CN115044346A - Sealing material, preparation method thereof and solar cell module - Google Patents

Sealing material, preparation method thereof and solar cell module Download PDF

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CN115044346A
CN115044346A CN202210774563.0A CN202210774563A CN115044346A CN 115044346 A CN115044346 A CN 115044346A CN 202210774563 A CN202210774563 A CN 202210774563A CN 115044346 A CN115044346 A CN 115044346A
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sealing material
parts
mixing
sealing
silane
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CN115044346B (en
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龚道仁
郭琦
刘辉
安小明
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Anhui Huasheng New Energy Technology Co ltd
Cgn Beijing New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Anhui Huasheng New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J183/00—Adhesives based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon, with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09J183/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02—Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/06—Non-macromolecular additives organic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00—Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/08—Macromolecular additives
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/14—Gas barrier composition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
    • C08L2203/204—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in solar cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J2203/00—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils
    • C09J2203/322—Applications of adhesives in processes or use of adhesives in the form of films or foils for the production of solar panels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sealing materials, and particularly relates to a sealing material, a preparation method thereof and a solar cell module. The sealing material provided by the invention can effectively solve the problems that the water vapor permeability is large and the sealing material cannot be bonded with the frame of the aluminum profile through the matching of the components, and can simultaneously take the sealing performance and the mechanical performance into consideration. Particularly, by adding the modified olefin polymer and the water-absorbent resin with specific structures, the delamination of the edge sealant caused by the erosion of the battery assembly by humid and hot water vapor can be effectively prevented, the problem that the battery piece is corroded by the invasion of the edge water vapor is solved, and the edge sealing packaging requirement is well met; meanwhile, the purpose of bonding the aluminum profile frame and the glass can be well achieved by adding the coupling agent, the mechanical load requirement of the photovoltaic module is met, and the slippage of the module laminating piece and the frame is effectively prevented.

Description

Sealing material, preparation method thereof and solar cell module
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sealing materials, and particularly relates to a sealing material, a preparation method thereof and a solar cell module.
Background
Forms of clean energy that have been developed and utilized include solar energy, wind energy, biological energy, water energy, geothermal energy, hydrogen energy, and the like. The solar energy and the wind energy are favored by a plurality of energy high-tech enterprises because the harm to the environment is minimum in the development process, and are rapidly developing.
Photovoltaic technology is one of the main technical routes for solar energy development, and the most important component for photovoltaic power generation is a solar cell, which is a device for directly converting light energy into electric energy through a photoelectric effect or a photochemical effect. The core component of the solar cell is a silicon wafer, in order to ensure the photoelectric efficiency and the service life of the silicon wafer, the silicon wafer is industrially sealed and cured to form a photovoltaic module, and an aluminum frame, a bus line, a junction box and the like of the photovoltaic module are bonded and sealed by adopting special sealing adhesives, so that water, oxygen and the like in the air are prevented from entering.
At present, the main packaging modes of the mainstream photovoltaic module comprise single-glass packaging and double-glass packaging, and no matter the single-glass packaging or the double-glass packaging is adopted, the edge of the module adopts single-component silicon rubber as an edge sealing material, but the water vapor transmission rate of the single-component silicon rubber is larger (40-50 g/m) 2 D), the water vapor blocking performance is poor, and the application requirement of the photovoltaic module for 25-30 years outdoors is difficult to meet.
With the gradual application of high-efficiency battery pieces such as heterojunction batteries, perovskite batteries and the like, higher requirements are put forward on the sealing property. Because the high-efficiency battery piece is made of special coating materials and is more sensitive to water vapor, the existing single-component silicon rubber can not meet the packaging requirement. At present, butyl rubber is applied to packaging of battery pieces through excellent water vapor barrier performance, but the butyl rubber is poor in adhesion with aluminum profile frames, can only be coated on the edges of glass, is difficult to consider sealing performance and mechanical performance at the same time, and causes complex process, so that the manufacturing cost is greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to overcome the defects that in the prior art, the water vapor transmittance of single-component silicone rubber is large, the adhesion between butyl rubber and an aluminum profile frame is poor, the sealing performance and the mechanical performance are difficult to be considered simultaneously, the process is complex, the cost is increased and the like, and thus the sealing material, the preparation method thereof and the solar cell module are provided.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a sealing material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100 parts of organic siloxane polymer; 60-120 parts of reinforcing filler; 20-45 parts of water-absorbing resin; 10-15 parts of modified olefin polymer; 0.5-5 parts of a coupling agent; 5-20 parts of a cross-linking agent; 10-20 parts of a plasticizer; 0.1-5 parts of a catalyst; 30-160 parts of a flame retardant; 0.1-3 parts of a tackifier;
the modified olefin polymer is a polyolefin with an end group or a side chain group containing the following structure:
-SiR n X 3-n ，
wherein R is C m H 2m+1 The structure is shown in the specification, wherein X is at least one of alkoxy, acyloxy, amino, acylamino, ketoximino, aminoxy and alkenyloxy functional groups; n is 0, 1 or 2, and m is an integer of 1 to 20.
Optionally, the modified olefin polymer is formed by mixing one or more of silane-modified polybutadiene, silane-modified polyisobutylene and siloxy amorphous-alpha-polyolefin according to any proportion.
Optionally, the water-absorbent resin is formed by mixing one or more of polyacrylate, modified polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide according to any proportion;
optionally, the modified polyvinyl alcohol is a compound which is modified and grafted with hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, sodium carboxylate and the like at certain activation points on a linear macromolecular main chain of the modified polyvinyl alcohol; the modified polyvinyl alcohol contains hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, sodium carboxylate and the like, so that the water absorption effect of the modified polyvinyl alcohol is improved.
Optionally, the sealing material satisfies at least one of the following (1) to (9):
(1) the organic siloxane polymer is hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane;
(2) the reinforcing filler is formed by mixing one or more of active calcium carbonate, carbon black, white carbon black and talcum powder according to any proportion;
(3) the mesh number of the reinforcing filler is 100-300 meshes;
(4) the coupling agent is formed by mixing one or more of aminosilane, epoxy silane, vinyl silane and acyloxy silane according to any proportion;
(5) the cross-linking agent is one or more of vinyl tributyroximo silane, vinyl tripropionoximino silane and vinyl tri (methyl isobutyl ketoximo) silane which are mixed according to any proportion;
(6) the plasticizer is methyl silicone oil;
(7) the catalyst is formed by mixing one or more of dioctyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate and monobutyltin oxide according to any proportion;
(8) the flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide; alternatively, the flame retardant may be aluminum hydroxide treated with stearic acid; the modification treatment method is not particularly required, and may be a treatment method known in the art.
(9) The tackifier is one or more of rosin resin, terpene resin, phenolic resin, carbon acanthopanax hydrogen resin and carbon nonahydrogenation resin which are mixed according to any proportion.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the sealing material, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing the organic siloxane polymer, the water-absorbing resin, the modified olefin polymer, the reinforced filler and the flame retardant under a vacuum condition to obtain a main rubber material;
and S2, adding a cross-linking agent, a coupling agent and a plasticizer, mixing under a vacuum condition, adding a catalyst and a tackifier, and reacting to obtain the sealing material.
Optionally, step S2 is performed by adding a catalyst and a tackifier and then includes a degassing step, which can remove bubbles in the product and a part of low molecular substances generated in the reaction.
Optionally, the mixing temperature in step S1 is 130-150 ℃, the vacuum degree is 0.05-0.1MPa, and the mixing time is 2-3 h.
Optionally, the mixing temperature in the step S2 is 20-30 ℃, the vacuum degree is 0.05-0.1MPa, and the mixing time is 20-30 min;
and/or the reaction temperature in the step S2 is 20-30 ℃, the vacuum degree is 0.05-0.1MPa, and the reaction time is 30-35 min.
Optionally, the vacuum degree of the degassing step is 0.05-0.1MPa, and the time is 15-20 min.
The invention also provides a solar cell module which comprises cell pieces and a multilayer sealing structure arranged between the cell pieces, wherein at least two adjacent layers of sealing structures are sealed by adopting the sealing material or the sealing material prepared by the preparation method.
The solar cell module is typically, but not limited to, a high-efficiency cell piece such as a heterojunction cell or a perovskite cell.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
the sealing material provided by the invention can effectively solve the problems that the water vapor transmission rate is large and the sealing material cannot be bonded with the frame of the aluminum profile through the matching of the components. Particularly, the modified olefin polymer with a specific structure and the water-absorbent resin are added, so that the delamination of the sealing material caused by the erosion of damp, hot and water vapor can be effectively prevented, and the sealing and packaging requirements can be well met; meanwhile, the purpose of bonding the aluminum profile frame and the glass can be well achieved by adding the coupling agent, the mechanical load requirement of the photovoltaic module is met, and the slippage of the module laminating piece and the frame is effectively prevented.
The sealing material provided by the invention can further improve the sealing performance and the bonding performance and reduce the water vapor transmission rate by limiting the water-absorbent resin and other raw materials.
The preparation method of the sealing material provided by the invention comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a main rubber material under a vacuum condition, and then adding a catalyst and a tackifier for reaction to obtain the sealing material. The stability of the whole formula system is ensured by limiting the specific steps, and the performance requirements of the obtained sealing material in all aspects are effectively considered.
According to the preparation method of the sealing material, a degassing step is further included after the catalyst and the tackifier are added in the step S2 for reaction, so that bubbles in a product and part of low molecular substances generated in the reaction can be removed, the sealing performance is further improved, and the water vapor transmittance is reduced.
The solar cell module provided by the invention can effectively prevent the delamination of the edge sealant caused by the erosion of the cell module by the damp and hot water vapor, solve the problem that the cell is corroded by the invasion of the edge water vapor and well meet the requirement of edge sealing and packaging; meanwhile, the purpose of bonding the aluminum profile frame and the glass can be well achieved by adding the coupling agent, the mechanical load requirement of the photovoltaic module is met, and the slippage of the module laminating piece and the frame is effectively prevented.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a sealing material according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.
The invention provides a sealing material and a preparation method of the corresponding sealing material, wherein the sealing material is stable in system and can effectively meet the sealing performance and mechanical requirements; by adopting the corresponding preparation method of the sealing material, the sealing performance of the material can be ensured, and the water vapor transmission rate of the packaging structure is reduced.
The seal material and the corresponding seal material preparation method are generally described below, and detailed description is given by examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 3, and finally test data is provided.
The sealing material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100 parts of organic siloxane polymer; 60-120 parts of reinforcing filler; 20-45 parts of water-absorbing resin; 10-15 parts of modified olefin polymer; 0.5-5 parts of a coupling agent; 5-20 parts of a cross-linking agent; 10-20 parts of a plasticizer; 0.1-5 parts of a catalyst; 30-160 parts of a flame retardant; 0.1-3 parts of a tackifier;
the modified olefin polymer is a polyolefin with an end group or a side chain group containing the following structure: -SiR n X 3-n ，
Wherein R is C m H 2m+1 The structure is shown in the specification, wherein X is at least one of alkoxy, acyloxy, amino, acylamino, ketoximino, aminoxy and alkenyloxy functional groups; n is 0, 1 or 2, and m is an integer of 1 to 20.
The sealing material provided by the invention can effectively solve the problems that the water vapor transmission rate is large and the sealing material cannot be bonded with the frame of the aluminum profile through the matching of the components. Particularly, the modified olefin polymer with a specific structure and the water-absorbent resin are added, so that the delamination of the sealing material caused by the erosion of damp, hot and water vapor can be effectively prevented, and the sealing and packaging requirements can be well met; the purpose of bonding the aluminum profile frame and the glass can be well achieved by adding the coupling agent, and the coupling agent simultaneously contains a group capable of hydrolyzing and a group capable of reacting or being compatible with an organic matter, and one side of the group capable of hydrolyzing in the coupling agent can react with surface molecules of an inorganic material (such as an aluminum profile), so that a bridge can be erected between the interfaces of the inorganic material and the organic material by using the coupling agent, two materials with different properties are connected together, the bonding strength is improved, the mechanical load requirement of a photovoltaic assembly is met, and the assembly laminating piece and the frame are effectively prevented from slipping.
Optionally, the modified olefin polymer is formed by mixing one or more of silane-modified polybutadiene, silane-modified polyisobutylene, and siloxy amorphous- α -polyolefin according to any ratio.
Optionally, the water-absorbent resin is formed by mixing one or more of polyacrylate, modified polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide according to any proportion;
the sealing material provided by the invention can further improve the sealing performance and the bonding performance and reduce the water vapor transmission rate by limiting the water-absorbent resin and other raw materials.
Optionally, the modified polyvinyl alcohol is a compound which is modified and grafted with hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, sodium carboxylate and the like at certain activation points on a linear macromolecular main chain of the modified polyvinyl alcohol; the modified polyvinyl alcohol contains hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl, carboxyl, sodium carboxylate and the like, so that the water absorption effect of the modified polyvinyl alcohol is improved.
Optionally, the sealing material satisfies at least one of the following (1) to (9):
(1) the organic siloxane polymer is hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane;
(2) the reinforcing filler is formed by mixing one or more of active calcium carbonate, carbon black, white carbon black and talcum powder according to any proportion;
(3) the mesh number of the reinforcing filler is 100-300 meshes;
(4) the coupling agent is formed by mixing one or more of aminosilane, epoxy silane, vinyl silane and acyloxy silane according to any proportion;
(5) the cross-linking agent is one or more of vinyl tributyroximo silane, vinyl tripropionoximino silane and vinyl tri (methyl isobutyl ketoximo) silane which are mixed according to any proportion;
(6) the plasticizer is methyl silicone oil;
(7) the catalyst is formed by mixing one or more of dioctyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate and monobutyltin oxide according to any proportion;
(8) the flame retardant is aluminum hydroxide; alternatively, the flame retardant may be aluminum hydroxide treated with stearic acid; the modification treatment method is not particularly required, and may be a treatment method known in the art.
(9) The tackifier is one or more of rosin resin, terpene resin, phenolic resin, carbon acanthopanax hydrogen resin and carbon nonahydrogenation resin which are mixed according to any proportion.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the sealing material, which comprises the following steps as shown in figure 1:
s1, mixing the organic siloxane polymer, the water-absorbing resin, the modified olefin polymer, the reinforced filler and the flame retardant under a vacuum condition to obtain a main rubber material;
and S2, adding a cross-linking agent, a coupling agent and a plasticizer, mixing under a vacuum condition, adding a catalyst and a tackifier, and reacting to obtain the sealing material.
The preparation method of the sealing material provided by the invention comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a main rubber material under a vacuum condition, and then adding a catalyst and a tackifier for reaction to obtain the sealing material. The stability of the whole formula system is ensured by limiting the specific steps, and the performance requirements of the obtained sealing material in all aspects are effectively considered.
Optionally, after the catalyst and the tackifier are added for reaction in step S2, a degassing step is further included, which can remove bubbles in the product and a part of low molecular substances generated in the reaction, thereby further improving the sealing performance and reducing the water vapor permeability.
Optionally, the mixing temperature in step S1 is 130-150 ℃, the vacuum degree is 0.05-0.1MPa, and the mixing time is 2-3 h.
Optionally, the mixing temperature in the step S2 is 20-30 ℃, the vacuum degree is 0.05-0.1MPa, and the mixing time is 20-30 min;
and/or the reaction temperature in the step S2 is 20-30 ℃, the vacuum degree is 0.05-0.1MPa, and the reaction time is 30-35 min.
Optionally, the vacuum degree of the degassing step is 0.05-0.1MPa, and the time is 15-20 min.
In the following examples and comparative examples, 1 part is 1kg, and the sources of the raw materials in the examples of the present invention and comparative examples are the same, and the source is noted only at the time of the first appearance.
Example 1
A sealing material is prepared by the following steps:
according to the weight parts, 100 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane with the viscosity of 10000mPa & s (Shenzhen Jipeng silicon fluorine material Co., Ltd., 107), 45 parts of dried stearic acid-treated active calcium carbonate with the particle size range of 100-;
after cooling to room temperature, 5 parts of vinyl tributyrinoxime silane, 3 parts of aminosilane (Shanghai Xin precious chemical Co., Ltd.), 2 parts of epoxy silane (Guangzhou Jiaogong chemical trade Co., Ltd.) and 10 parts of methyl silicone oil (Shanghai Kaiyin chemical Co., Ltd.) were added and mixed for 25 minutes under the condition that the vacuum degree is 0.08 MPa; and finally, adding 5 parts of dioctyltin dilaurate and 0.1 part of terpene resin (Shanghai Duokang Co., Ltd.), reacting for 30 minutes under the condition that the vacuum degree is 0.08MPa, then carrying out vacuum degassing for 20 minutes under the condition of 0.1MPa, removing bubbles and partial low molecular substances generated in the reaction, obtaining the solar photovoltaic edge sealing material with good storage stability, and sealing and storing.
Example 2
A sealing material is prepared by the following steps:
according to the weight parts, 100 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, 45 parts of dry 300-mesh white carbon black with the particle size range of 100 processed by stearic acid (Kabet company in America), 30 parts of carbon black, 20 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 10 parts of polyacrylamide (FLOPAM FO 4350SSH, Eisen, France), 15 parts of silane modified polyisobutylene (EPION EP103S in Japan) and 160 parts of aluminum hydroxide processed by stearic acid are stirred in a stirrer for 3 hours under the vacuum sealing condition at the temperature of 145 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.08MPa, and are uniformly mixed to obtain a main rubber material;
after cooling to room temperature, adding 5 parts of vinyl tributyrinoxime silane, 5 parts of vinyl triacetoneoxime silane, 5 parts of aminosilane and 15 parts of methyl silicone oil, and mixing for 25 minutes under the condition that the vacuum degree is 0.08 MPa; finally, 5 parts of dioctyltin dilaurate and 3 parts of carbon acanthopanax hydrogen resin (Shanghai Duokang Kogyo Co., Ltd.) are added to react for 30 minutes under the condition that the vacuum degree is 0.08MPa, then vacuum degassing is carried out for 20 minutes under the condition of 0.1MPa, bubbles and part of low molecular substances generated in the reaction are removed, and then the solar photovoltaic edge sealing material with good storage stability is obtained and is sealed for storage.
Example 3
In comparison with example 1, modified polyvinyl alcohol (Japan synthetic chemistry) was used instead of sodium polyacrylate.
Example 4
In comparison with example 1, a siloxane-based amorphous-. alpha. -polyolefin (VESOTPLAST-206, Exxon Mobil, USA) was used in place of the silane-modified polybutadiene.
Example 5
A sealing material is prepared from the same raw materials as in example 1 by the following method:
according to the weight parts, 100 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, 70 parts of dry 300-mesh white carbon black with the particle size range of 100 processed by stearic acid, 50 parts of carbon black, 30 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 15 parts of polyacrylamide, 15 parts of silane modified polyisobutylene and 160 parts of aluminum hydroxide processed by stearic acid are stirred in a stirrer for 3 hours under the vacuum sealing condition at the temperature of 145 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.08MPa, and are uniformly mixed to obtain a main body rubber material;
after cooling to room temperature, adding 15 parts of vinyl tributyrinoxime silane, 5 parts of vinyl triacetoneoxime silane, 5 parts of aminosilane and 20 parts of methyl silicone oil, and mixing for 25 minutes under the condition that the vacuum degree is 0.08 MPa; and finally, adding 5 parts of dioctyltin dilaurate and 3 parts of carbon-acanthopanax hydrocarbon resin, reacting for 30 minutes under the condition that the vacuum degree is 0.08MPa, then vacuum degassing for 20 minutes under the condition of 0.1MPa, removing bubbles and partial low molecular substances generated in the reaction to obtain the solar photovoltaic edge sealing material with good storage stability, and sealing and storing.
Example 6
A sealing material is prepared from the same raw materials as in example 1 by the following method:
according to parts by weight, 100 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, 35 parts of dry 300-mesh white carbon black with the particle size range of 100 processed by stearic acid, 25 parts of carbon black, 15 parts of sodium polyacrylate, 5 parts of polyacrylamide, 10 parts of silane modified polyisobutylene and 30 parts of aluminum hydroxide processed by stearic acid are stirred in a stirrer for 3 hours under the vacuum sealing condition at the temperature of 145 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.08MPa, and are uniformly mixed to obtain a main rubber material;
after cooling to room temperature, adding 3 parts of vinyl tributyrinoxime silane, 2 parts of vinyl triacetoneoxime silane, 0.5 part of aminosilane and 10 parts of methyl silicone oil, and mixing for 25 minutes under the condition that the vacuum degree is 0.08 MPa; and finally, adding 0.1 part of dioctyltin dilaurate and 0.1 part of hydrocarbon resin, reacting for 30 minutes under the condition that the vacuum degree is 0.08MPa, then vacuum degassing for 20 minutes under the condition of 0.1MPa, removing bubbles and partial low molecular substances generated in the reaction to obtain the solar photovoltaic edge sealing material with good storage stability, and sealing and storing.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 provides a prior art sealing material. A sealing material is prepared by the following steps:
mixing 100 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, 45 parts of dried active calcium carbonate with the particle size range of 100-300 meshes treated by stearic acid, 5 parts of white carbon black and 160 parts of aluminum hydroxide treated by stearic acid in a stirrer for 2 hours under the conditions of vacuum and sealing at the temperature of 145 ℃ and the vacuum degree of 0.08MPa to obtain a basic rubber material;
after cooling to room temperature, adding 25 parts of methyl silicone oil, 15 parts of vinyl tributyrinoxime silane and 5 parts of methyl tributyrinoxime silane, and mixing for 30 minutes under the vacuum sealing condition with the vacuum degree of 0.08 MPa; and finally, adding 2 parts of dibutyl tin dilaurate and 0.1 part of terpene resin, reacting for 20 minutes under vacuum sealing and a vacuum degree of 0.08MPa, then carrying out vacuum degassing for 20 minutes under 0.1MPa, removing bubbles and part of low molecular substances generated in the reaction to obtain the single-component solar photovoltaic sealing material, and sealing and storing.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 was modified from example 1 in that the sealing material did not include silane-modified polybutadiene as compared with example 1.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 a modification was made to example 1, and in contrast to example 1, the sealing material did not comprise sodium polyacrylate.
Test data
Water vapor transmission rate: the thickness of the sample is 1mm, and the test is carried out according to GB/T21529-2008; lap shear strength: the test was performed according to GB/T7124 and 2008 using glass, aluminium profile lap joints. The specific test results are shown in the following table:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003726234050000121
Figure BDA0003726234050000131
As can be seen from the data in the above table, compared with the existing photovoltaic module sealing technology, the sealing material obtained by the preparation method in the embodiment has the water vapor transmittance decreased by more than thousand times (from dozens to zero), so that the water vapor transmittance of the material is greatly reduced, the edge sealing requirement of the photovoltaic module is met, the mechanical strength is improved to a certain extent, and the sealing performance and the mechanical performance can be well balanced. Specifically, the water-absorbent resin and the modified olefin polymer in the examples were added to reduce the water vapor permeability most significantly, compared to comparative example 1. Compared with the comparative example 2, the scheme of changing on the basis of the embodiment 1 has the advantages that the water-blocking effect of the material is poor and the bonding strength with glass and aluminum profiles is reduced to a certain extent because the modified olefin polymer is not added; compared with the comparative example 3, the water-blocking effect of the material is poor without adding water-absorbing resin, is basically equal to that of the prior art (comparative example 1), but shows good mechanical strength.
Example 7
This embodiment provides a solar cell module, which includes cell sheets and a multi-layer sealing structure disposed between the cell sheets, wherein at least two adjacent sealing structures are sealed by using the sealing material described above or the sealing material prepared by any one of the preparation methods in embodiments 1 to 6.
The solar cell module is typically, but not limited to, a high-efficiency cell piece such as a heterojunction cell or a perovskite cell.
The solar cell module provided by the invention can effectively prevent the delamination of the edge sealant caused by the erosion of the cell module by the damp and hot water vapor, solve the problem that the cell is corroded by the invasion of the edge water vapor and well meet the requirement of edge sealing and packaging; meanwhile, the purpose of bonding the aluminum profile frame and the glass can be well achieved by adding the coupling agent, the mechanical load requirement of the photovoltaic module is met, and the slippage of the module laminating piece and the frame is effectively prevented.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The sealing material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
100 parts of organic siloxane polymer; 60-120 parts of reinforcing filler; 20-45 parts of water-absorbing resin; 10-15 parts of modified olefin polymer; 0.5-5 parts of a coupling agent; 5-20 parts of a cross-linking agent; 10-20 parts of a plasticizer; 0.1-5 parts of a catalyst; 30-160 parts of a flame retardant; 0.1-3 parts of a tackifier;
the modified olefin polymer is a polyolefin with an end group or a side chain group containing the following structure: -SiR n X 3-n ，
Wherein R is C m H 2m+1 The structure is shown in the specification, wherein X is at least one of alkoxy, acyloxy, amino, acylamino, ketoximino, aminoxy and alkenyloxy functional groups; n is 0, 1 or 2, and m is an integer of 1 to 20.
2. The sealing material according to claim 1, wherein the modified olefin polymer is composed of one or more of silane-modified polybutadiene, silane-modified polyisobutylene, and siloxanyl amorphous- α -polyolefin mixed in any ratio.
3. The sealing material according to claim 1, wherein the water-absorbent resin is formed by mixing one or more of polyacrylate, modified polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide according to any ratio;
optionally, the modified polyvinyl alcohol is a compound modified and grafted on a polyvinyl alcohol main chain and containing a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group or a sodium carboxylate hydrophilic group.
4. A sealing material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one of the following (1) to (9) is satisfied:
(1) the organic siloxane polymer is hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane;
(2) the reinforcing filler is formed by mixing one or more of active calcium carbonate, carbon black, white carbon black and talcum powder according to any proportion;
(3) the mesh number of the reinforcing filler is 100-300 meshes;
(4) the coupling agent is formed by mixing one or more of aminosilane, epoxy silane, vinyl silane and acyloxysilane according to any proportion;
(5) the cross-linking agent is one or more of vinyl tributyroximo silane, vinyl tripropionoximino silane and vinyl tri (methyl isobutyl ketoximo) silane which are mixed according to any proportion;
(6) the plasticizer is methyl silicone oil;
(7) the catalyst is formed by mixing one or more of dioctyltin dilaurate, dibutyltin dilaurate, stannous octoate and monobutyltin oxide according to any proportion;
(8) the flame retardant is formed by mixing one or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and zinc borate according to any proportion;
(9) the tackifier is one or more of rosin resin, terpene resin, phenolic resin, carbon acanthopanax hydrogen resin and carbon nonahydrogenation resin which are mixed according to any proportion.
5. A method for preparing a sealing material according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
s1, mixing the organic siloxane polymer, the water-absorbing resin, the modified olefin polymer, the reinforced filler and the flame retardant under a vacuum condition to obtain a main rubber material;
and S2, adding a cross-linking agent, a coupling agent and a plasticizer, mixing under a vacuum condition, adding a catalyst and a tackifier, and reacting to obtain the sealing material.
6. The method for preparing a sealant according to claim 5, wherein a degassing step is further included after the step S2 of adding the catalyst and the tackifier for reaction.
7. The method for preparing the sealing material according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the mixing temperature in step S1 is 130-150 ℃, the vacuum degree is 0.05-0.1MPa, and the mixing time is 2-3 h.
8. The method for producing a sealing material according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the mixing temperature in step S2 is 20 to 30 ℃, the degree of vacuum is 0.05 to 0.1MPa, and the mixing time is 20 to 30 min;
and/or the reaction temperature in the step S2 is 20-30 ℃, the vacuum degree is 0.05-0.1MPa, and the reaction time is 30-35 min.
9. The method for producing a sealing material according to claim 6, wherein the degassing step is carried out under a vacuum of 0.05 to 0.1MPa for a period of 15 to 20 min.
10. A solar cell module comprising cell sheets and a multilayer sealing structure disposed between the cell sheets, wherein at least two adjacent sealing structures are sealed with the sealing material according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the sealing material prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 9.
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CN102321450A (en) * 2011-08-23 2012-01-18 杭州之江有机硅化工有限公司 Solar energy photovoltaic assembly organosilicon sealant material and preparation method thereof
CN102746486A (en) * 2012-07-13 2012-10-24 上海拓引数码技术有限公司 Single-component bonding sealing type silicone adhesive for solar battery assembly
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WO2018036427A1 (en) * 2016-08-22 2018-03-01 广东纳路纳米科技有限公司 Composite silicone sealant having high gas barrier property and preparation method therefor
CN109722216A (en) * 2018-12-29 2019-05-07 江苏创景科技有限公司 A kind of Silante terminated liquid polybutadiene modified organic silicon sealant and preparation method thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102321450A (en) * 2011-08-23 2012-01-18 杭州之江有机硅化工有限公司 Solar energy photovoltaic assembly organosilicon sealant material and preparation method thereof
CN102746486A (en) * 2012-07-13 2012-10-24 上海拓引数码技术有限公司 Single-component bonding sealing type silicone adhesive for solar battery assembly
WO2018036427A1 (en) * 2016-08-22 2018-03-01 广东纳路纳米科技有限公司 Composite silicone sealant having high gas barrier property and preparation method therefor
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