CN115029152B - Coal tar washing and purifying device and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for washing and purifying coal tar. A liquid outlet cylinder is arranged in an upper shell of the oil-water strong mixer of the coal tar washing and purifying device, a balance hole is arranged at a position, close to the top end, of the liquid outlet cylinder, a continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice is arranged at a position, close to the top end, of the side wall of the upper shell, and the balance hole is positioned above the continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice and is communicated with a tar buffer tank; the filter element component is positioned in the lower shell; the dispersed phase liquid inlet pipe orifice on the side wall of the lower shell is connected with a reuse water buffer tank; the bottom of the lower shell is provided with a sewage draining pipe orifice. The oil-water strong mixer strengthens the process that fluid is broken into small liquid drops and is rapidly dispersed in other liquid through ingenious flow channel design and reasonable design of a filter element structure; the oil-water separator enables suspended small water drops in the oil-water mixture to be quickly coalesced into large water drops, the oil-water separation process is obviously accelerated, and the whole device realizes continuous and efficient washing and purification of coal tar in the device.

Description

Coal tar washing and purifying device and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of raw oil pretreatment, in particular to a device and a method for washing and purifying coal tar.

Background

Raw oil pretreatment is a key link of oil processing, and impurities such as salts in the raw oil are removed by water injection washing in the process, so that qualified raw oil is supplied to the downstream. As an important intermediate product in the coking industry, coal tar can be further deeply processed into fuel oil or a chemical product with high added value, and water injection washing of the raw material before being processed is a key process.

However, the oil and the water are almost insoluble, and how to enlarge the oil-water contact interface in a limited space so as to strengthen the mass transfer process of the salt in the oil phase into the water, which is important for the oil-water mixing process. In addition, the fraction of coal tar is relatively wide, especially medium and low temperature coal tar, and after being mixed with water for washing, the water oil, the water layer and the underwater oil can be layered, and an emulsification transition layer exists, but the layering process is very slow.

At present, common methods for enhancing oil-water mixing are as follows: mechanical stirring and mixing, air flow stirring and mixing, impinging stream and venturi mixing, etc. However, these methods have the disadvantages of high energy consumption, difficult mechanical component troubleshooting, high gas phase purification cost, limited mixing scale, and the like. It is therefore desirable to develop a liquid-liquid mixing apparatus and method that can break one of the liquids into small droplets and rapidly disperse in the other liquid, and that can achieve efficient mixing of the two liquids without introducing auxiliary forces such as gas or motors.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides a device and a method for washing and purifying coal tar.

The invention provides a washing and purifying device for coal tar, which comprises a reuse water buffer tank;

a tar buffer tank;

the oil-water strong mixer comprises an upper shell, a lower shell and a filter element assembly;

a liquid outlet pipe opening is formed in the top end of the liquid outlet pipe barrel, a balance hole is formed in the position, close to the top end, of the liquid outlet pipe barrel, a continuous phase liquid inlet pipe opening is formed in the position, close to the top end, of the side wall of the upper shell, the balance hole is positioned above the continuous phase liquid inlet pipe opening, and the continuous phase liquid inlet pipe opening is communicated with the tar buffer tank through an oil inlet pump;

the upper shell and the lower shell are detachably connected, the filter element assembly is positioned in the lower shell, and the upper end of the filter element assembly is detachably connected with the lower end of the upper shell; the side wall of the lower shell is provided with a disperse phase liquid inlet pipe orifice which is connected with a reuse water buffer tank through a water inlet pump; the bottom of the lower shell is provided with a sewage draining pipe orifice.

Preferably, the device also comprises an oil-water separator, wherein the oil-water separator comprises a sedimentation cylinder and a coalescer arranged in the sedimentation cylinder; the liquid inlet end of the coalescer is connected with the liquid outlet pipe orifice of the oil-water strong mixer; the sedimentation cylinder level sets up, the one end is located to the coalescer, the other end of sedimentation cylinder is equipped with light oil takeover, aqueous phase takeover and heavy oil takeover, just light oil takeover and aqueous phase takeover all are located the top of sedimentation cylinder, and the bottom of sedimentation cylinder is located to heavy oil takeover, the interior top of sedimentation cylinder between light oil takeover and the aqueous phase takeover still is equipped with the baffle, and the clearance is reserved to the bottom of baffle and sedimentation cylinder bottom.

Preferably, the side wall of the sedimentation cylinder is also provided with a primary lower side liquid guide pipe port, a primary upper side liquid guide pipe port, a secondary upper side liquid guide pipe port and a secondary lower side liquid guide pipe port which are communicated with the interior in a liquid manner; the oil-water separator is communicated with a primary remote transmission interface meter through a primary lower side liquid guide pipe port and a primary upper side liquid guide pipe port, and is communicated with a secondary remote transmission interface meter through a secondary upper side liquid guide pipe port and a secondary lower side liquid guide pipe port.

Preferably, the water inlet flow regulating valve is arranged on a communicating pipe of the dispersed phase liquid inlet pipe orifice and the water inlet pump, the oil inlet flow regulating valve is arranged on a communicating pipe of the continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice and the oil inlet pump, the light oil connecting pipe, the water phase connecting pipe and the heavy oil connecting pipe are respectively connected with corresponding product collecting bins, and the light oil leading-out valve, the washing water leading-out valve and the heavy oil leading-out valve are correspondingly arranged on each connecting pipeline.

Preferably, a liquid outlet pipe orifice of the oil-water strong mixer is communicated with the bottom of the oil-water separator through two branch pipelines which are connected in parallel, and a feed valve a and a feed valve b are respectively arranged on the two branch pipelines in a communicated manner; the feeding valve a and the feeding valve b are respectively communicated with two branch pipelines communicated with the bottom of the oil-water separator, two parallel liquid discharge branch pipelines are led out, the two parallel liquid discharge branch pipelines are communicated with the inlet of the liquid-solid separator after being converged and communicated through a liquid discharge main pipeline, one outlet of the liquid-solid separator is communicated with an intermediate product sludge collecting bin, the other outlet of the liquid-solid separator is communicated with an oil inlet pipeline of an oil inlet pump inlet through the liquid discharge main pipeline, and a recoil valve a and a recoil valve b are respectively communicated with the two liquid discharge branch pipelines.

Preferably, the oil-water separator is also connected with a safety valve, a drain pipe orifice of the safety valve is communicated with a pipe orifice of related equipment at the top of the tar buffer tank through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a gradient, so that drain liquid flows into the tar buffer tank under the action of gravity.

Preferably, the coalescer comprises a feed nozzle, a coalescer head, a coalescing core, a distribution plate, a coalescer bowl and a pair of coalescer flanges; one end of the coalescer end socket is connected with a feed pipe orifice, the other end of the coalescer end socket is connected with a coalescer barrel through a coalescer flange pair, the upper end of the coalescer barrel is communicated with the bottom of a sedimentation barrel, the inlet of a coalescing core is communicated with a distribution plate, the edge of the distribution plate is seamlessly connected with the inner wall of the coalescer barrel, and the feed pipe orifice is connected with a liquid outlet pipe orifice.

The invention also provides a purification method of the coal tar washing and purifying device, which comprises the following steps:

closing the backflushing valve b, the backflushing valve a, the heavy oil extraction valve, the oil inlet flow regulating valve and the water inlet flow regulating valve, and simultaneously opening the feeding valve a, the feeding valve b, the light oil extraction valve and the washing water extraction valve;

starting a water inlet pump and an oil inlet pump, then adjusting the opening of an oil inlet flow regulating valve and the opening of an oil inlet flow regulating valve, mixing two raw material liquids through an oil-water strong mixer, then injecting the mixed raw material liquids into an oil-water separator, then controlling the opening of a light oil outlet valve by referring to the numerical change of a primary remote transmission limit gauge, and controlling the opening of a washing water outlet valve and a heavy oil outlet valve by referring to the numerical change of a secondary remote transmission limit gauge;

after the device is operated for a preset period of time, the feeding valve a is closed, the back flushing valve a is opened, back flushing timing is started, and after the back flushing timing reaches the preset period of time, the feeding valve a is closed, and the feeding valve a is opened. The sequence control step completes the back flushing of the a-series feeding unit, and the same sequence control step can be used for the back flushing of the b-series feeding unit after the a-series back flushing is finished.

Preferably, the raw material in the reuse water buffer tank is washing water with pH of 5< 10 and total hardness of 400ppm, the raw material in the tar buffer tank is coal tar, the pressure of the medium in the two buffer tanks is 0-1 MPaG, and the temperature is 2-120 ℃.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the oil-water strong mixer provided by the coal tar washing and purifying device provided by the invention strengthens the process that fluid is broken into small liquid drops and is rapidly dispersed in another liquid through ingenious runner design and reasonable arrangement of filter element structures, and reduces the mixing scale of two-phase flow to a great extent under the conditions of no moving parts and no auxiliary air flow, thereby realizing the efficient mixing of two liquids and strengthening the mass transfer process of the water washing process. In addition, the arrangement of the flange connection structure and the threaded connection structure of the relevant parts is beneficial to disassembly and maintenance of equipment and replacement of spare parts.

According to the oil-water separator provided by the invention, the water drop coalescence principle on the surface of the functional material and the oil-water gravity layering principle are concentrated in the same equipment for effective combined application, so that the suspended small water drops in the oil-water mixture can be rapidly coalesced into large water drops, the oil-water separation process is further remarkably accelerated, and the preliminary high-efficiency separation of the oil-water mixture is realized. In addition, the arrangement of a plurality of groups of coalescers provides a hardware foundation for the on-line automatic back flushing process of the equipment, thereby laying a solid foundation for the long-period operation of the equipment. In addition, the arrangement of the liquid separation plate in the equipment provides important conditions for the efficient separation and the outward transportation of the water oil layer, the water layer and the underwater oil layer. In addition, the arrangement of the liquid-solid separator ensures that a small amount of particles in the raw material liquid can be separated from the oil-water separator after backflushing and are removed on line, and the separated liquid is circulated back into the device, so that the self-cleaning and long-period operation of the oil-water separator under the condition of not introducing new backflushing medium are realized.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the oil-water strong mixer in the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the oil-water separator according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a separator plate in the oil-water separator device of the present invention.

Reference numerals illustrate:

01. a reuse water buffer tank; 02. a water inlet pump; 03. a feed valve a; 04. a feed valve b; 05. a recoil valve b; 06. a recoil valve a; 07. an oil-water separator; 08. a safety valve; 09. a light oil extraction valve; 010. light oil; 011. washing water; 012. a wash water extraction valve; 013. heavy oil; 014. a heavy oil extraction valve; 015. oil sludge; 016. a liquid-solid separator; 017. a tar buffer tank; 018. an oil inlet flow regulating valve; 019. an oil feed pump; 020. a water inlet flow regulating valve; 021. an oil-water strong mixer;

100. an upper housing; 200. a lower housing; 300. a filter element assembly; 101. a liquid outlet pipe orifice; 102. a liquid outlet pipe reducing piece; 103. a liquid outlet pipe cylinder; 104. a balance hole; 105. an upper shell long cylinder end socket; 106. a continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice; 107. an internal thread of the seal head; 108. an upper housing flange; 201. a lower housing flange; 202. a dispersed phase liquid inlet pipe orifice; 203. a lower shell straight barrel; 204. a lower shell closure head; 205. a sewage pipe orifice; 301. a filter element end; 302. a cartridge body; 303. and (5) an external thread of the filter element.

110. A sedimentation cylinder; 210. a coalescer; 1. a manhole; 2. a settling cask seal head; 3. reserving a pipe orifice; 4. a straight cylinder; 5. a primary lower catheter port; 6. a primary upper catheter port; 7. a liquid separation plate; 8. a light oil connecting pipe; 9. connecting the water phase; 10. a secondary upper catheter port; 11. a secondary lower catheter port; 12. heavy oil connecting pipe; 13. an equipment support; 81. a short section; 82. a reducing head is connected with the connecting pipe; 83. a connecting pipe flange; 211. a feed pipe orifice; 212. a coalescer head; 213. coalescing the core; 214. a coalescer bowl; 215. a pair of coalescer flanges; 216. a distribution plate.

Detailed Description

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1-4, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The invention provides a washing and purifying device for coal tar, which comprises a reuse water buffer tank 01; a tar buffer tank 017 and an oil-water strong mixer 021, wherein the oil-water strong mixer 021 comprises an upper shell 100, a lower shell 200 and a filter element assembly 300; a liquid outlet cylinder 103 is arranged in the upper shell 100, a liquid outlet pipe orifice 101 is arranged at the top end of the liquid outlet cylinder 103, a balance hole 104 is arranged at the position, close to the top end, of the liquid outlet cylinder 103, a continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice 106 is arranged at the position, close to the top end, of the side wall of the upper shell 100, the balance hole 104 is positioned above the continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice 106, and the continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice 106 is communicated with a tar buffer tank 017 through an oil inlet pump 019; the upper shell 100 and the lower shell 200 are detachably connected, the filter element assembly 300 is positioned in the lower shell 200, and the upper end of the filter element assembly 300 is detachably connected with the lower end of the upper shell 100; the side wall of the lower shell 200 is provided with a disperse phase liquid inlet pipe orifice 202, and the disperse phase liquid inlet pipe orifice 202 is connected with a reuse water buffer tank 01 through a water inlet pump 02; the bottom of the lower housing 200 is provided with a drain nozzle 205.

Preferably, further comprising a separator 07, said separator 07 comprising a settling drum 110 and a coalescer 210 disposed within said settling drum 110; the liquid inlet end of the coalescer 210 is connected with the liquid outlet pipe orifice 101 of the oil-water strong mixer 021; the sedimentation cylinder 110 is horizontally arranged, the coalescer 210 is arranged at one end of the sedimentation cylinder 110, the other end of the sedimentation cylinder 110 is provided with a light oil connecting pipe 8, a water phase connecting pipe 9 and a heavy oil connecting pipe 12, the light oil connecting pipe 8 and the water phase connecting pipe 9 are arranged at the top of the sedimentation cylinder 110, the heavy oil connecting pipe 12 is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation cylinder 110, the inner top of the sedimentation cylinder 110 between the light oil connecting pipe 8 and the water phase connecting pipe 9 is also provided with a liquid separation plate 7, and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the liquid separation plate 7 and the bottom of the sedimentation cylinder 110.

Preferably, the side wall of the settling drum 110 is further provided with a primary lower side liquid guiding pipe opening 5, a primary upper side liquid guiding pipe opening 6, a secondary upper side liquid guiding pipe opening 10 and a secondary lower side liquid guiding pipe opening 11 which are communicated with the internal liquid; the oil-water separator 07 is communicated with a primary remote transmission interface gauge through a primary lower side liquid guiding pipe port 5 and a primary upper side liquid guiding pipe port 6, and is communicated with a secondary remote transmission interface gauge through a secondary upper side liquid guiding pipe port 10 and a secondary lower side liquid guiding pipe port 11.

Preferably, the water inlet flow regulating valve 020 is arranged on the communicating pipe between the dispersed phase liquid inlet pipe orifice 202 and the water inlet pump 02, the oil inlet flow regulating valve 018 is arranged on the communicating pipe between the continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice 106 and the oil inlet pump 019, the light oil connecting pipe 8, the water phase connecting pipe 9 and the heavy oil connecting pipe 12 are respectively connected with corresponding product collecting bins, and each connecting pipeline is correspondingly provided with the light oil outlet valve 09, the washing water outlet valve 012 and the heavy oil outlet valve 014.

Preferably, the liquid outlet pipe orifice 101 of the oil-water strong mixer 021 is communicated with the bottom of the oil-water separator 07 through two branch pipelines connected in parallel, and a feed valve a03 and a feed valve b04 are respectively arranged on the two branch pipelines in a communicated manner; the feeding valve a03 and the feeding valve b04 are respectively communicated with two branch pipelines communicated with the bottom of the oil-water separator 07, two parallel liquid discharge branch pipelines are led out, the two parallel liquid discharge branch pipelines are communicated with the inlet of the liquid-solid separator 016 after being converged and communicated through a liquid discharge main pipeline, one outlet of the liquid-solid separator 016 is communicated with an intermediate product sludge collection bin 015, the other outlet of the liquid-solid separator 016 is communicated with an oil inlet pipeline of an oil inlet pump 019 through the liquid discharge main pipeline, and a recoil valve a06 and a recoil valve b05 are respectively communicated with the two liquid discharge branch pipelines.

Preferably, the oil-water separator 07 is also connected with a safety valve 08, a drain pipe orifice of the safety valve 08 is communicated with a pipe orifice of related equipment at the top of the tar buffer tank 017 through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a gradient, so that the drain liquid flows into the tar buffer tank 017 under the action of gravity.

Preferably, coalescer 210 includes a feed nozzle 211, a coalescer head 212, a coalescing core 213, a distributor plate 216, a coalescer bowl 214, and a pair of coalescer flanges 215; one end of the coalescer end socket 212 is connected with a feed pipe orifice 211, the other end of the coalescer end socket is connected with a coalescer cylinder 214 through a coalescer flange pair 215, the upper end of the coalescer cylinder 214 is communicated with the bottom of the sedimentation cylinder 110, the inlet of the coalescing core 213 is communicated with a distributing plate 216, the edge of the distributing plate 216 is connected with the inner wall of the coalescer cylinder 214 in a seamless mode, and the feed pipe orifice 211 is connected with the liquid outlet pipe orifice 101.

The invention also provides a purification method of the coal tar washing and purifying device, which comprises the following steps:

the back flushing valve b05, the back flushing valve a06, the heavy oil leading-out valve 014, the oil inlet flow rate regulating valve 018 and the water inlet flow rate regulating valve 020 are closed, and the feed valve a03, the feed valve b04, the light oil leading-out valve 09 and the washing water leading-out valve 012 are opened;

starting the water inlet pump 02 and the oil inlet pump 019, and then adjusting the opening degrees of the oil inlet flow regulating valve 018 and the water inlet flow regulating valve 020 so that two raw materials are mixed by the oil-water strong mixer 021 and then injected into the oil-water separator 07, and then controlling the opening degrees of the light oil outlet valve 09 by referring to the numerical change of the primary remote transmission limit gauge (LC 1), and controlling the opening degrees of the washing water outlet valve 012 and the heavy oil outlet valve 014 by referring to the numerical change of the secondary remote transmission limit gauge (LC 2);

after the device is operated for a preset period of time, the feeding valve a03 is closed, the recoil valve a06 is opened, the recoil timing is started, and after the recoil timing reaches the preset period of time, the feeding valve a03 is opened while the recoil valve a06 is closed. The sequence control step completes the back flushing of the a-series feeding unit, and the same sequence control step can be used for the back flushing of the b-series feeding unit after the a-series back flushing is finished.

Preferably, the raw material in the reuse water buffer tank 01 is washing water with pH of 5< 10 and total hardness of 400ppm, the raw material in the tar buffer tank 017 is coal tar, the pressure of the medium in the two buffer tanks is 0-1 MPaG, and the temperature is 2-120 ℃.

As shown in fig. 1, the apparatus of the present embodiment includes a reuse water buffer tank 01, a water intake pump 02, a feed valve a03, a feed valve b04, a backflushing valve b05, a backflushing valve a06, an oil-water separator 07, a safety valve 08, a light oil extraction valve 09, a light oil 010, wash water 011, a wash water extraction valve 012, a heavy oil 013, a heavy oil extraction valve 014, sludge 015, a liquid-solid separator 016, a tar buffer tank 017, an oil intake flow rate adjusting valve 018, an oil intake pump 019, an water intake flow rate adjusting valve 020, and an oil-water intensive mixer 021.

The reuse water buffer tank 01 is communicated with the water inlet pump 02 through a water inlet pipeline, the water inlet pump 02 is communicated with a dispersed phase liquid inlet pipe orifice 202 of the oil-water strong mixer 021 through the water inlet pipeline, and a water inlet flow regulating valve 020 is arranged on the pipeline and communicated with the water inlet pipe orifice;

the tar buffer tank 017 is communicated with the oil inlet pump 019 through an oil inlet pipeline, the oil inlet pump 019 is communicated with a continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice 106 of the oil-water strong mixer 021 through an oil inlet pipeline, and an oil inlet flow regulating valve 018 is arranged on the pipeline and communicated with the oil inlet pipe orifice;

the liquid outlet pipe orifice 101 of the oil-water strong mixer 021 is communicated with the bottom of the oil-water separator 07 through two branch pipelines which are connected in parallel, and a feed valve a03 and a feed valve b04 are respectively communicated with the two branch pipelines;

the feed valve a03 and the feed valve b04 are respectively communicated with two branch pipelines communicated with the bottom of the oil-water separator 07, two parallel liquid discharge branch pipelines are led out, the two parallel liquid discharge branch pipelines are communicated with an inlet of the liquid-solid separator 016 after being converged and communicated through a liquid discharge main pipeline, one outlet of the liquid-solid separation device is communicated with an intermediate product sludge 015, the other outlet of the liquid-solid separation device is communicated with an oil inlet pipeline of an oil inlet pump 019 through the liquid discharge main pipeline, and a recoil valve a06 and a recoil valve b05 are respectively communicated with the two liquid discharge branch pipelines;

the safety valve 08 is communicated with a pipe orifice of the related equipment at the top of the oil-water separator 07, a drain pipe orifice of the safety valve 08 is communicated with a pipe orifice of the related equipment at the top of the tar buffer tank 017 through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a bag-free slope, so that the drain liquid can flow into the tar buffer tank 017 by gravity;

the light oil 010, the washing water 011 and the heavy oil 013 are respectively communicated with corresponding equipment pipe orifices of the oil-water separator 07 through pipelines, and a light oil extraction valve 09, a washing water extraction valve 012 and a heavy oil extraction valve 014 are respectively arranged on the three parallel pipelines in sequence.

The water inlet pump 02 and the oil inlet pump 019 can be provided with standby pumps, and the types of the pumps can be selected from centrifugal pumps, axial flow pumps and vortex pumps.

The feed valve a03, the feed valve b04, the backflushing valve b05, the backflushing valve a06, the light oil leading-out valve 09, the washing water leading-out valve 012, the heavy oil leading-out valve 014, the oil inlet flow regulating valve 018 and the water inlet flow regulating valve 020 are all remote automatic control valves, and the valve types can be selected from but not limited to ball valves, stop valves, gate valves and needle valves.

As shown in fig. 2, the oil-water strong mixer 021 includes an upper housing 100, a lower housing 200, and a filter element assembly 300; the upper shell 100 comprises a liquid outlet pipe orifice 101, a liquid outlet pipe reducing piece 102, a liquid outlet pipe barrel 103, a balance hole 104, an upper shell long barrel seal head 105, a continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice 106, seal head internal threads 107 and an upper shell flange 108; the lower shell 200 comprises a lower shell flange 201, a disperse phase liquid inlet pipe orifice 202, a lower shell straight barrel 203, a lower shell seal head 204 and a sewage drain pipe orifice 205; the filter element assembly 300 comprises a filter element end 301, a filter element cylinder 302 and a filter element external thread 303; the upper casing 100 and the lower casing 200 are detachably connected in a pairing manner through an upper casing flange 108 and a lower casing flange 201 respectively. The detachable connection is beneficial to the installation and maintenance of the components in the equipment; the upper shell 100 and the filter element assembly 300 are connected in a pairing and detachable mode through the seal head internal threads 107 and the filter element external threads 303 respectively. The detachable connection is beneficial to the installation and maintenance of the components in the equipment;

the liquid outlet pipe orifice 101, the liquid outlet pipe reducing piece 102, the liquid outlet pipe cylinder 103, the upper shell long cylinder seal 105, the seal head internal thread 107 and the upper shell flange 108 are sequentially and seamlessly connected from top to bottom; the liquid outlet pipe cylinder 103 is of a straight pipe structure, the upper shell long cylinder end 105 is an attached straight pipe section end, and an annular cavity is formed between the liquid outlet pipe cylinder 103 and the upper shell long cylinder end 105;

the balance hole 104 is a round hole on the liquid outlet pipe cylinder 103 and is close to the joint of the liquid outlet pipe cylinder 103 and the upper shell long cylinder sealing head 105. The balance holes are beneficial to the discharge of a small amount of bubbles entrained in the liquid, and the local formation of air bags is prevented, so that the relative movement of two liquids to be treated is greatly weakened;

the continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice 106 is tangentially communicated with the straight pipe section of the upper shell long cylinder end socket 105. Tangential connection is beneficial to forming rotational flow;

the lower shell flange 201, the lower shell straight cylinder 203, the lower shell seal head 204 and the sewage pipe orifice 205 are sequentially and seamlessly connected from top to bottom;

the dispersion liquid inlet pipe orifice 202 is tangentially communicated with the lower shell straight barrel 203, and the rotation directions of the two fluids entering the mixing equipment through the dispersion liquid inlet pipe orifice 202 and the continuous liquid inlet pipe orifice 106 are opposite. Tangential connections facilitate the formation of a swirl. The opposite rotational flow is beneficial to accelerating the relative movement of the two liquids, thereby facilitating the breaking of the dispersed phase liquid;

the filter element end 301, the filter element cylinder 302 and the filter element external threads 303 are sequentially connected in a seamless manner from bottom to top; the cartridge body 302 is a circular tube structure, and the circular tube has certain permeability, and can be a ceramic cartridge, a sintered metal cartridge, a powder metallurgy cartridge, a functional material based composite cartridge or a dense metal wire mesh. The filter element is arranged mainly for strengthening the breaking of the dispersed phase liquid;

the vertical height L1 between the inner side of the filter element end 301 and the bottommost end of the liquid outlet pipe barrel 103 and the overall height L2 of the device need to satisfy the following constraint conditions: l1 is more than or equal to 10mm and less than or equal to 1000mm, L2 is more than or equal to 300mm and less than or equal to 3000mm. Constraints of this condition may lock the device profile in a reasonable interval;

the inside diameter d1 of the straight pipe section of the upper shell long cylinder head 105, the outside diameter d2 of the liquid outlet pipe cylinder 103, the inside diameter d3 of the balance hole 104, the inside diameter d4 of the filter core cylinder 302, the outside diameter d5 of the filter core cylinder 302 and the inside diameter d6 of the lower shell straight cylinder 203 need to satisfy the following constraint conditions: d2 is more than or equal to 25mm, d4 is more than or equal to 2, d5 is more than or equal to 1mm, d6 is more than or equal to 1000mm, d3 is more than or equal to 1mm and less than or equal to 20mm. This constraint may further make the equipment internals arrangement more reasonable;

after the upper housing 100, the lower housing 200, and the filter element assembly 300 are assembled, they are required to be installed vertically for use. The limitation is put forward mainly in consideration of the exhaust function of the balance hole 104.

As shown in fig. 3, the oil-water separator 07 comprises a settling drum 110 and a coalescer 210;

the sedimentation cylinder 110 comprises a straight cylinder body 4, two sedimentation cylinder sealing heads 2 communicated with two ends of the straight cylinder body 4, two access holes 1 communicated with the two sedimentation cylinder sealing heads 2, a liquid separation plate 7 connected with the inner wall of the straight cylinder body 4, a primary lower side liquid guide pipe opening 5, a primary upper side liquid guide pipe opening 6, a light oil connecting pipe 8, a water phase connecting pipe 9, a secondary upper side liquid guide pipe opening 10, a secondary lower side liquid guide pipe opening 11 and a heavy oil connecting pipe 12 which are respectively communicated with the straight cylinder body 4;

the coalescer 210 comprises a feed nozzle 211, a coalescer head 212 in communication with the feed nozzle 211, a coalescing core 213, a distribution plate 216 in communication with the inlet of the coalescing core 213, and a coalescer bowl 214 seamlessly connected to the outer edge of the distribution plate 216;

the upper end of the coalescer cylinder 214 is communicated with the bottom of the straight cylinder 4, and the lower end of the coalescer cylinder 214 is communicated with the upper end of the coalescer flange pair 215; the upper end of the coalescer head 212 communicates with the lower end of the pair of coalescer flanges 215;

the straight cylinder body 4 is a cylinder, and the axis is parallel to the horizontal plane; 1-10 reserved pipe orifices 3 are arranged at the top of the straight cylinder 4 and are communicated with the cylinder 4; the outer surface of the bottom of the straight cylinder 4 is provided with 2-8 equipment supports 13. The reserved pipe orifice 3 can be used for mounting instruments and meters such as a safety valve, a pressure gauge, a thermometer and the like; the arrangement of the equipment support 13 is beneficial to the installation of bases such as equipment and a matched civil engineering frame.

The primary lower side liquid guide pipe openings 5 and the primary upper side liquid guide pipe openings 6 are vertically arranged in a pairing mode, the number of the primary lower side liquid guide pipe openings is 1-5 pairs, the primary lower side liquid guide pipe openings and the primary upper side liquid guide pipe openings are located on the straight cylinder body 4 between the feeding side sedimentation cylinder head 2 and the liquid separation plate 7, and the axis of the primary lower side liquid guide pipe opening 5 and the lowest point of the liquid separation plate 7 are located on the same horizontal plane. The liquid guiding tube port is arranged in the matching way, and is mainly used for dynamically measuring the interface between the light oil and the water;

the two-stage upper side liquid guide pipe ports 10 and the two-stage lower side liquid guide pipe ports 11 are vertically arranged in a paired mode, the number of the two-stage upper side liquid guide pipe ports and the two-stage lower side liquid guide pipe ports is 1-5 pairs, the two-stage upper side liquid guide pipe ports and the two-stage lower side liquid guide pipe ports are all located on the straight cylinder body 4 between the discharging side sedimentation cylinder head 2 and the liquid separation plate 7, and the horizontal plane where the axis of the two-stage lower side liquid guide pipe ports 11 is located is lower than the lowest point of the liquid separation plate 7. The matched liquid guiding pipe opening is arranged here, and is mainly used for dynamically measuring the interface between heavy oil and water. The arrangement of the paired liquid guide ports is mainly used for preventing false alarm of instrument faults or switching maintenance in the running process;

the primary lower side liquid guide pipe port 5, the primary upper side liquid guide pipe port 6, the secondary upper side liquid guide pipe port 10 and the secondary lower side liquid guide pipe port 11 are all communicated with an interface metering instrument, and the interface metering instrument is one or more of differential pressure type, floating type, float type, capacitance type, radio frequency admittance type or radar type;

the liquid separation plate 7 (see fig. 4) is a circular plate with an inner diameter slightly smaller than that of the straight cylinder 4, and is a large cutting circular plate formed by cutting off a part of the plate at the lower side at a certain horizontal plane; the liquid separation plate 7 is perpendicular to the axis of the straight cylinder 4, and the arc part of the liquid separation plate 7 is in seamless connection with the inner wall surface of the top side of the straight cylinder 4;

the light oil connecting pipe 8, the water phase connecting pipe 9 and the heavy oil connecting pipe 12 comprise a short joint 81, a connecting pipe reducing head 82 and a connecting pipe flange 83 which are sequentially communicated; the light oil connecting pipe 8 and the water phase connecting pipe 9 are both communicated with the top of the straight cylinder 4, and the heavy oil connecting pipe 12 is communicated with the bottom of the straight cylinder 4;

the number of coalescers 210 is 2-6. The arrangement of more than 2 coalescers 210 provides a hardware basis for achieving on-line switching and on-line backwashing of coalescing cores 213;

the length L1 and the inner diameter d1 of the straight cylinder body 4 are respectively 1 m-50 m and 500 mm-5000 mm in the range of L1-d 1; the inner diameter d2 of the manhole 1 is in the range of 400 mm-1000 mm and d2 is less than or equal to 400 mm; the coalescer bowl 214 has an inner diameter d3 in the range 400mm < d3< 4000mm and has d3< d1. Limiting part of critical dimensions so that the overall dimension of the equipment is within a reasonable and controllable range;

the length L2 of the coalescing core 213, the minimum horizontal distance L3 between the edge of the feed end of the straight cylinder 4 and the coalescer cylinder 214, the maximum horizontal distance L4 between the edge of the discharge end of the straight cylinder 4 and the heavy oil pipe 12, the horizontal distance L5 between the edge of the discharge end of the straight cylinder 4 and the liquid separation plate 7, the maximum horizontal distance L6 between the edge of the discharge end of the straight cylinder 4 and the water phase pipe 9, and the minimum horizontal distance L7 between the edge of the discharge end of the straight cylinder 4 and the light oil pipe 8 need to satisfy the following constraint conditions: l2 is 400mm or less and 5000mm or less, L3 is 50mm or less and 500mm or less, L4 is 200mm or less and L5 is 200mm or less and L7 is 4000mm or less and L6 is 200mm or less and L5 is 6. Defining a portion of critical dimensions such that individual critical components can be arranged in a reasonable space;

the following constraint conditions are required to be satisfied by the vertical height h1 between the primary lower side liquid guiding pipe opening 5 and the primary upper side liquid guiding pipe opening 6, the vertical height h2 between the bottom horizontal outer edge and the top outer edge of the liquid separating plate 7, and the vertical height h3 between the secondary upper side liquid guiding pipe opening 10 and the secondary lower side liquid guiding pipe opening 11: 0.5d1< h1< h2< h3.ltoreq.0.99d1. This defined arrangement ensures that the relevant interface meter can be arranged in a reasonable area.

The oil-water separator 07 is provided with a primary remote transmission boundary position meter LC1 through the primary lower side liquid guiding pipe opening 5 and the primary upper side liquid guiding pipe opening 6 in the device, and is provided with a secondary remote transmission boundary position meter LC2 through the secondary upper side liquid guiding pipe opening 10 and the secondary lower side liquid guiding pipe opening 11 in the device.

The raw materials in the reuse water buffer tank 01 are washing water with pH of 5< 10 and total hardness of 400ppm, the raw materials in the tar buffer tank 017 are coal tar, and the pressure and temperature ranges of media in the two buffer tanks are 0-1 MPaG and 2-120 ℃ respectively.

The control method of the present invention is as follows,

step 1: the back flushing valve b05, the back flushing valve a06, the heavy oil leading-out valve 014, the oil inlet flow rate regulating valve 018 and the water inlet flow rate regulating valve 020 are closed, and the feed valve a03, the feed valve b04, the light oil leading-out valve 09 and the washing water leading-out valve 012 are opened;

step 2: starting the water inlet pump 02 and the oil inlet pump 019, and then adjusting the opening of the oil inlet flow regulating valve 018 and the opening of the water inlet flow regulating valve 020 so that two raw materials are mixed by the oil-water intensive mixer 021 and then injected into the oil-water separator 07, and then controlling the opening of the light oil outlet valve 09 by referring to the numerical change of the primary remote-transmission level gauge LC1 and controlling the opening of the washing water outlet valve 012 and the opening of the heavy oil outlet valve 014 by referring to the numerical change of the secondary remote-transmission level gauge LC 2;

step 3: after the device is operated for a preset period of time, the feeding valve a03 is closed, the recoil valve a06 is opened, the recoil timing is started, and after the recoil timing reaches the preset period of time, the feeding valve a03 is opened while the recoil valve a06 is closed. The sequence control step completes the back flushing of the a-series feeding unit, and the same sequence control step can be used for the back flushing of the b-series feeding unit after the a-series back flushing is finished.

The coal tar in the tar buffer tank and the washing water in the reuse water buffer tank are respectively conveyed into the oil-water strong mixer through pumps to be quickly and intensively mixed and then flow into the oil-water separator, three products of the light oil, the washing water and the heavy oil are respectively regulated and controlled and led out through the light oil leading-out valve, the washing water leading-out valve and the heavy oil leading-out valve which are connected in parallel after coalescence and sedimentation layering, and the self-produced liquid in the device is used as a cleaning agent to carry out periodical back flushing, so that a small amount of solid impurities in the coal tar can be cleaned on line in the arranged liquid-solid separator, and further the continuous and efficient washing and purification of the coal tar in the device are realized.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (5)

1. A coal tar washing and purifying device, comprising:

a reuse water buffer tank (01);

a tar buffer tank (017);

an oil-water strong mixer (021) which comprises an upper shell (100), a lower shell (200) and a filter element assembly (300);

a liquid outlet pipe barrel (103) is arranged in the upper shell (100), an annular space cavity is formed between the liquid outlet pipe barrel (103) and the upper shell (100), a liquid outlet pipe orifice (101) is arranged at the top end of the liquid outlet pipe barrel (103), a balance hole (104) is arranged at the position, close to the top end, of the liquid outlet pipe barrel (103), a continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice (106) is arranged at the position, close to the top end, of the side wall of the upper shell (100), the balance hole (104) is positioned above the continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice (106), and the continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice (106) is communicated with a tar buffer tank (017) through an oil inlet pump (019);

the upper shell (100) is detachably connected with the lower shell (200), the filter element assembly (300) is positioned in the lower shell (200), and the upper end of the filter element assembly (300) is detachably connected with the lower end of the upper shell (100); the side wall of the lower shell (200) is provided with a disperse phase liquid inlet pipe orifice (202), and the disperse phase liquid inlet pipe orifice (202) is connected with a reuse water buffer tank (01) through a water inlet pump (02); a sewage drain pipe orifice (205) is arranged at the bottom of the lower shell (200);

further comprising an oil-water separator (07), the oil-water separator (07) comprising a settling drum (110) and a coalescer (210) disposed within the settling drum (110); the liquid inlet end of the coalescer (210) is connected with a liquid outlet pipe orifice (101) of the oil-water strong mixer (021); the sedimentation cylinder (110) is horizontally arranged, the coalescer (210) is arranged at one end of the sedimentation cylinder, a light oil connecting pipe (8), a water phase connecting pipe (9) and a heavy oil connecting pipe (12) are arranged at the other end of the sedimentation cylinder (110), the light oil connecting pipe (8) and the water phase connecting pipe (9) are arranged at the top of the sedimentation cylinder (110), the heavy oil connecting pipe (12) is arranged at the bottom of the sedimentation cylinder (110), a liquid separation plate (7) is further arranged at the inner top of the sedimentation cylinder (110) between the light oil connecting pipe (8) and the water phase connecting pipe (9), and a gap is reserved between the bottom of the liquid separation plate (7) and the bottom of the sedimentation cylinder (110);

the side wall of the sedimentation cylinder (110) is also provided with a primary lower side liquid guide pipe port (5), a primary upper side liquid guide pipe port (6), a secondary upper side liquid guide pipe port (10) and a secondary lower side liquid guide pipe port (11) which are communicated with the internal liquid; the oil-water separator (07) is communicated with a primary remote transmission boundary gauge through a primary lower side liquid guide pipe port (5) and a primary upper side liquid guide pipe port (6), and is communicated with a secondary remote transmission boundary gauge through a secondary upper side liquid guide pipe port (10) and a secondary lower side liquid guide pipe port (11);

a water inlet flow regulating valve (020) is arranged on a communicating pipe of the dispersed phase liquid inlet pipe orifice (202) and the water inlet pump (02), an oil inlet flow regulating valve (018) is arranged on a communicating pipe of the continuous phase liquid inlet pipe orifice (106) and the oil inlet pump (019), a light oil connecting pipe (8), a water phase connecting pipe (9) and a heavy oil connecting pipe (12) are respectively connected with corresponding product collecting bins, and a light oil outlet valve (09), a washing water outlet valve (012) and a heavy oil outlet valve (014) are correspondingly arranged on each connecting pipeline;

the liquid outlet pipe orifice (101) of the oil-water strong mixer (021) is communicated with the bottom of the oil-water separator (07) through two branch pipelines which are connected in parallel, and a feed valve a (03) and a feed valve b (04) are respectively communicated with the two branch pipelines; the feeding valve a (03), the feeding valve b (04) and two branch pipelines communicated with the bottom of the oil-water separator (07) are respectively communicated and led out to form two parallel liquid discharge branch pipelines, the two parallel liquid discharge branch pipelines are communicated with the inlet of the liquid-solid separator (016) after being converged and communicated through a liquid discharge main pipeline, one outlet of the liquid-solid separator (016) is communicated with an intermediate product sludge collecting bin (015), the other outlet of the liquid-solid separator is communicated with an oil inlet pipeline of an oil inlet pump (019) through the liquid discharge main pipeline, and a recoil valve a (06) and a recoil valve b (05) are respectively communicated with the two liquid discharge branch pipelines.

2. The coal tar washing and purifying device according to claim 1, wherein the oil-water separator (07) is further connected with a safety valve (08), a drain pipe orifice of the safety valve (08) is communicated with a pipe orifice of a device related to the top of the tar buffer tank (017) through a pipeline, and the pipeline is provided with a gradient, so that the drain liquid flows into the tar buffer tank (017) under the action of gravity.

3. The coal tar scrubbing and purifying device of claim 1, wherein the coalescer (210) comprises a feed nozzle (211), a coalescer head (212), a coalescing core (213), a distribution plate (216), a coalescer bowl (214), and a pair of coalescer flanges (215); one end of the coalescer head (212) is connected with the feeding pipe orifice (211), the other end of the coalescer head is connected with the coalescer cylinder (214) through a coalescer flange pair (215), the upper end of the coalescer cylinder (214) is communicated with the bottom of the sedimentation cylinder (110), the inlet of the coalescer core (213) is communicated with the distribution plate (216), the edge of the distribution plate (216) is seamlessly connected with the inner wall of the coalescer cylinder (214), and the feeding pipe orifice (211) is connected with the liquid outlet pipe orifice (101).

4. The method for purifying a coal tar washing and purifying apparatus according to claim 2, comprising the sequential control step of:

closing a backflushing valve b (05), a backflushing valve a (06), a heavy oil extraction valve (014), an oil inlet flow rate regulating valve (018) and a water inlet flow rate regulating valve (020), and simultaneously opening a feed valve a (03), a feed valve b (04), a light oil extraction valve (09) and a washing water extraction valve (012);

starting an oil inlet pump (02) and an oil inlet pump (019), and then adjusting the opening of an oil inlet flow regulating valve (018) and an water inlet flow regulating valve (020) to enable two raw material liquids to be mixed by an oil-water strong mixer (021) and then injected into an oil-water separator (07), then controlling the opening of a light oil outlet valve (09) by referring to the numerical change of a primary remote transmission interface meter, and controlling the opening of a washing water outlet valve (012) and a heavy oil outlet valve (014) by referring to the numerical change of a secondary remote transmission interface meter;

after the device is operated for a preset period of time, closing the feed valve a (03), opening the backflushing valve a (06) and starting backflushing timing, and after the backflushing timing reaches the preset period of time, closing the backflushing valve a (06) and opening the feed valve a (03); the sequence control step completes the back flushing of the a-series feeding unit, and the same sequence control step is used for the back flushing of the b-series feeding unit after the a-series back flushing is finished.

5. The method for purifying a coal tar washing and purifying apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the raw material in the recycled water buffer tank (01) is washing water with a pH of 5< 10 and a total hardness of <400ppm, the raw material in the tar buffer tank (017) is coal tar, and the pressure of the medium in the two buffer tanks is 0 to 1MPaG and the temperature is 2 to 120 ℃.

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