-type gas-liquid separators.
4. The control method of the wide-range operation alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system is characterized in that the control method of the wide-range operation alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system is used for controlling the wide-range operation alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.
5. The control method for the wide-range operation alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the following steps: the system comprises a power real-time monitoring program, a power change execution program, a first separator switching program, a second separator switching program and a separator full-open program.
6. The control method for the alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system operated in a wide range according to claim 5, wherein the power real-time monitoring program comprises:
s11: judging whether the current impurity content exceeds a first threshold value; if yes, go to S14: alarming and interlocking to stop the machine, if not, entering S12;
s12: judging whether the current impurity content exceeds a second threshold value; if yes, go to S15: alarming, entering a separator full-open execution program, and if not, entering S13;
s13: judging whether the current value of the power of the electrolytic cell deviates from the set value; if yes, go to S16: the power change execution routine is entered, and if not, the routine returns to S11.
7. The control method for an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system operated in a wide range according to claim 5, wherein the power variation execution program comprises:
s21: judging whether the set power of the electrolytic cell is lower than a power threshold value; if yes, the process goes to S22, otherwise, the process goes to S25;
s22: judging whether the second gas-liquid separator is running at present; if yes, go to S23, if no, execute S212: entering a second separator switching program;
s23: setting the circulation amount of the alkali liquor circulation pump as the lowest flow, and entering S24;
s24: changing the power of the electrolytic cell according to the received electrolytic cell power adjusting instruction, completing a power change execution program, and returning to a power real-time monitoring program;
s25: judging whether the set power of the electrolytic cell is lower than the rated power of the electrolytic cell, if so, entering S26, and if not, entering S29;
s26: judging whether the first gas-liquid separator is in operation currently, if so, entering S27, otherwise, executing S213: entering a first separator switching program;
s27: changing the power of the electrolytic cell according to the received power adjustment instruction of the electrolytic cell, and entering S28;
s28: adjusting the circulation amount of the alkali liquor in proportion to the power of the electrolytic cell;
s29: judging whether the set power of the electrolytic cell is lower than the highest power; if yes, entering S210, otherwise, completing the power change execution program, and returning to the power real-time monitoring program;
s210: judging whether the first gas-liquid separator and the second separator are operated in series or not, if so, entering S211, otherwise, executing S214: entering a separator full-open execution program;
s211: setting the circulation volume of the alkali liquor circulation pump as the highest flow, and entering S215;
s215: and changing the power of the electrolytic cell according to the received electrolytic cell power regulation instruction, finishing the power change execution program, and returning to the power real-time monitoring program.
8. The control method for an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system operated over a wide range according to claim 5, wherein the first separator switching program comprises:
s31: opening the first pneumatic valve, opening the seventh pneumatic valve, closing the sixth pneumatic valve, and proceeding to S32;
s32: judging whether the difference between the indicating values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is smaller than a threshold value; if yes, entering S33, otherwise, returning to S32 to continue judging;
s33: delaying for a period of time T1, opening the second pneumatic valve and entering S34;
s34: and delaying a period of time T2, closing the third pneumatic valve, closing the fourth pneumatic valve, closing the fifth pneumatic valve, completing the switching of the separator and continuously executing the original program.
9. The control method for an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system operated over a wide range according to claim 5, wherein the second separator switching program comprises:
s41: opening the third pneumatic valve, opening the fifth pneumatic valve, closing the sixth pneumatic valve, and proceeding to S42;
s42: judging whether the difference between the indicating values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is smaller than a threshold value, if so, entering S43, otherwise, returning to S42 to continue judging;
s43: delaying for a period of time T3, and opening the fourth pneumatic valve;
s44: and delaying a period of time T4, closing the first pneumatic valve, closing the second pneumatic valve, closing the seventh pneumatic valve, completing the switching of the separator and continuously executing the original program.
10. The control method for an alkaline electrolyzed water hydrogen production system operated in a wide range according to claim 5, wherein the separator full-open procedure comprises:
s51: judging whether only the first gas-liquid separator is in operation at present, if so, entering S52, and if not, entering S56;
s52: opening the third pneumatic valve, opening the sixth pneumatic valve, and proceeding to S53;
s53: judging whether the difference between the indicating values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is smaller than a threshold value, if so, entering S54, otherwise, returning to S53 to continue judging;
s54: delaying for a period of time T5, opening the fourth pneumatic valve, and entering S55;
s55: delaying a period of time T6, closing the first pneumatic valve, closing the fifth pneumatic valve, completing the full opening program of the separator, and continuing to execute the original program;
s56: opening the sixth pneumatic valve, closing the fifth pneumatic valve, and proceeding to S57;
s57: judging whether the difference between the indicating values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor is smaller than a threshold value, if so, entering S58, otherwise, returning to S57 to continue judging;
s58: and delaying a period of time T7, opening the second pneumatic valve, opening the seventh pneumatic valve, completing the full opening program of the separator, and continuously executing the original program.
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