CN115045332A - Concrete building block, assembly type gravity retaining wall and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Concrete building block, assembly type gravity retaining wall and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115045332A CN115045332A CN202210587802.1A CN202210587802A CN115045332A CN 115045332 A CN115045332 A CN 115045332A CN 202210587802 A CN202210587802 A CN 202210587802A CN 115045332 A CN115045332 A CN 115045332A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 299
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
- E02D29/0266—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of preformed elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
- E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
- E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
- E02D29/0283—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features of mixed type
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/10—Improving by compacting by watering, draining, de-aerating or blasting, e.g. by installing sand or wick drains
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- Retaining Walls (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a concrete block, an assembled gravity retaining wall and a construction method thereof, wherein the concrete blocks are respectively a full wall surface concrete block, a half wall surface concrete block, a wall body concrete block, a wall back concrete block and a foundation concrete block, and aims to arrange a water drainage pipeline in a wall after the gravity retaining wall is assembled by combining five concrete blocks, so that the construction efficiency of the gravity retaining wall is improved and the masonry workload of the gravity retaining wall is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an underground structure in a fixed building, in particular to a gravity retaining wall.
Background
The retaining wall is used for preventing soil body collapse and maintaining an important building structure with stable soil body, and is widely applied to building engineering, garden engineering, hydraulic engineering, highway engineering, bridge engineering and the like.
The gravity type retaining wall mainly relies on self gravity to balance the soil pressure behind the wall, is used as the retaining wall with the longest development history and the widest application range in China, generally adopts an on-site construction process, and has long time required by the working procedures of formwork erection, cast-in-place, maintenance and the like and great influence on a construction site and the surrounding environment.
The method responds to the national call for developing green buildings, vigorously develops the assembly type buildings, and has the advantages of industrial production, easily controlled product quality, material saving, simple and convenient field construction, effectively shortened construction period, weather influence on construction steps, environmental friendliness and the like.
Patent publication No. CN202110585081.6 provides a rapid Assembly formula retaining wall structure, and it includes that base, the precast concrete steel pipe pile, precast reinforced concrete baffle and the precast reinforced concrete apron that set up the I-steel in the cross-section. The prefabricated concrete steel pipe pile with the I-shaped steel arranged in the cross section is inserted into the foundation slab, and the back of the steel pipe pile is provided with the assembling baffle. After the steel pipe piles and the retaining wall baffle are installed, the prefabricated reinforced concrete cover plate is assembled on the top of the top plate and the top of the steel pipe piles. The parts are prefabricated in advance through a factory and are directly assembled on site, and the site construction period is shortened.
However, the assembled retaining wall in the prior art has a large volume of a single assembled member, which results in a heavy weight, and a high transportation cost for remote areas, and the assembled retaining wall belongs to a cantilever retaining wall, which has a high requirement on the foundation and a low applicability.
In addition, according to the regulation in GB50330-2013 building slope engineering technical Specification, the outward inclination gradient of the drain hole of the retaining wall is not less than 5%. In the conventional assembled gravity type retaining wall, no drain hole is formed as in a novel prefabricated assembled retaining wall disclosed in patent No. CN 201621201115.8; or the drain holes are not provided with gradient like the fabricated concrete box retaining wall and the construction method thereof which are disclosed in the patent No. CN 201910594797.5.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide five concrete blocks for building a gravity retaining wall, which are respectively a full wall concrete block, a half wall concrete block, a wall back concrete block and a foundation concrete block, and aims to realize the assembly of the gravity retaining wall through the combination of the five concrete blocks.
The technical purpose is realized by the following technical schemes:
the utility model provides a concrete block, for full wall concrete block, its characterized in that, includes that a shape is hexahedral wall block, sets up in wall block top surface middle part, run through wall block top surface to bottom surface, be used for the pouring concrete pouring passageway, set up in the wall block preceding, with the wall outlet of pouring passageway intercommunication, set up in the wall block back and with the pouring passageway intercommunication, and the bottom with the relative first vertical bar hole of wall outlet.
The concrete block is a wall concrete block and is characterized by comprising a wall block body, a pouring channel, a second vertical strip-shaped hole and a third vertical strip-shaped hole, wherein the wall block body corresponds to the wall block body in shape, the pouring channel is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the wall block body, runs through the top surface of the wall block body to the bottom surface of the wall block body and is used for pouring concrete, the second vertical strip-shaped hole is arranged in front of the wall block body, is communicated with the pouring channel and corresponds to the first vertical strip-shaped hole of the full wall concrete block body, and the third vertical strip-shaped hole is arranged in the back of the wall block body, is communicated with the pouring channel and corresponds to the second vertical strip-shaped hole in bottom.
The concrete block is a wall back concrete block and is characterized by comprising a wall back block body corresponding to the shape of the wall back block body, a pouring channel which is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the wall back block body, penetrates through the top surface to the bottom surface of the wall back block body and is used for pouring concrete, a fourth vertical strip-shaped hole which is arranged in front of the wall back block body, communicated with the pouring channel and corresponding to the third vertical strip-shaped hole, and a wall back drainage hole which is arranged in the back of the wall back block body, communicated with the pouring channel and opposite to the top of the fourth vertical strip-shaped hole.
A concrete block is a basic concrete block and is characterized by comprising a basic block body corresponding to the shape of the wall block body, a pouring cavity which is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the basic block body and used for bearing poured concrete, and circular positioning holes which are positioned below the pouring cavity and penetrate through the left surface and the right surface of the basic block body.
The concrete building blocks can be improved as follows:
as an improvement, the concrete block further comprises four strip-shaped positioning blocks which are distributed on the bottom surface of the concrete block in a rectangular manner, and strip-shaped positioning grooves which are distributed on the top surface of the concrete block in a rectangular manner and correspond to the strip-shaped positioning blocks;
the strip-shaped positioning grooves are divided into two pairs, the rear side edges of one pair are close to the edge lines of the top surface and the back surface of the concrete block, the rear side edges of the other pair are close to the symmetrical axis of the top surface of the concrete block, and the symmetrical axis is parallel to the edge lines.
As a further improvement, the pouring device also comprises pouring holes which are distributed in a rectangular shape around the pouring channel or the pouring cavity and penetrate through the top surface and the bottom surface of the concrete building block.
In addition, in order to achieve the above technical purpose, the following technical solutions are also needed:
a concrete block is a half-wall concrete block, and is characterized in that the half-wall concrete block is formed by vertically sectioning the full-wall concrete block along a symmetrical axis on the top surface of the full-wall concrete block, wherein the symmetrical axis is parallel to the intersecting ridge line of the top surface and the back surface, and then taking the part of a wall surface drainage hole.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide an assembled gravity retaining wall, which aims to arrange a water drainage pipeline in the wall after the gravity retaining wall is assembled by combining five concrete building blocks.
The technical purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
an assembled gravity retaining wall is characterized in that a wall surface is formed by alternately building full-wall concrete blocks and half-wall concrete blocks, the wall body is formed by building wall concrete blocks layer by layer, a wall back is formed by building wall back concrete blocks in a step mode, a wall bottom is formed by building foundation concrete blocks after penetrating through circular positioning holes through positioning long rods, and concrete is poured into a pouring channel and a pouring cavity; and the number of the first and second groups,
and a pipe orifice at one end of the water drainage pipe is arranged at the position of the wall back drainage hole, and after a pipe body of the water drainage pipe passes through the first vertical strip-shaped hole, the second strip-shaped holes and the third strip-shaped holes of all the wall body concrete building blocks and the fourth strip-shaped hole of the wall back concrete building block, the pipe orifice at the other end of the water drainage pipe is arranged at the position of the wall back drainage hole.
The technical scheme can be improved as follows:
as an improvement, the long positioning rod is in interference fit with the prototype positioning hole, every two vertical concrete blocks are positioned by matching the strip-shaped positioning groove with the strip-shaped positioning block, so that a pouring hole in each concrete block is vertically communicated, and concrete is poured after reinforcing steel bars or I-shaped steel bars are arranged in the pouring hole.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a construction method of an assembled gravity retaining wall, which aims to improve construction efficiency and reduce masonry amount by arranging the order of building concrete blocks.
The technical purpose is realized by the following technical scheme:
a construction method for constructing the assembly-type gravity retaining wall, comprising the steps of:
step one, determining the size of an assembly type gravity retaining wall, laying foundation concrete blocks corresponding to the size on the ground, and penetrating each row of foundation concrete blocks through a circular positioning hole through a positioning long rod;
step two, laying a layer of half wall concrete blocks, a layer of wall concrete blocks and a layer of wall back concrete blocks on the foundation concrete blocks, wherein:
the strip-shaped positioning block on the bottom surface of each half of the wall concrete building block is joggled with the strip-shaped positioning groove at the symmetrical axis of the top surface of the corresponding basic concrete building block;
two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves on the bottom surface of each wall concrete block and each wall back concrete block are respectively joggled with the respective strip-shaped positioning grooves of the two foundation concrete blocks, and the wall back concrete blocks and the foundation concrete blocks form a ladder;
step three, laying a layer of full wall surface concrete building blocks, a layer of wall body concrete building blocks and a layer of wall back concrete building blocks, wherein:
two pairs of strip-shaped positioning blocks at the bottom surface of each full wall concrete block are respectively joggled with the strip-shaped positioning grooves of the lower half wall concrete block and the wall concrete block;
the two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves on the bottom surface of each wall concrete block are respectively joggled with the respective strip-shaped positioning grooves of the two wall concrete blocks at the lower layer;
the two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves on the bottom surface of each wall back concrete block are respectively joggled with the respective strip-shaped positioning grooves of the wall body concrete block and the wall back concrete block at the lower layer;
fourthly, laying a layer of semi-wall concrete blocks, a layer of wall concrete blocks and a layer of wall back concrete blocks, wherein:
the strip-shaped positioning block at the bottom surface of each half wall surface concrete building block is joggled with the strip-shaped positioning groove at the symmetrical axis of the top surface of the lower layer corresponding to the full wall surface concrete building block;
two pairs of strip-shaped positioning blocks on the bottom surface of each wall concrete block adjacent to the half wall concrete block are respectively joggled with the strip-shaped positioning grooves of the full wall concrete block and the wall concrete block on the lower layer;
two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves on the bottom surfaces of other wall concrete building blocks are respectively joggled with the strip-shaped positioning grooves of the two lower-layer wall concrete building blocks;
the two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves on the bottom surface of each wall back concrete building block are respectively joggled with the respective strip-shaped positioning grooves of the wall body concrete building block and the wall back concrete building block on the lower layer;
step five, the step three to the step four are circulated until the retaining wall is built to the size;
inserting drain pipes into part of the wall surface drain holes to penetrate through the wall concrete building blocks and then extending out of the corresponding wall back drain holes, and plugging the wall surface drain holes without the drain pipes and the corresponding wall back drain holes;
and step seven, pouring concrete into the pouring channel of the topmost concrete block, and pouring concrete after inserting the reinforcing steel bars or I-shaped steel bars into the pouring holes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) except for the half-wall concrete blocks, other concrete blocks are hexahedrons with uniform sizes, so that the large-scale production, transportation and assembly are facilitated;
(2) the pouring channel of each layer is partially communicated with the pouring channels of the upper layer and the lower layer, so that when concrete is poured into the wall, the concrete can sink into the pouring cavity on the foundation concrete building block;
(3) the retaining wall body is constructed in an assembly mode, and then concrete is poured into the wall body, so that the construction efficiency is improved, and the masonry amount is reduced;
(4) in the concrete blocks on the same layer, the wall surface water drainage holes are opposite to the bottoms of the strip-shaped holes of the concrete blocks, and the wall back water drainage holes are opposite to the tops of the strip-shaped holes of the concrete blocks, so that the water drainage pipe can penetrate through the strip-shaped holes of the concrete blocks to reach the wall back water drainage holes after being inserted into the wall surface water drainage holes, and further has a slope, and the design requirement of side slope drainage recommended by the standard is met.
Drawings
In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a full-wall concrete block;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a full-wall concrete block from another viewing angle;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the process of cutting a full wall concrete block into a half wall concrete block;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a concrete block for a wall;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a concrete block for a wall at another viewing angle;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a concrete block for wall back;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a concrete block for wall back at another viewing angle;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a basic concrete block;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an assembled gravity retaining wall;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view after laying a foundation concrete block;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a layer of half wall concrete blocks, wall concrete blocks and wall back concrete blocks;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a layer of full wall concrete blocks, wall concrete blocks and wall back concrete blocks laid on the basis of FIG. 11;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a layer of half wall concrete blocks, wall concrete blocks and wall back concrete blocks laid on the foundation of FIG. 12;
fig. 14 is a perspective view of an assembled gravity retaining wall.
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the corresponding numbering of the components and/or features found in the drawings is provided as follows:
1. building a full wall concrete block; 100. wall blocks; 101. a wall surface water drainage hole; 102. a first vertical strip-shaped hole; 2. semi-wall concrete building blocks; 3. building wall concrete blocks; 300. wall block bodies; 301. a second vertical strip-shaped hole; 302. a third vertical strip-shaped hole; 4. building blocks of wall back concrete; 400. a wall back block; 401. a fourth vertical strip-shaped hole; 402. a wall back drainage hole; 5. building a foundation concrete block; 500. a foundation block; 501. a pouring cavity; 502. a circular positioning hole; 6. a pouring channel; 7. a strip-shaped positioning block; 8. a strip-shaped positioning groove; 9. an axis of symmetry; 10. a perfusion hole; 11. a drain pipe; 12. positioning a long rod;
it should be understood that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. It is obvious that the above-mentioned figures are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, without inventive effort, further figures can be obtained with reference to these figures.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be noted that if directional indications (such as upper, lower, left, right, front, rear, top, bottom, inner, outer, vertical, transverse, longitudinal, counterclockwise, clockwise, circumferential, radial, axial … …) are referred to in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are only used for explaining the relative position relationship, movement and the like of the components in a specific posture (as shown in the attached drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
Example one
The embodiment provides a concrete block as a full wall concrete block 1, as shown in fig. 1, the full wall concrete block 1 has a main body of a hexahedral wall block 100, a pouring channel 6 for pouring concrete is opened in the middle of the top surface of the wall block 100, and as shown in fig. 2, it can be seen that the pouring channel 6 penetrates through the top surface and the bottom surface of the wall block 100.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, a wall drainage hole 101 communicated with the pouring channel 6 is formed in the front of the wall block 100, a first vertical strip-shaped hole 102 communicated with the pouring channel 6 is formed in the back of the wall block 100, and the bottom of the first vertical strip-shaped hole 102 is opposite to the wall drainage hole 101. In the wall block 100 there are also provided pouring holes 10 through its top and bottom surfaces, which pouring holes 10 are distributed rectangularly around the pouring channel 6.
The bottom surface of the wall block 100 is also provided with four bar-shaped positioning blocks 7 which are distributed in a rectangular shape, the top surface is provided with bar-shaped positioning grooves 8 corresponding to the bar-shaped positioning blocks 7, wherein the bar-shaped positioning grooves 8 are divided into two pairs, the rear side edges of one pair are close to the ridge lines which are intersected with the top surface and the back surface of the wall block 100, the rear side edges of the other pair are close to the symmetrical axis 9 which is positioned on the top surface of the wall block 100, and the symmetrical axis 9 is parallel to the ridge lines.
Example two
The embodiment provides a concrete block as a half wall concrete block 2, as shown in fig. 3, the half wall concrete block 2 is obtained by vertically cutting a full wall concrete block 1 in the first embodiment along a symmetrical axis 9 on the top surface of the full wall concrete block, which is parallel to the intersecting ridge line of the top surface and the back surface, and taking the part of a wall surface drainage hole 101.
EXAMPLE III
The present embodiment provides a concrete block as a wall concrete block 3, as shown in fig. 4, and as shown in fig. 4, the main body of the wall concrete block 3, i.e., the wall block 300, is similar to the wall block 100 in the first embodiment in shape, the middle of the top surface of the wall block 300 is provided with a pouring channel 6 for pouring concrete, as shown in fig. 5, it can be seen that the pouring channel 6 penetrates through the top surface and the bottom surface of the wall block 300.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the front and the back of the wall block 300 are respectively provided with a second vertical bar-shaped hole 301 and a third vertical bar-shaped hole 302 communicating with the pouring channel 6, the third vertical bar-shaped hole 302 corresponds to the second vertical bar-shaped hole 301, and the second vertical bar-shaped hole 301 corresponds to the first vertical bar-shaped hole 102 of the full-wall concrete block 1 in the first embodiment. In the wall block 300, there are also provided pouring holes 10 through the top and bottom surfaces thereof, the pouring holes 10 being distributed rectangularly around the pouring channel 6.
The bottom surface of wall body block 300 still is provided with four bar locating pieces 7 that the rectangle distributes, and the top surface sets up the bar constant head tank 8 corresponding with bar locating piece 7, and wherein, bar constant head tank 8 divide into two pairs, and the crossing crest line in wall body block 300 top surface and back is pressed close to the rear edge of a pair, and the symmetry axis 9 that lies in wall body block 300 top surface is pressed close to the rear edge of another pair, and symmetry axis 9 is on a parallel with the crest line.
Example four
The present embodiment provides a concrete block as a wall back concrete block 4, as shown in fig. 6, the main body of the wall back concrete block 4, i.e. the wall back block 400, is similar to the wall block 100 in the first embodiment in shape, the middle of the top surface of the wall back block 400 is provided with a pouring channel 6 for pouring concrete, as shown in fig. 7, it can be seen that the pouring channel 6 penetrates through the top surface and the bottom surface of the wall back block 400.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a back wall weep hole 402 communicated with the pouring channel 6 is formed in the back surface of the back wall block 400, a fourth vertical strip-shaped hole 401 is formed in the front surface of the back wall block 400, and the top of the fourth vertical strip-shaped hole 401 is opposite to the back wall weep hole 402 and is communicated with the pouring channel 6. In the wall back block 400, there are also provided pouring holes 10 through its top and bottom surfaces, the pouring holes 10 being distributed rectangularly around the pouring channel 6.
The bottom surface of the wall back block body 400 is also provided with four bar-shaped positioning blocks 7 which are distributed in a rectangular shape, the top surface is provided with bar-shaped positioning grooves 8 corresponding to the bar-shaped positioning blocks 7, wherein the bar-shaped positioning grooves 8 are divided into two pairs, the back side edges of one pair are close to the top surface and the back surface of the wall back block body 400, the back side edges of the other pair are close to the symmetrical axis 9 on the top surface of the wall back block body 400, and the symmetrical axis 9 is parallel to the edge line.
EXAMPLE five
In this embodiment, a concrete block is provided as the basic concrete block 5, as shown in fig. 8, a main body of the basic concrete block 5, i.e., a basic block 500, is similar to the wall block 100 in the first embodiment in shape, a pouring cavity 501 for bearing poured concrete is opened in the middle of the top surface of the basic block 500, and a circular positioning hole 502 penetrating through the left and right surfaces of the basic block 500 is provided below the pouring cavity 501.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, in the foundation block 500, there are also provided pouring holes 10 penetrating the top and bottom surfaces thereof, the pouring holes 10 being rectangularly distributed around the pouring chamber 501. The bottom surface of the basic block body 500 is further provided with four bar-shaped positioning blocks 7 which are distributed in a rectangular mode, the top surface is provided with bar-shaped positioning grooves 8 corresponding to the bar-shaped positioning blocks 7, the bar-shaped positioning grooves 8 are divided into two pairs, the rear side edges of one pair are close to the ridge lines which are intersected with the top surface and the back surface of the basic block body 500, the rear side edges of the other pair are close to the symmetrical axis 9 which is located on the top surface of the basic block body 500, and the symmetrical axis 9 is parallel to the ridge lines.
EXAMPLE six
The present embodiment provides an assembled gravity type retaining wall constructed by concrete blocks of the first to fifth embodiments, as shown in fig. 9.
Specifically, the wall surface is formed by alternately building full-wall concrete blocks 1 and half-wall concrete blocks 2, the wall body is formed by building wall concrete blocks 3 layer by layer, the wall back is formed by building wall back concrete blocks 4 in a stepped mode, and the wall bottom is formed by building foundation concrete blocks 5 after penetrating through circular positioning holes 502 through positioning long rods 12. The long positioning rod 12 is in interference fit with the prototype positioning hole, and concrete is poured into the pouring channel 6 and the pouring cavity 501. And each two vertical concrete blocks are positioned by matching the strip positioning grooves 8 and the strip positioning blocks 7, so that the pouring holes 10 in each concrete block are vertically communicated, and concrete is poured after reinforcing steel bars or I-shaped steel bars are arranged in the pouring holes 10.
The water drainage pipe 11 is further arranged, the pipe orifice of one end of the water drainage pipe 11 is arranged at the position of the wall surface water drainage hole 101, the pipe body of the water drainage pipe 11 passes through the first vertical bar-shaped hole 102, the second bar-shaped holes and the third bar-shaped holes of all the wall body concrete building blocks 3 and the fourth bar-shaped hole of the wall back concrete building block 4, and the pipe orifice of the other end of the water drainage pipe 11 is arranged at the position of the wall back water drainage hole 402.
In the concrete blocks on the same layer, the wall surface water drainage holes 101 are opposite to the bottoms of the strip-shaped holes of the concrete blocks, and the wall back water drainage holes 402 are opposite to the tops of the strip-shaped holes of the concrete blocks, so that the water drainage pipe 11 can penetrate through the strip-shaped holes of the concrete blocks to reach the wall back water drainage holes 402 after being inserted into the wall surface water drainage holes 101, and further the water drainage pipe 11 has a slope, thereby meeting the design requirement of side slope drainage recommended by the standard.
EXAMPLE seven
The present embodiment provides a construction method for constructing an assembly type gravity retaining wall of the sixth embodiment, including the steps of:
step one, determining the size of the assembled gravity retaining wall, laying foundation concrete blocks 5 with corresponding sizes on the ground, as shown in fig. 10, wherein each row of foundation concrete blocks 5 penetrates through a circular positioning hole 502 through a long positioning rod 12.
And step two, laying a layer of semi-wall concrete blocks 2, a layer of wall concrete blocks 3 and a layer of wall back concrete blocks 4 on the foundation concrete blocks 5.
Specifically, the strip-shaped positioning block 7 at the bottom surface of each half wall concrete block 2 is joggled with the strip-shaped positioning groove 8 at the symmetrical axis 9 of the top surface of the corresponding foundation concrete block 5; two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves 8 on the bottom surface of each wall concrete block 3 and each wall back concrete block 4 are respectively joggled with the respective strip-shaped positioning grooves 8 of the two foundation concrete blocks 5, and the wall back concrete blocks 4 and the foundation concrete blocks 5 form a ladder, as shown in figure 11.
And step three, laying a layer of full wall surface concrete blocks 1, a layer of wall body concrete blocks 3 and a layer of wall back concrete blocks 4.
Specifically, two pairs of strip-shaped positioning blocks 7 on the bottom surface of each full wall concrete block 1 are respectively joggled with the strip-shaped positioning grooves 8 of the lower half wall concrete block 2 and the wall concrete block 3; the two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves 8 on the bottom surface of each wall concrete block 3 are respectively joggled with the respective strip-shaped positioning grooves 8 of the two lower-layer wall concrete blocks 3; two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves 8 on the bottom surface of each wall back concrete block 4 are respectively joggled with the strip-shaped positioning grooves 8 of the wall concrete block 3 and the wall back concrete block 4 at the lower layer, as shown in figure 12.
And fourthly, laying a layer of semi-wall concrete blocks 2, a layer of wall concrete blocks 3 and a layer of wall back concrete blocks 4.
Specifically, the strip-shaped positioning block 7 at the bottom surface of each half wall concrete block 2 is joggled with the strip-shaped positioning groove 8 at the symmetrical axis 9 of the top surface of the lower layer corresponding to the full wall concrete block 1; two pairs of strip-shaped positioning blocks 7 on the bottom surface of each wall concrete block 3 adjacent to the half wall concrete block 2 are respectively joggled with the strip-shaped positioning grooves 8 of the full wall concrete block 1 and the wall concrete block 3 on the lower layer; the two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves 8 on the bottom surfaces of the other wall concrete building blocks 3 are respectively joggled with the respective strip-shaped positioning grooves 8 of the two wall concrete building blocks 3 on the lower layer; the two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves 8 on the bottom surface of each wall back concrete block 4 are respectively joggled with the respective strip-shaped positioning grooves 8 of the wall body concrete block 3 and the wall back concrete block 4 at the lower layer, as shown in figure 13.
And step five, the step three to the step four are circulated until the retaining wall is built to the size, as shown in fig. 14.
Step six, inserting the drain pipe 11 into a part of the wall surface drain hole 101 to penetrate through the wall concrete building block 3 and then extending out of the corresponding wall back drain hole 402, as shown in fig. 9 and 14, and simultaneously plugging the wall surface drain hole 101 without the drain pipe 11 and the corresponding wall back drain hole 402.
And seventhly, pouring concrete into the pouring channel 6 of the top concrete building block, and pouring concrete after the reinforcing steel bars or the I-shaped steel bars are inserted into the pouring holes 10.
The present invention has been described in detail, and the principle and the embodiments of the present invention are explained in detail by using specific examples, and the descriptions of the above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present application and the core idea thereof, and the content of the present specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a concrete block, for full wall concrete block, its characterized in that, includes that a shape is hexahedral wall block, sets up in wall block top surface middle part, run through wall block top surface to bottom surface, be used for the pouring concrete pouring passageway, set up in the wall block preceding, with the wall outlet of pouring passageway intercommunication, set up in the wall block back and with the pouring passageway intercommunication, and the bottom with the relative first vertical bar hole of wall outlet.
2. A concrete block is a wall concrete block and is characterized by comprising a wall block body corresponding to the shape of the wall block body of the full wall concrete block in claim 1, a pouring channel which is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the wall block body and penetrates through the top surface to the bottom surface of the wall block body and is used for pouring concrete, a second vertical strip-shaped hole which is arranged in front of the wall block body, communicated with the pouring channel and corresponding to the first vertical strip-shaped hole of the full wall concrete block body, and a third vertical strip-shaped hole which is arranged in the back of the wall block body, communicated with the pouring channel and corresponding to the second vertical strip-shaped hole at the bottom.
3. A concrete block is a wall back concrete block and is characterized by comprising a wall back block body corresponding to the shape of the wall block body of the full wall face concrete block in claim 1, a pouring channel which is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the wall back block body and penetrates through the top surface to the bottom surface of the wall back block body and is used for pouring concrete, a fourth vertical strip-shaped hole which is arranged in front of the wall back block body, communicated with the pouring channel and corresponding to the third vertical strip-shaped hole, and a wall back water drainage hole which is arranged in the back of the wall back block body, communicated with the pouring channel and opposite to the top of the fourth vertical strip-shaped hole.
4. A concrete block is a basic concrete block and is characterized by comprising a basic block corresponding to the shape of the wall block of the full-wall concrete block in claim 1, a pouring cavity which is arranged in the middle of the top surface of the basic block and used for bearing pouring concrete, and circular positioning holes which are positioned below the pouring cavity and penetrate through the left surface and the right surface of the basic block.
5. The concrete block according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising four strip-shaped positioning blocks which are distributed on the bottom surface of the concrete block in a rectangular manner and strip-shaped positioning grooves which are distributed on the top surface of the concrete block in a rectangular manner and correspond to the strip-shaped positioning blocks;
the strip-shaped positioning grooves are divided into two pairs, the rear side edges of one pair are close to the edge lines of the top surface and the back surface of the concrete block, the rear side edges of the other pair are close to the symmetrical axis of the top surface of the concrete block, and the symmetrical axis is parallel to the edge lines.
6. The concrete block of claim 5, further comprising pouring holes distributed rectangularly around said pouring channel or said pouring cavity and extending through the top and bottom surfaces of said concrete block.
7. A concrete block is a half-wall concrete block, and is characterized in that the half-wall concrete block is a full-wall concrete block in the concrete blocks of any one of claims 1, 5 or 6, and after being vertically cut along a symmetrical axis on the top surface of the full-wall concrete block, which is parallel to the intersecting ridge line of the top surface and the back surface, the part of the wall surface where a water drainage hole is located is taken.
8. An assembled gravity retaining wall, characterized in that the wall surface is constructed by alternately building the full-wall concrete blocks of claim 1, 5 or 6 and the half-wall concrete blocks of claim 7, the wall body is constructed by building the wall concrete blocks of claim 2, 5 or 6 layer by layer, the wall back is constructed by building the wall back concrete blocks of claim 3, 5 or 6 in a stepped manner, the wall bottom is constructed by building the foundation concrete blocks of claim 4, 5 or 6 after penetrating through the circular positioning holes by the positioning long rods, and the pouring channels and the pouring cavities are filled with concrete; and the number of the first and second groups,
and a pipe orifice at one end of the water drainage pipe is arranged at the position of the wall back drainage hole, and after a pipe body of the water drainage pipe passes through the first vertical strip-shaped hole, the second strip-shaped holes and the third strip-shaped holes of all the wall body concrete building blocks and the fourth strip-shaped hole of the wall back concrete building block, the pipe orifice at the other end of the water drainage pipe is arranged at the position of the wall back drainage hole.
9. An assembled gravity retaining wall according to claim 8, wherein the wall surface is constructed by alternately constructing the full-wall concrete blocks of claim 6 and the half-wall concrete blocks of claim 7, the wall body is constructed by constructing the wall concrete blocks of claim 6 layer by layer, the wall back is constructed by constructing the wall back concrete blocks of claim 6 in a stepped manner, the wall bottom is constructed by constructing the foundation concrete blocks of claim 6 through the circular positioning holes by the positioning long rods, the positioning long rods are in interference fit with the prototype positioning holes, each two vertical concrete blocks are positioned by the matching of the strip-shaped positioning grooves and the strip-shaped positioning blocks, the filling holes in each concrete block are vertically penetrated, and the concrete is filled after arranging the steel bars or the i-shaped steel bars in the filling holes.
10. A construction method for constructing an assembled gravity retaining wall according to claim 9, comprising the steps of:
step one, determining the size of an assembly type gravity retaining wall, laying foundation concrete blocks corresponding to the size on the ground, and penetrating each row of foundation concrete blocks through a circular positioning hole through a positioning long rod;
step two, laying a layer of semi-wall concrete blocks, a layer of wall concrete blocks and a layer of wall back concrete blocks on the foundation concrete blocks, wherein:
the strip-shaped positioning block on the bottom surface of each half of the wall concrete building block is joggled with the strip-shaped positioning groove at the symmetrical axis of the top surface of the corresponding basic concrete building block;
two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves on the bottom surface of each wall concrete block and each wall back concrete block are respectively joggled with the respective strip-shaped positioning grooves of the two foundation concrete blocks, and the wall back concrete blocks and the foundation concrete blocks form a ladder;
step three, laying a layer of full wall surface concrete building blocks, a layer of wall body concrete building blocks and a layer of wall back concrete building blocks, wherein:
two pairs of strip-shaped positioning blocks at the bottom surface of each full wall concrete block are respectively joggled with the strip-shaped positioning grooves of the lower half wall concrete block and the wall concrete block;
the two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves on the bottom surface of each wall concrete block are respectively joggled with the respective strip-shaped positioning grooves of the two wall concrete blocks at the lower layer;
the two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves on the bottom surface of each wall back concrete block are respectively joggled with the respective strip-shaped positioning grooves of the wall body concrete block and the wall back concrete block at the lower layer;
fourthly, laying a layer of semi-wall concrete blocks, a layer of wall concrete blocks and a layer of wall back concrete blocks, wherein:
the strip-shaped positioning block on the bottom surface of each half wall surface concrete building block is joggled with the strip-shaped positioning groove at the symmetrical axis of the top surface of the lower layer corresponding to the full wall surface concrete building block;
two pairs of strip-shaped positioning blocks on the bottom surface of each wall concrete block adjacent to the half wall concrete block are respectively joggled with the strip-shaped positioning grooves of the full wall concrete block and the wall concrete block on the lower layer;
two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves on the bottom surfaces of other wall concrete building blocks are respectively joggled with the strip-shaped positioning grooves of the two lower-layer wall concrete building blocks;
the two pairs of strip-shaped positioning grooves on the bottom surface of each wall back concrete block are respectively joggled with the respective strip-shaped positioning grooves of the wall body concrete block and the wall back concrete block at the lower layer;
step five, the step three to the step four are circulated until the retaining wall is built to the size;
inserting a drain pipe into a part of the wall surface drainage holes to penetrate through the wall body concrete building blocks and then extending out of the corresponding wall back drainage holes, and plugging the wall surface drainage holes without the drain pipes and the corresponding wall back drainage holes;
and step seven, pouring concrete into the pouring channel of the topmost concrete block, and pouring concrete after inserting the reinforcing steel bars or I-shaped steel bars into the pouring holes.
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