CN115032652A - Ozone differential absorption laser radar system and atmospheric ozone distribution detection method - Google Patents
Ozone differential absorption laser radar system and atmospheric ozone distribution detection method Download PDFInfo
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- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 claims description 33
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- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005427 atmospheric aerosol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005436 troposphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/65—Raman scattering
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of atmospheric ozone detection, in particular to an ozone differential absorption laser radar system and an atmospheric ozone distribution detection method, wherein the ozone differential absorption laser radar system comprises: a laser emitting device that emits a laser beam of a first wavelength; the laser beam with the first wavelength passes through the wavelength conversion device to respectively generate a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength; and the laser receiving device receives echo signals, and the echo signals are obtained by backscattering the laser beams with the first wavelength, the laser beams with the second wavelength and the laser beams with the third wavelength in an atmosphere layer. The radar system provided by the invention has the advantages of simple technology, lower cost and convenience in maintenance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of atmospheric ozone detection, in particular to an ozone differential absorption laser radar system and an atmospheric ozone distribution detection method
Background
Although ozone plays an important role in protecting human and environment in the stratosphere, if the concentration of ozone in the troposphere is increased, the ozone can bring serious harm to human, animal and plant growth and ecological environment, and plays an important role in troposphere photochemistry, atmospheric environmental quality and ecological environment. The differential absorption laser radar technology becomes an effective means for detecting the distribution of atmospheric ozone due to the advantages of high spatial resolution, rapidness, real-time performance, large dynamic range and the like.
At present, a laser is generally used for emitting laser source pumping gas (such as hydrogen, deuterium and CO2) Raman tubes to generate corresponding Raman lasers with different wavelengths, the Raman lasers and the laser source are emitted into the atmosphere after beam expanding and collimating, are scattered and absorbed by particles in the atmosphere after being attenuated by the atmosphere, and form differential absorption by utilizing different ozone to absorb the Raman lasers with different wavelengths to different extent; after the scattering and absorption of atmospheric particles and ozone, the backscattered laser is subjected to atmospheric extinction again in the returning path, then is received by a receiving optical system, is subjected to photoelectric conversion by a photoelectric detector, and finally is used for collecting echo signals, so that ozone concentration spatial distribution information can be obtained by using a differential absorption algorithm. Systems based on tunable laser sources or OPO tuning techniques are generally complex, costly and inconvenient to maintain.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides an ozone differential absorption lidar system and an atmospheric ozone distribution detection method, which are aimed at solving at least one problem in the prior art.
A first aspect of the present invention provides an ozone differential absorption lidar system, comprising: a laser emitting device that emits a laser beam of a first wavelength; the laser beam with the first wavelength passes through the wavelength conversion device to respectively generate a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength; and the laser receiving device receives echo signals, and the echo signals are obtained by backscattering the laser beams with the first wavelength, the laser beams with the second wavelength and the laser beams with the third wavelength in an atmosphere layer. The radar system provided by the invention has the advantages of simple technology, lower cost and convenience in maintenance.
Optionally, the laser emitting device includes: a laser emitting a laser beam at a first wavelength, the first wavelength being 266 nm. The 266nm laser has the advantages of mature technology and easy realization.
Optionally, the shock wavelength conversion device comprises: the laser beam with the first wavelength passes through the Raman tube and then generates a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength respectively; the second wavelength is 287nm, and the third wavelength is 299 nm. The invention uses 266nm laser to pump Raman tube, to generate 287nm and 299nm laser beam, which is simple, reliable and safe.
Optionally, the ozone differential absorption lidar system further comprises: the telescope receives the echo signal and outputs the echo signal receiving laser device to the laser receiving device. The invention is more beneficial to receiving the echo signal by adopting the telescope.
Optionally, the ozone differential absorption lidar system further comprises a beam expander, a first reflector and a second reflector, and the composite laser beam passing through the beam expander, the first reflector and the second reflector respectively is coaxially arranged with the telescope; or the composite laser beam after passing through the beam expander, the first reflector and the second reflector respectively is arranged off-axis with the telescope; the composite laser beam includes the laser beam of the first wavelength, the laser beam of the second wavelength, and the laser beam of the third wavelength. The invention adopts a coaxial transmitting and receiving mode to reduce the radar blind area as much as possible and improve the use value of radar data; alternatively, the effect of near-field echo saturation may be reduced by using an off-axis approach.
Optionally, the echo signals comprise a first echo signal, a second echo signal, and a third echo signal; the first echo signal, the second echo signal and the third echo signal are respectively obtained by backscattering a laser beam with a first wavelength, a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength in an atmosphere.
Optionally, the laser receiving apparatus includes: a first detector that receives the first echo signal; a second detector that receives the second echo signal; a third detector that receives the second echo signal; a fourth detector that receives the third echo signal; a fifth detector that receives the third echo signal.
Optionally, the ozone differential absorption lidar system further comprises: the light source comprises a diaphragm, a first lens and a first optical filter, wherein the diaphragm, the first lens and the first optical filter are sequentially arranged on the light-emitting side of the telescope. The invention can enable the echo signal received by the telescope to form a collimated beam by combining the diaphragm, the first lens and the first optical filter.
Optionally, the ozone differential absorption lidar system further comprises: the first dichroic mirror, the second dichroic mirror, the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter; the light incident side of the first dichroic mirror is arranged on the light emergent side of the first optical filter; the light incident side of the second dichroic mirror is arranged on the light emergent side of the first dichroic mirror, and the first detector is arranged on the light emergent side of the first dichroic mirror; the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter are respectively arranged on the light emergent side of the second dichroic mirror; the second detector, the third detector, the fourth detector and the fifth detector are respectively arranged on the light emitting sides of the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter. The first beam splitter and the second beam splitter of the invention split the 287nm and 299nm echo signals, thus avoiding the influence of easy saturation of the echo signals.
The second aspect of the present invention provides an atmospheric ozone distribution detection method, including: providing a laser emitting device, wherein the laser emitting device emits a laser beam with a first wavelength; providing a wavelength conversion device, wherein the laser beam with the first wavelength passes through the wavelength conversion device to respectively generate a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength; and providing a laser receiving device, wherein the laser receiving device receives echo signals, and the echo signals are obtained by back scattering the laser beams with the first wavelength, the laser beams with the second wavelength and the laser beams with the third wavelength in the atmosphere.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of an ozone differential absorption lidar system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of an ozone differential absorption lidar system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of one embodiment of the atmospheric ozone distribution detection method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present application are given in the accompanying drawings. This application may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application.
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and it should be noted that the embodiments described herein are only for illustration and are not intended to limit the present invention. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that: it is not necessary to employ these specific details to practice the present invention. In other instances, well-known circuits, software, or methods have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
Throughout the specification, reference to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "one example," or "an example" means: the particular features, structures, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment of the invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment," "in an embodiment," "one example" or "an example" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable combination and/or sub-combination in one or more embodiments or examples. Further, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the illustrations provided herein are for illustrative purposes and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
The problems of the existing scheme are as follows: (1) systems based on tunable laser sources or OPO tuning technologies are generally complex in technology, high in cost and inconvenient to maintain; (2) generally, a solid laser is adopted to pump a Raman tube based on hydrogen and deuterium to generate Raman light, so that the problems of complex optical path structure and high pump source power requirement can exist, and the gas has a safety problem; (3) since the transmit and receive optical axes are relatively close (off-axis) or use an on-axis configuration, the near-field echo signals are easily saturated, affecting the measurement.
Based on this, the present application intends to provide a solution to the above technical problem, the details of which will be explained in the following embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the present application describes in detail an ozone differential absorption lidar system, which specifically includes:
a laser emitting device 23, the laser emitting device 23 emitting a laser beam of a first wavelength. In an alternative embodiment, the laser emitting device 23 comprises a laser emitting a laser beam at a first wavelength, the first wavelength being 266 nm. Still further, the lasers may include, but are not limited to, 266nm solid state lasers; in one or more other embodiments, the laser may be other types of lasers, not listed here.
A wavelength conversion device 24, wherein the wavelength conversion device 24 generates a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength respectively by the laser beam with the first wavelength; in an alternative embodiment, the shock wavelength conversion device 24 comprises: the laser beam with the first wavelength passes through the Raman tube and then respectively generates a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength; the second wavelength is 287nm, and the third wavelength is 299 nm. The invention uses a 266nm solid laser to pump a CO2 Raman tube, and further generates laser beams with the wavelengths of 287nm and 299 nm.
And the laser receiving device receives echo signals, and the echo signals are obtained by backscattering the laser beams with the first wavelength, the laser beams with the second wavelength and the laser beams with the third wavelength in an atmosphere layer.
In an optional embodiment, the echo signals include a first echo signal, a second echo signal, and a third echo signal; the first echo signal, the second echo signal and the third echo signal are respectively obtained by backscattering a laser beam with a first wavelength, a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength in an atmosphere.
In an alternative embodiment, the laser receiving apparatus may include: a first detector 18, the first detector 18 receiving a first echo signal; a second detector 19, said second detector 19 receiving a second echo signal; a third detector 20, said third detector 20 receiving a second echo signal; a fourth detector 21, wherein the fourth detector 21 receives a third echo signal; a fifth detector 22, said fifth detector 22 receiving the third echo signal. Further, the first detector 18 includes a 266nm laser detector, the second detector 19 includes a 287nm laser detector, the third detector 20 includes a 287nm laser detector, the fourth detector 21 includes a 299nm laser detector, and the fifth detector 22 includes a 299nm laser detector.
In an optional embodiment, the ozone differential absorption lidar system further comprises a telescope 1, and the telescope 1 receives the echo signal and outputs the received echo signal to the laser receiving device. Further, the telescope 1 comprises a primary mirror 28 and a secondary mirror 29, the primary mirror 28 and the secondary mirror 29 being coaxially arrangeable. In one embodiment, the telescope 1 may be a cassegrain telescope, and in another embodiment, the telescope 1 may also be another type of telescope, which is not described herein.
Referring to fig. 1 again, in an optional embodiment, the ozone differential absorption lidar system further includes a beam expander 27, a first reflector 25, and a second reflector 26, and a composite laser beam passing through the beam expander 27, the first reflector 25, and the second reflector 26 respectively is disposed coaxially with the telescope 1, where the composite laser beam includes the laser beam with the first wavelength, the laser beam with the second wavelength, and the laser beam with the third wavelength. When coaxial setting, the income light side of beam expander 27 set up in the light-emitting side of Raman tube, just beam expander 27 set up in telescope 1 is outside, the income light side of first speculum 25 set up in the light-emitting side of beam expander 27, the income light side of second mirror 26 set up in the light-emitting side of first speculum 25, just the second mirror 26 sets up on telescope 1's the secondary mirror 29. In the practical application process, a 266nm solid laser emits a 266nm laser beam to enter a Raman tube, and 287nm and 299nm Raman lasers are generated through a Raman frequency shift effect. Laser beams with the wavelengths of 266nm, 287nm and 299nm are emitted from the Raman tube, enter the beam expanding lens 27, are expanded and collimated, are reflected by the first reflecting mirror 25 and the second reflecting mirror 26, and are emitted into the atmosphere. The invention adopts a coaxial transmitting and receiving mode to reduce the dead zone of the radar as much as possible and improve the use value of the radar data.
Referring to fig. 2 again, in another alternative embodiment, the composite laser beam passing through the beam expander 27, the first reflector 25 and the second reflector 26 is disposed off-axis from the telescope 1; the composite laser beam includes the laser beam of the first wavelength, the laser beam of the second wavelength, and the laser beam of the third wavelength. When arranged off-axis, the beam expander 27 is arranged inside the telescope 1; the light incident side of the first reflector 25 is disposed at the light emergent side of the raman tube, the light incident side of the second reflector 26 is disposed at the light emergent side of the first reflector 25, and the light incident side of the beam expander 27 is disposed at the light emergent side of the second reflector 26. In the practical application process, a 266nm solid laser emits a 266nm laser beam to enter a Raman tube, and 287nm and 299nm Raman lasers are generated through a Raman frequency shift effect. The laser beams with the wavelengths of 266nm, 287nm and 299nm are emitted from the Raman tube, reflected by the first reflecting mirror 25 and the second reflecting mirror 26, enter the beam expanding mirror 27, expanded and collimated by the beam expanding mirror 27, and then emitted to the atmosphere. The invention adopts a mode of transmitting and receiving off-axis to reduce the influence of near-field echo saturation.
In an optional embodiment, the ozone differential absorption lidar system further comprises: diaphragm 2, first lens 3 and first light filter 4, diaphragm 2, first lens 3 and first light filter 4 set gradually in the light-emitting side of telescope 1. The backscattering echo signals of three wavelengths return and are received by the telescope 1, the echo signals are reflected by a primary mirror 28 and a secondary mirror 29 inside the telescope 1 and are focused on the center of the diaphragm 2, and the telescope 1 limits the angle of view of the reception through the diaphragm 2. The diverging light beam after passing through the diaphragm 2 is received and collimated by the first lens 3, and the collimated light beam is filtered by the first optical filter 4. Further, the first filter 4 may include, but is not limited to, a neutral density filter, and the first lens 3 includes, but is not limited to, a field of view lens.
In an optional embodiment, the ozone differential absorption lidar system further comprises: a first dichroic mirror 5, a second dichroic mirror 8, a first beam splitter 10 and a second beam splitter 12; the light incident side of the first dichroic mirror 5 is arranged on the light emergent side of the first optical filter 4; the light incident side of the second dichroic mirror 8 is arranged on the light emergent side of the first dichroic mirror 5, and the first detector 18 is arranged on the light emergent side of the first dichroic mirror 5; the first beam splitter 10 and the second beam splitter 12 are respectively arranged on the light outgoing side of the second dichroic mirror 8; the second detector 19, the third detector 20, the fourth detector 21, and the fifth detector 22 are respectively disposed at light emitting sides of the first beam splitter 10 and the second beam splitter 12. The first beam splitter 10 and the second beam splitter 12 of the invention split the echo signals of 287nm and 299nm, so that the influence of easy saturation of the echo signals can be avoided.
After passing through a first optical filter 4, the collimated light beam is split by a first dichroic mirror 5, wherein the reflected part is a light beam with 266nm wavelength, the light beam is filtered by a second optical filter 6 to obtain a single light beam with 266nm wavelength, and finally the single light beam is focused on a corresponding first detector 18 with 266nm wavelength by a second lens 13, wherein the single light beam is mainly a meter scattering echo signal with 266nm wavelength and is used for inverting the optical parameter profile of the atmospheric aerosol. In addition, the light of the transmitted portion of the light split by the first dichroic mirror 5, which contains the light beams with the wavelengths of 287nm and 299nm, is filtered out of an unnecessary background signal by the third filter 7, and is split by the second dichroic mirror 8. Still further, the second filter 6 includes, but is not limited to, an interference filter, the third filter 7 includes, but is not limited to, a band pass filter, and the second lens 13 includes, but is not limited to, a focusing lens.
When receiving the light beam with the wavelength of 287nm and the light beam with the wavelength of 299nm in the echo signal, the invention can respectively comprise the following two modes:
using direct reception (i.e. no dashed box part is included in fig. 1 or fig. 2): the reflected part of the light split by the first dichroic mirror 5 is a light beam with a wavelength of 287nm, and the light beam is filtered by the fourth optical filter 9 to obtain a single light beam with the wavelength of 287nm, and the light beam is focused on a second detector 19 with the wavelength of 287nm by a third lens 14, wherein the light beam is mainly a meter scattering echo signal with the wavelength of 287nm and is used for carrying out differential absorption and inversion on the concentration distribution of ozone. Wherein, the fourth filter 9 includes but is not limited to an interference filter, and the third lens 14 includes but is not limited to a focusing lens.
Using a 9:1 spectral reception mode (i.e., the inner part of fig. 1 or fig. 2, which contains a dashed box): the light beam with the wavelength of 287nm is split by the second dichroic mirror 8, the light beam with the wavelength of 287nm is obtained by filtering the light beam with the fourth optical filter 9, then the light beam is split by the first beam splitter 10, the light beam with the energy ratio of transmission to reflection of 9:1 is obtained, the light beam is focused on the corresponding second detector 19 and the third detector 20 with the wavelength of 287nm by the third lens 14 and the fourth lens 15, and the light beam is mainly a mie scattering echo signal with the wavelength of 287nm and is used for difference absorption inversion of the concentration distribution of ozone. Wherein the first beam splitter 10 includes, but is not limited to, a 9:1 beam splitter, and the fourth lens 15 includes, but is not limited to, a focusing lens.
Using direct reception (i.e. no part within the dashed box in fig. 1 or fig. 2): the transmission part of the light split by the second dichroic mirror 8 is a light beam with the wavelength of 299nm, the light beam is filtered by a fifth optical filter 11 to obtain a single light beam with the wavelength of 299nm, the light beam is focused on a fourth detector 21 with the wavelength of 299nm by a fifth lens 16, and the light beam is mainly a meter scattering echo signal with the wavelength of 299nm and is used for carrying out differential absorption and inversion on the concentration distribution of ozone. The fifth filter 11 is an interference filter, and the fifth lens 16 and the sixth lens 17 are both focusing lenses.
Using a 9:1 spectral reception mode (i.e., the inner part of fig. 1 or fig. 2, which contains a dashed box): the transmission part of the light split by the second dichroic mirror 8 is a light beam with the wavelength of 299nm, the light beam is filtered by a fourth optical filter 9 to obtain a single light beam with the wavelength of 299nm, the light split by the second beam splitter 12 is performed to respectively obtain light beams with the energy ratio of transmission to reflection being 9:1, the light beams are respectively focused on a corresponding fourth detector 21 and a corresponding fifth detector 22 with the wavelength of 299nm through a fifth lens 16 and a sixth lens 17, and the light beams are mainly meter scattering echo signals with the wavelength of 299nm and are used for carrying out differential absorption and inversion on the concentration distribution of ozone. Wherein the second beam splitter 12 includes, but is not limited to, a 9:1 beam splitter.
The ozone differential absorption laser radar system utilizes the back scattering measurement and the ozone differential absorption principle, and inverts the spatial distribution information of ozone through an ozone absorption characteristic algorithm. A9: 1 beam splitter is used for splitting 287nm and 299nm echo signals, and the influence of easy saturation of the echo signals can be avoided through an energy proportion algorithm.
Referring to fig. 3, the present application describes an atmospheric ozone distribution detection method in detail, where the method is applied to the ozone differential absorption laser radar system in the foregoing embodiment of the present invention, and the atmospheric ozone distribution detection method specifically includes:
s1, providing a laser emitting device that emits a laser beam of a first wavelength.
In an alternative embodiment, the laser emitting device comprises a laser emitting a laser beam at a first wavelength, the first wavelength being 266 nm. Still further, the lasers may include, but are not limited to, 266nm solid state lasers; in one or more other embodiments, the laser may be other types of lasers, not listed here.
S2, providing a wavelength conversion device, through which the laser beam with the first wavelength passes to generate a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength, respectively;
in an alternative embodiment, the shock wavelength conversion device comprises: the laser beam with the first wavelength passes through the Raman tube and then respectively generates a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength; the second wavelength is 287nm, and the third wavelength is 299 nm. The invention uses a 266nm solid laser to pump a CO2 Raman tube, and further generates laser beams with the wavelengths of 287nm and 299 nm.
And S3, providing a laser receiving device, wherein the laser receiving device receives echo signals, and the echo signals are obtained by backscattering the laser beams with the first wavelength, the laser beams with the second wavelength and the laser beams with the third wavelength in an atmosphere layer.
In an optional embodiment, the echo signals include a first echo signal, a second echo signal, and a third echo signal; the first echo signal, the second echo signal and the third echo signal are respectively obtained by backscattering a laser beam with a first wavelength, a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength in an atmosphere.
In an alternative embodiment, the laser receiving apparatus includes: a first detector that receives the first echo signal; a second detector that receives the second echo signal; a third detector that receives the second echo signal; a fourth detector that receives the third echo signal; a fifth detector that receives the third echo signal. Still further, the first detector comprises a 266nm laser detector, the second detector comprises a 287nm laser detector, the third detector comprises a 287nm laser detector, the fourth detector comprises a 299nm laser detector, and the fifth detector comprises a 299nm laser detector.
In another alternative embodiment, the atmospheric ozone distribution detection method further comprises:
and S4, providing a telescope, wherein the telescope receives the echo signal and outputs the echo signal receiving device to the laser receiving device.
In an alternative embodiment, the telescope comprises a primary mirror and a secondary mirror, which may be coaxially arranged. In one embodiment, the telescope may be a cassegrain telescope, and in another embodiment, the telescope may be another type of telescope, which is not described herein.
And S5, providing a beam expanding lens, a first reflecting mirror and a second reflecting mirror, and respectively passing through the beam expanding lens.
In one embodiment, the composite laser beam after the first mirror and the second mirror is disposed coaxially with the telescope, the composite laser beam including the laser beam of the first wavelength, the laser beam of the second wavelength, and the laser beam of the third wavelength.
When coaxial setting, the income light side of beam expander set up in the light-emitting side of Raman pipe, the beam expander set up in the telescope is outside, the income light side of first speculum set up in the light-emitting side of beam expander, the income light side of second reflector set up in the light-emitting side of first speculum, just the second reflector sets up on the secondary mirror of telescope. In the practical application process, a 266nm solid laser emits a 266nm laser beam to enter a Raman tube, and 287nm and 299nm Raman lasers are generated through a Raman frequency shift effect. Laser beams with the wavelengths of 266nm, 287nm and 299nm are emitted from the Raman tube, enter the beam expanding lens, are expanded and collimated, are reflected by the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror, and are emitted into the atmosphere. The invention adopts a coaxial transmitting and receiving mode to reduce the dead zone of the radar as much as possible and improve the use value of the radar data.
In another alternative embodiment, the composite laser beam after passing through the beam expander, the first reflector and the second reflector respectively is arranged off-axis with the telescope; the composite laser beam includes the laser beam of the first wavelength, the laser beam of the second wavelength, and the laser beam of the third wavelength. When the beam expander is arranged in an off-axis mode, the beam expander is arranged inside the telescope; the light-in side of the first reflector is arranged on the light-out side of the Raman tube, the light-in side of the second reflector is arranged on the light-out side of the first reflector, and the light-in side of the beam expander is arranged on the light-out side of the second reflector. In the practical application process, a 266nm solid laser emits a 266nm laser beam to enter a Raman tube, and the 287nm and 299nm Raman lasers are generated through a Raman frequency shift effect. Laser beams with the wavelengths of 266nm, 287nm and 299nm are emitted from the Raman tube, reflected by the first reflecting mirror and the second reflecting mirror, enter the beam expanding mirror, expanded and collimated, and then are emitted into the atmosphere. The invention adopts a mode of transmitting and receiving off-axis to reduce the influence of near-field echo saturation.
And S6, providing a diaphragm, a first lens and a first optical filter, wherein the diaphragm, the first lens and the first optical filter are sequentially arranged on the light emergent side of the telescope.
In an alternative embodiment, three wavelengths of backscattered echo signals are returned and received by the telescope. The echo signal is reflected by a primary mirror and a secondary mirror inside the telescope and is focused at the center of a diaphragm, and the telescope limits the received field angle through the diaphragm. The divergent light beams passing through the diaphragm are received and collimated by the first lens, and the collimated light beams are filtered by the first optical filter. Further, the first filter may include, but is not limited to, a neutral density filter, and the first lens includes, but is not limited to, a field of view lens.
S7, providing a first dichroic mirror, a second dichroic mirror, a first beam splitter and a second beam splitter.
In an optional embodiment, the light incident side of the first dichroic mirror is disposed on the light emergent side of the first optical filter; the light incident side of the second dichroic mirror is arranged on the light emergent side of the first dichroic mirror, and the first detector is arranged on the light emergent side of the first dichroic mirror; the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter are respectively arranged on the light emergent side of the second dichroic mirror; the second detector, the third detector, the fourth detector and the fifth detector are respectively arranged on the light-emitting sides of the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter. The first beam splitter and the second beam splitter of the invention split the 287nm and 299nm echo signals, thus avoiding the influence of easy saturation of the echo signals.
After passing through a first optical filter, the collimated light beams are split by a first dichroic mirror, wherein the reflection part is a light beam with 266nm wavelength, the light beam is filtered by a second optical filter to obtain a single light beam with 266nm wavelength, and finally the single light beam is focused on a corresponding first detector with 266nm wavelength by a second lens, wherein the single light beam is mainly a meter scattering echo signal with 266nm wavelength and is used for inverting the atmospheric aerosol optical parameter profile. In addition, the light of the transmission part in the light split by the first dichroic mirror comprises light beams with the wavelengths of 287nm and 299nm, redundant background signals are filtered out through a third optical filter, and the light is split through the second dichroic mirror. Still further, the second filter includes, but is not limited to, an interference filter, the third filter includes, but is not limited to, a bandpass filter, and the second lens includes, but is not limited to, a focusing lens.
When receiving the light beam with the wavelength of 287nm and the light beam with the wavelength of 299nm in the echo signal, the invention can respectively comprise the following two modes:
using a direct reception mode: the reflected part of the light split by the first dichroic mirror is a light beam with the wavelength of 287nm, the light beam is filtered by a fourth optical filter to obtain a single light beam with the wavelength of 287nm, the light beam is focused on a second detector with the wavelength of 287nm by a third lens, and the second detector is mainly a meter scattering echo signal with the wavelength of 287nm and is used for carrying out differential absorption inversion on the concentration distribution of ozone. Wherein the fourth filter includes but is not limited to an interference filter, and the third lens includes but is not limited to a focusing lens.
Using a 9:1 spectral reception method: the reflected part of the light split by the second dichroic mirror is a light beam with the wavelength of 287nm, the light is filtered by a fourth optical filter to obtain a single light beam with the wavelength of 287nm, the light is split by the first beam splitter to respectively obtain light beams with the energy ratio of transmission to reflection of 9:1, the light beams are respectively focused on a corresponding second detector and a corresponding third detector with the wavelength of 287nm by a third lens and a fourth lens, and the light beams are mainly meter scattering echo signals with the wavelength of 287nm and are used for carrying out differential absorption inversion on the concentration distribution of ozone. Wherein the first beam splitter includes, but is not limited to, a 9:1 beam splitter and the fourth lens includes, but is not limited to, a focusing lens.
Using a direct reception mode: the transmission part of the light split by the second dichroic mirror is a light beam with the wavelength of 299nm, the light beam with the single wavelength of 299nm is obtained by filtering the light beam through a fifth optical filter, the light beam is focused on a fourth detector with the wavelength of 299nm through a fifth lens, and the light beam is mainly a meter scattering echo signal with the wavelength of 299nm and is used for carrying out differential absorption inversion on the concentration distribution of ozone. The fifth optical filter is an interference optical filter, and the fifth lens and the sixth lens are both focusing lenses.
Using a 9:1 spectral reception method: the transmission part of light split by the second dichroic mirror is a light beam with the wavelength of 299nm, the light beam with the single wavelength of 299nm is obtained by filtering light through a fifth light filter, then the light is split by the second beam splitter, light beams with the energy ratio of transmission to reflection being 9:1 are obtained respectively, the light beams are focused on a fourth detector and a fifth detector which correspond to 299nm through a fifth lens and a sixth lens respectively, and the light beams are mainly meter scattering echo signals with the wavelength of 299nm and used for difference absorption and inversion of concentration distribution of ozone. Wherein the second beam splitter includes, but is not limited to, a 9:1 beam splitter,
the atmospheric ozone distribution detection method provided by the invention utilizes the back scattering measurement and the ozone differential absorption principle, and inverts the spatial distribution information of ozone through an ozone absorption characteristic algorithm. A9: 1 beam splitter is used for splitting 287nm and 299nm echo signals, and the influence of easy saturation of the echo signals can be avoided through an energy proportion algorithm.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. An ozone differential absorption lidar system comprising:
a laser emitting device that emits a laser beam of a first wavelength;
the wavelength conversion device is used for generating a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength after the laser beam with the first wavelength passes through the wavelength conversion device;
and the laser receiving device receives echo signals, and the echo signals are obtained by backscattering the laser beams with the first wavelength, the laser beams with the second wavelength and the laser beams with the third wavelength in an atmosphere layer.
2. The ozone differential absorption lidar system of claim 1, wherein the laser transmitter comprises:
a laser emitting a laser beam at a first wavelength, the first wavelength being 266 nm.
3. The ozone differential absorption lidar system of claim 2, wherein the shock wavelength conversion device comprises:
the laser beam with the first wavelength passes through the Raman tube and then generates a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength respectively; the second wavelength is 287nm, and the third wavelength is 299 nm.
4. The ozone differential absorption lidar system of claim 3, further comprising:
the telescope receives the echo signal and outputs the echo signal receiving laser device to the laser receiving device.
5. The ozone differential absorption lidar system of claim 4, further comprising a beam expander, a first mirror, and a second mirror, wherein:
the composite laser beam passing through the beam expander, the first reflector and the second reflector respectively is coaxially arranged with the telescope; or
The composite laser beam passing through the beam expander, the first reflector and the second reflector is arranged off-axis with the telescope;
the composite laser beam includes the laser beam of the first wavelength, the laser beam of the second wavelength, and the laser beam of the third wavelength.
6. The ozone differential absorption lidar system of claim 3, wherein:
the echo signals comprise a first echo signal, a second echo signal and a third echo signal;
the first echo signal, the second echo signal and the third echo signal are respectively obtained by backscattering a laser beam with a first wavelength, a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength in an atmosphere.
7. The ozone differential absorption lidar system of claim 6, wherein the laser receiving device comprises:
a first detector that receives the first echo signal;
a second detector that receives the second echo signal;
a third detector that receives the second echo signal;
a fourth detector that receives the third echo signal;
a fifth detector that receives the third echo signal.
8. The ozone differential absorption lidar system of claim 6, further comprising:
the light source comprises a diaphragm, a first lens and a first optical filter, wherein the diaphragm, the first lens and the first optical filter are sequentially arranged on the light emergent side of the telescope.
9. The ozone differential absorption lidar system of claim 8, further comprising:
the first dichroic mirror, the second dichroic mirror, the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter;
the light incident side of the first dichroic mirror is arranged on the light emergent side of the first optical filter;
the light incident side of the second dichroic mirror is arranged on the light emergent side of the first dichroic mirror, and the first detector is arranged on the light emergent side of the first dichroic mirror;
the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter are respectively arranged on the light emergent sides of the second dichroic mirrors;
the second detector, the third detector, the fourth detector and the fifth detector are respectively arranged on the light emitting sides of the first beam splitter and the second beam splitter.
10. An atmospheric ozone distribution detection method, comprising:
providing a laser emitting device, wherein the laser emitting device emits a laser beam with a first wavelength;
providing a wavelength conversion device, wherein the laser beam with the first wavelength passes through the wavelength conversion device to respectively generate a laser beam with a second wavelength and a laser beam with a third wavelength;
and providing a laser receiving device, wherein the laser receiving device receives echo signals, and the echo signals are obtained by backscattering the laser beams with the first wavelength, the laser beams with the second wavelength and the laser beams with the third wavelength in an atmosphere.
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