CN115034110A - Method and device for determining fit tolerance, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Method and device for determining fit tolerance, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115034110A
CN115034110A CN202210624381.5A CN202210624381A CN115034110A CN 115034110 A CN115034110 A CN 115034110A CN 202210624381 A CN202210624381 A CN 202210624381A CN 115034110 A CN115034110 A CN 115034110A
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finite element
determining
element model
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target
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张尤龙
康一坡
朱学武
李俊楼
刘艳玲
闫博
刘明远
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FAW Group Corp
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for determining fit tolerance, electronic equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining a finite element model to be used corresponding to a target bearing structure; the target bearing structure comprises at least one of a fixed bearing, an input shaft and a motor shaft; determining the load to be used of the finite element model to be used under at least one working condition to be used, and determining the shaft end corner to be used of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used based on each load to be used; and determining a target shaft end corner based on each shaft end corner to be used, and determining a matching tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner meets a preset corner condition. The problem of the fit tolerance of three bearing structure be difficult to accurate definite is solved, the effect of the fit tolerance between the quick accurate definite three bearing structure has been got.

Description

Method and device for determining fit tolerance, electronic equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of automobile design technologies, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for determining a fit tolerance, an electronic device, and a storage medium.
Background
In general, a motor reducer mostly adopts a four-bearing structure, and in order to make the bearing structure lightweight and compact, one bearing may be eliminated in the four-bearing structure to shorten the size in the axial direction.
However, bearing load is reduced, the influence of the input shaft on the rigidity of the three-bearing structure is increased, and how to determine the fit tolerance between the motor rotor and the stator under the three-bearing structure is a new problem under the new technology. At present, when the fit tolerance between a motor rotor and a stator in a three-bearing structure is calculated, the calculation is usually based on personal experience of an engineer, and a test technical means is used for verification, so that the fit tolerance obtained in such a way is not accurate enough, the stress of a motor shaft is possibly uneven, and the performance and the service life of a motor reducer are reduced.
In order to obtain an accurate fitting tolerance, the manner of determining the fitting tolerance needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method and a device for determining a fit tolerance, electronic equipment and a storage medium, which are used for solving the problem that the fit tolerance of a three-bearing structure is difficult to determine accurately.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fitting tolerance determination method including:
determining a finite element model to be used corresponding to a target bearing structure; the target bearing structure comprises at least one of a fixed bearing, an input shaft and a motor shaft;
determining the load to be used of the finite element model to be used under at least one working condition to be used, and determining the shaft end corner to be used of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used based on each load to be used;
and determining a target shaft end corner based on each shaft end corner to be used, and determining a matching tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner meets a preset corner condition.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fitting tolerance determining apparatus including:
the finite element model determining module is used for determining a finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure; the target bearing structure comprises at least one of a fixed bearing, an input shaft and a motor shaft;
the shaft end corner determining module is used for determining the to-be-used load of the finite element model to be used under at least one to-be-used working condition and determining the to-be-used shaft end corner of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding to-be-used working condition based on each to-be-used load;
and the matching tolerance determining module is used for determining a target shaft end corner based on each shaft end corner to be used, and determining the matching tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner meets a preset corner condition.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic apparatus including:
at least one processor; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, the computer program being executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the fit tolerance determination method according to any of the embodiments of the present invention.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to implement a fit tolerance determination method according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention when executed.
According to the technical scheme, the finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure is determined, the finite element simulation is carried out on each bearing structure in the target bearing structure, the sub-models to be used corresponding to each bearing structure can be obtained, the sub-models to be used are connected based on the connection relation between the bearing structures, and the finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure can be obtained. Determining the load to be used of the finite element model to be used under at least one working condition to be used, determining the shaft end corner to be used of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used based on each load to be used, applying the corresponding load to be used to the finite element model to be used under different working conditions to be used, determining the shaft end corner to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used under each working condition to be used, and determining the target shaft end corner corresponding to the finite element model to be used according to each shaft end corner to be used. Determining a target shaft end corner based on each shaft end corner to be used, determining a matching tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner meets a preset corner condition, detecting the target shaft end corner based on a preset corner area, and solving a deformation amount corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner is in a preset corner interval so as to determine the matching tolerance corresponding to the finite element model to be used according to the deformation amount. The problem of the fit tolerance of three bearing structure be difficult to accurate definite is solved, the effect of the fit tolerance between the quick accurate definite three bearing structure has been got.
It should be understood that the statements in this section do not necessarily identify key or critical features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor do they necessarily limit the scope of the invention. Other features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a fitting tolerance determining method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for determining a tolerance of a fit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a target bearing structure provided in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mesh partition according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a motor shaft spline shaft according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a geometry of a target bearing structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a bearing outer race structure of a target bearing structure according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of a fitting tolerance determining apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in which the fitting tolerance determining method of the present invention is implemented.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of the present invention and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the invention described herein are capable of operation in other sequences than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining a fitting tolerance according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the embodiment is applicable to a case where a fitting tolerance between three bearing structures is determined, and the method may be performed by a fitting tolerance determining apparatus, which may be implemented in a form of hardware and/or software, and the fitting tolerance determining apparatus may be configured in an electronic device that may perform the method for determining the fitting tolerance.
As shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
and S110, determining a finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure.
Generally, the bearing structure among the motor reducer is mostly four bearing structure, undertakes the front and back support of motor shaft and input shaft respectively, in order to make bearing structure lightweight more and miniaturization, can adopt three bearing structure. Because the three-bearing structure lacks a bearing compared with the four-bearing structure, the fitting tolerance between the bearing structures in the three-bearing structure obtained based on the existing fitting tolerance determining method is not accurate enough, and in order to obtain the accurate fitting tolerance between the bearing structures in the three-bearing structure, the determining method of the fitting tolerance needs to be improved.
The target bearing structure may be a three-bearing structure used in a motor reducer, and at least one of a fixed bearing, an input shaft, and a motor shaft is included in the target bearing structure. The finite element model to be used can be understood as a model obtained by finite element simulation of the target bearing structure based on finite element simulation software.
Specifically, contain more bearing structure among the target bearing structure, it is very inconvenient directly to measure each part in order to obtain the fit tolerance between each part, for the fit tolerance between each bearing structure among the definite target bearing structure that can be quick, can establish in advance and treat and use the finite element model with the corresponding finite element model of target bearing structure, handle through treating to use the finite element model, obtain and treat and use the corresponding fit tolerance of finite element model, and regard the fit tolerance that the target bearing structure corresponds as the fit tolerance that the target bearing structure corresponds. It will be appreciated that the finite element model to be used is built from the target bearing structure, matching dimensional information of the target bearing structure, contained component information and connection information between the components.
Optionally, determining a finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure includes: simulating each bearing structure in the target bearing structure based on finite element simulation software to obtain submodels to be used corresponding to each bearing structure; and constructing a finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure based on each sub-model to be used.
The finite element simulation software can be understood as software for simulating a target bearing structure based on a finite element method. The target bearing structure usually includes a plurality of bearing structures, such as gear parts, spline shafts, and the like, and the submodel to be used may be understood as a submodel obtained by simulating each bearing structure in each target bearing structure based on finite element simulation software.
Specifically, when the finite element model to be used is performed, in order to ensure that the finite element model to be used corresponds to the target bearing structure, finite element simulation is usually performed on each bearing structure in the target bearing structure to obtain a sub model to be used corresponding to each bearing structure, and the sub models to be used are connected based on the connection relationship between the bearing structures in the target bearing structure to establish the finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure based on the sub models to be used.
S120, determining the load to be used of the finite element model to be used under at least one working condition to be used, and determining the shaft end rotation angle to be used of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used based on each load to be used.
The working conditions to be used are used for representing different working environments or working states of the finite element model to be used, wherein the working environments or working states comprise gear force working conditions and eccentric force working conditions. The loads to be used include gear mesh loads and eccentric force loads. The rotation angle of the shaft end to be used can be understood as a rotation angle corresponding to the finite element model to be used under different working conditions to be used, and corresponds to the rotation angle of the shaft end of the target bearing structure in each direction.
In the technical scheme, the loads to be used comprise gear meshing loads and eccentric force loads, and it can be understood that the loads to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure under different working conditions to be used are different, and the different loads to be used have different pressures on the target bearing structure, so that the deformation of each bearing structure in the target bearing structure is different, and therefore, under different working conditions to be used, the matching tolerance between each bearing structure in the target bearing structure has certain difference. In order to ensure that the fit tolerance of the target bearing structure is more universal, the corresponding load to be used can be applied to the finite element model to be used under different working conditions to be used, the corresponding fit tolerance of the target bearing structure under each working condition to be used is determined, and the optimal fit tolerance matched with the target bearing structure is determined according to the fit tolerance under each working condition to be used.
Correspondingly, under different working conditions to be used, different loads to be used are applied to the finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure, the shaft end rotation angle to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used under each load to be used is calculated, the matching tolerance corresponding to the finite element model to be used is determined according to each shaft end rotation angle to be used, and the matching tolerance corresponding to the target bearing structure is determined based on the matching tolerance.
It should be noted that, determining the load to be used of the finite element model to be used under at least one working condition to be used includes: when the working condition to be used is a gear force working condition, applying a gear meshing load to the finite element model to be used; and when the working condition to be used is the eccentric force working condition, applying the eccentric force load to the finite element model to be used.
Optionally, determining a to-be-used shaft end rotation angle of the to-be-used finite element model under the corresponding to-be-used working condition includes: determining a rotation radian to be used of the finite element model to be used in at least one rotation direction under the current working condition to be used aiming at each working condition to be used; processing each rotation radian to be used based on the rotation angle determining function to obtain a rotation angle to be used of the finite element model to be used in the corresponding rotation direction; and overlapping the rotation angles to be used to obtain the shaft end rotation angle to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used.
The rotation radian to be used can be understood as the rotation radian in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction of the finite element model to be used under the cylindrical coordinate system. The rotation angle determining function may be understood as a function for calculating a rotation angle to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used based on the rotation radian to be used. The rotation angle to be used may be understood as a rotation angle corresponding to the finite element model to be used in each direction of the cylindrical coordinate system.
Specifically, under different working conditions to be used, the shaft end rotation angles to be used corresponding to the finite element models to be used are different, in order to determine the shaft end rotation angle to be used under each working condition, the rotation radians of the finite elements to be used in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical coordinate system can be set based on the flexible unit, such as the RBE3 unit, then the rotation radians to be used are calculated through the rotation angle determining function, the rotation angles to be used of the finite element models to be used in the corresponding rotation directions are obtained, and the shaft end rotation angles to be used of the finite element models to be used are determined based on the rotation angles to be used.
Wherein the rotation angle determining function may be represented by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003676216890000081
UR represents a shaft end corner to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used; UR 1 Representing the arc of rotation, UR, in the transverse direction of the finite element model to be used 1 And representing the rotation radian of the finite element model to be used in the longitudinal direction, wherein theta is the rotation angle of the shaft end to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used.
And S130, determining a target shaft end corner based on each shaft end corner to be used, and determining a matching tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner meets a preset corner condition.
The target shaft end corner can be understood as a shaft end corner corresponding to the finite element model to be used after the finite element model to be used applies the load to be used. The preset rotation angle condition may be understood as a preset rotation angle range, and may be set to 0.2 °, for example. The fit tolerance to be used is understood to be a fit tolerance corresponding to the finite element model to be used, and the fit tolerance corresponding to the target bearing structure can be determined based on the fit tolerance to be used of the finite element model to be used.
Specifically, whether the rigidity of the target bearing structure is qualified or not can be determined based on the target shaft end corner of the finite element model to be used, and when the target shaft end corner meets a preset corner condition, the rigidity of the target bearing structure is qualified. When the rigidity corresponding to the target bearing structure is qualified, further, the matching tolerance corresponding to the determination of the finite element model to be used can be determined, and then the matching tolerance corresponding to the target bearing structure is determined according to the matching tolerance of the finite element model to be used.
According to the technical scheme, the finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure is determined, the finite element simulation is carried out on each bearing structure in the target bearing structure, the sub-model to be used corresponding to each bearing structure can be obtained, the sub-models to be used are connected based on the connection relation between the bearing structures, and the finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure can be obtained. Determining the load to be used of the finite element model to be used under at least one working condition to be used, determining the shaft end corner to be used of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used based on each load to be used, applying the corresponding load to be used to the finite element model to be used under different working conditions to be used, determining the shaft end corner to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used under each working condition to be used, and determining the target shaft end corner corresponding to the finite element model to be used according to each shaft end corner to be used. Determining a target shaft end corner based on each shaft end corner to be used, determining a matching tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner meets a preset corner condition, detecting the target shaft end corner based on a preset corner area, and solving a deformation amount corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner is in a preset corner interval so as to determine the matching tolerance corresponding to the finite element model to be used according to the deformation amount. The problem of the fit tolerance of three bearing structure be difficult to accurate definite is solved, the effect of the fit tolerance between the quick accurate definite three bearing structure has been got.
Example two
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for determining a matching tolerance according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and optionally, a target shaft end rotation angle is determined based on each to-be-used shaft end rotation angle, and when the target shaft end rotation angle satisfies a preset rotation angle condition, the to-be-used matching tolerance corresponding to the to-be-used finite element model is determined for refining.
As shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
and S210, determining a finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure.
S220, determining the load to be used of the finite element model to be used under at least one working condition to be used, and determining the shaft end rotation angle to be used of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used based on each load to be used.
And S230, overlapping the shaft end turning angles to be used corresponding to the working conditions to be used to obtain the target shaft end turning angle.
Specifically, under different working conditions to be used, after the shaft end turn angles to be used corresponding to the finite element models to be used are obtained, the shaft end turn angles to be used are superposed, and a target shaft end turn angle can be obtained.
Illustratively, under the working condition of gear force, the rotation angle of the shaft end to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used is 0.1 °, under the working condition of eccentric force, the rotation angle of the shaft end to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used is 0.02 °, and the rotation angle of the target shaft end corresponding to the finite element model to be used is 0.12 °.
S240, detecting the target shaft end corner based on the preset corner interval, and determining the matching tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner belongs to the preset corner interval.
The preset rotation angle interval may be understood as a rotation angle range preset according to actual requirements, for example, the preset rotation angle range may be set to be less than 0.2 °.
Optionally, determining a fit tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used includes: determining a deformation amount to be used of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used based on the deformation amount determining function; carrying out linear superposition processing on each deformation to be used to obtain a target deformation corresponding to the finite element model to be used; and setting the fit tolerance to be used of the finite element model to be used according to the target deformation.
The deformation amount determining function may be a function for calculating a deformation amount generated by the finite element model to be used after applying different loads to be used to the finite element model to be used, for example, a newton raphson method, and it may be understood that the deformation amount corresponding to the target bearing structure may be determined based on the deformation amount corresponding to the finite element model to be used. The deformation to be used can be understood as the deformation corresponding to the finite element model to be used under each working condition to be used. The target deformation amount can be understood as a deformation amount corresponding to the finite element model to be used, taking into full consideration the influence of each load to be used on the finite element model to be used.
Specifically, different loads to be used are applied to the finite element model to be used, and the finite element model to be used is processed through the deformation determining function, so that the deformation to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used can be obtained. Further, the deformation amounts to be used are linearly superposed to obtain a target deformation amount, so that the fit tolerance to be used of the finite element model to be used is set according to the target deformation amount. When the fit tolerance to be used is set, the fit tolerance to be used may be larger than the target deformation amount.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the shaft end turning angles to be used corresponding to the working conditions to be used are subjected to superposition processing to obtain the target shaft end turning angle, and whether the rigidity of the target bearing structure corresponding to the meta-model to be used is qualified or not is determined according to the target shaft end turning angle. And detecting the target shaft end corner based on a preset corner interval, determining a to-be-used fit tolerance corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner belongs to the preset corner interval, determining a to-be-used deformation amount corresponding to the finite element model to be used under different to-be-used working conditions, obtaining a target deformation amount, and setting the to-be-used fit tolerance according to the target deformation amount. The problem of the fit tolerance of three bearing structure be difficult to accurate definite is solved, the effect of the fit tolerance between the quick accurate definite three bearing structure has been got.
EXAMPLE III
In a specific example, a finite element model to be used corresponding to a target bearing structure is established, and each bearing part in the target bearing structure is gridded, as shown in fig. 3, the target bearing structure comprises a motor shaft 1, an input shaft 2, a front bearing 3, a middle bearing 4 and a rear bearing 5, and then the contact parts are assembled together by defining the contact relationship therebetween. Wherein, the torque transmission in the target bearing structure is carried out by the contact engagement between the motor shaft 1 and the input shaft 2 through the splines, and the engaging tooth surface of the motor shaft spline 101 and the input shaft spline 201 is thinned, as shown in fig. 4. The motor shaft spline 101 and the input shaft spline 201 are modeled by using axial symmetry, taking the motor shaft spline 101 as an example, the modeling process of the simplified model is described, based on the symmetrical characteristic of the motor shaft spline 101, referring to fig. 5, only a single spline tooth surface grid is built, and a complete motor shaft spline 101 grid model is built through axial symmetry. Considering both calculation precision and calculation speed, the spline tooth surface grids are divided into grids in a partition mode, the two ends of the thick painting in the middle of the spline tooth surface are thinned, and a spline tooth surface thinning grid 1011 and a spline tooth surface thick painting grid 1012 are formed.
In consideration of the calculation accuracy and calculation convergence of the interference contact, the contact areas of the motor shaft 1 and the input shaft 2 with the front bearing 3, the middle bearing 4 and the rear bearing 5 are cut to form regular geometric areas, so that unit nodes of grids of contact parts are in one-to-one correspondence, and the interference contact relation corresponding to the unit nodes is established.
In order to enable the finite element model to be used to be closer to each parameter of the target bearing structure and better simulate the target bearing structure, the material property of the finite element model to be used can be set according to the material property of the target bearing structure. For example, the finite element model is defined to have an elastic modulus E210000 MPa and a poisson ratio μ 0.3, and all the finite element models are linear elastic materials. Meanwhile, corresponding boundary conditions are applied to the finite element model to be used, wherein the boundary conditions of the model are divided into two types, one type is all degrees of freedom of the fixed bearing except axial rotation; the second type is to fix the axial rotational degree of freedom of the motor shaft 1. Specifically, the outer rings of the front bearing 3, the middle bearing 4 and the rear bearing 5 can be fixed to simulate the supporting effect of the reducer and the motor housing on the bearings. Taking the front bearing 3 as an example to illustrate the fixing process of the outer ring 31, referring to fig. 6, the fixing is performed by using RBE3 units 32, the unit nodes of the outer ring surface 33 are selected as principal points of the RBE3 units, the geometric center 34 of the bearing is selected as a principal point, referring to fig. 7, the RBE3 units 32 are unconstrained from points around 6 directions of the cylindrical coordinate system 6, all other degrees of freedom are constrained, the Z axis of the cylindrical coordinate system 6 is along the axial direction of the gear shaft, R is along the radial direction of the gear shaft, and t is determined by Z and R according to the right-hand criterion, referring to fig. 8. The axial rotation freedom of the motor shaft 1 is fixed by means of the RBE3 unit 11, the main point of the RBE3 unit 11 selects a unit node (figure 8) on the outer surface 12 of the motor shaft 1, the geometric center 13 (figure 9) of the motor shaft 1 is selected from the main point, and only the RBE3 unit 11 is restrained from the 6-direction freedom of the point around the cylindrical coordinate system 6.
Further, under different operating modes to be used, corresponding loads to be used are applied to the finite element model to be used, wherein the operating modes to be used comprise a gear force operating mode and an eccentric force operating mode, and the loads to be used comprise a gear meshing load and an eccentric force load. Applying gear meshing force, and establishing RBE3 units 24 by taking the primary driving gear meshing node 21 as a slave point and taking unit nodes on the adjacent tooth surface 22 and the tooth surface 23 as main points; calculating gear meshing force according to the input shaft transmission torque M, gear meshing parameters and a gear load calculation formula, and applying the gear meshing force to a primary driving gear meshing node 21; the gear mesh forces including circumferential force F t Radial force F r And axial force F a This is applied by means of a local cylindrical coordinate system 6 defined on the input shaft axis.
Wherein the gear mesh load to be applied using the finite element model can be determined by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003676216890000141
wherein, F t Representing the circumferential force, F, corresponding to the finite element model to be used r Representing the radial force, F, corresponding to the finite element model to be used a Representing the axial force corresponding to the finite element model to be used, M is the torque transmitted by each gear in the finite element model to be used, d represents the pitch circle diameter of the gear in the finite element model to be used, a n Represents the gear normal pressure angle and beta represents the helix angle at the gear pitch circle.
Before determining the fit tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used, it is first determined whether the stiffness corresponding to the finite element model to be used is qualified, and specifically, it is determined whether the stiffness of the finite element model to be used is qualified according to whether a target shaft end corner corresponding to the finite element to be used belongs to a preset corner interval. When the target shaft end corner is determined, it can be understood that the shaft end corners to be used under different working conditions to be used are different, and the corresponding shaft end corners to be used of the finite element model to be used under each working condition to be used are obtained through the corner determining function:
the rotation angle determination function may be represented by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003676216890000142
wherein UR represents a shaft end corner to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used; UR 1 Representing the arc of rotation, UR, in the transverse direction of the finite element model to be used 1 And the rotation radian of the finite element model to be used in the longitudinal direction is shown, and theta is the rotation angle of the shaft end to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used.
And after the shaft end turning angles to be used under the working conditions to be used are obtained, the shaft end turning angles to be used are superposed to obtain the target shaft end turning angle. And when the target shaft end corner meets the preset corner condition, the rigidity of the finite element model to be used is qualified, and the deformation of the finite element model to be used under each working condition to be used is further determined.
The deformation to be used can be determined according to a Newton-Larson method, after the deformation to be used is obtained, the deformation to be used is linearly superposed to obtain a target deformation, then the matching tolerance to be used of the finite element model to be used can be set according to the target deformation, and the matching tolerance corresponding to the target bearing structure is determined according to the matching tolerance to be used. It should be noted that the tolerance of the fit to be used is greater than the maximum amount of deformation.
According to the technical scheme, the finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure is determined, the finite element simulation is carried out on each bearing structure in the target bearing structure, the sub-models to be used corresponding to each bearing structure can be obtained, the sub-models to be used are connected based on the connection relation between the bearing structures, and the finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure can be obtained. Determining the load to be used of the finite element model to be used under at least one working condition to be used, determining the shaft end corner to be used of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used based on each load to be used, applying the corresponding load to be used to the finite element model to be used under different working conditions to be used, determining the shaft end corner to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used under each working condition to be used, and determining the target shaft end corner corresponding to the finite element model to be used according to each shaft end corner to be used. Determining a target shaft end corner based on each shaft end corner to be used, determining a matching tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner meets a preset corner condition, detecting the target shaft end corner based on a preset corner area, and solving a deformation of the target shaft end corner corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner is in a preset corner interval so as to determine the matching tolerance corresponding to the finite element model to be used according to the deformation. The problem of the fit tolerance of three bearing structure be difficult to accurate definite is solved, the effect of the fit tolerance between the quick accurate definite three bearing structure has been got.
Example four
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a fitting tolerance determining apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, where the apparatus includes: finite element model determination module 310, shaft end rotation angle determination module 320, and fit tolerance determination module 330.
The finite element model determining module 310 is configured to determine a finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure; the target bearing structure comprises at least one of a fixed bearing, an input shaft and a motor shaft;
the shaft end corner determining module 320 is used for determining the load to be used of the finite element model to be used under at least one working condition to be used, and determining the shaft end corner to be used of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used based on each load to be used;
and the fit tolerance determining module 330 is configured to determine a target shaft end corner based on each to-be-used shaft end corner, and determine a to-be-used fit tolerance corresponding to the to-be-used finite element model when the target shaft end corner meets a preset corner condition.
According to the technical scheme, the finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure is determined, the finite element simulation is carried out on each bearing structure in the target bearing structure, the sub-model to be used corresponding to each bearing structure can be obtained, the sub-models to be used are connected based on the connection relation between the bearing structures, and the finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure can be obtained. Determining the load to be used of the finite element model to be used under at least one working condition to be used, determining the shaft end corner to be used of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used based on each load to be used, applying the corresponding load to be used to the finite element model to be used under different working conditions to be used, determining the shaft end corner to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used under each working condition to be used, and determining the target shaft end corner corresponding to the finite element model to be used according to each shaft end corner to be used. Determining a target shaft end corner based on each shaft end corner to be used, determining a matching tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner meets a preset corner condition, detecting the target shaft end corner based on a preset corner area, and solving a deformation amount corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner is in a preset corner interval so as to determine the matching tolerance corresponding to the finite element model to be used according to the deformation amount. The problem that the fit tolerance of the three bearing structures is difficult to accurately determine is solved, and the effect of quickly and accurately determining the fit tolerance between the three bearing structures is achieved.
Optionally, the finite element model determining module includes: the sub-model to be used determining sub-module is used for simulating each bearing structure in the target bearing structure based on finite element simulation software to obtain a sub-model to be used corresponding to each bearing structure;
and the finite element model determining submodule is used for constructing a finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure based on each sub-model to be used.
Optionally, the shaft end rotation angle determining module includes: the gear meshing load applying submodule is used for applying a gear meshing load to the finite element model to be used when the working condition to be used is a gear force working condition;
and the eccentric force load applying submodule is used for applying the eccentric force load to the finite element model to be used when the working condition to be used is the eccentric force working condition.
Optionally, the shaft end rotation angle determining module includes: the rotating radian determining submodule is used for determining the rotating radian to be used of the finite element model to be used in at least one rotating direction under the current working condition to be used aiming at each working condition to be used;
the rotation angle determining submodule is used for processing each rotation radian to be used based on the rotation angle determining function to obtain the rotation angle to be used of the finite element model to be used in the corresponding rotation direction;
and the shaft end corner determining submodule is used for superposing the rotation corners to be used to obtain the shaft end corners to be used corresponding to the finite element models to be used.
Optionally, the fitting tolerance determining module includes: the target shaft end corner determining submodule is used for performing superposition processing on the shaft end corners to be used corresponding to the working conditions to be used to obtain the target shaft end corners;
and the fit tolerance determining submodule is used for detecting the target shaft end corner based on the preset corner interval, and determining the fit tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner belongs to the preset corner interval.
Optionally, the fitting tolerance determining submodule includes: the deformation amount to be used determining unit is used for determining the deformation amount to be used of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used based on the deformation amount determining function;
the target deformation determining unit is used for performing linear superposition processing on each deformation to be used to obtain a target deformation corresponding to the finite element model to be used;
and the fit tolerance determining unit is used for setting the fit tolerance to be used of the finite element model to be used according to the target deformation.
Optionally, the fit tolerance to be used is greater than the target deformation.
The fit tolerance determining device provided by the embodiment of the invention can execute the fit tolerance determining method provided by any embodiment of the invention, and has corresponding functional modules and beneficial effects of the executing method.
EXAMPLE five
FIG. 9 illustrates a schematic diagram of an electronic device 10 that may be used to implement embodiments of the present invention. Electronic devices are intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptops, desktops, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframes, and other appropriate computers. The electronic device may also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital assistants, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices (e.g., helmets, glasses, watches, etc.), and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions, are meant to be exemplary only, and are not meant to limit implementations of the inventions described and/or claimed herein.
As shown in fig. 9, the electronic device 10 includes at least one processor 11, and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor 11, such as a Read Only Memory (ROM)12, a Random Access Memory (RAM)13, and the like, wherein the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor, and the processor 11 can perform various suitable actions and processes according to the computer program stored in the Read Only Memory (ROM)12 or the computer program loaded from a storage unit 18 into the Random Access Memory (RAM) 13. In the RAM 13, various programs and data necessary for the operation of the electronic apparatus 10 can also be stored. The processor 11, the ROM 12, and the RAM 13 are connected to each other via a bus 14. An input/output (I/O) interface 15 is also connected to bus 14.
A number of components in the electronic device 10 are connected to the I/O interface 15, including: an input unit 16 such as a keyboard, a mouse, or the like; an output unit 17 such as various types of displays, speakers, and the like; a storage unit 18 such as a magnetic disk, optical disk, or the like; and a communication unit 19 such as a network card, modem, wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 19 allows the electronic device 10 to exchange information/data with other devices via a computer network such as the internet and/or various telecommunication networks.
The processor 11 may be a variety of general and/or special purpose processing components having processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of processor 11 include, but are not limited to, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), various dedicated Artificial Intelligence (AI) computing chips, various processors running machine learning model algorithms, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), and any suitable processor, controller, microcontroller, and so forth. The processor 11 performs the various methods and processes described above, such as the fit tolerance determination method.
In some embodiments, the fit tolerance determination method may be implemented as a computer program tangibly embodied in a computer-readable storage medium, such as storage unit 18. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program may be loaded and/or installed onto the electronic device 10 via the ROM 12 and/or the communication unit 19. When the computer program is loaded into RAM 13 and executed by processor 11, one or more steps of the fit tolerance determination method described above may be performed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the processor 11 may be configured to perform the fit tolerance determination method by any other suitable means (e.g., by means of firmware).
Various implementations of the systems and techniques described here above may be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuitry, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Application Specific Standard Products (ASSPs), system on a chip (SOCs), load programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and/or combinations thereof. These various embodiments may include: implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and/or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be special or general purpose, receiving data and instructions from, and transmitting data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.
A computer program for implementing the methods of the present invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These computer programs may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing apparatus, such that the computer programs, when executed by the processor, cause the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block or blocks to be performed. A computer program can execute entirely on a machine, partly on a machine, as a stand-alone software package partly on a machine and partly on a remote machine or entirely on a remote machine or server.
In the context of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium may be a tangible medium that can contain, or store a computer program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A computer readable storage medium may include, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. Alternatively, the computer readable storage medium may be a machine readable signal medium. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
To provide for interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described here can be implemented on an electronic device having: a display device (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor) for displaying information to a user; and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) by which a user may provide input to the electronic device. Other kinds of devices may also be used to provide for interaction with a user; for example, feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user may be received in any form, including acoustic, speech, or tactile input.
The systems and techniques described here can be implemented in a computing system that includes a back-end component (e.g., as a data server), or that includes a middleware component (e.g., an application server), or that includes a front-end component (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which a user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described here), or any combination of such back-end, middleware, or front-end components. The components of the system can be interconnected by any form or medium of digital data communication (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), blockchain networks, and the internet.
The computer system may include clients and servers. A client and server are generally remote from each other and typically interact through a communication network. The relationship of client and server arises by virtue of computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship to each other. The server can be a cloud server, also called a cloud computing server or a cloud host, and is a host product in a cloud computing service system, so that the defects of high management difficulty and weak service expansibility in the traditional physical host and VPS service are overcome.
It should be understood that various forms of the flows shown above, reordering, adding or deleting steps, may be used. For example, the steps described in the present invention may be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in different orders, and are not limited herein as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present invention can be achieved.
The above-described embodiments should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and substitutions may be made, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A fitting tolerance determining method, comprising:
determining a finite element model to be used corresponding to a target bearing structure; the target bearing structure comprises at least one of a fixed bearing, an input shaft and a motor shaft;
determining the load to be used of the finite element model to be used under at least one working condition to be used, and determining the shaft end corner to be used of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used based on each load to be used;
and determining a target shaft end corner based on each shaft end corner to be used, and determining the matching tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner meets the preset corner condition.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a finite element model to be used corresponding to a target bearing structure comprises:
simulating each bearing structure in the target bearing structure based on finite element simulation software to obtain a sub-model to be used corresponding to each bearing structure;
and constructing a finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure based on each sub-model to be used.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the conditions to be used comprise a gear force condition and an eccentric force condition, the loads to be used comprise a gear mesh load and an eccentric force load, and the determining the loads to be used of the finite element model to be used in at least one condition to be used comprises:
when the working condition to be used is the gear force working condition, applying gear meshing load to the finite element model to be used;
and when the working condition to be used is the eccentric force working condition, applying an eccentric force load to the finite element model to be used.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the determining of the to-be-used shaft end rotation angle of the finite element model under the corresponding to-be-used working condition comprises the following steps:
determining a rotation radian to be used of the finite element model to be used in at least one rotation direction under the current working condition to be used aiming at each working condition to be used;
processing each rotation radian to be used based on a rotation angle determining function to obtain a rotation angle to be used of the finite element model to be used in the corresponding rotation direction;
and superposing the rotation angles to be used to obtain the shaft end rotation angle to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein determining a target shaft end rotation angle based on each to-be-used shaft end rotation angle, and determining a to-be-used fit tolerance corresponding to the to-be-used finite element model when the target shaft end rotation angle satisfies a preset rotation angle condition comprises:
superposing the to-be-used shaft end turning angles corresponding to the to-be-used working conditions to obtain the target shaft end turning angle;
and detecting the target shaft end corner based on a preset corner interval, and determining the matching tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner belongs to the preset corner interval.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the determining a fit tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used comprises:
determining a deformation amount to be used of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding working condition to be used based on a deformation amount determining function;
carrying out linear superposition processing on each deformation to be used to obtain a target deformation corresponding to the finite element model to be used;
and setting the fit tolerance to be used of the finite element model to be used according to the target deformation.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the fit tolerance to be used is greater than the target deformation.
8. A fitting tolerance determining apparatus, comprising:
the finite element model determining module is used for determining a finite element model to be used corresponding to the target bearing structure; the target bearing structure comprises at least one of a fixed bearing, an input shaft and a motor shaft;
the shaft end corner determining module is used for determining the to-be-used load of the finite element model to be used under at least one to-be-used working condition and determining the to-be-used shaft end corner of the finite element model to be used under the corresponding to-be-used working condition based on each to-be-used load;
and the matching tolerance determining module is used for determining a target shaft end corner based on each shaft end corner to be used, and determining the matching tolerance to be used corresponding to the finite element model to be used when the target shaft end corner meets a preset corner condition.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
one or more processors; and
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the memory stores a computer program executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the fit tolerance determination method of any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions for causing a processor to perform the fit tolerance determination method of any one of claims 1-7 when executed.
CN202210624381.5A 2022-06-02 2022-06-02 Method and device for determining fit tolerance, electronic equipment and storage medium Pending CN115034110A (en)

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