CN115047463B - Collaborative scanning scheduling method considering radar echo attenuation in rainfall area - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cooperative scanning scheduling method considering radar echo attenuation in a rainfall area, belonging to the technical field of meteorological radars, and comprising the following steps: s1, calculating distances between all schedulable radars and a target according to the longitude and latitude and the height of the target vertically analyzed through cooperative scanning; s2, calculating the maximum reflectance values in all the schedulable radar ranges, and determining the rainfall level of the area according to the maximum reflectance values; s3, judging the optimal vertical analysis radars in the range of all schedulable radars; and S4, calculating the scanning elevation angle of the executing radar, and scheduling the executing radar to scan in the scanning elevation angle range in a vertical profiling scanning mode. The method judges whether the radar is in a rainfall area or not through an algorithm, and comprehensively judges and distributes the radar for executing the collaborative scanning and vertically analyzing the strong convection weather by combining the rainfall intensity of the area where the radar is located and the schedulable X-band radar.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of meteorological radars, in particular to a radar echo attenuation collaborative scanning scheduling method considering a rainfall area.
Background
The weather radar plays an irreplaceable important role in monitoring and early warning of strong weather, and plays a key role in reducing personnel and property loss caused by weather disasters, but most of the collection of radar echo data related to the disastrous weather is based on observation data of the existing service operation radar at present, the scanning strategy is single, and meanwhile, the weather radar is limited by factors such as earth curvature, electromagnetic wave refraction, terrain, observation modes and the like, an observation blind area exists in observation of a near-ground weather process, the monitoring and early warning capability of hazardous weather in a low-altitude area is restricted, and the observation blind area is more common particularly in a complex terrain or a radar station network sparse area; the method comprises the steps of developing multi-weather radar networking cooperative observation, obtaining high-resolution data of a vertical structure of a precipitation system by using a finite-scale observation network through different scanning strategies, and particularly analyzing a disaster type weather formation mechanism.
Many weather radar network deployment are surveyd in coordination, because current business radar scanning strategy is single, but X wave band radar free control scanning carries out cooperative control, X wave band radar is because the wavelength is shorter, the decay coefficient is great, when dispatching X wave band radar and carrying out the scan in coordination and perpendicularly analyze strong convection current weather process, if the X wave band radar of dispatch is regional for the rainfall, scan in coordination and perpendicularly analyze strong convection current weather because the influence of decay, the electromagnetic wave is absorbed completely and can't pierce through the rainfall region, lead to unable echo outside the rainfall region that detects. Therefore, how to solve the problem that the high-spatial-temporal-resolution meteorological structure information on the vertical section of the strong-convection weather cannot be obtained when the X-waveband radar in the rainfall area is scheduled to perform collaborative scanning and vertical analysis on the strong-convection weather is needed to be considered at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a cooperative scanning scheduling method considering radar echo attenuation in a rainfall area, and solves the problem that high-spatial-temporal resolution meteorological structure information on a vertical section of strong convection weather cannot be acquired when the X-waveband radar in the rainfall area is scheduled to perform cooperative scanning and vertical analysis on the strong convection weather.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a collaborative scanning scheduling method considering radar echo attenuation in a rainfall region comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating distances between all schedulable radars and a target according to the longitude and latitude and the height of the target vertically analyzed through cooperative scanning;
s2, calculating the maximum reflectance values in all the schedulable radar ranges, and determining the rainfall level of the area according to the maximum reflectance values;
s3, judging the optimal vertical analysis radars in the range of all schedulable radars;
and S4, calculating the scanning elevation angle of the executing radar, and scheduling the executing radar to scan in the scanning elevation angle range in a vertical profiling scanning mode.
The step of calculating the maximum reflectance values in all the schedulable radar ranges and determining the rainfall level of the area according to the maximum reflectance values comprises the following steps:
s21, acquiring the minimum longitude, the maximum longitude, the minimum latitude and the maximum latitude of the radar jigsaw data, and determining a combined reflectivity networking data range according to the minimum longitude, the maximum longitude, the minimum latitude and the maximum latitude;
s22, determining a square area of each schedulable radar station affecting radar observation by taking the distance N affecting the rainfall range of the radar as a side length by taking each schedulable radar station as a center in the combined reflectivity networking data range;
s23, calculating the longitude and latitude range of the square area object according to the longitude and latitude of each adjustable radar station, and determining the combined reflectivity networking data position corresponding to the square;
and S24, calculating the maximum value of the reflectivity in the square area range of each schedulable radar site, and determining the corresponding rainfall level according to the maximum reflectivity value.
The judging of the optimal vertical analysis radar within the range of all schedulable radars comprises the following steps:
s31, obtaining the distance D between all the schedulable radars and the target according to the calculationiCalculating DiDifference from optimal observation distance DifiWherein i =1 \ 8230, n and n are the total number of the schedulable radars;
s32, corresponding difference Dif of all schedulable radarsiSequencing and judging the rainfall level of the area where each radar station is located;
and S33, if the rainfall level of the area where the current schedulable radar station is located is smaller than the preset level, determining that the current schedulable radar station is a radar executing station, otherwise, judging the rainfall level of the area where the next schedulable radar station is located until the schedulable radar meeting the execution requirement is found or all radar stations are judged.
The calculating an execution radar scan elevation angle and scheduling the execution radar to scan in a vertical profiling scanning mode within a range of scan elevation angles includes: and calculating a relative elevation angle a between the target and the execution radar according to the ground distance and the height between the execution radar and the target by using the pythagorean theorem, setting the scanning mode of the execution radar to be a vertical section scanning mode, setting the scanning elevation angle range to be the lowest elevation angle of 0.5 degrees to a, sending a scanning command to the execution radar, and scanning the execution radar in the scanning elevation angle range.
The step of calculating the distances between all schedulable radars and the target according to the longitude and the latitude and the height of the cooperative scanning vertical analysis target comprises the following steps:
s11, acquiring the longitude and latitude of all the adjustable radar sites and the target, and processing the longitude and latitude of all the adjustable radar sites and the target by taking the 0-degree longitude as a reference;
and S12, calculating the distance between each schedulable radar station and the target according to the processed longitude and latitude position and the target longitude and latitude position.
The step of calculating the latitude and longitude range of the square area object according to the latitude and longitude of each schedulable radar station comprises the following steps:
a1, setting the radar station with adjustable degree as longitude and latitude (long 1, lat 1) and azimuth angle alpha, dividing horizontal translation distance d x sin alpha by current dimensionality tangent plane perimeter 2 pi x arc, multiplying by 360 degrees to obtain horizontal transverse translation degree, and finally adding long1 to obtain longitude value long2 of a certain angle of the square area of the radar station with adjustable degree, namely
Wherein d is the distance between two points, ARC is the average radius of the earth, and ARC is the radius of a sphere on the corresponding latitude circle;
a2, dividing the vertical translation distance d & ltcos & gt alpha & lt by the longitudinal circumference of the earth, multiplying by 360 degrees to obtain the degree of longitudinal translation, and finally adding lat1 to obtain a latitude value lat2 of a certain angle of a square area of the radar station capable of adjusting the degree, namely lat2= lat1+ d & ltcos & gt alpha/[ ARC 2 pi/360 ];
and A3, repeating the steps A1 and A2 to obtain longitude and latitude values of four corners of the square area of each adjustable-degree radar station, and further determining the corresponding longitude and latitude range of each adjustable-degree radar station square.
The determining the combined reflectivity networking data position corresponding to the square comprises:
b1, according to the obtained longitude and latitude range corresponding to each schedulable radar station square and the boundary of the combined reflectivity data, calculating the horizontal and vertical grid serial numbers of the combined reflectivity corresponding to the square by taking a certain corner of the square as a data starting point position;
b2, dividing the square area into grids with resolution such as combined reflectivity, and traversing all corresponding combined reflectivity values in the square area according to the starting sequence number of the starting position of the data.
The invention has the following advantages: a radar echo attenuation collaborative scanning scheduling method considering a rainfall area judges whether a radar is in the rainfall area through an algorithm, and comprehensively judges and distributes the radar for executing collaborative scanning and vertically analyzing strong convection weather by combining the rainfall intensity of the area where the radar is located and a schedulable X-band radar.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a corresponding relationship between a square area and combined reflection networking data;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of latitude and longitude and distance calculations;
FIG. 4 is a simplified diagram of the earth;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the combined reflectivity networking data locations corresponding to squares;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the position of the target and the radar.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided below in connection with the appended drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Due to the fact that the wavelength of the X-band radar is short and the attenuation coefficient of the X-band radar is large, when the X-band radar is scheduled to conduct collaborative scanning and vertical analysis on strong convection weather, if the area where the scheduled X-band radar is located is a rainfall area, electromagnetic waves are completely absorbed and cannot penetrate through the rainfall area due to the attenuation effect of the X-band radar during collaborative scanning and vertical analysis on the strong convection weather, and therefore echoes outside the rainfall area cannot be detected.
Therefore, as shown in fig. 1, the invention relates to a collaborative scanning scheduling method considering radar echo attenuation in a rainfall area, which judges whether a radar is in the rainfall area through an algorithm, and comprehensively judges and allocates the radar for performing collaborative scanning and vertical analysis of strong convection weather by combining the rainfall intensity of the area where the radar is located and a schedulable X-band radar, thereby solving the problem that when the X-band radar in the rainfall area is scheduled to perform collaborative scanning and vertical analysis of the strong convection weather, a high-space-time resolution meteorological structure on a vertical section of the strong convection weather cannot be obtained; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating distances between all schedulable radars and a target according to longitude and latitude and height of the coordinate scanning vertical analysis target;
further, the earth is a nearly standard ellipsoid with an equatorial radius of 6378.140 km, a polar radius of 6356.755 km, and an average radius of 6371.004 km. If we assume that the earth is a perfect sphere, its radius is the average radius of the earth, denoted as R. If the meridian of 0 degree is taken as a reference, the earth surface distance between any two points on the earth surface can be calculated according to the longitude and the latitude of the two points (the error of the earth surface topography on the calculation is ignored here, and is only a theoretical estimation value). If the longitude and latitude of the first point a is (LonA, latA) and the longitude and latitude of the second point B is (LonB, latB), the following formula for calculating the distance between the two points can be obtained according to triangle derivation:
C＝sin(LatA)*sin(LatB)*cos(LonA-LonB)+cos(LatA)*cos(LatB)
Distance＝R*arccos(C)*3.1415926/180
therefore, the Distance between each radar and the target is calculated according to the longitude and latitude positions of the radar station and the longitude and latitude positions of the target according to the formula.
S2, calculating the maximum reflectance values in all the schedulable radar ranges, and determining the rainfall level of the area according to the maximum reflectance values;
further, the minimum longitude of the combined reflectivity networking data (radar tile data) range is minLonPZ, the maximum longitude is maxolonpz, the minimum latitude is minLatPZ, the maximum latitude is maxLatPZ, and radar sites (R1, R2, R3, etc.) can be scheduled. The corresponding relation between the square area with the side length of 2km and the combined reflectivity networking data is obtained by taking a radar as a center, and is shown in figure 2, wherein rainfall in a range of 2km of the radar can seriously affect the observation of the X-band radar, so the maximum value of radar echo data in the range of 2km is obtained.
Further, the method for acquiring the strongest reflectance value in the square area with the side length of 2km by taking the radar station as the center is as follows:
1. acquiring a longitude and latitude range corresponding to the square according to the longitude and latitude of the radar station and the side length of the square;
as shown in fig. 3 and 4, assuming that the azimuth angle is α, the translation distances from the point 1 (long 1, lat 1) to the point 2 (long 2, lat 2) are d × sin α, d × cos α, respectively, as shown below, where north is 0 degrees, where the longitude and latitude (long 1, lat 1) and the distance d of the point 1 are known, and the longitude and latitude (long 2, lat 2) of the point 2 are found. But consider the earth as an ellipsoid, where the average radius of the earth ARC =6371km, ARC is taken as the spherical radius over the corresponding latitude circle.
(1) Calculating the longitude of the second point, namely dividing the distance (d sin alpha) of horizontal translation by the perimeter (2 pi arc) of the current latitude section, multiplying by 360 degrees to know how many degrees the horizontal translation is, and adding Long1 to be the value of Long2, namely
(2) And calculating the latitude of the second point, wherein the latitude of the second point is calculated simply, namely the distance d × cos α of vertical translation is divided by the longitudinal perimeter of the earth, and then multiplied by 360 degrees to know how many degrees the longitudinal translation is carried out, and then added with lat1 to know the value of lat2, and lat2= lat1+ d × cos α/[ ARC 2 π/360]
And calculating the longitude and latitude (long 2, lat 2) of another point by adopting the known longitude and latitude (long 1, lat 1) of one point, the distance d between the two points and the azimuth angle alpha, and acquiring the longitude and latitude range corresponding to the square according to the longitude and latitude of the radar station and the side length information of the square.
2. Determining a combined reflectivity networking data position corresponding to the square;
as shown in fig. 5, R in the figure is an exemplary radar site, a, B, C, and D are square grid points with a side length of 2km and centered on the radar site, and A1, B1, C1, and D1 are squares mapped to the combined reflectivity grid positions.
According to the calculated boundary longitude and latitude and the boundary of the combined reflectivity data of the square, the upper left corner is used as a data starting point, the horizontal grid sequence number and the vertical grid sequence number of the combined reflectivity corresponding to the square are calculated, then the square area is divided into grids with the resolution of the combined reflectivity and the like, and the combined reflectivity values corresponding to all the square areas can be traversed according to the starting point sequence numbers of the upper left corner.
3. Calculating the maximum value MAX of the reflectivity within 2km of the schedulable radar site;
traversing a plurality of combined reflectivity lattice point data within a 2km square range of a radar site, taking out the maximum value (the weight value M stored in a file) of the data, and converting the maximum value into a true value (dBZ); the weight analysis method is as follows:
dBZ＝M*0.5-33
4. determining a rainfall level corresponding to a schedulable radar site;
according to the statistical display of the historical weather process, the following corresponding relationship exists between the rainfall level and the reflectivity value:
and judging the maximum value MAX of the reflectivity within the range of 2km of the schedulable radar station and the maximum value MAX of the reflectivity to obtain the corresponding rainfall level.
S3, judging the optimal vertical analysis radars in the range of all schedulable radars;
further, the optimal observation distance of the target is 20km in cooperation with the vertical analysis, so the radar is subjected to sequencing processing according to the absolute value of the distance.
Adjustable radar-target distance Di(i =1 \ 8230n), n is the total number of the tunable radars, and D is obtainediDifference from optimal observation distance Difi：
Difi＝|Di-20|
Difference Dif corresponding to all schedulable radarsiPerforming ascending arrangement; sequentially judging the rainfall level of the area where the radar sites are located aiming at the radars which are arranged in an ascending order, if the rainfall level of the area where the current radar sites are located is smaller than the heavy rain level (namely the MAX value is larger than 25 DBZ), confirming that the current schedulable radar is an executable radar, and carrying out parameter calculation such as vertical analysis starting and ending elevation angle; otherwise, judging the rainfall level of the next schedulable radar until the radar meeting the executable requirement is found or all the executable radars are judged completely.
And S4, calculating the scanning elevation angle of the executing radar, and scheduling the executing radar to scan in the scanning elevation angle range in a vertical analyzing and scanning mode.
Further, calculating an execution radar scan elevation angle, and scheduling the execution radar to scan in the vertical profiling scanning mode within the scan elevation angle range comprises: and calculating a relative elevation angle a between the target and the execution radar according to the ground distance and the height between the execution radar and the target by using the pythagorean theorem, setting the scanning mode of the execution radar to be a vertical section scanning mode, setting the scanning elevation angle range to be the lowest elevation angle of 0.5 degrees to a, sending a scanning command to the execution radar, and scanning the execution radar in the scanning elevation angle range.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, knowing the ground distance between the execution radar and the target a and the height of the target a, the schematic diagram can obtain the relative elevation angle a, tan (a) = h/m of the target and the execution radar according to the pythagorean theorem.
Let C = tan (a), then a = tan-1And C, modifying the scanning mode of the executing radar into an RHI (vertical profiling) scanning mode, setting the scanning elevation angle from 0.5 DEG to a DEG, and sending a scanning command to the executing radar.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. A radar echo attenuation collaborative scanning scheduling method considering a rainfall region is characterized by comprising the following steps: the cooperative scanning scheduling method comprises the following steps:
s1, calculating distances between all schedulable radars and a target according to longitude and latitude and height of the coordinate scanning vertical analysis target;
s2, calculating a maximum reflectance value of each schedulable radar site in a rainfall range influencing radar observation, and determining the rainfall level of the area where the schedulable radar site is located according to the maximum reflectance value;
s3, judging and selecting the optimal vertical analysis radar in all schedulable radars;
judging and selecting the optimal vertical analysis radar within the range of all schedulable radars comprises the following steps:
s31, obtaining the distances D between all schedulable radars and the target according to calculationiCalculating DiDifference from optimal observation distance DifiWherein i =1 \ 8230, n and n are the total number of the schedulable radars;
s32, comparing the difference Dif corresponding to all schedulable radarsiSequencing and judging the rainfall level of the area where each radar station is located;
s33, if the rainfall level of the area where the current schedulable radar site is located is smaller than a preset level, determining that the current schedulable radar site is the optimal vertical analysis radar, namely executing the radar, otherwise, judging the rainfall level of the area where the next schedulable radar site is located until the schedulable radar meeting the execution requirement is found or all radar sites are judged completely;
and S4, calculating the scanning elevation angle of the executing radar, and scheduling the executing radar to scan in the scanning elevation angle range in a vertical profiling scanning mode.
2. The method for collaborative scanning scheduling considering radar echo attenuation in a rainfall area according to claim 1, wherein: the calculating the maximum reflectance value of each schedulable radar station in the rainfall range affecting radar observation, and determining the rainfall level of the area according to the maximum reflectance value comprises the following steps:
s21, acquiring the minimum longitude, the maximum longitude, the minimum latitude and the maximum latitude of the radar jigsaw data, and determining a combined reflectivity networking data range according to the minimum longitude, the maximum longitude, the minimum latitude and the maximum latitude;
s22, determining a square area of each schedulable radar station affecting radar observation by taking the distance N affecting the rainfall range of the radar as a side length by taking each schedulable radar station as a center in the combined reflectivity networking data range;
s23, calculating the longitude and latitude range of the square area object according to the longitude and latitude of each adjustable radar station, and determining the combined reflectivity networking data position corresponding to the square;
and S24, calculating the maximum value of the combined reflectivity in the square area range corresponding to each schedulable radar, and determining the corresponding rainfall level according to the maximum reflectivity value.
3. The method for coordinated scanning and scheduling considering radar echo attenuation in rainfall areas according to claim 1, wherein: the calculating an execution radar scan elevation, and scheduling the execution radar to scan in a vertical profiling scanning mode over a range of scan elevations includes: calculating the relative elevation angle of the target and the execution radar by the pythagorean theorem according to the ground distance and the height between the execution radar and the targetaSetting the scanning mode of the radar to be vertical section scanning mode and setting the scanning elevation angle range to be 0.5 DEG of the lowest elevation angleaAnd sending a scanning command to the execution radar, and scanning the execution radar in a scanning elevation range.
4. The method for collaborative scanning scheduling considering radar echo attenuation in a rainfall area according to claim 1, wherein: the step of calculating the distances between all schedulable radars and the target according to the longitude and the latitude and the height of the cooperative scanning vertical analysis target comprises the following steps:
s11, acquiring the longitudes and latitudes of all the schedulable radar sites and targets, and processing the longitudes and latitudes of all the schedulable radar sites and the targets by taking the 0-degree longitude as a reference;
and S12, calculating the distance between each schedulable radar station and the target according to the processed schedulable radar station longitude and latitude position and the target longitude and latitude position.
5. The method for coordinated scanning and scheduling considering radar echo attenuation in rainfall areas according to claim 2, wherein: the step of calculating the longitude and latitude range of the square area object according to the longitude and latitude of each adjustable radar station comprises the following steps:
a1, setting the longitude and latitude of the radar station with adjustable degree as (long 1, lat 1), setting the azimuth angle as alpha, dividing the horizontal translation distance d x sin alpha by the perimeter of the current latitude tangent plane, multiplying by 360 degrees to obtain the horizontal transverse translation degree, and finally adding long1 to obtain the longitude value long2 of a certain angle of a square area of the radar station with adjustable degree, namely
Wherein d is the distance between two points and ARC is the mean radius of the earth;
a2, dividing the vertical translation distance d × cos α by the earth longitudinal perimeter, multiplying by 360 ° to obtain the degree of longitudinal translation, and finally adding lat1 to obtain the adjustable degreeLatitude value lat2 of a corner of a square area of a radar site, i.e.
；
And A3, repeating the steps A1 and A2 to obtain longitude and latitude values of four corners of the square area of each adjustable-degree radar station, and further determining the corresponding longitude and latitude range of each adjustable-degree radar station square.
6. The method for collaborative scan scheduling considering radar echo attenuation in a rainfall area according to claim 5, wherein: the determining the combined reflectivity networking data position corresponding to the square comprises:
b1, according to the obtained longitude and latitude range corresponding to each schedulable radar station square and the boundary of the combined reflectivity data, calculating the horizontal and vertical grid serial numbers of the combined reflectivity corresponding to the square by taking a certain corner of the square as a data starting point position;
b2, dividing the square area into grids with resolution such as combined reflectivity and the like, and traversing all corresponding combined reflectivity values in the square area according to the starting point sequence number of the starting point position of the data.
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