CN115028233A - Method for degrading microcystin in water - Google Patents
Method for degrading microcystin in water Download PDFInfo
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- CN115028233A CN115028233A CN202210958450.6A CN202210958450A CN115028233A CN 115028233 A CN115028233 A CN 115028233A CN 202210958450 A CN202210958450 A CN 202210958450A CN 115028233 A CN115028233 A CN 115028233A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- SRUWWOSWHXIIIA-UKPGNTDSSA-N Cyanoginosin Chemical compound N1C(=O)[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)NC(=O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)C(=C)N(C)C(=O)CC[C@H](C(O)=O)N(C)C(=O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H]1\C=C\C(\C)=C\[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 SRUWWOSWHXIIIA-UKPGNTDSSA-N 0.000 title claims description 11
- 108010067094 microcystin Proteins 0.000 title claims description 11
- 108010049746 Microcystins Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- DIDLWIPCWUSYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N microcystin-LR Natural products COC(Cc1ccccc1)C(C)C=C(/C)C=CC2NC(=O)C(NC(CCCNC(=N)N)C(=O)O)NC(=O)C(C)C(NC(=O)C(NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)O)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(=C)N(C)C(=O)CCC(NC(=O)C2C)C(=O)O)C(=O)O DIDLWIPCWUSYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 108010073357 cyanoginosin LR Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- ZYZCGGRZINLQBL-GWRQVWKTSA-N microcystin-LR Chemical compound C([C@H](OC)[C@@H](C)\C=C(/C)\C=C\[C@H]1[C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(=O)N(C)C(=C)C(=O)N[C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N1)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZYZCGGRZINLQBL-GWRQVWKTSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 27
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 27
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000006303 photolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015843 photosynthesis, light reaction Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 5
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000192710 Microcystis aeruginosa Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009303 advanced oxidation process reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010170 biological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 cyanobacterial toxin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
- Y02W10/37—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies using solar energy
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for degrading microcystins in water, which specifically comprises the step of irradiating a water sample to be treated by using a 222nm excimer ultraviolet lamp to degrade the microcystins in the water sample to be treated. The invention adopts 222nm quasi-molecule ultraviolet to photolyze the microcystins in water, has high degradation efficiency and higher photolysis rate; meanwhile, the excimer ultraviolet lamp has smaller size, so that the occupied area is saved; the excimer lamp belongs to a mercury-free light source, and cannot cause secondary pollution to the environment. The method adopted by the invention does not need the input of an oxidant, reduces the cost, does not need to additionally apply protective measures at the same time, avoids the risk of environmental pollution, can be upgraded and modified by the existing disinfection unit, has strong matching capability with the existing water treatment process, can disinfect water while degrading algal toxins, and is suitable for large-scale industrial application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of feedwater treatment, in particular to a method for degrading microcystin in water.
Background
In summer and autumn with proper temperature, a large amount of blue algae can grow in a fresh water body with rich nutrition, become a dominant population in the water body, and predate nutrients and oxygen, so that the survival and propagation of other aquatic organisms are threatened, and the phenomenon is called water bloom. The fresh water bloom is mainly caused by blue algae, and a secondary metabolite, namely cyanobacterial toxin, produced by the fresh water bloom can harm aquatic organisms and human health. Among them, microcystins are the most common and most toxic algal toxins. As a class of pollutants of great interest, water treatment control techniques of microcystins have also become a focus of research in the environmental field in recent years. At present, the traditional water treatment methods such as physical, chemical and biological methods have different limits on removing algal toxins in water, so that the development of a novel green and efficient water treatment technology to deal with the problems is a particularly key topic.
Ultraviolet light is generally considered to be an environment-friendly water treatment technology, and because ultraviolet light has the advantages of high sterilization efficiency, simple and convenient operation, high safety and the like, the ultraviolet light irradiation technology has a plurality of application tests in the field of water treatment and is already applied to the disinfection process of a water treatment plant. Ultraviolet light technology can also be divided into ultraviolet light catalysis and ultraviolet light degradation, and with the continuous development and popularization of ultraviolet light equipment and technology, the two branches are also paid more and more attention in recent years. The former has the problems of catalyst deactivation, high price and the like, and compared with the ultraviolet light degradation, the ultraviolet light degradation has better practical application space and development prospect. The mechanism of removing organic substances by ultraviolet light mainly comprises direct photolysis and free radical oxidation. As for the ultraviolet light source used in water treatment, Low Pressure UV (LPUV) lamps, which mainly emit 254nm monochromatic light, are mainly commercially used at present. However, the low-pressure ultraviolet lamp contains mercury, which causes secondary pollution to the environment, and meanwhile, the low-pressure ultraviolet lamp has a large size and needs to occupy a larger field; in order to increase the degradation effect, oxidants such as peracetic acid are often added for assistance, but the oxidants are dangerous, extra protective measures are needed in the process of storage and transportation, the process cost is increased, and the oxidants have the risk of deteriorating the growth of a biological membrane in a water supply pipe network and endangering the water supply safety.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing low-pressure ultraviolet lamp has poor degradation effect on microcystins and is easy to cause pollution, thereby providing a method for degrading microcystins in water.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for degrading microcystin in water, which uses a 222nm excimer ultraviolet lamp to irradiate a water sample to be treated and degrades the microcystin in the water sample to be treated.
Further, the dose of irradiation by the excimer ultraviolet lamp was 200 mJ/cm 2 ~500 mJ/cm 2 。
The average light intensity of the excimer ultraviolet lamp is more than or equal to 0.13 mW/cm 2 The temperature during irradiation is room temperature.
And adjusting the pH value of the water sample to be treated to 5-9 before irradiation, preferably adjusting by adopting sulfuric acid or sodium hydroxide.
Further, the microcystin is microcystin-LR.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention adopts 222nm quasi-molecule ultraviolet to photolyze the microcystins in water, the microcystins absorb ultraviolet energy and are broken, wherein along with the generation of free radicals, microcystins molecules are degraded through direct photolysis and indirect free radical attack by ultraviolet. The degradation efficiency is high, the processing mechanism is different from the principle that low-pressure ultraviolet mainly aims at DNA, and the effect of processing microcystin is obvious; on the other hand, the MC-LR has an absorption peak near 222nm, the absorption coefficient of the MC-LR is obviously higher than the wavelength of low-pressure ultraviolet, and the MC-LR has a higher photolysis rate when the MC-LR is irradiated by excimer ultraviolet at 222 nm.
(2) The invention can treat water samples to be treated with different pH values by a method for adjusting the pH value, and has wide application range.
(3) The invention adopts 222nm excimer ultraviolet, and the excimer ultraviolet lamp has smaller size, thus saving occupied area; the excimer lamp belongs to a mercury-free light source, and does not cause secondary pollution to the environment.
(4) The method does not need the input of an oxidant, reduces the cost, does not need to additionally apply protective measures, and avoids the risk of environmental pollution.
(5) The quasi-molecular ultraviolet technology adopted by the invention has a bright prospect in the field of municipal water disinfection in China, can be upgraded and modified through the existing disinfection unit, has strong matching capability with the existing water treatment process, and is suitable for large-scale industrial application.
(6) The excimer ultraviolet can also disinfect water while degrading algal toxins, so the technology of the invention has wide engineering application prospect.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of degrading microcystin-LR in test example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of degrading microcystin-LR in test example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples do not indicate specific experimental procedures or conditions, and can be performed according to the procedures or conditions of the conventional experimental procedures described in the literature in the field.
The 222nm excimer ultraviolet lamp is placed in a designed multi-adaptability integrated ultraviolet parallel static experimental device, namely, the lamp tube is placed in the stainless steel box body to be fixed, a plurality of steel plates with holes capable of being inserted are arranged under the ultraviolet parallel static experimental device, and the positions of the steel plates are conveniently changed to simulate different process running conditions. And opening the ventilation cooling system and closing the box door in the ultraviolet operation process, closing the pore plate to finish irradiation after the operation is finished, and detecting the petri coefficient of the lamp tube in the device to be more than 0.9 so as to ensure the concentration and scientificity of ultraviolet irradiation.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for degrading microcystin, wherein the concentration of microcystin-LR in a water sample to be treated is 100 mug/L, the pH value is 10, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
at room temperature, taking 20mL of water sample to be treated, adjusting the pH of the water sample to pH =7 by using sulfuric acid, turning on a 222nm excimer ultraviolet lamp to stabilize the water sample, pouring the water sample to be treated into a 20mL ultraviolet photochemical reactor, and setting the irradiation dose of 222nm excimer ultraviolet to be 500 mJ/cm 2 . Wherein the ultraviolet dose is the product of the average ultraviolet intensity and time. Therefore, the average ultraviolet light intensity was 0.132 mW/cm 2 And the set ultraviolet dose is 500 mJ/cm 2 The reaction time was calculated to be 71 min 4 s. After the reaction is finished, the content of the microcystin-LR in the treated water is determined to be below the detection limit (0.1 mu g/L), and the degradation rate of the microcystin-LR exceeds 99.9 percent.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for degrading microcystin, wherein the concentration of microcystin-LR in a water sample to be treated is 100 mug/L, the pH value is 4, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
at room temperature, taking 20mL of water sample to be treated, adjusting the pH of the water sample to be pH =6 by using sodium hydroxide, turning on a 222nm excimer ultraviolet lamp, pouring the water sample to be treated into a 20mL ultraviolet photochemical reactor, and setting the irradiation dose of 222nm excimer ultraviolet to be 300 mJ/cm 2 According to the measured average ultraviolet light intensity of 0.132 mW/cm 2 And a set UV dose of 300 mJ/cm 2 The reaction time was calculated to be 42 minutes and 38 seconds. After the reaction is finished, the content of microcystin-LR in the treated water is measured to be 1.8 mu g/L, and the degradation rate of the microcystin-LR exceeds 98 percent.
Test example 1
This test example compares the degradation rates of microcystins in water under irradiation of low-pressure ultraviolet rays, ultraviolet rays of an LED lamp, and excimer ultraviolet rays of 222nm, wherein the wavelength of the low-pressure ultraviolet rays alone is 254nm, and the wavelength of the ultraviolet rays of the LED lamp is 285 nm.
The specific method comprises the following steps:
(1) at room temperature, 100. mu.g/L MC-LR solution was prepared, stirred well, and the initial pH of the solution was adjusted to 7.
(2) After the excimer ultraviolet lamp with the wavelength of 222nm is turned on and stabilized, pouring the water sample to be treated into a 20mL ultraviolet photochemical reactor, wherein the dose of ultraviolet irradiation is 0 mJ/cm 2 ~ 500 mJ/cm 2 The reaction time was calculated from the amount of ultraviolet light, and 1 mL of water sample was added to the liquid chromatography sample bottle according to the set reaction time, and the experiment was performed using the low-pressure ultraviolet lamp and the LED lamp ultraviolet light in the same manner.
(3) And (3) determining the concentration of MC-LR in the water sample before and after treatment by adopting a liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry combined method.
The degradation effects of MC-LR in water by low-pressure ultraviolet rays, LED lamp ultraviolet rays and 222nm excimer ultraviolet rays are shown in Table 1, and the degradation effects of MC-LR in water along with the change of ultraviolet dose are shown in figure 1.
TABLE 1 degradation effect of MC-LR in water by different UV
| Ultraviolet dose (mJ/cm 2) | Low pressure UV light degradation (%) | LED Lamp ultraviolet degradation (%) | Excimer UV degradation (%) |
| 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 100 | 37 | 0 | 65 |
| 200 | 47 | 6.1 | 90 |
| 300 | 54 | 5.1 | 97 |
| 500 | 61 | 8.2 | 99.9 |
As can be seen from Table 1 and FIG. 1, the LED lamp has extremely poor ultraviolet degradation effect, the low-pressure ultraviolet light degradation has no strong degradation effect on MC-LR, and relatively, the 222nm excimer ultraviolet light remarkably improves the degradation effect at 500 mJ/cm 2 The removal rate of MC-LR can reach 99.9% under the ultraviolet dose. The test example proves that the single 222nm excimer ultraviolet used in the invention has significantly more excellent degradation effect on MC-LR compared with the conventional ultraviolet.
Test example 2
This test example compares the effect of ultraviolet irradiation with excimer light of 222nm alone and the effect of ultraviolet-activated peroxyacetic acid method with 222nm alone on the degradation of microcystin in water.
The specific method comprises the following steps:
the test was carried out according to the test procedure of test example 1, wherein the concentration of MC-LR in the water sample to be treated was 100. mu.g/L, the concentration of peroxyacetic acid added was 10 mg/L, and the dose of ultraviolet irradiation was 0 mJ/cm 2 ~ 500 mJ/cm 2 The test was carried out under the condition of adjusting the initial pH of the water sample to 7. The effect of the addition of peroxyacetic acid on the degradation of MC-LR in water is shown in Table 2, and the degradation effect is shown in FIG. 2 according to the variation of the UV dose, whereinUV alone stands for excimer ultraviolet and UV/PAA stands for excimer ultraviolet activated peroxyacetic acid.
TABLE 2 Effect of Peroxyacetic acid addition on MC-LR degradation in Water
| Irradiation dose (mJ/cm 2) | UV degradation Rate (%) of 222nm excimer alone | 222nm excimer UV/peracetic acid degradation (%) |
| 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 100 | 65 | 76 |
| 200 | 90 | 92 |
| 300 | 97 | 97 |
| 500 | 99.9 | 99.9 |
As can be seen from the above table and FIG. 2, the experimental results show that 222nm excimer violetThe outside line is degraded alone, and the radiation measurement is 200 mJ/cm 2 The removal rate can reach more than 90 percent, and the enhancement process effect of the 222nm ultraviolet combined with other oxidants is not greatly improved. This test example demonstrates that the effect of direct photolysis using a 222nm excimer uv lamp provided by the present invention is comparable to the effect of uv-based advanced oxidation processes.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for degrading microcystins in water is characterized in that a 222nm excimer ultraviolet lamp is used for irradiating a water sample to be treated to degrade the microcystins in the water sample to be treated.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the excimer ultraviolet lamp irradiates at a dose of 200 mJ/cm 2 ~500 mJ/cm 2 。
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the excimer ultraviolet lamp has an average intensity of 0.13 mW/cm or more 2 。
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the pH of the water sample to be treated is adjusted to 5 to 9 before irradiation.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the microcystin is microcystin-LR.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1648057A (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2005-08-03 | 南京大学 | Method for degradating microcystein -LR in water using radiation |
| CN102010026A (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2011-04-13 | 复旦大学 | Method for simultaneously removing microcystin and nitrites from water body by using ultraviolet light |
| CN105366760A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2016-03-02 | 上海大学 | Method for treating algae-containing polluted water in immersive ultraviolet light contact mode |
| US20180127293A1 (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-05-10 | Purdue Research Foundation | Chlorination-uv process for decomposition and detoxification of microcystin-lr |
-
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- 2022-08-11 CN CN202210958450.6A patent/CN115028233B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1648057A (en) * | 2005-01-07 | 2005-08-03 | 南京大学 | Method for degradating microcystein -LR in water using radiation |
| CN102010026A (en) * | 2010-11-16 | 2011-04-13 | 复旦大学 | Method for simultaneously removing microcystin and nitrites from water body by using ultraviolet light |
| CN105366760A (en) * | 2015-04-14 | 2016-03-02 | 上海大学 | Method for treating algae-containing polluted water in immersive ultraviolet light contact mode |
| US20180127293A1 (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2018-05-10 | Purdue Research Foundation | Chlorination-uv process for decomposition and detoxification of microcystin-lr |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| MOHAMMAD REZA ESKANDARIAN ET.AL: "Effect of UV-LED wavelengths on direct photolytic and TiO2 photocatalytic degradation of emerging contaminants in water", 《CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL》 * |
| MOOLLAN RW ET.AL: "SOME COMMENTS ON THE DETERMINATION OF MICROCYSTIN TOXINS IN WATERS BY HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY", 《THE ANALYST》 * |
| YOSHIHIRO MIZUKAMI: "Photochemical Reactions of Microcystin-LR Following Irradiation with UV Light", 《OPEN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY》 * |
| 李伟英等: "紫外光对微囊藻毒素-LR的去除效果研究", 《中国给水排水》 * |
| 陈伟等: "微囊藻毒素在单波长紫外光照射下的光降解动态研究", 《化学学报》 * |
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