CN115030711A - Drill collar non-elastic gamma gas layer identification data processing method based on spectrum analysis - Google Patents
Drill collar non-elastic gamma gas layer identification data processing method based on spectrum analysis Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 109
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005251 gamma ray Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 62
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
- G01V5/04—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging
- G01V5/08—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging using primary nuclear radiation sources or X-rays
- G01V5/10—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity specially adapted for well-logging using primary nuclear radiation sources or X-rays using neutron sources
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B2200/00—Special features related to earth drilling for obtaining oil, gas or water
- E21B2200/20—Computer models or simulations, e.g. for reservoirs under production, drill bits
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Abstract
The invention relates to a drill collar non-elastic gamma gas layer identification data processing method based on spectral analysis, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a stratum element non-elastic gamma standard spectrum of the while-drilling controllable source gas layer identification device and a self non-elastic gamma standard spectrum of the instrument; establishing a set of saturated and saturated gas stratum models, and acquiring total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum information of the saturated and saturated gas stratum with different porosities of the device; processing the total non-bomb gamma energy spectrum information, and extracting the non-bomb gamma spectrum total count of the instrument from the total non-bomb gamma energy spectrum information; converting the total count of the extracted non-elastic gamma spectra of the instrument, and manufacturing a gas layer identification chart; acquiring an actual stratum total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum recorded by a controllable source gas layer identification device while drilling, and performing spectrum decomposition on the actual stratum total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum to obtain the total non-elastic gamma spectrum count of the instrument; and comparing the obtained total non-elastic gamma spectrum count of the instrument with a gas layer identification chart, and identifying the gas layer of the actual stratum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum and natural gas development, in particular to a drill collar non-elastic gamma gas layer identification data processing method based on spectrum analysis.
Background
The neutron gas layer identification while drilling technology plays an important role in the exploration and development process of petroleum and natural gas. However, existing thermal neutron and capture gamma gas layer identification techniques are susceptible to formation high capture cross-section elements; the non-elastic gamma gas layer identification technology overcomes the influence of high capture cross-section elements, but is greatly influenced by the attenuation of the formation density, and the sensitivity of gas layer identification is weakened.
The Chinese patent with the published patent number of CN113123779A discloses a device and a method for identifying a gas layer while drilling based on ferroinelastic scattering gamma, and the method carries out gas layer identification by extracting pure Fe inelastic gamma peak counting instead of high-energy fast neutron information, successfully solves the problem that the inelastic gamma information is greatly influenced by the formation density, and improves the sensitivity of gas layer identification. However, the pure Fe non-elastic peak count is often poor in count statistics, and causes a large uncertainty in gas layer identification. In addition, although the interference of the background of the non-elastic gamma spectrum is effectively reduced by pure Fe non-elastic peak counting, the loss of effective information is also caused, and the sensitivity of a part of gas layers is lost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects and provides a drill collar non-elastic gamma gas layer identification data processing method for directly acquiring the self non-elastic gamma energy spectrum information of an instrument in a while-drilling controllable source gas layer identification device for gas layer identification through a spectrum analysis technology.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme:
a drill collar non-elastic gamma gas layer identification data processing method based on spectrum analysis comprises the following steps:
(1) and acquiring a stratum element non-elastic gamma standard spectrum of the while-drilling controllable source gas layer identification device and a self non-elastic gamma standard spectrum of the instrument by using a Monte Carlo numerical simulation method.
(2) A set of saturated gas and saturated gas stratum models with the borehole diameter of 8.75 inches are established by using a numerical simulation method, and the non-elastic gamma energy spectrum information of the controllable source gas layer identification device while drilling in the saturated gas and saturated gas stratum with different porosities is obtained.
(3) And performing spectrum decomposition and analysis on the total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum information recorded by the gas layer identification device while drilling in the formations with different porosities and saturated water and gas based on the established formation element non-elastic gamma standard spectrum and the instrument self non-elastic gamma standard spectrum, and acquiring the self non-elastic gamma spectrum total count of the instrument.
(4) And based on actual logging conditions, converting the total non-elastic gamma spectrum count of the instrument obtained by resolving the spectrum, and making a gas layer identification chart by using the converted total non-elastic gamma spectrum count of the instrument obtained from the saturated water and gas-containing stratum with different porosities.
(5) Acquiring a total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum of an actual stratum recorded by a gas layer identification device while drilling, and eliminating the influence of the stability of a neutron source on energy spectrum acquisition by adopting source intensity monitoring information; repeating the operation of the step (3), and performing spectrum resolution on the total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum under the actual stratum condition to obtain the total count of the non-elastic gamma energy spectrum of the instrument under the actual stratum condition; and comparing the total non-elastic gamma spectrum count of the actual instrument with a gas layer identification chart, and identifying the gas layer of the actual stratum.
Preferably, the upper while-drilling controllable source gas layer identification device refers to various while-drilling instruments provided with a drill collar, a D-T neutron source, a source intensity monitor and a gamma detector far away from the neutron source.
Preferably, the spectrum solving method in (3) is a conventional spectrum solving method such as a least square method, a weighted least square method or a non-negative least square method.
Preferably, the actual logging conditions in (4) refer to neutron source stable strength, logging speed, depth interval and detector efficiency, and the conversion refers to the total count of the non-elastic gamma spectrum of the instrument by multiplying the neutron counting flux under the actual logging conditions.
Preferably, the source intensity monitoring information in (5) comes from a source intensity monitor, and is used for eliminating the influence of source intensity fluctuation on the total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum counting in the real logging process, and the actual formation total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum can be used for spectrum resolution analysis after being subjected to source intensity correction processing.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the drill collar non-elastic gamma gas layer identification data processing method based on the spectrum analysis processes the total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum information of the while-drilling gas layer identification device through spectrum analysis counting, extracts the self non-elastic gamma spectrum total counting of the instrument for gas layer identification, solves the problem of poor statistics of an iron peak counting method, and further improves the sensitivity of gas layer identification.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a non-elastic standard gamma spectrum of formation elements and a controllable source while drilling gas layer identification device;
FIG. 2 is a non-ballistic gamma spectrum of 35% porosity saturated water and gas sands;
FIG. 3 is the ratio of the total non-bomb gamma spectrum count of the instrument in the total non-bomb count;
FIG. 4 is a gas layer identification chart based on the total count of the instrument's own non-elastic gamma spectra.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
a drill collar non-elastic gamma gas layer identification data processing method based on spectrum analysis comprises the following steps:
(1) and acquiring a stratum element non-elastic gamma standard spectrum of the while-drilling controllable source gas layer identification device and a self non-elastic gamma standard spectrum of the instrument by using a Monte Carlo numerical simulation method. An instrument-stratum model of the example while-drilling device is established by using a Monte Carlo numerical simulation method, and a non-elastic standard spectrum of common stratum elements such as Si, Ca, Mg, C and O of the while-drilling gas reservoir recognition device and a non-elastic standard spectrum of the instrument are obtained through simulation, as shown in figure 1.
The upper while-drilling controllable source gas reservoir identification device is various while-drilling instruments provided with key components such as a drill collar, a D-T neutron source, a source intensity monitor, a gamma detector far away from the neutron source and the like. Wherein, the distance between the gamma detector and the neutron source is 65 cm. In the example, the speed of the drill collar is 60m/h in the logging-while-drilling process, the logging depth interval is 12.5cm, and the neutron stable source intensity is 6.4E + 8.
In practical application, the formation element non-elastic gamma standard spectrum and the instrument non-elastic gamma standard spectrum need to be reestablished according to a specific gas formation identification device while drilling and formation conditions.
Formation element non-elastic gamma standard spectrum and instrument self non-elastic gamma standard spectrum information come from a gamma detector component which is far away from a neutron source.
The formation element non-elastic gamma standard spectrum and the instrument self non-elastic gamma standard spectrum are normalized by using the total count of the respective energy spectrums.
The source intensity monitor can be a component for recording the current and voltage of the D-T neutron source, and can also be a gamma or neutron detector close to the neutron source, and is used for monitoring the change of the neutron source intensity along with the working time.
(2) A set of stratum models of saturated gas and saturated gas with the borehole diameter of 8.75 inches are established by using a numerical simulation method, and non-elastic gamma energy spectrum information of the controllable source gas layer identification device while drilling in the saturated gas and saturated gas stratum with different porosities is obtained.
The gamma energy spectrum information of the upper missile comes from ideal simulation conditions and has no influence of the change of the neutron source intensity.
The total non-ballistic gamma energy spectrum contains the very high specific gravity of the instrument itself, since the drill collar and the instrument housing are closer to the neutron source and occupy a very high specific gravity in the borehole space.
Setting a set of sandstone stratum models saturated with gas and water by utilizing a drilling-following controllable neutron source instrument-stratum model, wherein the stratum porosities are respectively 0%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30% and 35%; the total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum information acquired by the device for identifying the gas formation while drilling in the formations with different porosities and saturated gas is simulated, and fig. 2 shows the total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum of the saturated gas and saturated water sandstone with the porosity of 35%.
(3) And performing spectrum decomposition and analysis on total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum information recorded by the gas layer identification device while drilling in the formations with different porosities and saturated gas based on the established stratum element non-elastic gamma standard spectrum and the self non-elastic gamma standard spectrum of the instrument, and acquiring a total count corresponding to the self non-elastic gamma spectrum of the instrument.
The spectrum solving method refers to a least square method, a weighted least square method or a non-negative least square method and other conventional spectrum solving methods. The total count of the non-elastic spectrum of the instrument per se has no larger error, because the non-elastic gamma energy spectrum of the instrument per se has a larger proportion in the total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum, and the conventional spectrum resolving method can obtain more accurate results.
Taking a sandstone stratum as an example, the total count of the instrument spectrum after spectrum analysis accounts for about 20% -45% of the total non-elastic count, the count is considerable, and no large error occurs when the instrument spectrum is used for gas layer identification, as shown in fig. 3.
(4) And based on actual logging conditions, converting the total non-elastic gamma spectrum count of the instrument obtained by resolving the spectrum, and making a gas layer identification chart by using the converted total non-elastic gamma spectrum count of the instrument obtained from the saturated water and gas-containing stratum with different porosities. Referring to fig. 4, the plate is the actual sandstone formation gas layer identification plate.
Table 1 shows the results of processing the information of the non-elastic gamma energy spectra of water/gas-saturated formations with different porosities by using Fe peak counting and spectral analysis. As seen from the data in Table 1, the total count of the non-elastic gamma spectrum of the instrument obtained by using the spectrum analysis method is about 300-400 times higher than the iron peak count, which shows the advantage of the spectrum analysis method in data statistics.
TABLE 1 statistical comparison of spectral analysis counts with iron peak count data
The actual logging conditions refer to neutron source stable strength, logging speed, depth interval, detector efficiency and the like, and the conversion refers to the multiplication of the total count of the non-elastic gamma spectrum of the instrument by the neutron counting flux under the actual logging conditions.
Table 2 shows the difference in the gas layer identification sensitivity between the Fe peak counting method and the spectroscopic analysis method; as can be seen from table 2, the sensitivity of spectroscopy to gas layer identification is generally higher than that of iron peak counting under conventional porosity conditions.
TABLE 2 iron peak count and gas layer identification sensitivity comparison by spectroscopic analysis
(5) Acquiring a total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum of an actual stratum recorded by a gas layer identification device while drilling, and eliminating the influence of the stability of a neutron source on energy spectrum acquisition by adopting source intensity monitoring information; repeating the operation of the step (3), and performing spectrum resolution on the actual stratum total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum to obtain the instrument self non-elastic gamma spectrum total count under the actual stratum condition; and comparing the total non-elastic gamma spectrum count of the instrument under the actual condition with a gas layer identification chart, and identifying the gas layer of the actual stratum.
The source intensity monitoring information comes from a source intensity monitor and is used for eliminating the influence of source intensity fluctuation on total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum counting in the real logging process, and the actual stratum total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum can be used for spectrum analysis after source intensity correction processing.
It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art may make modifications, alterations, additions or substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A drill collar non-elastic gamma gas layer identification data processing method based on spectrum analysis is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) acquiring a stratum element non-elastic gamma standard spectrum of the while-drilling controllable source gas layer identification device and a non-elastic gamma standard spectrum of an instrument by using a Monte Carlo numerical simulation method;
(2) establishing a set of saturated gas and saturated gas stratum models with the borehole diameter of 8.75 inches by using a numerical simulation method, and acquiring non-elastic gamma energy spectrum information of the controllable source gas layer identification device while drilling in saturated gas and saturated gas stratum with different porosities;
(3) performing spectrum resolution and analysis on total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum information recorded by the controllable source gas layer identification device while drilling in different porosity saturated water and saturated gas strata based on the established stratum element non-elastic gamma standard spectrum and the non-elastic gamma standard spectrum of the instrument, and acquiring total counts corresponding to the instrument non-elastic gamma spectrums under the conditions of different porosity saturated water and saturated gas strata;
(4) converting the total non-elastic gamma spectrum count of the instrument obtained by spectrum solution based on actual logging conditions, and making a gas layer identification chart by using the converted total non-elastic gamma spectrum count of the instrument;
(5) acquiring a total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum under actual stratum conditions recorded by a controllable source gas layer identification device while drilling, and eliminating the influence of the stability of a neutron source on energy spectrum acquisition by adopting source intensity monitoring information; repeating the operation of the step (3), and performing spectrum resolution on the total non-elastic gamma energy spectrum under the actual stratum condition to obtain the total count of the non-elastic gamma energy spectrum of the instrument under the actual stratum condition; and comparing the total non-elastic gamma spectrum count of the instrument under the actual condition with a gas layer identification chart, and identifying the gas layer of the actual stratum.
2. The method for processing the identification data of the drill collar non-elastic gamma gas layer based on the spectral analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the while-drilling controllable source gas layer identification device refers to various while-drilling instruments including a drill collar, a D-T neutron source, a source intensity monitor and a gamma detector far away from the neutron source.
3. The method for processing the drill collar non-elastic gamma-ray gas formation identification data based on the spectral analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the lithology of the formation model in (2) not only comprises sandstone, limestone and dolomite, but also changes according to the geochemical characteristics of the region.
4. The method for processing the identification data of the drill collar non-elastic gamma-ray gas reservoir based on the spectral analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the spectrum solving method in (3) is a least square method, a weighted least square method or a non-negative least square method conventional spectrum solving method.
5. The method for processing the identification data of the non-elastic gamma gas layer of the drill collar based on the spectrum analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the actual logging conditions in (4) refer to the stable strength of a neutron source, the logging speed, the depth interval and the detector efficiency, and the conversion refers to the total count of the non-elastic gamma spectrum of the instrument obtained by spectrum resolution and the neutron counting flux under the actual logging conditions.
6. The method for processing the identification data of the drill collar non-elastic gamma gas layer based on the spectrum analysis as claimed in claim 1, wherein the source intensity monitoring information in (5) comes from a source intensity monitor, and is used for eliminating the influence of source intensity fluctuation on the non-elastic gamma spectrum counting in the real logging process, and the actual formation total non-elastic gamma spectrum can be used for the spectrum analysis after being subjected to source intensity correction processing.
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