CN115058596A - Efficient treatment and recovery method for smelting slag - Google Patents
Efficient treatment and recovery method for smelting slag Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 105
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 98
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- MPOKJOWFCMDRKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Au] MPOKJOWFCMDRKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 gold carbon cyanide Chemical compound 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl1408157 Chemical compound N=1C2=CC=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=1C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KXZJHVJKXJLBKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/02—Obtaining noble metals by dry processes
- C22B11/021—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
- C22B11/023—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from pyrometallurgical residues, e.g. from ashes, dross, flue dust, mud, skim, slag, sludge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B11/00—Obtaining noble metals
- C22B11/04—Obtaining noble metals by wet processes
- C22B11/042—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials
- C22B11/044—Recovery of noble metals from waste materials from pyrometallurgical residues, e.g. from ashes, dross, flue dust, mud, skim, slag, sludge
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/006—Wet processes
- C22B7/007—Wet processes by acid leaching
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of smelting slag recovery, in particular to a high-efficiency treatment and recovery method of smelting slag. Crushing and grinding the gold, then performing table reselection to recover coarse-grained gold, performing acid leaching pretreatment and smelting on heavy sand obtained by reselection to obtain gold alloy for sale, and adding reselected tailings into a full mud cyaniding system to recover residual fine-grained gold, thereby realizing comprehensive recovery of gold in smelting slag; most of the equipment of the method is on-site equipment or systems, so that the investment is low and the operation cost is low; the recovery effect is ideal, and compared with the single table reselection recovery rate of 53.78 percent and the full mud cyanidation recovery rate of 44.54 percent, the recovery rate of the reselection and cyanidation comprehensive beneficiation method is 98.32 percent. The method can realize the maximum recovery effect of smelting slag gold on site, obtains the maximum economic benefit, and is a great development trend of treating smelting slag in gold carbon cyanide pulp plants in the future.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of smelting slag recovery, in particular to a high-efficiency treatment and recovery method of smelting slag.
Background
Gold-carrying carbon of gold cyaniding carbon pulp factory is resolved and electrolyzed to obtain intermediate product gold mud, the dried and calcined gold mud is mixed with proper amount of borax, soda powder, quartz sand and other solvents, and then is filled into a graphite crucible, an intermediate frequency furnace is heated to 1200 ℃ to melt and ingot-injection to obtain alloy gold and smelting slag, a certain amount of gold is remained in the smelting slag, the granularity of the slag gold is divided into coarse particles and fine particles, and the coarse particles are taken as main particles.
At present, the gold cyaniding carbon pulp factory smelting slag treatment modes mainly comprise three types: (1) smelting slag is directly sold, so that the economic income is increased; (2) smelting slag is added into an ore grinding system, and the smelting slag enters a cyanidation production system for recycling after ore grinding, wherein cyanidation mainly recycles micro-fine gold in the slag, while the recycling effect of coarse gold is poor because of the physical properties of gold in the slag and the cyanidation production process (which is suitable for recycling the micro-fine gold); (3) coarse gold particles in the smelting slag are recovered through reselection, and reselection tailings (residual fine gold particles) are directly sold. In conclusion, the smelting slag cannot be fully utilized in the above modes, which results in resource waste; and also increases production costs invisibly.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention effectively realizes the recovery effect of smelting slag gold by utilizing the material properties of the smelting slag and adopting combined ore dressing and comprehensive recovery, and aims to provide a high-efficiency treatment and recovery method of the smelting slag.
The invention provides a high-efficiency treatment and recovery method of smelting slag, which specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing: pre-crushing the smelting slag, wherein the pre-crushing granularity is-50 mm; then finely crushing the mixture by crushing equipment, and circularly crushing the mixture for many times until the crushing granularity is minus 3mm for later use;
step 2, grinding, namely adopting grinding equipment, feeding 30kg of materials each time, wherein the adding ratio of slag to water is 1:1, and grinding for 45min to obtain an ore pulp material, wherein the target fineness of the ore pulp material is 80% of-200 meshes;
and step 3, reselection: loading the ore pulp material obtained in the step (2) into a U-shaped deep groove plastic basin for reselection, wherein the reselection equipment is a shaking table, uniformly feeding the material through a shaking table feeding system, observing the distribution condition of the material on a bed layer of the shaking table, and ensuring that the reselection effect of the shaking table is normal and the reselection time is 20 min; repeatedly reselecting the heavy sand for multiple times according to the mud content of the heavy sand, and carefully selecting the gold content of the enriched heavy sand;
step 4, cyaniding the whole mud: the tailings after the gravity separation by the table concentrator are subjected to full-mud cyanidation to recover residual fine-grained gold, and the residual fine-grained gold and the ores fed into the full-mud cyanidation production system are synchronously recovered; absorbing gold-containing pregnant solution leached by all-mud cyanidation by active carbon, and carrying out resolution, electrolysis and smelting on gold-carrying carbon to obtain a final product of gold alloy;
step 5, heavy sand acid leaching pretreatment: acid leaching pretreatment is carried out on heavy sand subjected to table reselection, the base metal content is reduced, the gold and silver content of the heavy sand is increased, industrial nitric acid is stored in the site in the acid leaching pretreatment, acid liquor with the concentration of 31.35% is prepared according to the proportion of the industrial nitric acid to water being 2:1, acid leaching is carried out according to the material-liquor ratio of the heavy sand to the acid liquor being 1:7-12, heating treatment is adopted in the acid leaching pretreatment, the temperature is controlled at 90 ℃, and the acid leaching time is 2.0h-2.5 h; washing the heavy sand subjected to acid leaching to be neutral, drying, weighing, warehousing, and then performing centralized smelting;
step 6, heavy sand smelting: weighing the heavy sand after acid leaching, adding a smelting slagging flux for smelting, and properly adjusting the addition amount of a solvent according to the fluidity of gold water in the smelting process, wherein 55% of borax, 45% of sodium carbonate and 3% of quartz sand are contained in the solvent; the smelting temperature is 1200 ℃, and the smelting time is 1.5 h; the final smelting product is the alloyed gold, the gold and the silver are 95%, wherein the gold accounts for 80% -85%, and the alloyed gold is sold in the open air.
Further, in the step 1, the large slag is crushed into small blocks by a hammer in advance; the fine crushing equipment is a jaw crusher PEX-100 x 125.
Further, in the step 2, the ore grinding equipment is a cylindrical ball mill XMQ-460 x 600.
Further, in step 3, the shaking table is LYN-1100 x 500; the shaking table feeding system is a stirring tank with the volume of 10L.
Further, in the step 4, the alloyed gold is gold and silver 95%, and is directly used for sale.
Further, in the step 5, the acid leaching pretreatment equipment utilizes a heated acid-resistant stirrer; and after the acid leaching is finished, the color of the heavy sand is 90% of gold and silver, wherein the color of the gold is 75% -80%.
Further, in the step 5, an acid solution with a concentration of 31.35% is prepared according to a ratio of industrial nitric acid to water of 2:1, acid leaching is carried out according to a material-to-liquid ratio of sand weight to acid liquid amount of 1:12, heating treatment is adopted for acid leaching pretreatment, the temperature is controlled at 90 ℃, and the acid leaching time is 2.5 hours.
Further, in the step 6, the heavy sand smelting equipment is a small intermediate frequency furnace with 15KW/1-20 Khz.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
crushing and grinding the gold, then performing table reselection to recover coarse-grained gold, performing acid leaching pretreatment and smelting on heavy sand obtained by reselection to obtain gold alloy for sale, and adding reselected tailings into a full mud cyaniding system to recover residual fine-grained gold, thereby realizing comprehensive recovery of gold in smelting slag; most of the equipment of the method is on-site equipment or systems, so that the investment is low and the operation cost is low; the recovery effect is ideal, and compared with the single table concentrator reselection recovery rate of 53.78% and the full-mud cyanidation recovery rate of 44.54%, the recovery rate of the reselection and cyanidation comprehensive beneficiation method is 98.32%. The method can realize the maximum recovery effect of smelting slag gold on site, obtains the maximum economic benefit, and is a great development trend of treating smelting slag in gold carbon cyanide pulp plants in the future.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
1. Heavy sand acid leaching pretreatment experiment
(1) Verification of existence state of heavy sand impurities and filtering performance of heavy sand
Heavy sand obtained by gravity separation of the gold smelting slag in the gold room of the factory through a table concentrator contains more impurities (see table 1), particularly base metals of Fe, Ni and Cu. Even if the pyrometallurgy is carried out, the gold-containing grade of 72.60 percent is still low, and the gold-containing grade can not meet the gold sale grade requirement. For this reason, pretreatment methods other than the pyrogenic method, such as acid leaching, electrolysis, chlorination, etc., are considered to improve the gold-containing grade of heavy sand. The acid leaching method is taken as the research focus of the test by combining the actual situation on site, thereby providing reference for the subsequent treatment of low-grade heavy sand or alloy gold to reach the gold sales requirement.
TABLE 1 heavy Sand composition analysis before acid leach pretreatment
The existence state (oxide or silicate) of main impurities of iron and nickel in the heavy sand is verified by absorbing the heavy sand by a small magnet, and according to the experimental result, the method comprises the following steps: the existing states of iron and nickel in the heavy sand mainly exist in an oxide form, so that the subsequent acid leaching chemical reaction is facilitated, the filtering performance of the heavy sand is judged through a simple slurry mixing and filtering experiment, and the following steps are performed according to the experimental result: the heavy sand has stronger filterability, and is beneficial to subsequent acid leaching chemical reaction and filtration.
(2) Acid source and acid leaching experimental conditions
Tests are mainly carried out around conditions which can affect acid leaching of heavy sand, such as acid leaching acid concentration, heating reaction temperature, reaction time, acid treatment times, acid liquor amount and heavy sand mass ratio, the experimental conditions are gradually perfected, and finally, suitable conditions for acid leaching of heavy sand are obtained, so that references are provided for the site (see table 2 for details).
1) Acid concentration conditions
The acid concentration has great influence on the acid leaching chemical reaction, and the proper increase of the acid concentration is beneficial to improving the effect of the acid leaching chemical reaction of the heavy sand, but the too high acid concentration increases the volatilization of the acid particularly under the heating condition. Acid liquor (mixed liquor of industrial nitric acid and water stored on site) in a ratio of 1:1 and 2:1 and single nitric acid are adopted for acid concentration in the test to carry out acid concentration condition comparison test. According to the test results: the acid concentration is proper when the acid-liquid ratio is 2:1, and the concentration of the acid liquid after final configuration is 31.35%.
2) Heating reaction temperature conditions
The activity of the reaction substance can be improved by heating, so that the acid leaching chemical reaction rate is improved, and the leaching removal effect of heavy sand impurities is improved. However, the higher the temperature, the greater the volatilization of the acid. The working condition and the field condition of the test equipment are integrated, and the reaction temperature is selected to be 90 ℃.
3) Reaction time and acid leaching times
Compared by acid leaching for 1-2 times, the reaction time is 2.0-2.5 h, and according to the analysis result of the acid solution, the method comprises the following steps: the effect is better when the acid is leached for 1 time and the reaction time is controlled to be 2.5 h.
4) Weight sand to acid liquor ratio
According to the comprehensive comparison of 7 groups of experimental results: the acid liquor amount is properly increased, the pretreatment of the acid leaching of the heavy sand is facilitated, and the acid leaching is finally carried out according to the material liquor ratio of 1: 7-12.
TABLE 2 heavy Sand composition analysis after acid leaching of heavy sands
According to the experimental data, the proper conditions of the experiment for the heavy sand pretreatment by heating and acid leaching of the waste nitric acid are as follows: the acid concentration adopts an acid liquor ratio of 2:1, the heating temperature is 90 ℃, the acid washing times are 1 time, the reaction time is 2.5 hours, and the ratio of the weight sand to the acid liquor is 1: 12.
Because the heavy sand contains impurities and the gold grade is not high, the representativeness of the gold analysis result of the sample is not very strong, and the analysis result is only a factor for judging the experimental effect, so the experimental result is comprehensively judged. According to the weight loss rate before and after heavy sand visual observation and acid leaching pretreatment, and the analysis and test results of heavy sand and acid liquor, the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the gold grade of the heavy sand can be improved by more than 10 percent through acid leaching pretreatment. Leaching rates of various main impurities in heavy sand are as follows: 90% of iron, 91% of nickel and 70% of copper. The higher the impurity content of heavy sand iron and nickel is, the more remarkable the effect of acid leaching pretreatment on improving the gold grade of heavy sand is.
Example 2
Single table gravity test
Smelting slag is recycled through crushing, ore grinding and table reselection, reselected tailings are subjected to cyaniding recycling test, heavy sand is smelted to obtain alloy gold products, and the slag after reselecting heavy sand smelting is recycled in a unified mode when next slag is recycled.
1094.4 kg of slag were treated to obtain 4697 g of heavy sand product. The heavy sand is smelted after adding a flux, and 3863.4 g of gold alloy (gold-containing sample) is obtained, the grade is 726000 g/ton (72.60%), and 5734.29 g of slag is produced, and the grade is 1019.60 g/ton. According to calculation, the slag selected grade before reselection is 4783.01 g/ton, and the reselection recovery rate is 53.78%. The selected grade and the reselection recovery rate of the molten slag before reselection are shown in Table 3 in the calculation process.
TABLE 3 slag entry grade and recovery rate before reselection
Example 3
Single full mud cyanidation recovery test
(1) Test conditions
200 g of solid sample, 1500 g of water, 80 g of activated carbon and 50 ml of 10% sodium cyanide solution.
(2) Test results
The grade of raw ore is 2335.17 g/ton, the grade of tailing solid is 85.09 g/ton, the grade of tail liquid is 0.03 g/ton, and the grade of gold-loaded carbon is 5339.15 g/ton.
(3) Calculation of recovery
The recovery rate was 96.36% based on the amount of solid metal; according to the quantity of the gold-loaded carbon and the metal in the water sample, 97.18% of the full mud cyanidation recovery rate is obtained in the recovery rate (see table 4 for details).
TABLE 4 calculation table of recovery rate of cyanidation of all mud
Example 4
A high-efficiency treatment and recovery method of smelting slag specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing: pre-crushing the smelting slag, namely crushing large slag into small blocks by using a hammer, wherein the pre-crushing granularity is-50 mm; then finely crushing by a jaw crusher PEX-100 x 125, and circularly crushing for many times until the crushing granularity is-3 mm for later use;
step 2, grinding, namely adopting grinding equipment (a cylindrical ball mill XMQ-460 x 600), feeding 30kg of materials each time, wherein the adding ratio of slag to water is 1:1, and grinding time is 45min to obtain an ore pulp material, wherein the target fineness of the ore pulp material is 80% of minus 200 meshes;
and step 3, reselection: 2, loading the ore pulp material obtained in the step 2 into a U-shaped deep groove plastic basin for reselection, wherein reselection equipment is a shaking table LYN-1100 x 500, uniformly feeding the material through a shaking table feeding system (a stirring tank with the volume of 10L), observing the distribution condition of the material on a shaking table bed layer, ensuring that the shaking table reselection effect is normal, and reselecting time is 20 min; repeatedly reselecting the heavy sand for multiple times according to the mud content of the heavy sand, and carefully selecting the gold content of the enriched heavy sand;
step 4, cyaniding the whole mud: the tailings after the gravity separation by the table concentrator are subjected to full-mud cyanidation to recover residual fine-grained gold, and the residual fine-grained gold and the ores fed into the full-mud cyanidation production system are synchronously recovered; absorbing gold-containing pregnant solution leached by all-mud cyanidation by active carbon, and carrying out resolution, electrolysis and smelting on gold-carrying carbon to obtain a final product of gold alloy, wherein the gold alloy is gold alloy with gold and silver accounting for 95 percent and is directly sold for sale;
step 5, heavy sand acid leaching pretreatment: carrying out acid leaching pretreatment on heavy sand subjected to gravity concentration by a table concentrator by using an acid-resistant stirrer with a heating function, reducing the content of base metals and improving the content of gold and silver in the heavy sand, wherein the acid leaching pretreatment utilizes industrial nitric acid stored on site, acid liquor with the concentration of 31.35% is prepared according to the proportion of 2:1 of the industrial nitric acid to water, acid leaching is carried out according to the material-liquor ratio of 1:12 of the weight sand to the acid liquor, heating treatment is adopted in the acid leaching pretreatment, the temperature is controlled at 90 ℃, and the acid leaching time is 2.5 hours; washing the heavy sand subjected to acid leaching to be neutral, drying, weighing, warehousing, and then performing centralized smelting; after the acid leaching is finished, the color of heavy sand is gold and silver 90 percent, wherein the color of gold is 75 to 80 percent;
step 6, heavy sand smelting: weighing the heavy sand after acid leaching, adding a smelting slag-making flux to smelt in a small intermediate frequency furnace at 15KW/1-20Khz, and properly adjusting the addition amount of a solvent according to the fluidity of molten gold in the smelting process, wherein 55% of borax, 45% of sodium carbonate and 3% of quartz sand are contained in the solvent; the smelting temperature is 1200 ℃, and the smelting time is 1.5 h; the final smelting product is the alloy gold, wherein the gold and the silver are 95 percent, the gold accounts for 80 to 85 percent, and the alloy gold is sold in the market.
The recovery rate of the comprehensive ore dressing is 98.32% (see Table 5 in detail)
TABLE 5 comprehensive recovery rate calculation table for "table reselection + cyanidation" combined beneficiation of smelting slag
Example 5
A high-efficiency treatment and recovery method of smelting slag specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing: pre-crushing the smelting slag, namely crushing large slag into small blocks by using a hammer, wherein the pre-crushing granularity is-50 mm; then finely crushing by a jaw crusher PEX-100 x 125, and circularly crushing for many times until the crushing granularity is-3 mm for later use;
step 2, grinding, namely adopting grinding equipment (a cylindrical ball mill XMQ-460 x 600), feeding 30kg of materials each time, wherein the adding ratio of slag to water is 1:1, and grinding time is 45min to obtain an ore pulp material, wherein the target fineness of the ore pulp material is 80% of minus 200 meshes;
and step 3, reselection: 2, loading the ore pulp material obtained in the step 2 into a U-shaped deep groove plastic basin for reselection, wherein reselection equipment is a shaking table LYN-1100 x 500, uniformly feeding the material through a shaking table feeding system (a stirring tank with the volume of 10L), observing the distribution condition of the material on a shaking table bed layer, ensuring that the shaking table reselection effect is normal, and reselecting time is 20 min; repeatedly reselecting the heavy sand for multiple times according to the mud content of the heavy sand, and carefully selecting the gold content of the enriched heavy sand;
step 4, cyaniding the whole mud: the tailings after the gravity separation by the table concentrator are subjected to full-mud cyanidation to recover residual fine-grained gold, and the residual fine-grained gold and the ores fed into the full-mud cyanidation production system are synchronously recovered; absorbing gold-containing pregnant solution leached by all-mud cyanidation by active carbon, and carrying out resolution, electrolysis and smelting on gold-carrying carbon to obtain a final product of gold alloy, wherein the gold alloy is gold alloy with gold and silver accounting for 95 percent and is directly sold for sale;
step 5, heavy sand acid leaching pretreatment: carrying out acid leaching pretreatment on heavy sand subjected to table reselection by using an acid-resistant stirrer with a heating function, reducing the content of base metals, and improving the content of gold and silver in the heavy sand, wherein the acid leaching pretreatment utilizes industrial nitric acid stored on site, acid liquor with the concentration of 31.35% is prepared according to the proportion of 2:1 of the industrial nitric acid to water, acid leaching is carried out according to the material-liquor ratio of 1:7 of the weight sand to the acid liquor, and the acid leaching pretreatment adopts heating treatment, the temperature is controlled at 90 ℃, and the acid leaching time is 2.1 h; washing the heavy sand subjected to acid leaching to be neutral, drying, weighing, warehousing, and then performing centralized smelting; after the acid leaching is finished, the color of heavy sand is gold and silver 90 percent, wherein the color of gold is 75 to 80 percent;
step 6, heavy sand smelting: weighing the heavy sand after acid leaching, adding a smelting slag-making flux to smelt in a small intermediate frequency furnace at 15KW/1-20Khz, and properly adjusting the addition amount of a solvent according to the fluidity of molten gold in the smelting process, wherein 55% of borax, 45% of sodium carbonate and 3% of quartz sand are contained in the solvent; the smelting temperature is 1200 ℃, and the smelting time is 1.5 h; the final smelting product is the alloy gold, wherein the gold and the silver are 95 percent, the gold accounts for 80 to 85 percent, and the alloy gold is sold in the market.
Example 6
A high-efficiency treatment and recovery method of smelting slag specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, crushing: pre-crushing the smelting slag, namely crushing large slag into small blocks by using a hammer, wherein the pre-crushing granularity is-50 mm; then finely crushing by a jaw crusher PEX-100 x 125, and circularly crushing for many times until the crushing granularity is-3 mm for later use;
step 2, grinding, namely adopting grinding equipment (a cylindrical ball mill XMQ-460 x 600), feeding 30kg of materials each time, wherein the adding ratio of slag to water is 1:1, and grinding time is 45min to obtain an ore pulp material, wherein the target fineness of the ore pulp material is 80% of minus 200 meshes;
and step 3, reselection: 2, loading the ore pulp material obtained in the step 2 into a U-shaped deep groove plastic basin for reselection, wherein reselection equipment is a shaking table LYN-1100 x 500, uniformly feeding the material through a shaking table feeding system (a stirring tank with the volume of 10L), observing the distribution condition of the material on a shaking table bed layer, ensuring that the shaking table reselection effect is normal, and reselecting time is 20 min; repeatedly reselecting the heavy sand for multiple times according to the mud content of the heavy sand, and carefully selecting the gold content of the enriched heavy sand;
step 4, cyaniding the whole mud: the tailings after the gravity separation by the table concentrator are subjected to full-mud cyanidation to recover residual fine-grained gold, and the residual fine-grained gold and the ores fed into the full-mud cyanidation production system are synchronously recovered; absorbing gold-containing pregnant solution leached by all-mud cyanidation by active carbon, and carrying out resolution, electrolysis and smelting on gold-carrying carbon to obtain a final product of gold alloy, wherein the gold alloy is gold alloy with gold and silver accounting for 95 percent and is directly sold for sale;
step 5, heavy sand acid leaching pretreatment: carrying out acid leaching pretreatment on heavy sand subjected to table reselection by using an acid-resistant stirrer with a heating function, reducing the content of base metals, and improving the content of gold and silver in the heavy sand, wherein the acid leaching pretreatment utilizes industrial nitric acid stored on site, acid liquor with the concentration of 31.35% is prepared according to the proportion of the industrial nitric acid to water being 2:1, and the acid liquor is prepared according to the weight of the heavy sand: carrying out acid leaching with the material-liquid ratio of 1:7.5, wherein the acid leaching pretreatment adopts heating treatment, the temperature is controlled at 90 ℃, and the acid leaching time is 2.0 h; washing the heavy sand subjected to acid leaching to be neutral, drying, weighing, warehousing, and then performing centralized smelting; after the acid leaching is finished, the color of heavy sand is gold and silver 90 percent, wherein the color of gold is 75 to 80 percent;
step 6, heavy sand smelting: weighing the heavy sand after acid leaching, adding a smelting slag-making flux to smelt in a small intermediate frequency furnace at 15KW/1-20Khz, and properly adjusting the addition amount of a solvent according to the fluidity of molten gold in the smelting process, wherein 55% of borax, 45% of sodium carbonate and 3% of quartz sand are contained in the solvent; the smelting temperature is 1200 ℃, and the smelting time is 1.5 h; the final smelting product is the alloy gold, wherein the gold and the silver are 95 percent, the gold accounts for 80 to 85 percent, and the alloy gold is sold in the market.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. The efficient treatment and recovery method for smelting slag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, crushing: pre-crushing the smelting slag, wherein the pre-crushing granularity is-50 mm; then finely crushing by crushing equipment, and circularly crushing for many times until the crushing granularity is-3 mm for later use;
step 2, grinding, namely adopting grinding equipment, feeding 30kg of materials each time, wherein the adding ratio of the molten slag to the water is 1:1, and grinding for 45min to obtain an ore pulp material, wherein the target fineness of the ore pulp material is 80 percent of minus 200 meshes;
and step 3, reselection: loading the ore pulp material obtained in the step (2) into a U-shaped deep groove plastic basin for reselection, wherein the reselection equipment is a shaking table, uniformly feeding the material through a shaking table feeding system, observing the distribution condition of the material on a bed layer of the shaking table, and ensuring that the reselection effect of the shaking table is normal and the reselection time is 20 min; repeatedly reselecting heavy sand for multiple times according to the mud content of the heavy sand, and carefully selecting the gold content of the enriched heavy sand;
step 4, cyaniding the whole mud: the tailings after the gravity separation by the table concentrator are subjected to full-mud cyanidation to recover residual fine-grained gold, and the residual fine-grained gold and the ores fed into the full-mud cyanidation production system are synchronously recovered; absorbing gold-containing pregnant solution leached by all-mud cyanidation by active carbon, and carrying out resolution, electrolysis and smelting on gold-carrying carbon to obtain a final product of gold alloy;
step 5, heavy sand acid leaching pretreatment: acid leaching pretreatment is carried out on heavy sand subjected to table concentrator reselection, the base metal content is reduced, the gold and silver content of the heavy sand is increased, the acid leaching pretreatment utilizes on-site stored industrial nitric acid, acid liquor with the concentration of 31.35% is prepared according to the proportion of the industrial nitric acid to water being 2:1, and the acid liquor is prepared according to the weight of the heavy sand: carrying out acid leaching with the material-liquid ratio of 1:7-12, wherein the acid leaching pretreatment adopts heating treatment, the temperature is controlled at 90 ℃, and the acid leaching time is 2.0h-2.5 h; washing the heavy sand subjected to acid leaching to be neutral, drying, weighing, warehousing, and then performing centralized smelting;
step 6, heavy sand smelting: weighing the heavy sand after acid leaching, adding a smelting slagging flux for smelting, and properly adjusting the addition amount of a solvent according to the fluidity of gold water in the smelting process, wherein 55% of borax, 45% of sodium carbonate and 3% of quartz sand are contained in the solvent; the smelting temperature is 1200 ℃, and the smelting time is 1.5 h; the final smelting product is the alloy gold, gold and silver 95%, wherein the gold is 80-85%.
2. The method for efficiently treating and recovering the smelting slag according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the slag is crushed into small blocks by a hammer in advance; the fine crushing equipment is a jaw crusher PEX-100 x 125.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the ore grinding device is a cylindrical ball mill XMQ-460 x 600.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 3, the rocking platform is LYN-1100 x 500; the shaking table feeding system is a stirring tank with the volume of 10L.
5. The method for efficiently treating and recovering the smelting slag according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the alloy gold is gold + silver 95% alloy gold which is directly used for sale.
6. The method for the high-efficiency treatment and recovery of smelting slag according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the acid leaching pretreatment device utilizes an acid-proof stirrer with heating; and after the acid leaching is finished, the color of the heavy sand is 90% of gold and silver, wherein the color of the gold is 75% -80%.
7. The method for efficiently treating and recovering the smelting slag according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, acid liquor with the concentration of 31.35% is prepared according to the ratio of industrial nitric acid to water being 2:1, and the weight ratio of the acid liquor to the water is as follows: and (3) carrying out acid leaching with the material-liquid ratio of 1:12, wherein the acid leaching pretreatment adopts heating treatment, the temperature is controlled at 90 ℃, and the acid leaching time is 2.5 h.
8. The method for efficiently treating and recycling the smelting slag according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6, the smelting equipment for smelting the heavy sand is a small intermediate frequency furnace 15KW/1-20 Khz.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102286663A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2011-12-21 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Treatment method of copper-containing gold mud |
| CN102409176A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-04-11 | 山东国大黄金股份有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment process of waste gold-bearing activated carbon |
| CN106222421A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2016-12-14 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Gold mud treatment method |
| CN111235402A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-05 | 苏尼特金曦黄金矿业有限责任公司 | Method for recovering gold from gold smelting slag |
| WO2022062674A1 (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-03-31 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for recycling gold from full-mud cyanide tailings |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102286663A (en) * | 2011-08-19 | 2011-12-21 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Treatment method of copper-containing gold mud |
| CN102409176A (en) * | 2011-11-10 | 2012-04-11 | 山东国大黄金股份有限公司 | Comprehensive treatment process of waste gold-bearing activated carbon |
| CN106222421A (en) * | 2016-08-17 | 2016-12-14 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Gold mud treatment method |
| CN111235402A (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2020-06-05 | 苏尼特金曦黄金矿业有限责任公司 | Method for recovering gold from gold smelting slag |
| WO2022062674A1 (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2022-03-31 | 广东邦普循环科技有限公司 | Method for recycling gold from full-mud cyanide tailings |
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