Erythrocyte preservation solution and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical treatment, and particularly relates to a red blood cell preservation solution and application thereof.
Background
Red Blood Cell (RBC) is the main component of human blood, and the RBC content in adult blood reaches 5 × 10 12 /L(5×10 9 5000million/mL), hematocrit (the percentage of the volume of red blood cells in whole blood) of 40-50%. Principal generation of red blood cellsThe physiological function is to transport oxygen from the lungs and release it to the body for metabolism. Under the emergency conditions of blood loss, anemia and the like, the number of red blood cells of the body is seriously reduced, and the life safety is threatened. Therefore, erythrocyte transfusion has become the basic treatment means for clinically critical patients. At present, the red blood cells for transfusion and emergency treatment are mainly from social donation, and then are separated by the red blood cells and stored in a red blood cell preservation solution. However, when blood is stored in a liquid medium, a series of biochemical and structural changes of red blood cells occur, namely damage to red blood cell storage, which affects survival of red blood cells after transfusion and causes functional changes thereof. At present, the development of a preservation solution for red blood cells has become a focus and hot spot for research of numerous scholars.
CN1857312A discloses a cryoprotectant for erythrocytes, which comprises small molecular sugar (trehalose, glucose, sucrose, maltose, fructose or mannitol), sodium chloride, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and disodium hydrogen phosphate. The protective solution can realize cryopreservation of erythrocytes, reduce the hemolysis rate of erythrocytes, and greatly simplify the washing procedure of the erythrocytes after thawing, but the preservation time of the protective solution on the erythrocytes needs to be further improved.
CN111919835A discloses a preservation solution for maintaining the activity of red blood cells, comprising: heparin-poloxamer, glycine, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, basic fibroblast growth factor and trimethoprim can ensure the oxygen carrying activity of the red blood cells, but the preservation solution only maintains the activity of the red blood cells by increasing the effective concentration of nitric oxide gas, and the research on the apoptosis and hemolysis of the red blood cells is not disclosed.
CN104705287A discloses a frozen preservation solution for red blood cells, which comprises: potassium citrate monohydrate, sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate, disodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate and glycerol. The preservation solution can realize physiological balance inside and outside the erythrocyte membrane, avoids rupture of the erythrocyte membrane, but the existence of glycerol can lead to the washing process of the later erythrocyte during use to be complicated, and causes burden to medical personnel.
Based on the above research, it can be seen that many developments are currently made for erythrocyte preservation solutions, and although the lifetime of erythrocytes can be obviously prolonged, the key core technology of anti-apoptosis and anti-hemolysis of erythrocytes is still not known, and research needs to be made for further improving the anti-apoptosis, anti-hemolysis and anti-natural disintegration capability of erythrocyte preservation solutions on erythrocytes and prolonging the preservation time of erythrocytes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art and the practical requirements, the invention aims to provide a red blood cell preservation solution and application thereof. The erythrocyte preservation solution can strongly protect erythrocytes and extremely remarkably prolong the service life of erythrocytes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a red blood cell preservation solution, which comprises a red blood cell preservation base solution and an antioxidant, wherein the antioxidant comprises uric acid.
In the invention, uric acid is introduced into the erythrocyte preservation base fluid as an antioxidant, so that erythrocytes can be further activated, the anti-hemolytic apoptosis capacity of erythrocytes is remarkably enhanced, the in vitro preservation time is obviously prolonged, and the erythrocyte preservation base fluid has great application value for the ultra-long-term in vitro low-temperature preservation of erythrocytes for blood transfusion.
It should be noted that liver Xanthine Dehydrogenase (XDH) is a rate-limiting enzyme for uric acid production, and the absence of XDH enzyme in erythrocytes means that, even when adenine (a precursor of uric acid production) is added to conventional erythrocyte storage solutions, uric acid cannot be efficiently produced by erythrocytes. Therefore, red blood cells themselves cannot store sufficient levels of uric acid unless added extracellularly. Uric acid is a purine metabolite specific to primates (humans, etc.). In other mammals, uric acid is further metabolized to allantoin, which is excreted in the urine. Research has proved that uric acid as antioxidant can effectively improve the life of model organism, so uric acid is not only end product of metabolism in human body, but also has important physiological function.
In the present invention, the base fluid for erythrocyte preservation may be a commercially available erythrocyte preservation fluid (including MAP preparations and Ashwage's solution).
Wherein the MAP preparation contains trisodium citrate, citric acid, glucose, sodium dihydrogen phosphate, adenine, sodium chloride and mannitol.
The Ashi solution contains sodium chloride, sodium citrate, citric acid and glucose.
In the invention, the concentration of the uric acid in the erythrocyte preservation solution is 10-1000 mu M.
The concentration of the above-mentioned carrier is 10 to 1000. mu.M, and may be 10. mu.M, 50. mu.M, 100. mu.M, 200. mu.M, 300. mu.M, 400. mu.M, 500. mu.M, 600. mu.M, 700. mu.M, 800. mu.M, 900. mu.M, 1000. mu.M, or the like.
Other point values within the above range can be selected, and are not described in detail herein.
Preferably, the concentration of the uric acid in the erythrocyte preservation solution is 200-800 μ M.
Further preferably, the concentration of the uric acid in the erythrocyte preservation solution is 300-500 mu M.
The concentration of the uric acid in the erythrocyte preservation solution is 10-1000 mu M, which can ensure the protection effect on the erythrocytes, preferably 200-800 mu M, and more preferably 300-500 mu M, because the normal value of the uric acid level in a human body is 300 mu M at 100-300 mu M, and the hyperuricemia can reach 500 mu M. In addition, according to the in vitro erythrocyte culture experiment of the inventor, 300-500 mu M uric acid can remarkably protect erythrocytes and resist the hemolysis induced by vitamin C. In addition, even if vitamin C is not contained, the red blood cells can be naturally hemolyzed in the MAP nutrient solution, and the addition of uric acid can obviously protect the red blood cells and resist natural hemolysis reaction.
In the invention, the use temperature of the erythrocyte preservation solution is 4-10 ℃.
The temperature of 4-10 deg.C can be 4 deg.C, 4.5 deg.C, 5 deg.C, 5.5 deg.C, 6 deg.C, 6.5 deg.C, 7 deg.C, 7.5 deg.C, 8 deg.C, 8.5 deg.C, 9 deg.C, 9.5 deg.C or 10 deg.C.
Other values within the above range can be selected, and are not further described herein.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a use of the red blood cell preservation solution according to the first aspect for preserving red blood cells in vitro.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the invention, uric acid is introduced into the erythrocyte preservation base solution as an antioxidant, so that erythrocytes can be activated, the anti-hemolytic apoptosis capability of the erythrocytes is remarkably enhanced, and the membrane stability of the erythrocytes is improved, so that the erythrocytes are preserved for a long time in an optimal state, and the erythrocyte preservation base solution has great application value for the ultra-long-term in-vitro low-temperature preservation of erythrocytes for blood transfusion.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of preservation of erythrocytes by the erythrocyte preservation solution obtained in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of preservation of erythrocytes by the erythrocyte preservation solution obtained in example 2;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of preservation of erythrocytes in the erythrocyte preservation solution obtained in example 3;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the results of preservation of erythrocytes in the erythrocyte preservation solution obtained in example 4;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of preservation of erythrocytes by the erythrocyte preservation solution obtained in example 5;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of preservation of erythrocytes in the erythrocyte preservation solution obtained in example 6;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of preservation of erythrocytes by the erythrocyte preservation solution obtained in comparative example 1;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the hemolytic apoptosis of erythrocytes in different dosing groups.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitation of the present invention.
The following preparations, examples, comparative examples and test examples were obtained by purchasing the corresponding materials and raw materials as follows:
wherein the MAP reagent is purchased from Shanghai Yuanmu, and has a model number of R18099; ashi liquor purchased from Beijing Solaibao, model number R1016; uric acid is purchased from Shanghai leaf organism, and has a model number of S30640. The remaining materials and starting materials are not specifically described and are commercially available from other sources.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a red blood cell preservation solution, including: 1mL of MAP reagent and 500. mu.M of uric acid.
Wherein, 500 mu M refers to the concentration of uric acid in the erythrocyte preservation solution.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a red blood cell preservation solution, including: 1mL MAP reagent, 200. mu.M uric acid.
Wherein 200 mu M refers to the concentration of uric acid in the erythrocyte preservation solution.
Example 3
This example provides a preservation solution for red blood cells, which is different from example 1 only in that the concentration of uric acid in the preservation solution for red blood cells is 10 μ M, and the other parameters are consistent with example 1.
Example 4
This example provides a preservation solution for red blood cells, which is different from example 1 only in that the concentration of uric acid in the preservation solution for red blood cells is 50 μ M, and the other parameters are consistent with example 1.
Example 5
This example provides a preservation solution for red blood cells, which is different from example 1 only in that the concentration of uric acid in the preservation solution for red blood cells is 100 μ M, and the other parameters are consistent with example 1.
Example 6
This example provides a preservation solution for red blood cells, which is different from example 1 only in that the concentration of uric acid in the preservation solution for red blood cells is 1000. mu.M, and the other parameters are consistent with example 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a red blood cell preservation solution, which differs from example 1 only in that the red blood cell preservation solution does not include uric acid, and the remaining parameters are consistent with example 1.
Test example 1
In this test example, erythrocytes were preserved with the erythrocyte preservation solutions obtained in examples 1 to 6 and comparative example 1, and the ability of erythrocytes to resist hemolytic apoptosis was observed.
The test method is as follows: adult peripheral blood (1 mL) was collected and red blood cells were counted. The cells were plated in 12-well plates according to the standard of 50 thousands RBC/1mL red blood cell preservation solution. Incubated at 37 ℃. After 24h observation was carried out under a microscope.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 7, it can be seen from FIGS. 1 to 6 that a large number of RBCs are still in a non-hemolyzed state and the cells are bright after the preservation time of the red blood cells in the red blood cell preservation solution provided by the present invention is 24 hours. Whereas the erythrocytes in FIG. 7 (which were also preserved without uric acid) were substantially totally hemolyzed after 24h incubation at 37 ℃ with only the erythrocyte membrane structure remaining. By comparison, the specific protection effect of uric acid on erythrocytes can be fully shown.
Test example 2
In this test example, 100 ten thousand red blood cells were placed in 1640 medium in normoxic (21% O) conditions 2 ) And hypoxia (5% O) 2 ) Then, two-factor dosing experiments of 1mM Vitamin C (VC), 500. mu.M Uric Acid (UA) and 1mM VC + 500. mu.M UA were performed, a blank control group was set, and 3 days later, observation was performed under a microscope.
As shown in FIG. 8, 3 days after the administration of the drug, the hemolyzed apoptosis of erythrocytes in the 1mM VC group was significantly reduced, while the hemolyzed apoptosis of erythrocytes in the 500. mu.M UA group was significantly reduced, as compared with the control group (i.e., ctrl group). Especially at 5% O 2 Next, nearly 100% of erythrocytes are hemolyzed by VC, while at least more than 50% of erythrocytes have intact cell membrane structure under the protection of UA. It can be seen from the VC + UA group that UA can strongly protect erythrocytes against VC-induced hemolytic apoptosis.
In conclusion, the invention introduces uric acid as an antioxidant into the erythrocyte preservation base solution, can activate erythrocytes, remarkably enhance the anti-hemolytic apoptosis capacity of the erythrocytes, and further improve the membrane homeostasis of the erythrocytes, thereby realizing the long-term preservation of the erythrocytes in the optimal state, and the invention has great application value and wide application prospect for the ultra-long-term in-vitro low-temperature preservation of the erythrocytes for blood transfusion.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.