CN115029935A - Bio-based degradable dip-coating-containing scraping knitted fabric polyurethane synthetic leather veneering finished product - Google Patents
Bio-based degradable dip-coating-containing scraping knitted fabric polyurethane synthetic leather veneering finished product Download PDFInfo
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- CN115029935A CN115029935A CN202210522232.8A CN202210522232A CN115029935A CN 115029935 A CN115029935 A CN 115029935A CN 202210522232 A CN202210522232 A CN 202210522232A CN 115029935 A CN115029935 A CN 115029935A
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- Prior art keywords
- base cloth
- coating
- bio
- scraper
- synthetic leather
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 330
- 239000002649 leather substitute Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000010409 ironing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 166
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 48
- 239000006255 coating slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 240000008564 Boehmeria nivea Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 229960004494 calcium gluconate Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004227 calcium gluconate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013927 calcium gluconate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- NEEHYRZPVYRGPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O NEEHYRZPVYRGPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 34
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 12
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-IGMARMGPSA-N Carbon-12 Chemical compound [12C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/12—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins
- D06N3/14—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof with macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. gelatine proteins with polyurethanes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
- B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
- B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
- B05C1/0826—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line the work being a web or sheets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
- B05C11/02—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface
- B05C11/023—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface
- B05C11/025—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface with an essentially cylindrical body, e.g. roll or rod
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/10—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C15/00—Calendering, pressing, ironing, glossing or glazing textile fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06C—FINISHING, DRESSING, TENTERING OR STRETCHING TEXTILE FABRICS
- D06C7/00—Heating or cooling textile fabrics
- D06C7/02—Setting
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0009—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using knitted fabrics
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0002—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate
- D06N3/0015—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the substrate using fibres of specified chemical or physical nature, e.g. natural silk
- D06N3/0036—Polyester fibres
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0061—Organic fillers or organic fibrous fillers, e.g. ground leather waste, wood bark, cork powder, vegetable flour; Other organic compounding ingredients; Post-treatment with organic compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0056—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the compounding ingredients of the macro-molecular coating
- D06N3/0063—Inorganic compounding ingredients, e.g. metals, carbon fibres, Na2CO3, metal layers; Post-treatment with inorganic compounds
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/007—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by mechanical or physical treatments
- D06N3/0077—Embossing; Pressing of the surface; Tumbling and crumbling; Cracking; Cooling; Heating, e.g. mirror finish
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0086—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique
- D06N3/0088—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by directly applying the resin
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N3/00—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof
- D06N3/0086—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique
- D06N3/0095—Artificial leather, oilcloth or other material obtained by covering fibrous webs with macromolecular material, e.g. resins, rubber or derivatives thereof characterised by the application technique by inversion technique; by transfer processes
- D06N3/0097—Release surface, e.g. separation sheets; Silicone papers
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2201/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads or yarns
- D06N2201/04—Vegetal fibres
- D06N2201/042—Cellulose fibres, e.g. cotton
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2209/00—Properties of the materials
- D06N2209/16—Properties of the materials having other properties
- D06N2209/1607—Degradability
- D06N2209/1614—Biodegradable
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
- D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles
- D06N2211/28—Artificial leather
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
- Y02P70/62—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product related technologies for production or treatment of textile or flexible materials or products thereof, including footwear
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to a bio-based degradable polyurethane synthetic leather veneering finished product containing dip-coating scraping knitted fabric, which relates to the technical field of synthetic leather manufacturing, wherein the base cloth of the synthetic leather veneering finished product is cotton-polyester blended knitted fabric; the preparation steps of the finished product of the synthetic leather veneer are as follows: the first step is as follows: pre-impregnating the base fabric; the second step is that: coating on the pre-impregnated base fabric, wherein the coating material comprises biodegradable polyurethane resin; the third step: solidifying the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin on the surface of the base fabric; the fourth step: washing the base cloth with clean water, and washing DMF on the base cloth; the fifth step: preheating, ironing, drying and shaping the base cloth to obtain a base blank; and a sixth step: and (3) coating the solvent type bio-based degradable polyurethane resin on release paper, then putting the release paper into an oven to be heated to form a thin film, then attaching the thin film to the base blank, and finally drying to obtain a finished product. The synthetic leather veneer finished product obtained by the method cannot pollute the surrounding environment and prevent harm to the health of personnel.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of synthetic leather manufacturing, in particular to a bio-based degradable polyurethane synthetic leather veneering finished product containing dip-coating scraping knitted fabric.
Background
At present, because the leather has wide application, for example, the leather is widely used for manufacturing shoes and boots, furniture, bags and the like, and various leathers are used to simulate the composition and the structure of natural leather and can be used as plastic products of substitute materials of the natural leather. Usually, the impregnated non-woven fabric is used as a net layer, and the microporous polyurethane layer is used as a grain layer. The front and back surfaces of the leather are very similar to leather, have certain air permeability and are closer to natural leather than common artificial leather.
In the related art, most synthetic leathers are made by using non-woven fabrics of 100% chemical synthetic fibers (terylene and nylon) as a substrate and coating synthetic resin and various plastics, and because the chemical fibers are difficult to degrade, the environment is easily polluted, and most chemical fibers cause uncomfortable wearing due to incompatibility of the chemical fibers with skin. In addition, dimethyl formamide organic matters are mostly used as main solvents in the synthetic leather manufacturing process, so that a large amount of waste water and waste gas of dimethyl formamide can be generated in the synthetic leather manufacturing process, and the synthetic leather can be treated by a combustion method or a landfill method when the synthetic leather is treated.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors believe that there is a problem that synthetic leather is slowly biodegradable, and after use, whether the synthetic leather is treated by burning or landfill, the synthetic leather causes environmental pollution around and harms human health.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems that after the synthetic leather is used, whether the synthetic leather is treated by burning or burying methods, the surrounding environment pollution can be caused and the health of personnel is endangered, the application provides a bio-based degradable polyurethane synthetic leather veneering finished product containing dip-coating scratch-knitted fabric.
The application provides a looped fabric polyurethane synthetic leather wainscot finished product is scraped to bio-based degradable containing dip-coating adopts following technical scheme:
a bio-based degradable polyurethane synthetic leather veneering finished product containing dip-coating scraping knitted fabric is characterized in that a base cloth of the synthetic leather veneering finished product is a cotton-polyester blended knitted fabric; the preparation steps of the synthetic leather veneered finished product are as follows: the first step is as follows: pre-impregnating the base cloth, wherein the pre-impregnated material comprises bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, DMF (dimethyl formamide) and ultrafine graphene; the second step: coating on the pre-impregnated base fabric, wherein the coating material comprises biodegradable polyurethane resin; the third step: solidifying the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin on the surface of the base fabric; the fourth step: washing the base cloth with clear water, and washing DMF on the base cloth; the fifth step: preheating, ironing, drying and shaping the base cloth to obtain a base blank; and a sixth step: coating and scraping the solvent type bio-based degradable polyurethane resin on release paper, then putting the release paper into an oven to heat to form a thin film, then attaching the thin film to the base blank, and finally drying to obtain a finished product; the pre-impregnation material comprises 80-100 parts of bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, 300-400 parts of DMF (dimethyl formamide) and 5-10 parts of ultrafine graphene; the coating slurry is composed of 60-70 parts of bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, 30-40 parts of polyurethane resin, 100 parts of DMF (dimethyl formamide), 5-10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 5-10 parts of superfine graphene, 5-10 parts of ramie fiber powder and 2-5 parts of calcium gluconate.
Optionally, the preparation of the pre-impregnation material requires that the superfine graphene and DMF are added into a vacuum stirring kettle and stirred for 20-30min at 25-30 ℃ at 800r/min, then the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin is added and stirred for 30-40min at 1500r/min, vacuum defoaming is carried out for 60-120min, and then 100 mesh filtration is carried out to prepare the pre-impregnation working slurry.
Optionally, the preparation process of the coating slurry comprises the steps of adding the ultrafine graphene, the ramie fiber powder, the carboxymethyl cellulose, the calcium gluconate and the DMF into a vacuum stirring kettle, stirring for 30min at 800r/min, adding the biodegradable polyurethane resin, stirring for 60-120min at 1000-1500r/min, defoaming for 60-120min in vacuum, and filtering with a screen of 180 meshes and 200 meshes to prepare the coating working slurry.
Optionally, in the first step, the temperature of pre-impregnation is 50-60 ℃, and the time of pre-impregnation is 3-5 h; and in the process of pre-impregnation, continuously stirring the pre-impregnated base cloth.
Optionally, in the first step, the pre-impregnated base fabric is taken out of the pool, and then the base fabric is hung in a drying chamber at 20-30 ℃ for 5-7min, and a recovery tank is installed in the drying chamber and located on the lower side of the base fabric, and the recovery tank collects the pre-impregnated material; taking out the base cloth from the drying chamber after the airing is finished, placing the base cloth in a rubbing machine after the base cloth is taken out from the drying chamber, rubbing the base cloth in the rubbing machine at a low temperature for 3-5s, and pre-soaking for 15-20min again.
Optionally, in the second step, the base cloth passes through a scraper, a second scraper and a third scraper in sequence, the first scraper, the second scraper and the third scraper are respectively arranged on the first scraper, the second scraper and the third scraper, the distance between the first scraper and the base cloth is 7-9cm, the distance between the second scraper and the base cloth is 1-3cm, and the distance between the third scraper and the base cloth is 0.2-0.6 cm.
Optionally, the second step includes a first heater, a second heater and a third heater, the first heater, the second heater and the third heater respectively correspond to the first scraper, the second scraper and the third scraper, the temperature of the first heater is 20-30 ℃, the temperature of the second heater is 30-40 ℃, the temperature of the third heater is 40-50 ℃, the first heater is provided with a first air feeder, the second heater is provided with a second air feeder, the third heater is provided with a third air feeder, the first air feeder faces the first scraper, the second air feeder faces the second scraper, and the third air feeder faces the third scraper.
Optionally, in the fourth step, the step of washing the base fabric with water is that the base fabric sequentially passes through a first water pool, a second water pool and a third water pool at a movement speed of 0.5m/s, and the base fabric is immersed in the water pools when passing through the water pools; the first water pool is saline solution, and the second water pool and the third water pool are both clear water.
Optionally, in the fifth step, the time for ironing the base cloth is 1-3min, the temperature for drying the base cloth is 120-160 ℃, the time for drying the base cloth is 4-8min, the temperature for shaping the base cloth is 120-160 ℃, and the time is 5-9 s.
Optionally, in the sixth step, the coating roll, the first leveling roll and the second leveling roll are arranged in pairs, and the release paper passes between the two coating rolls at a speed of 0.3m/s, passes through the two first leveling rolls at a speed of 0.2m/s, and passes through the two second leveling rolls at a speed of 0.1 m/s; the coating roller is adsorbed with bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, and anti-sticking coating is coated on the surfaces of the first spreading roller and the second spreading roller.
To sum up, this application includes following at least one kind of biological base degradable contains dip-coating and scrapes beneficial technological effect of looped fabric polyurethane synthetic leather wainscot finished product:
in the application, cotton-polyester blended knitted fabric is selected for the base cloth of the synthetic leather veneering finished product, and the preparation steps of the synthetic leather veneering finished product are as follows: the first step is as follows: pre-impregnating the base cloth, wherein the pre-impregnated material comprises bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, DMF (dimethyl formamide) and ultrafine graphene; the second step is that: coating on the pre-impregnated base cloth, wherein the coating material comprises biodegradable polyurethane resin, DMF (dimethyl formamide), carboxymethyl cellulose, superfine graphene, ramie fiber powder and calcium gluconate; the third step: solidifying the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin on the surface of the base fabric; the fourth step: washing the base cloth with clean water, and washing DMF on the base cloth; the fifth step: preheating, ironing, drying and shaping the base cloth to obtain a base blank; and a sixth step: and (3) coating the solvent type bio-based degradable polyurethane resin on release paper, then putting the release paper into an oven to be heated to form a thin film, then attaching the thin film to the base blank, and finally drying to obtain a finished product. The obtained finished synthetic leather veneering product cannot pollute the surrounding environment and prevent the harm to the health of personnel.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the application without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the application.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The use of the terms "a" or "an" and "the" and similar referents in the description and claims of the present application does not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one.
The embodiment of the application discloses a bio-based degradable polyester synthetic leather veneering finished product containing dip-coating and scraping knitted fabric.
Example 1:
synthetic leather is a plastic product which simulates the composition and structure of natural leather and can be used as a substitute material for the natural leather, and in the preparation process of the synthetic leather, the synthetic leather is usually prepared by taking impregnated non-woven fabric as a net-shaped layer and a microporous polyurethane layer as a grain surface layer. After improvement of designers, the base cloth of the synthetic leather veneering finished product is cotton-polyester blended knitted fabric.
The preparation steps of the finished product of the synthetic leather veneer are as follows:
the first step is as follows:
the base fabric is pre-impregnated, in order to improve the pre-impregnation effect of the base fabric, the pre-impregnation temperature is 50 ℃, and the pre-impregnation time is 3 hours, so that the effect of the base fabric in the pre-impregnation process is greatly improved. The base cloth is in the in-process that soaks in advance, often can preimpregnate more base cloth, thereby in order to prevent that the base cloth is in the in-process that soaks in advance, thereby laminating each other between the base cloth influences the effect that soaks in advance of base cloth, and the designer improves the back, and in the in-process that soaks in advance, the staff constantly stirs the base cloth that soaks in advance, prevents that the base cloth from in the in-process that soaks in advance, and the base cloth is laminated together between the base cloth.
The pre-impregnation material comprises 80 parts of bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, 300 parts of DMF (dimethyl formamide) and 5 parts of ultrafine graphene. The preparation of the pre-impregnation material requires that superfine graphene and DMF are added into a vacuum stirring kettle and stirred for 20min at 25 ℃ at 500r/min, then bio-based degradable polyurethane resin is added and stirred for 30min at 1000r/min, vacuum defoaming is carried out for 60min, and then 100 meshes are used for filtering to prepare the pre-impregnation working slurry.
In the process of pre-impregnation, because the base cloth of the base blank is a cotton-polyester blended knitted fabric, in the process of pre-impregnation, the pre-impregnation effect of the base cloth is poor, and workers find that the coverage rate of the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, DMF (dimethyl formamide) and ultrafine graphene on the base cloth cannot meet the working requirement of the next step.
After improvement, a designer takes out the pre-impregnated base cloth from the pool, then hangs a plurality of base cloth in a drying chamber at 20 ℃ for drying treatment, and the drying duration is 5 min.
Install the accumulator in the drying chamber, the accumulator is located the downside of base cloth, and when the base cloth was hung and is established in the drying chamber, the accumulator was collected the material that soaks in advance to prevent the waste of the material that soaks in advance.
In practice, when twisting the towel, a designer finds that the water absorption of the towel laid flat is poor, the water absorption of the towel is greatly increased after the towel is kneaded, in order to increase the effect of the base cloth in the pre-impregnation process, the first step comprises a kneading machine, the base cloth is taken out from a drying chamber and placed in the kneading machine, and the base cloth is kneaded in the kneading machine for 3 seconds and then is subjected to pre-impregnation for 15 minutes. Designers find that the pre-impregnation effect of the base fabric is greatly improved after the base fabric is kneaded.
The second step is that:
coating slurry containing biodegradable polyurethane resin is coated on the pre-impregnated base fabric. The coating slurry comprises 60 parts of bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, 30 parts of polyurethane resin, 100 parts of DMF (dimethyl formamide), 5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 5 parts of superfine graphene, 5 parts of ramie fiber powder and 2 parts of calcium gluconate.
The preparation process of the coating slurry comprises the steps of adding the ultra-fine graphene, the ramie fiber powder, the carboxymethyl cellulose, the calcium gluconate and the DMF into a vacuum stirring kettle, stirring for 30min at a speed of 500r/min, adding the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, stirring for 60min at a speed of 1000r/min, defoaming for 60min in vacuum, and filtering by using a 180-mesh sieve to prepare the coating working slurry for later use.
The base cloth passes through a scraper, No. two scrapers, No. three scrapers in proper order, includes a scraper, No. two scrapers and No. three scrapers on a scraper, No. two scrapers, No. three scrapers respectively, and a scraper is 9cm apart from the interval of base cloth, and No. two scrapers are 3cm apart from the interval of base cloth, and No. three scrapers are 0.6cm apart from the interval of base cloth.
In the in-process of using, if scrape the one-step scribbling that targets in place of biodegradable polyurethane resin on the base cloth, lead to the formation of bubble easily, through different intervals between scraper, No. two scrapers and No. three scrapers and the base cloth for biodegradable polyurethane resin scribbles the effect of scraping on the base cloth and can promote, prevents the appearance of bubble.
In the using process, the coating slurry is solvent-based, so that the stability and the price of the coating slurry on the base cloth are poor, and a designer improves the stability and the price of the coating slurry and then comprises a first heater, a second heater and a third heater. And the first heater, the second heater and the third heater respectively correspond to the first scraping machine, the second scraping machine and the third scraping machine.
When the automatic scraper is used, the temperature of the first heater is 20 ℃, the temperature of the second heater is 30 ℃, the temperature of the third heater is 40 ℃, the first heater is provided with the first air feeder, the second heater is provided with the second air feeder, the third heater is provided with the third air feeder, the first air feeder faces the first scraper, the second air feeder faces the second scraper, and the third air feeder faces the third scraper. Because the first scraper is used for thickly coating the coating slurry on the base cloth, the temperature of the first heater is adjusted to prevent the coating slurry from flowing on the base cloth, so that the second scraper can conveniently coat the base cloth, and the subsequent working efficiency is improved by heating the base cloth by the first heater, the second heater and the third heater.
The third step:
so that the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin is solidified on the surface of the base fabric. The concrete step of solidification is to carry out a cold air drying and solidification process for 1h on both sides of the base fabric under the condition that the temperature is 20 ℃.
The fourth step:
washing the base cloth with clean water, and washing DMF on the base cloth. The specific steps of washing the base cloth with water are that the base cloth passes through a first water pool, a second water pool and a third water pool in sequence at a movement speed of 0.5m/s, and the base cloth is immersed in the water pools when passing through the water pools; the first water pool is saline solution, and the second water pool and the third water pool are clean water.
It should be noted that the base cloth soaked with the slurry is continuously conveyed by the power roller device, the whole device is arranged right above all the water pools, and the first water pool, the second water pool and the third water pool are mutually separated, the base cloth is in a wave shape when running under certain power, the base cloth between every two power rollers is in an arc shape, the base cloth is positioned at the bottom of the arc shape and is immersed in the water pool, the time for immersing the base cloth in the water pool is determined according to the running speed of the power rollers, the motion mode of the power rollers can also adopt regular intermittent motion, the time length of each motion is longer than the time length of rest, so that the immersed time length of the base cloth in the water pool can be relatively prolonged after each position change, and the DMF removing effect of the base cloth is improved.
Moreover, because the base cloth is arc-shaped, the DMF in the base cloth can be gradually gathered at the bottom of the arc under the action of gravity due to the existence of the inclination angle of the base cloth immersed in the water tank, so that the solution in the water tank and the DMF can be fully mixed.
The length of the base cloth immersed in the water tank is consistent every time the power roller runs once, the length of the base cloth can be controlled by setting the running speed and the running time of the power roller, the base cloth is optimally and symmetrically arranged along the running direction by taking the water surface as a symmetrical plane, the length of the base cloth immersed in the water tank is called a lower half arc section, and the length of the base cloth exposed on the water surface is called an upper half arc section. Therefore, the whole base cloth is equally divided into an upper half arc section or a lower half arc section with multiple sections of equal width, DMF in the base cloth can be cleaned when the base cloth is positioned in the lower half arc section, DMF in the base cloth can be converged in the lower half arc section under the action of gravity when the base cloth is positioned in the upper half arc section, all the base cloth can be fully washed by water for multiple times, and the removal efficiency of the DMF in the base cloth is improved.
And this kind of mode of washing benefit lies in, when the base cloth operation in-process leaves the pond gradually, owing to be about to go upward, at this moment, the base cloth is the tilt state, and moisture can drop under the action of gravity, because DMF can dissolve in water, inside remaining DMF can be along with moisture and base cloth separation under the action of gravity, improves DMF's among the base cloth effect of getting rid of better.
In summary, the base cloth can be continuously cleaned for multiple times by reasonably adjusting the working parameters of the power rollers and the running state of the layout base cloth, and the DMF removing effect of the base cloth is the best.
The fifth step:
preheating at 120 ℃, ironing, drying and shaping to obtain a base blank, wherein the time for ironing the base cloth is 3min, the temperature for drying the base cloth is 160 ℃, the drying time for drying the base cloth is 8min, the temperature for shaping the base cloth is 160 ℃, and the time is 9 s.
And a sixth step:
and (3) coating the solvent type biodegradable polyurethane resin on release paper, and then putting the release paper coated with the biodegradable polyurethane resin into an oven to be heated to form the film.
The step of coating and scraping the biodegradable polyurethane resin on the release paper comprises the following steps: the coating device comprises two coating rollers, a first spreading roller and a second spreading roller which are oppositely arranged in pairs, release paper passes between the two coating rollers which are oppositely arranged at the speed of 0.3m/s, passes through the two first spreading rollers which are oppositely arranged at the speed of 0.2m/s, and passes through the two second spreading rollers which are oppositely arranged at the speed of 0.1 m/s.
When the device is used, the distance between the two coating rollers is adjusted to be 1.2cm, the distance between the two first leveling rollers is adjusted to be 0.7cm, the distance between the two second leveling rollers is adjusted to be 0.3cm, and the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin is scraped onto release paper through the coating rollers, the first leveling rollers and the second leveling rollers, so that the effect of scraping the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin onto the release paper is improved.
In the coating roller coating and scraping process, the biodegradable polyurethane resin is adsorbed on the coating roller from the charging barrel, and the surfaces of the first leveling roller and the second leveling roller are respectively coated with the anti-sticking coating, so that the biodegradable polyurethane resin is prevented from being adhered to the first leveling roller and the second leveling roller when the first leveling roller and the second leveling roller are used for leveling the biodegradable polyurethane resin on the surface of the release paper.
And (3) attaching the film and the base blank, and drying the film and the base blank at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain a finished product.
The method for testing the surface integrity of the semi-finished synthetic leather comprises the following steps: determining the content of organic substances to be more than 35% by using a carbon 12 isotope method; the second method comprises the following steps: measuring the content of heavy metal by a fluorescence spectrometer to be lower than the European Union standard; the third method comprises the following steps: measuring the DMF content by an image-liquid mass spectrometer to be lower than the European Union standard; the method four comprises the following steps: the resistance to aging was determined by the jungle test method to be unbreakable for 14 days. And finally, rolling up the qualified finished synthetic leather.
Example 2:
synthetic leather is a plastic product which simulates the composition and structure of natural leather and can be used as a substitute material of the natural leather, and is usually prepared by taking impregnated non-woven fabric as a net layer and a microporous polyurethane layer as a grain surface layer in the preparation process of the synthetic leather. After improvement of designers, the base cloth of the synthetic leather veneering finished product is cotton-polyester blended knitted fabric.
The preparation steps of the finished product of the synthetic leather veneer are as follows:
the first step is as follows:
the base cloth is pre-impregnated, in order to improve the pre-impregnation effect of the base cloth, the pre-impregnation temperature is 55 ℃, and the pre-impregnation time is 4 hours, so that the pre-impregnation effect of the base cloth is greatly improved. The base cloth is in the in-process that soaks in advance, often can preimpregnate more base cloth, thereby in order to prevent that the base cloth is in the in-process that soaks in advance, thereby laminating each other between the base cloth influences the effect that soaks in advance of base cloth, and the designer improves the back, and in the in-process that soaks in advance, the staff constantly stirs the base cloth that soaks in advance, prevents that the base cloth from in the in-process that soaks in advance, and the base cloth is laminated together between the base cloth.
The pre-impregnation material comprises 90 parts of bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, 350 parts of DMF (dimethyl formamide) and 7.5 parts of ultrafine graphene. The preparation of the pre-impregnation material requires that the superfine graphene and DMF are added into a vacuum stirring kettle and stirred for 25min at 27.5 ℃ at 650r/min, then the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin is added and stirred for 35min at 1250r/min, vacuum defoaming is carried out for 90min, and then 100-mesh filtration is carried out to prepare the pre-impregnation working slurry.
In the process of pre-impregnation, because the base cloth of the base blank is a cotton-polyester blended knitted fabric, in the process of pre-impregnation, the pre-impregnation effect of the base cloth is poor, and workers find that the coverage rate of the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, DMF (dimethyl formamide) and ultrafine graphene on the base cloth cannot meet the working requirement of the next step.
After improvement, a designer takes out the pre-impregnated base cloth from the pool, then hangs a plurality of base cloth in a drying chamber at 25 ℃ for drying treatment, and the drying duration is 6 min.
Install the accumulator in the drying chamber, the accumulator is located the downside of base cloth, and when the base cloth was hung and is established in the drying chamber, the accumulator was collected the material that soaks in advance to prevent the waste of the material that soaks in advance.
In practice, when a designer twists a towel, the designer finds that the water absorption of the towel laid flat is poor, the water absorption of the towel is greatly increased after the towel is kneaded, in order to increase the effect of the base cloth in the pre-impregnation process, the first step comprises a kneading machine, the base cloth is taken out of a drying chamber and placed in the kneading machine, and the base cloth is kneaded for 4 seconds in the kneading machine and then pre-impregnated for 17.5 minutes. Designers find that the pre-impregnation effect of the base fabric is greatly improved after the base fabric is kneaded.
The second step is that:
coating slurry containing biodegradable polyurethane resin is coated on the pre-impregnated base fabric. The coating slurry comprises 65 parts of bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, 35 parts of polyurethane resin, 100 parts of DMF (dimethyl formamide), 7.5 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 7.5 parts of superfine graphene, 7.5 parts of ramie fiber powder and 3.5 parts of calcium gluconate.
The preparation process of the coating slurry comprises the steps of adding superfine graphene, ramie fiber powder, carboxymethyl cellulose, calcium gluconate and DMF into a vacuum stirring kettle, stirring for 30min at 650r/min, adding the biodegradable polyurethane resin, stirring for 90min at 1250r/min, defoaming for 90min in vacuum, and filtering with a 190-mesh screen to prepare the coating working slurry for later use.
The base cloth passes through the machine of scraping in proper order, No. two scrapes the machine, No. three scrapes the machine, including a scraper, No. two scrapers and No. three scrapers on the machine of scraping, No. two scrapers, No. three scrapers respectively, and a scraper is 8cm apart from the interval of base cloth, and No. two scrapers are 2cm apart from the interval of base cloth, and No. three scrapers are 0.4cm apart from the interval of base cloth.
In the in-process of using, if scrape the one-step scribbling that targets in place of biodegradable polyurethane resin on the base cloth, lead to the formation of bubble easily, through different intervals between scraper, No. two scrapers and No. three scrapers and the base cloth for biodegradable polyurethane resin scribbles the effect of scraping on the base cloth and can promote, prevents the appearance of bubble.
In the using process, the coating slurry is solvent-based, so that the stability and the price of the coating slurry on the base cloth are poor, and a designer improves the stability and the price of the coating slurry and then comprises a first heater, a second heater and a third heater. And the first heater, the second heater and the third heater respectively correspond to the first scraping machine, the second scraping machine and the third scraping machine.
When the automatic scraper is used, the temperature of the first heater is 25 ℃, the temperature of the second heater is 35 ℃, the temperature of the third heater is 45 ℃, the first heater is provided with the first air feeder, the second heater is provided with the second air feeder, the third heater is provided with the third air feeder, the first air feeder faces the first scraper, the second air feeder faces the second scraper, and the third air feeder faces the third scraper. Because the first scraper is used for thickly coating the coating slurry on the base cloth, the temperature of the first heater is adjusted to prevent the coating slurry from flowing on the base cloth, so that the second scraper can conveniently coat the base cloth, and the subsequent working efficiency is improved by heating the base cloth by the first heater, the second heater and the third heater.
The third step:
so that the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin is solidified on the surface of the base fabric. The concrete step of solidification is to carry out a cold air drying and solidification process for 1h on both sides of the base fabric under the condition that the temperature is 20 ℃.
The fourth step:
washing the base cloth with clean water, and washing DMF on the base cloth. The specific steps of washing the base cloth with water are that the base cloth passes through a first water pool, a second water pool and a third water pool in sequence at a movement speed of 0.5m/s, and the base cloth is immersed in the water pools when passing through the water pools; the first water pool is saline solution, and the second water pool and the third water pool are clean water.
It should be noted that the base cloth soaked with the slurry is continuously conveyed by the power roller device, the whole device is arranged right above all the water pools, and the first water pool, the second water pool and the third water pool are mutually separated, the base cloth is in a wave shape when running under certain power, the base cloth between every two power rollers is in an arc shape, the base cloth is positioned at the bottom of the arc shape and is immersed in the water pool, the time for immersing the base cloth in the water pool is determined according to the running speed of the power rollers, the motion mode of the power rollers can also adopt regular intermittent motion, the time length of each motion is longer than the time length of rest, so that the immersed time length of the base cloth in the water pool can be relatively prolonged after each position change, and the DMF removing effect of the base cloth is improved.
Moreover, because the base cloth is arc-shaped, the DMF in the base cloth can be gradually gathered at the bottom of the arc under the action of gravity due to the existence of the inclination angle of the base cloth immersed in the water tank, so that the solution in the water tank and the DMF can be fully mixed.
The length of the base cloth immersed in the water tank is consistent every time the power roller runs once, the length of the base cloth can be controlled by setting the running speed and the running time of the power roller, the base cloth is optimally and symmetrically arranged along the running direction by taking the water surface as a symmetrical plane, the length of the base cloth immersed in the water tank is called a lower half arc section, and the length of the base cloth exposed on the water surface is called an upper half arc section. Therefore, the whole base cloth is equally divided into an upper half arc section or a lower half arc section with multiple sections of equal width, DMF in the base cloth can be cleaned when the base cloth is positioned in the lower half arc section, DMF in the base cloth can be converged in the lower half arc section under the action of gravity when the base cloth is positioned in the upper half arc section, all the base cloth can be fully washed by water for multiple times, and the removal efficiency of the DMF in the base cloth is improved.
And this kind of mode of washing benefit lies in, when the base cloth operation in-process leaves the pond gradually, owing to be about to go upward, at this moment, the base cloth is the tilt state, and moisture can drop under the action of gravity, because DMF can dissolve in water, inside remaining DMF can be along with moisture and base cloth separation under the action of gravity, improves DMF's among the base cloth effect of getting rid of better.
In summary, the base cloth can be continuously cleaned for multiple times by reasonably adjusting the working parameters of the power rollers and the running state of the layout base cloth, and the DMF removing effect of the base cloth is the best.
The fifth step:
preheating at 120 ℃, ironing, drying and shaping to obtain a base blank, wherein the time for ironing the base cloth is 3min, the temperature for drying the base cloth is 160 ℃, the drying time for drying the base cloth is 8min, the temperature for shaping the base cloth is 160 ℃, and the time is 9 s.
And a sixth step:
and (3) coating the solvent type biodegradable polyurethane resin on release paper, and then putting the release paper coated with the biodegradable polyurethane resin into an oven to be heated to form the film.
The step of coating and scraping the biodegradable polyurethane resin on the release paper comprises the following steps: the coating device comprises two coating rollers, a first spreading roller and a second spreading roller which are oppositely arranged in pairs, release paper passes between the two coating rollers which are oppositely arranged at the speed of 0.3m/s, passes through the two first spreading rollers which are oppositely arranged at the speed of 0.2m/s, and passes through the two second spreading rollers which are oppositely arranged at the speed of 0.1 m/s.
When the device is used, the distance between the two coating rollers is adjusted to be 1.2cm, the distance between the two first leveling rollers is adjusted to be 0.7cm, the distance between the two second leveling rollers is adjusted to be 0.3cm, and the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin is scraped onto release paper through the coating rollers, the first leveling rollers and the second leveling rollers, so that the effect of scraping the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin onto the release paper is improved.
In the coating roller coating and scraping process, the biodegradable polyurethane resin is adsorbed on the coating roller from the charging barrel, and the surfaces of the first leveling roller and the second leveling roller are respectively coated with the anti-sticking coating, so that the biodegradable polyurethane resin is prevented from being adhered to the first leveling roller and the second leveling roller when the first leveling roller and the second leveling roller are used for leveling the biodegradable polyurethane resin on the surface of the release paper.
And (3) attaching the film and the base blank, and drying the film and the base blank at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain a finished product.
The method for testing the surface integrity of the semi-finished synthetic leather comprises the following steps: determining the content of organic substances to be more than 35% by using a carbon 12 isotope method; the second method comprises the following steps: measuring the content of heavy metal by a fluorescence spectrometer to be lower than the European Union standard; the third method comprises the following steps: measuring the content of DMF (dimethyl formamide) by using an image-liquid mass spectrometer to be lower than the European Union standard; the method four comprises the following steps: the resistance to aging was determined by the jungle test method to be unbreakable for 14 days. And finally, rolling up the qualified finished synthetic leather.
Example 3:
synthetic leather is a plastic product which simulates the composition and structure of natural leather and can be used as a substitute material for the natural leather, and in the preparation process of the synthetic leather, the synthetic leather is usually prepared by taking impregnated non-woven fabric as a net-shaped layer and a microporous polyurethane layer as a grain surface layer. After improvement of designers, the base cloth of the synthetic leather veneering finished product is cotton-polyester blended knitted fabric.
The preparation method of the finished product of the synthetic leather veneer comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows:
the base fabric is pre-impregnated, in order to improve the pre-impregnation effect of the base fabric, the pre-impregnation temperature is 60 ℃, and the pre-impregnation time is 5 hours, so that the effect of the base fabric in the pre-impregnation process is greatly improved. The in-process that the base cloth was impregnated in advance often can preimpregnation with more base cloth, thereby in order to prevent the base cloth at the in-process that soaks in advance, thereby laminate each other between the base cloth and influence the effect that soaks in advance of base cloth, the designer improves the back, at the in-process that soaks in advance, the staff continuously stirs the base cloth that soaks in advance, prevents that the base cloth from in-process that soaks in advance, laminating together between the base cloth.
The pre-impregnated material comprises 100 parts of bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, 400 parts of DMF (dimethyl formamide) and 10 parts of ultrafine graphene. The preparation of the pre-impregnation material requires that superfine graphene and DMF are added into a vacuum stirring kettle and stirred for 30min at the temperature of 30 ℃ at the speed of 800r/min, then bio-based degradable polyurethane resin is added and stirred for 40min at the speed of 1500r/min, vacuum defoaming is carried out for 120min, and then 100 meshes are used for filtering to prepare the pre-impregnation working slurry.
In the process of pre-impregnation, because the base cloth of the base blank is a cotton-polyester blended knitted fabric, in the process of pre-impregnation, the pre-impregnation effect of the base cloth is poor, and workers find that the coverage rate of the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, DMF (dimethyl formamide) and ultrafine graphene on the base cloth cannot meet the working requirement of the next step.
After improvement, a designer takes out the pre-impregnated base cloth from the pool, then hangs a plurality of base cloth in a drying chamber at 30 ℃ for drying treatment, and the drying duration is 7 min.
Install the accumulator in the drying chamber, the accumulator is located the downside of base cloth, and when the base cloth was hung and is established in the drying chamber, the accumulator was collected preimpregnated material to prevent the waste of preimpregnated material.
In practice, when a designer twists a towel, the designer finds that the water absorption of the towel laid flatly is poor, the water absorption of the towel is greatly increased after the towel is kneaded, in order to increase the effect of the base cloth in the pre-impregnation process, the first step comprises a kneading machine, the base cloth is placed in the kneading machine after being taken out of a drying chamber, and the base cloth is pre-impregnated for 20min after being kneaded for 5 seconds in the kneading machine. Designers find that the pre-impregnation effect of the base fabric is greatly improved after the base fabric is kneaded.
The second step is that:
coating slurry containing biodegradable polyurethane resin is coated on the pre-impregnated base fabric. The coating slurry comprises 70 parts of bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, 40 parts of polyurethane resin, 100 parts of DMF (dimethyl formamide), 10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 10 parts of ultrafine graphene, 10 parts of ramie fiber powder and 5 parts of calcium gluconate.
The preparation process of the coating slurry comprises the steps of adding the ultra-fine graphene, the ramie fiber powder, the carboxymethyl cellulose, the calcium gluconate and the DMF into a vacuum stirring kettle, stirring at 800r/min for 30min, adding the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, stirring at 1500r/min for 120min, defoaming in vacuum for 120min, and filtering with a 200-mesh screen to obtain the coating working slurry for later use.
The base cloth passes through the machine of scraping in proper order, No. two scrapes the machine, No. three scrapes the machine, including a scraper, No. two scrapers and No. three scrapers on the machine of scraping, No. two scrapers, No. three scrapers respectively, and a scraper is 7cm apart from the interval of base cloth, and No. two scrapers are 1cm apart from the interval of base cloth, and No. three scrapers are 0.2cm apart from the interval of base cloth.
In the in-process of using, if scrape the one-step scribbling that targets in place of biodegradable polyurethane resin on the base cloth, lead to the formation of bubble easily, through different intervals between scraper, No. two scrapers and No. three scrapers and the base cloth for biodegradable polyurethane resin scribbles the effect of scraping on the base cloth and can promote, prevents the appearance of bubble.
In the using process, the coating slurry is solvent-based, so that the stability and the price of the coating slurry on the base cloth are poor, and a designer improves the stability and the price of the coating slurry and then comprises a first heater, a second heater and a third heater. And the first heater, the second heater and the third heater respectively correspond to the first scraping machine, the second scraping machine and the third scraping machine.
When the automatic scraper is used, the temperature of the first heater is 30 ℃, the temperature of the second heater is 40 ℃, the temperature of the third heater is 50 ℃, the first heater is provided with the first air feeder, the second heater is provided with the second air feeder, the third heater is provided with the third air feeder, the first air feeder faces the first scraper, the second air feeder faces the second scraper, and the third air feeder faces the third scraper. Because the first scraper is used for thickly coating the coating slurry on the base cloth, the temperature of the first heater is adjusted to prevent the coating slurry from flowing on the base cloth, so that the second scraper can conveniently coat the base cloth, and the subsequent working efficiency is improved by heating the base cloth by the first heater, the second heater and the third heater.
The third step:
so that the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin is solidified on the surface of the base fabric. The concrete step of solidification is to carry out a cold air drying and solidification process for 1h on both sides of the base fabric under the condition that the temperature is 20 ℃.
The fourth step:
washing the base cloth with clean water, and washing DMF on the base cloth. The specific steps of washing the base cloth with water are that the base cloth passes through a first water pool, a second water pool and a third water pool in sequence at a movement speed of 0.5m/s, and the base cloth is immersed in the water pools when passing through the water pools; the first water pool is saline solution, and the second water pool and the third water pool are clean water.
The base cloth soaked with the slurry is continuously conveyed by the power roller device, the whole device is arranged right above all the water pools, the first water pool, the second water pool and the third water pool are mutually separated, the base cloth is integrally wavy when running under certain power, the base cloth between every two power rollers is arc-shaped, the base cloth is positioned at the bottom of the arc-shaped and is immersed in the water pools, the time for immersing the base cloth in the water pools is determined according to the running speeds of the power rollers, the motion modes of the power rollers can also adopt regular intermittent motion, the time for each motion is longer than the time for standing, and therefore the time for immersing the base cloth in the water pools can be relatively prolonged after each position change of the base cloth, and the DMF removing effect of the base cloth is improved.
Moreover, because the base cloth is arc-shaped, the DMF in the base cloth can be gradually gathered at the bottom of the arc under the action of gravity due to the existence of the inclination angle of the base cloth immersed in the water tank, so that the solution in the water tank and the DMF can be fully mixed.
The length of the base cloth immersed in the water tank is consistent every time the power roller runs once, the length of the base cloth can be controlled by setting the running speed and the running time of the power roller, the base cloth is optimally and symmetrically arranged along the running direction by taking the water surface as a symmetrical plane, the length of the base cloth immersed in the water tank is called a lower half arc section, and the length of the base cloth exposed on the water surface is called an upper half arc section. Therefore, the whole base cloth is uniformly divided into a plurality of sections of upper half arc sections or lower half arc sections with the same width and length, the DMF in the base cloth can be cleaned when the base cloth is positioned at the lower half arc section, the DMF in the base cloth can be collected in the lower half arc section under the action of gravity when the base cloth is positioned at the upper half arc section, all the base cloth can be fully washed by water for many times, and the removal efficiency of the DMF in the base cloth is improved.
And this kind of mode of washing benefit lies in, when the base cloth operation in-process leaves the pond gradually, owing to be about to go upward, at this moment, the base cloth is the tilt state, and moisture can drop under the action of gravity, because DMF can dissolve in water, inside remaining DMF can be along with moisture with the base cloth separation under the action of gravity, improves the effect of getting rid of DMF in the base cloth better.
In summary, the base cloth can be continuously cleaned for multiple times by reasonably adjusting the working parameters of the power rollers and the running state of the layout base cloth, and the DMF removing effect of the base cloth is the best.
The fifth step:
preheating at 120 ℃, ironing, drying and shaping to obtain a base blank, wherein the ironing time of the base cloth is 3min, the drying time of the base cloth is 160 ℃, the drying time of the base cloth is 8min, and the shaping time of the base cloth is 160 ℃ for 9 s.
And a sixth step:
and (3) coating the solvent type biodegradable polyurethane resin on release paper, and then putting the release paper coated with the biodegradable polyurethane resin into an oven to be heated to form the film.
The step of coating and scraping the biodegradable polyurethane resin on the release paper comprises the following steps: the coating device comprises two coating rollers, a first leveling roller and a second leveling roller which are oppositely arranged in pairs, wherein release paper passes between the two coating rollers which are oppositely arranged at the speed of 0.3m/s, passes through the two first leveling rollers which are oppositely arranged at the speed of 0.2m/s, and passes through the two second leveling rollers which are oppositely arranged at the speed of 0.1 m/s.
When the device is used, the distance between the two coating rollers is adjusted to be 1.2cm, the distance between the two first leveling rollers is adjusted to be 0.7cm, the distance between the two second leveling rollers is adjusted to be 0.3cm, and the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin is scraped onto release paper through the coating rollers, the first leveling rollers and the second leveling rollers, so that the effect of scraping the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin onto the release paper is improved.
In the coating roller coating and scraping process, the biodegradable polyurethane resin is adsorbed on the coating roller from the charging barrel, and the surfaces of the first leveling roller and the second leveling roller are respectively coated with the anti-sticking coating, so that the biodegradable polyurethane resin is prevented from being adhered to the first leveling roller and the second leveling roller when the first leveling roller and the second leveling roller are used for leveling the biodegradable polyurethane resin on the surface of the release paper.
And (3) attaching the film and the base blank, and drying the film and the base blank at the temperature of 70 ℃ to obtain a finished product.
The method for testing the surface integrity of the semi-finished synthetic leather comprises the following steps: determining the content of organic substances to be more than 35% by using a carbon 12 isotope method; the second method comprises the following steps: measuring the content of heavy metal by a fluorescence spectrometer to be lower than the European Union standard; the third method comprises the following steps: measuring the content of DMF (dimethyl formamide) by using an image-liquid mass spectrometer to be lower than the European Union standard; the method four comprises the following steps: the resistance to aging was determined by jungle test method to be unbreakable for 14 days. And finally, rolling up the qualified finished synthetic leather.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A bio-based degradable finished product containing dip-coating and scraping knitted fabric polyurethane synthetic leather veneering is characterized in that: the base cloth of the finished synthetic leather veneering product is a cotton-polyester blended knitted fabric;
the preparation steps of the synthetic leather veneered finished product are as follows:
the first step is as follows: pre-impregnating the base cloth, wherein the pre-impregnated material comprises bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, DMF (dimethyl formamide) and ultrafine graphene;
the second step is that: coating on the pre-impregnated base fabric, wherein the coating material comprises biodegradable polyurethane resin;
the third step: solidifying the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin on the surface of the base fabric;
the fourth step: washing the base cloth with clean water, and washing DMF on the base cloth;
the fifth step: preheating, ironing, drying and shaping the base cloth to obtain a base blank;
and a sixth step: coating and scraping the solvent type bio-based degradable polyurethane resin on release paper, then putting the release paper into an oven to heat to form a thin film, then attaching the thin film to the base blank, and finally drying to obtain a finished product;
the pre-impregnation material comprises 80-100 parts of bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, 300-400 parts of DMF (dimethyl formamide) and 5-10 parts of ultrafine graphene;
the coating slurry is composed of 60-70 parts of bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, 30-40 parts of polyurethane resin, 100 parts of DMF (dimethyl formamide), 5-10 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose, 5-10 parts of superfine graphene, 5-10 parts of ramie fiber powder and 2-5 parts of calcium gluconate.
2. The finished product of the bio-based degradable polyurethane synthetic leather veneering containing dip-coating and scratch-knitted fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the preparation requirement of the pre-impregnation material is that the superfine graphene and DMF are firstly added into a vacuum stirring kettle and stirred for 20-30min at 25-30 ℃ at 800r/min, then the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin is added and stirred for 30-40min at 1500r/min, vacuum defoaming is carried out for 60-120min, and then 100 meshes of filtration is carried out to prepare the pre-impregnation working slurry.
3. The finished product of the bio-based degradable polyurethane synthetic leather veneering containing dip-coating and scratch-knitted fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the preparation process of the coating slurry comprises the steps of firstly adding the ultrafine graphene, the ramie fiber powder, the carboxymethyl cellulose, the calcium gluconate and the DMF into a vacuum stirring kettle, stirring for 30min at 800r/min under the condition of 500 plus materials, then adding the bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, stirring for 60-120min under the condition of 1000 plus materials and 1500r/min, defoaming for 60-120min under the condition of vacuum, and filtering with 200-mesh plus materials under the condition of 180 plus materials to prepare the coating working slurry for later use.
4. The finished product of the bio-based degradable polyurethane synthetic leather veneering containing dip-coating and scratch-knitted fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the first step, the temperature of pre-impregnation is 50-60 ℃, and the time of pre-impregnation is 3-5 h; and in the process of pre-impregnation, continuously stirring the pre-impregnated base cloth.
5. The bio-based degradable dip-coated and scratch-coated knitted fabric-containing polyurethane synthetic leather veneered finished product of claim 1 is characterized in that: in the first step, taking out the pre-impregnated base cloth from the pool, then hanging the base cloth in a drying chamber at 20-30 ℃ for 5-7min, wherein a recovery tank is arranged in the drying chamber and positioned at the lower side of the base cloth, and the recovery tank collects the pre-impregnated material; and taking the base cloth out of the drying chamber after the airing is finished, putting the base cloth into a rubbing machine after the base cloth is taken out of the drying chamber, and pre-soaking the base cloth for 15-20min after the base cloth is rubbed below the temperature in the rubbing machine for 3-5 s.
6. The finished product of the bio-based degradable polyurethane synthetic leather veneering containing dip-coating and scratch-knitted fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the second step, the base cloth passes through a scraper, a second scraper and a third scraper in sequence, the first scraper, the second scraper and the third scraper are respectively arranged on the first scraper, the second scraper and the third scraper, the distance between the first scraper and the base cloth is 7-9cm, the distance between the second scraper and the base cloth is 1-3cm, and the distance between the third scraper and the base cloth is 0.2-0.6 cm.
7. The finished product of the bio-based degradable polyurethane synthetic leather veneering containing dip-coated and scratch-knitted fabric according to claim 6, which is characterized in that: the second step comprises a first heater, a second heater and a third heater, wherein the first heater, the second heater and the third heater respectively correspond to the first scraper, the second scraper and the third scraper, the temperature of the first heater is 20-30 ℃, the temperature of the second heater is 30-40 ℃, the temperature of the third heater is 40-50 ℃, a first air feeder is arranged on the first heater, a second air feeder is arranged on the second heater, a third air feeder is arranged on the third heater, the first air feeder faces the first scraper, the second air feeder faces the second scraper, and the third air feeder faces the third scraper.
8. The finished product of the bio-based degradable polyurethane synthetic leather veneering containing dip-coating and scratch-knitted fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the fourth step, the concrete step of washing the base cloth with water is that the base cloth passes through a first water pool, a second water pool and a third water pool in sequence at the movement speed of 0.5m/s, and the base cloth is immersed in the water pools when passing through the water pools; the first water pool is saline solution, and the second water pool and the third water pool are both clear water.
9. The finished product of the bio-based degradable polyurethane synthetic leather veneering containing dip-coating and scratch-knitted fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the fifth step, the time for ironing the base cloth is 1-3min, the temperature for drying the base cloth is 120-160 ℃, the drying time of the base cloth is 4-8min, the temperature for shaping the base cloth is 120-160 ℃, and the time is 5-9 s.
10. The finished product of the bio-based degradable polyurethane synthetic leather veneering containing dip-coating and scratch-knitted fabric according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the sixth step, the coating roll, the first leveling roll and the second leveling roll are arranged in pairs, the release paper passes between the two coating rolls at the speed of 0.3m/s, passes through the two first leveling rolls at the speed of 0.2m/s and passes through the two second leveling rolls at the speed of 0.1 m/s; the coating roller is adsorbed with bio-based degradable polyurethane resin, and anti-sticking coating is coated on the surfaces of the first spreading roller and the second spreading roller.
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| CN202210522232.8A CN115029935A (en) | 2022-05-13 | 2022-05-13 | Bio-based degradable dip-coating-containing scraping knitted fabric polyurethane synthetic leather veneering finished product |
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