CN115023647A

CN115023647A - Liquid crystal display panel, preparation method thereof and display device

Info

Publication number: CN115023647A
Application number: CN202180008730.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王菲菲; 占红明; 邵喜斌; 季林涛; 李博文
Original assignee: BOE Technology Group Co Ltd; Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: BOE Technology Group Co Ltd; Beijing BOE Display Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-04-09
Filing date: 2021-01-05
Publication date: 2022-09-06
Anticipated expiration: 2041-01-05
Also published as: CN115023647B; CN113514984A

Abstract

A liquid crystal display panel, a preparation method thereof and a display device relate to the technical field of display. The liquid crystal display panel includes: the liquid crystal display device comprises a first substrate base plate, a second substrate base plate, a liquid crystal layer and an optical compensation layer which are oppositely arranged. The liquid crystal layer comprises a first alignment film, a second alignment film and a second liquid crystal molecular layer; the first alignment film is configured to enable a part of the second liquid crystal molecules close to the first alignment film to generate a first pretilt angle; the second alignment film is configured to enable a part of the second liquid crystal molecules close to the second alignment film to generate a second pretilt angle; the first pretilt is in a direction opposite to the second pretilt. The optical compensation layer comprises a third alignment film and a first liquid crystal molecular layer; the third alignment film is configured to enable the first liquid crystal molecules close to the third alignment film to generate a third pretilt angle; the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film is parallel or vertical to the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film.

Description

Liquid crystal display panel, preparation method thereof and display device

Priority of chinese patent application No. 202020053145.9, filed on 10/01/2020 and chinese patent application No. 202010276034.9, filed on 09/04/2020, are claimed in the present application, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

Technical Field

The disclosure relates to the technical field of display, and in particular relates to a liquid crystal display panel, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device.

Background

Liquid Crystal displays (LCDs for short) have the characteristics of small size, low power consumption, no radiation and the like, and occupy a leading position in the current Display market. The liquid crystal display panel mainly includes a Color Filter (CF) substrate, an Array substrate, and a liquid crystal layer disposed between the Color Filter substrate and the Array substrate.

Disclosure of Invention

In one aspect, a liquid crystal display panel is provided. The liquid crystal display panel includes: the liquid crystal display device comprises a first substrate base plate, a second substrate base plate, a liquid crystal layer and an optical compensation layer which are oppositely arranged. The liquid crystal layer is arranged between the first substrate base plate and the second substrate base plate; the liquid crystal layer comprises a first alignment film and a second alignment film which are oppositely arranged, and a second liquid crystal molecular layer positioned between the first alignment film and the second alignment film; the first alignment film is configured to anchor a part of second liquid crystal molecules close to the first alignment film in the second liquid crystal molecule layer, so that a first pretilt angle is generated on the part of the second liquid crystal molecules close to the first alignment film; the second alignment film is configured to anchor a part of the second liquid crystal molecules close to the second alignment film in the second liquid crystal molecule layer, so that a second pretilt angle is generated on the part of the second liquid crystal molecules close to the second alignment film; the first pretilt is in a direction opposite to the second pretilt. The optical compensation layer is arranged on one side, away from the second liquid crystal molecular layer, of the first alignment film or the second alignment film; the optical compensation layer comprises a third alignment film and a first liquid crystal molecular layer; the third alignment film is configured to anchor the first liquid crystal molecules close to the third alignment film in the first liquid crystal molecular layer, so that the first liquid crystal molecules close to the third alignment film generate a third pretilt angle; the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film is parallel to or perpendicular to the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film.

In some embodiments, in the case where the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film is parallel to the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film; the direction of the third pretilt is the same as the direction of the first pretilt or the direction of the second pretilt.

In some embodiments, in a case where a direction of an orthogonal projection of a long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule on a plane of the third alignment film is parallel to a direction of an orthogonal projection of a long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule on a plane of the third alignment film, a sum of an in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer and an in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer is equal to a positive integer multiple of the first wavelength; the first wavelength is in the range of 535nm + -50 nm.

In some embodiments, the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer ranges from 185nm ± 25 nm; the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer is within a range of 350nm + -25 nm.

In some embodiments, in a case where a direction of an orthogonal projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film is parallel to a direction of an orthogonal projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film, the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer ranges from 160nm to 240nm, and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer ranges from 350nm ± 25 nm.

In some embodiments, in a case where a direction of an orthogonal projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule on a plane of the third alignment film is perpendicular to a direction of an orthogonal projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule on a plane of the third alignment film, an in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer is equal to an in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer.

In some embodiments, the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer ranges from 580nm to 620 nm.

In some embodiments, the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer is any one of 580nm, 590nm, 600nm, 610nm, or 620 nm.

In some embodiments, the third alignment film is disposed on a side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer.

Alternatively, in some embodiments, the third alignment film is disposed on a side of the first substrate away from the liquid crystal layer.

Alternatively, in some embodiments, the third alignment film is disposed on a side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer.

Alternatively, in some embodiments, the third alignment film is disposed on a side of the second substrate away from the liquid crystal layer.

In some embodiments, the optical compensation layer further comprises a third substrate base plate, and the third substrate base plate and the third alignment film are located on the same side or on opposite sides of the first liquid crystal molecular layer.

In some embodiments, the third alignment film and the second alignment film are disposed on opposite sides of the third base substrate.

In some embodiments, the optical compensation layer further comprises a fourth alignment film disposed on a side of the third substrate away from the liquid crystal layer or on a side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; the fourth alignment film is configured to anchor a part of the first liquid crystal molecules close to the fourth alignment film in the first liquid crystal molecule layer, so that a fourth pretilt angle is generated on the part of the first liquid crystal molecules close to the fourth alignment film; the direction of the fourth pretilt is opposite to or the same as the direction of the third pretilt.

In some embodiments, the fourth alignment film and the second alignment film are disposed on opposite sides of the third base substrate.

In some embodiments, the third alignment film is disposed on a side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer, a flat layer is further disposed on a side of the first liquid crystal molecule layer close to the liquid crystal layer, and the second alignment film is disposed on a side of the flat layer close to the liquid crystal layer.

In some embodiments, the alignment direction of the first alignment film is the same as the alignment direction of the second alignment film.

In some embodiments, the optical compensation film layer is a + a compensation film layer.

In some embodiments, the first, second and third pretilt angles are equal in magnitude.

In some embodiments, the first, second and third pretilt angles range in magnitude from 2 ° ± 2 °.

In some embodiments, the first, second and third pretilt angles range from 2 ° ± 1 °.

In some embodiments, a functional film layer is further disposed on the first substrate base plate; the functional film layer and the optical compensation layer are arranged on two opposite sides of the liquid crystal layer; or the functional film layer and the liquid crystal layer are arranged on two opposite sides of the optical compensation layer.

In some embodiments, the second liquid crystal molecules are negative liquid crystal molecules.

In another aspect, a display device is provided. The display device includes: a display panel as claimed in any one of the above embodiments.

In another aspect, a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel is provided, including: a first alignment film is formed on one side of a first base substrate.

A third alignment film is formed on one side of the second base substrate.

And forming a first liquid crystal molecular layer on the third alignment film and curing to enable first liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal molecular layer to have a third pretilt angle.

A second alignment film is formed on the first liquid crystal molecular layer.

Aligning the first substrate base plate on which the first alignment film is formed and the second substrate base plate on which the second alignment film is formed to a cell, and forming a second liquid crystal molecular layer between the first alignment film and the second alignment film; wherein a part of second liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal molecule layer, which are close to the first alignment film, have a first pretilt angle, a part of second liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal molecule layer, which are close to the second alignment film, have a second pretilt angle, and the direction of the first pretilt angle is opposite to the direction of the second pretilt angle; and the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film is parallel or vertical to the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film.

In some embodiments, before forming the second alignment film on the first liquid crystal molecular layer, the method of preparing further comprises: a planarization layer is formed on the first liquid crystal molecular layer.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in some embodiments of the present disclosure will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only drawings of some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings. Furthermore, the drawings in the following description may be regarded as schematic diagrams, and do not limit the actual size of products, the actual flow of methods, the actual timing of signals, and the like, involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Fig. 1A is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 1B to fig. 1I are schematic structural diagrams of another liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 1J is a schematic diagram of a first direction and a third direction provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2A is a perspective view of a distribution state of first liquid crystal molecules and second liquid crystal molecules according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 2B is a structural diagram of a first alignment film, a second alignment film and a third alignment film according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 2C is a structural diagram of another third alignment film provided in the embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 2D is a cross-sectional view of a first alignment film according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 2E is a cross-sectional view of a second alignment film according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 2F is a cross-sectional view of a third alignment film according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of a related art LCD panel;

FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating the polarization states of a light ray passing through layers of a liquid crystal display panel according to the related art in a Pongall diagram;

FIG. 4A is a position diagram of a Poincar diagram showing the polarization states of light passing through layers of an LCD panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating the position of the polarization state of another light ray passing through the layers of the LCD panel in the Poincall diagram according to the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram comparing a polarization angle-luminance curve of a liquid crystal display panel provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure with a schematic diagram of a polarization angle-luminance curve of a liquid crystal display panel in the related art;

fig. 6A to 6G are schematic structural diagrams of another liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another lcd panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 8A to 8B are schematic structural diagrams of another liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 9A to 9B are schematic structural diagrams of another liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the disclosure;

fig. 10 is a schematic flow chart illustrating a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Detailed Description

Technical solutions in some embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments provided by the present disclosure belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the term "comprise" and its other forms, such as the third person's singular form "comprising" and the present participle form "comprising" are to be interpreted in an open, inclusive sense, i.e. as "including, but not limited to". In the description of the specification, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" and the like are intended to indicate that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. The schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be included in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

In the following, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the embodiments of the present disclosure, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In describing some embodiments, expressions of "coupled" and "connected," along with their derivatives, may be used. For example, the term "connected" may be used in describing some embodiments to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact with each other. As another example, some embodiments may be described using the term "coupled" to indicate that two or more elements are in direct physical or electrical contact. However, the terms "coupled" or "communicatively coupled" may also mean that two or more elements are not in direct contact with each other, but yet still co-operate or interact with each other. The embodiments disclosed herein are not necessarily limited to the contents herein.

"at least one of A, B and C" has the same meaning as "A, B or at least one of C," each including the following combination of A, B and C: a alone, B alone, C alone, a combination of a and B, a combination of a and C, a combination of B and C, and a combination of A, B and C.

"A and/or B" includes the following three combinations: a alone, B alone, and a combination of A and B.

As used herein, the term "if" is optionally to be interpreted to mean "when … …" or "at … …" or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if determined … …" or "if [ stated condition or event ] is detected" is optionally to be construed to mean "upon determination … …" or "in response to determination … …" or "upon detection of [ stated condition or event ] or" in response to detection of [ stated condition or event ] ", depending on the context.

The use of "adapted to" or "configured to" herein is meant to be an open and inclusive language that does not exclude devices adapted to or configured to perform additional tasks or steps.

Additionally, the use of "based on" is meant to be open and inclusive in that a process, step, calculation, or other action that is "based on" one or more stated conditions or values may, in practice, be based on additional conditions or exceed the stated values.

As used herein, "the same," "opposite," "equal," "parallel," "perpendicular," and the like include the recited values and average values within an acceptable deviation range for the particular value, as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art in view of the measurement in question and the error associated with the measurement of the particular quantity (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system), e.g., "the same" includes absolute the same and approximately the same, with approximately the same range being within the acceptable deviation range.

Example embodiments are described herein with reference to cross-sectional and/or plan views as idealized example figures. In the drawings, the thickness of layers and regions are exaggerated for clarity. Variations from the shapes of the illustrations as a result, for example, of manufacturing techniques and/or tolerances, are to be expected. Thus, the exemplary embodiments should not be construed as limited to the shapes of regions illustrated herein but are to include deviations in shapes that result, for example, from manufacturing. For example, an etched region shown as a rectangle will typically have curved features. Thus, the regions illustrated in the figures are schematic in nature and their shapes are not intended to illustrate the actual shape of a region of a device and are not intended to limit the scope of the exemplary embodiments.

The present disclosure provides a display device, for example, a display device using an ADS (Advanced Super Dimension Switch) mode.

The display device, for example, may be any device that displays an image, whether in motion (e.g., video) or stationary (e.g., still image), and whether textual or pictorial. The display Device may be any of a variety of display devices including, but not limited to, a mobile phone, a wireless Device, a personal data assistant (PAD), a handheld or Portable computer, a GPS (Global Positioning System) receiver/navigator, a camera, an MP4 (MPEG-4 Part 14) video player, a video camera, a game console, a flat panel display, a computer monitor, a car display (e.g., a car recorder or a back up image of a car, etc.), and the like.

The display device comprises a liquid crystal display panel and a backlight module, wherein the backlight module is used for providing a light source for displaying for the liquid crystal display panel.

Referring to fig. 1A to 1I, the present disclosure provides a liquid crystal display panel 1 including: a first substrate base plate 11 and a second substrate base plate 12 which are disposed oppositely. The materials of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 are, for example, the same, and for example, both are glass, but may also be different, which is not limited in the present disclosure.

And a liquid crystal layer 14 disposed between the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12. The liquid crystal layer 14 includes a first alignment film 141 and a second alignment film 142 that are oppositely disposed, and a second liquid crystal molecule layer 140 between the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142. The first alignment film 141 is configured to anchor a portion of the second liquid crystal molecules 140 'close to the first alignment film 141 in the second liquid crystal molecule layer 140, so that the portion of the second liquid crystal molecules 140' close to the first alignment film 141 generates a first pretilt angle α; the second alignment film 142 is configured to anchor a portion of the second liquid crystal molecules 140 'close to the second liquid crystal molecule layer 140, so that the portion of the second liquid crystal molecules 140' close to the second alignment film 142 generate a second pretilt angle β, wherein the first pretilt angle α is opposite to the second pretilt angle β.

Referring to fig. 1A to 1G, for example, a portion of the second liquid crystal molecules 140 'close to the first alignment film 141 is a layer of the second liquid crystal molecules 140' closest to the first alignment film 141; the portion of the second liquid crystal molecules 140 'adjacent to the second alignment film 142 is the layer of the second liquid crystal molecules 140' closest to the second alignment film 142.

As a schematic, only one layer of the second liquid crystal molecules 140 'closest to the first alignment film 141 and one layer of the second liquid crystal molecules 140' closest to the second alignment film 142 are drawn in fig. 1A to 1G.

The optical compensation layer 15 is disposed on one side of the first alignment film 141 or the second alignment film 142 away from the second liquid crystal molecule layer 140; the optical compensation layer 15 includes a third alignment film 151 and a first liquid crystal molecular layer 150. The third alignment film 151 is configured to anchor the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'close to the third alignment film 151 in the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150, so that the first liquid crystal molecules 150' close to the third alignment film 151 generate a third pretilt angle γ. The direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 is parallel or perpendicular to the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140' on the plane of the third alignment film 151.

Referring to fig. 1A to 1G, the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'close to the third alignment film 151 are exemplified as the layer of the first liquid crystal molecules 150' closest to the third alignment film 151.

As a schematic, only one layer of the first liquid crystal molecules 150' closest to the third alignment film 151 among the first liquid crystal molecule layers 150 is drawn in fig. 1A to 1I.

The state of the liquid crystal display panel 1 shown in fig. 1A to 1I is a state when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display panel 1.

The liquid crystal molecules are classified into rod-shaped (rod-type) liquid crystal molecules in which the long axis direction is the optical axis direction and discotic (discotic) liquid crystal molecules in which the short axis direction is the optical axis direction, according to their shapes. In some embodiments, the first liquid crystal molecules 150' in the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150 are rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules. In some embodiments, the second liquid crystal molecules 140' in the second liquid crystal molecule layer 140 are rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules.

In some embodiments, the second liquid crystal molecules 140' may be positive liquid crystal molecules or negative liquid crystal molecules. In the state of L255, the second liquid crystal molecules 140' using negative liquid crystal molecules can increase the transmittance of the display panel, so the liquid crystal display panel 1 using negative liquid crystal molecules has a high contrast ratio and a good display effect.

The alignment film can enable at least part of liquid crystal molecules to be in a pre-tilt state, and an included angle is formed between the long axis of at least part of liquid crystal molecules and the plane where the alignment film is located. In some embodiments of the disclosure, the pre-tilt angle refers to an acute angle between a long axis of the rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules and an alignment direction of the alignment film, and a straight line where the long axis of the rod-shaped liquid crystal molecules with the pre-tilt angle is located intersects a plane where the alignment film is located.

The pre-tilt angle of the second liquid crystal molecules 140 'is an acute angle between the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecules 140' and the alignment direction of the first alignment film 141 (or the alignment direction of the second alignment film 142) when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is not powered on or the voltage between the pixel electrode and the common electrode is 0.

The pretilt angle of the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'is an acute angle between the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecules 150' and the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is not powered on or the voltage between the pixel electrode and the common electrode is 0.

For example, referring to fig. 1A to 1I, the alignment direction of the first alignment film 141 is the same as the alignment direction of the second alignment film 142; for example, the alignment direction of the first alignment film 141 and the alignment direction of the second alignment film 142 are along a first direction, for example, the X-axis (in a three-dimensional coordinate system), which is schematically along the left and right directions of the paper surface in fig. 1A to 1I.

For example, referring to fig. 1A to 1G, the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142, for example, the alignment directions of the first alignment film 141, the second alignment film 142, and the third alignment film 151 are all along the first direction.

As another example, referring to fig. 1H and 1I, the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142, for example, the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142 are along a first direction, the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is along a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction, for example, a Y-axis (in a three-dimensional coordinate system) direction, and in fig. 1H and 1I, schematically, the direction is perpendicular to the inner and outer paper surfaces of the paper surface.

In the case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142, the first and second liquid crystal molecules 150 'and 140' are parallel to each other regardless of the tilt angle. Considering the tilt angles, the second liquid crystal molecules 140 ' anchored by the first alignment film 141 generate a first pretilt angle α, the second liquid crystal molecules 140 ' anchored by the second alignment film 142 generate a second pretilt angle β, and the first liquid crystal molecules 150 ' anchored by the third alignment film 151 generate a third pretilt angle γ. The first pretilt angle α is an acute angle between a straight line of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140 ' anchored by the first alignment film 141 and the first direction, the second pretilt angle β is an acute angle between a straight line of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140 ' anchored by the second alignment film 142 and the first direction, and the third pretilt angle γ is an acute angle between a long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 ' anchored by the third alignment film 151 and the second direction. The orthogonal projection of the straight line of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 is parallel to the orthogonal projection of the straight line of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140' on the plane of the third alignment film 151.

In the case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142, for example, referring to fig. 2A, regardless of the tilt angle, the first and second liquid crystal molecules 150 'and 140' are perpendicular to each other, and the second liquid crystal molecules 140 'anchored by the first alignment film 141 and the second liquid crystal molecules 140' anchored by the second alignment film 142 are parallel to each other. Considering the tilt angles, the second liquid crystal molecules 140 ' anchored by the first alignment film 141 generate a first pretilt angle α, the second liquid crystal molecules 140 ' anchored by the second alignment film 142 generate a second pretilt angle β, and the first liquid crystal molecules 150 ' anchored by the third alignment film 151 generate a third pretilt angle γ. The first pretilt angle α is an acute angle between a straight line of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140 ' anchored by the first alignment film 141 and the first direction, the second pretilt angle β is an acute angle between a straight line of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140 ' anchored by the second alignment film 142 and the first direction, and the third pretilt angle γ is an acute angle between a long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 ' anchored by the third alignment film 151 and the second direction. The orthogonal projection of the straight line of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the orthogonal projection of the straight line of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140' on the plane of the third alignment film 151.

The alignment film is made of a polymer material, such as Polyimide (PI). The alignment directions of the alignment films (including the first alignment film 141, the second alignment film 142, and the third alignment film 151) include a first direction and a second direction, and the pretilt angle is determined based on the alignment direction of the alignment films, and an included angle may be formed between the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules (including the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'and the second liquid crystal molecule 140') and the alignment direction of the alignment films by further performing the manufacturing process of the alignment films.

For example, referring to fig. 2B, when the alignment directions of the first, second, and

third alignment films

141, 142, and 151 are along the first direction, the acute included angle between the long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecule 140' and the first direction is the first pretilt angle α or the second pretilt angle β; an acute included angle between the long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecules 150' and the first direction is a third pretilt angle γ.

For another example, referring to fig. 2C, when the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the second direction, an acute included angle between the long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecules 150' and the second direction is a third pretilt angle γ.

The first alignment film 141, the second alignment film 142, and the third alignment film 151 may be formed, for example, by a Rubbing alignment process. The rubbing directions of the first, second, and

third alignment films

141, 142, and 151 include information of the alignment directions and the pretilt angles of the first, second, and

third alignment films

141, 142, and 151, i.e., the rubbing directions determine the magnitudes and directions of the alignment directions and the pretilt angles at the same time.

For example, referring to fig. 2D and 2E, during the Rubbing alignment process, an angle formed on the upper surface (i.e., the surface close to the second liquid crystal molecules 140 ') of the alignment film (e.g., the first alignment film 141) is inclined upward (i.e., inclined toward the second liquid crystal molecules 140 ') relative to the lower surface (i.e., the surface far away from the second liquid crystal molecules 140 '). For example, referring to fig. 2D and 2E, when rubbing from left to right, a slope of up-right or down-right is formed from left to right along the alignment direction of the alignment films (including the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142). Although the directions of the first pretilt α and the second pretilt β are different, the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142 may be actually manufactured through the same process. In the manufacturing process, the state of the first alignment film 141 is as shown in fig. 2D, but in the using process, as shown in fig. 1A, since the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142 are oppositely disposed, the directions of the first pretilt angle α and the second pretilt angle β are different, and the alignment direction of the first alignment film 141 and the rubbing direction of the second alignment film 142 are actually the same in the manufacturing process. In the case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142, rubbing may be selected from either left-to-right rubbing or right-to-left rubbing; when rubbing from left to right is selected, an included angle is formed from left to right and up or down along the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151; when rubbing from right to left is selected, an angle from right to left is inclined upward (as shown in FIG. 2F) or inclined downward to left along the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151. Based on this, under the action of the third alignment film 151, the first liquid crystal molecules 150' close to the third alignment film 151 generate the third pretilt angle γ. Therefore, the rubbing directions of the first, second, and

third alignment films

141, 142, and 151 may determine the alignment directions of the first, second, and

third alignment films

141, 142, and 151, respectively, and the pretilt angle direction of the liquid crystal molecules.

It is noted that each alignment direction mentioned in the present disclosure may comprise 2 rubbing directions. For example, the alignment direction is the first direction, and may include rubbing from one end to the other end along the first direction (as shown in fig. 2D), or may include rubbing along a path opposite to the "from one end to the other end" (as shown in fig. 2F).

Based on the above, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the rubbing direction may determine the direction of the pretilt angle, and when the alignment directions of the alignment films are the same, if the rubbing directions are different, the pretilt angle may be caused to be different. For example, when the alignment directions of the alignment films are both in the first direction, the directions of pretilt angles generated when rubbing from left to right and rubbing from right to left are opposite.

Based on the above, in some embodiments, referring to fig. 1A to 1I, the direction of the first pretilt angle α is opposite to the direction of the second pretilt angle β.

The direction of the first pretilt α is opposite to the direction of the second pretilt β, which means that the direction of the first pretilt α and the direction of the second pretilt β are opposite with respect to the same substrate board, for example, with respect to the first substrate board 11.

Referring to fig. 1J in conjunction with the examples of fig. 1A and 1B for the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β, and the third pretilt angle γ, if a planar orthogonal coordinate system X 'O' Z 'is established at any point O' on a straight line, wherein the straight line is located in the established coordinate system X ' O ' Z ', and the O ' -Z ' direction is the thickness direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1, when dividing 4 quadrants (X ' >0, Z ' >0 in the first quadrant, X ' <0, Z ' >0 in the second quadrant, X ' <0, Z ' <0 in the third quadrant, X ' >0, Z ' <0 in the fourth quadrant) in the rectangular coordinate system X ' O ' Z ', when two straight lines pass through the first quadrant and the third quadrant, the directions of the two straight lines can be understood as being the same, and the directions of the two pretilt angles determined by the two straight lines are the same; if two straight lines pass through the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant, the directions of the two straight lines can also be understood as the same, and thus the directions of the two pretilt angles determined by the two straight lines are also the same; if a first line passes through the first quadrant and the third quadrant and another line passes through the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant, the directions of the two lines may be understood to be opposite, and thus, the directions of the two pretilt angles defined by the two lines may be opposite.

Based on the above, referring to fig. 1A, the second liquid crystal molecules 140' anchored by the first alignment film 141 have their long axes in a straight line passing through the first and third quadrants defined above; the second liquid crystal molecules 140', anchored by the second alignment film 142, have their long axes aligned to pass through the second and fourth quadrants defined above, and thus, the first pretilt α and the second pretilt β are opposite in direction.

When the directions of the first pretilt angle α and the second pretilt angle β are opposite, the structures and the manufacturing processes of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142 may be completely the same, so that the manufacturing difficulty of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142 may be reduced.

In some embodiments, the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 is parallel to the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis 140' of the second liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film 151.

The orthogonal projection direction of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 is parallel to the orthogonal projection direction of the long axis 140' of the second liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film 151, which means that the straight line of the orthogonal projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 is parallel to or coincident with the straight line of the orthogonal projection of the long axis 140' of the second liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film 151. At this time, the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the first direction, and the optical compensation layer 15 is used to perform forward compensation on the liquid crystal layer 14.

Referring to fig. 1A to 1G, the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 and the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140' on the plane of the third alignment film 151 are parallel.

Based on the above, when the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142, the direction of the third pretilt angle γ is the same as the direction of the first pretilt angle α or the direction of the second pretilt angle β, which means that the direction of the third pretilt angle γ is the same as the direction of the first pretilt angle α or the direction of the second pretilt angle β with respect to the same substrate, for example, with respect to the first substrate 11.

Similarly, referring to fig. 1J in conjunction with the examples of fig. 1A and 1B for the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β, and the third pretilt angle γ, if a planar rectangular coordinate system X 'O' Z 'is established at any point O' on a straight line, wherein the straight line is located in the established coordinate system X ' O ' Z ', and the O ' -Z ' direction is the thickness direction of the liquid crystal display panel 1, in the rectangular coordinate system X ' O ' Z ', 4 quadrants are divided and 4 quadrants (X ' >0, Z ' >0 in the first quadrant; X ' <0, Z ' >0 in the second quadrant; X ' <0, Z ' <0 in the third quadrant; X ' >0, Z ' <0 in the fourth quadrant), when both straight lines pass through the first and third quadrants, the directions of the two straight lines are understood to be the same, and the directions of the two pretilt angles determined by the two straight lines are the same; if two straight lines pass through the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant, the directions of the two straight lines can also be understood as the same, and thus the directions of the two pretilt angles determined by the two straight lines are also the same; if a first line passes through the first quadrant and the third quadrant and another line passes through the second quadrant and the fourth quadrant, the directions of the two lines may be understood to be opposite, and thus, the directions of the two pretilt angles defined by the two lines may be opposite.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1A, when the direction of the third pretilt angle γ is the same as the direction of the second pretilt angle β, the structure and the fabrication process of the third alignment film 151 are identical to those of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1B, when the third pretilt γ is in the same direction as the first pretilt α, the rubbing direction of the third alignment film 151 is opposite to the rubbing direction of the first alignment film 141 based on the alignment direction being the first direction, for example, the rubbing direction of the third alignment film 151 is from right to left, the rubbing direction of the first alignment film 141 is from left to right, and the rubbing directions are similar and the same, which is also convenient for manufacturing.

In other embodiments, the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis 140' of the second liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film 151.

The orthogonal projection direction of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the orthogonal projection direction of the long axis 140' of the second liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film 151, which means that the orthogonal projection line of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the orthogonal projection line of the long axis 140' of the second liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film 151. At this time, the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the second direction, and the optical compensation layer 15 is used to perform reverse compensation on the liquid crystal layer 14.

Referring to fig. 1H and 1I, the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'is along the second direction in the direction of the orthographic projection of the plane of the third alignment film 151, and the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140' is along the first direction in the direction of the orthographic projection of the plane of the third alignment film 151, and thus is vertical.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that when the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'and the second liquid crystal molecules 140' are perpendicular to each other in the direction of the orthogonal projection of the plane of the third alignment film 151, the orthogonal projection of the straight line of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 and the orthogonal projection of the straight line of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules 140' on the plane of the third alignment film 151 are also perpendicular to each other.

The relationship between the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 and the alignment directions of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142 determines the compensation effect of the optical compensation layer 15, and how to realize the normal compensation and the reverse compensation for the optical compensation layer 15 will be specifically described below on the basis of the comparison with the related art.

In the related art (refer to fig. 3A), the liquid crystal display panel 1 has a light leakage problem in the L0 state, and the L0 state refers to a state when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is in a dark state when no voltage is applied, and the backlight module normally provides light. When the liquid crystal display panel 1 is in the L0 state, when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is subjected to a pressure (such as a pressure generated during pressing), the liquid crystal display panel 1 may deform, wherein the first substrate 11 in the array substrate and the second substrate 12 in the color filter substrate deform due to the pressure to generate a non-uniform stress, and the non-uniform stress may change a polarization state of light in the liquid crystal display panel 1, but the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 change the polarization state of light in the same size and in opposite directions, so that mutual cancellation may be achieved. For example, referring to the poincare diagram shown in fig. 3B for the structure of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in fig. 3A, along the emitting direction of the light ray, after the light ray emitted from the backlight module passes through the first polarizer 18, the polarization state of the light ray is located at a point O, and at this time, the light ray is a linearly polarized light ray; after passing through the first substrate 11, the light is affected by the non-uniform stress, and the polarization state is located at the point O ₁ Here, the light is elliptically polarized light; after passing through the liquid crystal layer 14, the light is modulated by the liquid crystal molecules, and the polarization state is at the point O ₂ Here, the light is elliptically polarized light; after passing through the second substrate 12, the light is affected by the non-uniform stress, and the polarization state is located at the point O ₃ Point O, where the light is elliptically polarized ₃ There is a distance between the point O, that is, the light incident to the second polarizing plate 19 is elliptically polarized light and not linearly polarized light, thus causing a part of elliptically polarized light to exit from the second polarizing plate 19, causing a problem of light leakage of the liquid crystal display panel 1.

Besides, the related artThe liquid crystal display panel 1 in (1) also has a problem of polarization. Since the liquid crystal molecules are birefringent materials, when light enters the tilted liquid crystal molecules, a birefringence (two light components of a long axis and a short axis) phenomenon is generated, so that differences exist in Δ n when observed at different positions, and further differences exist in the transmittance of light in different wave bands. Here, Δ n is the refractive index n of the extraordinary ray ₀ Refractive index n of ordinary ray _e The ordinary rays are rays that obey the law of refraction, and the extraordinary rays are rays that do not obey the law of refraction. For positive liquid crystal molecules, the refractive index n of ordinary rays is no matter what direction the ray propagates ₀ All corresponding to the short axis of the liquid crystal molecules, and thus the refractive index n of the ordinary ray ₀ Is constant; refractive index n of extraordinary ray _e The direction of the light varies with the direction of travel of the light, corresponding to the long axis direction of the liquid crystal molecules. Referring to fig. 3A, when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed on the left side of the liquid crystal display panel 1, the observed light rays exit in the direction of arrow L, and when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed on the right side of the liquid crystal display panel 1, the observed light rays exit in the direction of arrow R; when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed on the front side of the liquid crystal display panel 1, the observed light exits in the direction of arrow F. When the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed from different positions, the effective paths of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 14 through which the light passes may be different. Illustratively, the effective path of light through the liquid crystal molecules when viewed from the left is S ₁ (ii) a The effective path of light through the liquid crystal molecules is S when viewed from the front side ₂ (ii) a The effective path of light through the liquid crystal molecules is S when viewed from the right ₃ (ii) a Wherein S is ₁ ＞S ₂ ＞S ₃ . When the effective path of light through the liquid crystal molecules is different, Δ n will also be affected and changed since n is different ₀ Invariable, n _e Corresponding to the long axis of the liquid crystal molecules, there is Δ n1 <. DELTA n2 <. DELTA n 3; where Δ n1 is Δ n on the left side, Δ n2 is Δ n on the front side, and Δ n3 is Δ n on the right side. But S ₁ 、S ₂ 、S ₃ The sum of the change Δ n1, Δ n2, Δn3 are different in the width of the change, so that Δ n1 × S on the left side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 ₁ ≠△n2×S ₂ ≠△n3×S ₁ Therefore, the color of the liquid crystal display panel 1 viewed from the left side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 and the color of the liquid crystal display panel 1 viewed from the right side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 are different, and therefore the liquid crystal display panel 1 has a problem of color shift.

Thus, the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the related art has a problem of light leakage of L0 and a problem of color shift. When the liquid crystal display panel in the present disclosure is in the L0 state, wherein the changes of the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12 to the linear polarization state due to the non-uniform stress generated by the deformation of the first substrate and the second substrate cancel each other out, and the optical compensation layer 15 may compensate the changes of the liquid crystal layer 14 to the linear polarization state in a forward direction or a reverse direction, so that the light emitted from the second substrate 12 is linearly polarized light, and when the light emitted from the second substrate 12 is linearly polarized light, the linearly polarized light will not be emitted from the liquid crystal display panel 1 even if the liquid crystal display panel 1 is under pressure, so the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the present disclosure does not have the problem of light leakage of L0.

The problem of light leakage of L0 in the liquid crystal display panel 1 of the present disclosure is explained as follows: since the polarizing plates in the liquid crystal display panel 1 also affect the polarization state of light, in order to facilitate analysis of the state of light in the liquid crystal display panel 1, it is necessary to perform analysis in the case where the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the present disclosure further includes a first polarizing plate disposed on the side of the first substrate 11 away from the liquid crystal layer 14 and a second polarizing plate disposed on the side of the second substrate 12 away from the liquid crystal layer 14.

In the case where the alignment directions of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142 are the same as the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 (i.e., both in the first direction), the optical compensation layer 15 may positively compensate for the change of the polarization state of the light by the liquid crystal layer 14, i.e., the optical compensation layer 15 functions as a positive compensation. Referring to the poincare diagram shown in fig. 4A, along the emitting direction of the light, the polarization state of the light emitted from the backlight module is at point O after passing through the first polarizer, and the light is linearly polarized at this timeVibrating the light; after passing through the first substrate 11, the light is affected by the non-uniform stress, and the polarization state is located at the point O ₁ Here, the light is elliptically polarized light; after passing through the liquid crystal layer 14, the light is modulated by the phase retardation of the second liquid crystal layer 140, and the polarization state is at the point O ₂ Here, the light is elliptically polarized light; after passing through the optical compensation layer 15, the light is modulated by the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150, and the polarization state is at the point O ₃ Point O of ₃ And point O ₁ Coincidence, wherein the light is elliptical polarized light; after passing through the second substrate 12, the light is affected by the non-uniform stress, and the polarization state is at the point O, at this time, the light is changed into the linearly polarized light again, so that the light incident to the second polarizer is the linearly polarized light. In the state of L0, even if the lcd panel 1 is under pressure, the linearly polarized light cannot exit from the second polarizer, so light leakage caused by the pressure applied to the lcd panel 1 is avoided, and the optical compensation layer 15 can compensate for the pressure applied to the lcd panel at different viewing angles.

In the case where the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142 are perpendicular to the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151, the optical compensation layer 15 may compensate for the change of the polarization state of the light by the liquid crystal layer 14 in the reverse direction, i.e., the optical compensation layer 15 performs a reverse compensation function. Referring to the poincare diagram shown in fig. 4B, along the exit direction of the light ray, the light ray exiting from the backlight module passes through the first polarizer, and the polarization state is located at a point O, where the light ray is a linearly polarized light ray; after passing through the first substrate 11, the light is affected by the non-uniform stress, and the polarization state is located at the point O ₁ Here, the light is elliptically polarized light; after passing through the liquid crystal layer 14, the light is modulated by the phase retardation of the second liquid crystal layer 140, and the polarization state is at the point O ₂ Here, the light is elliptically polarized light; after passing through the optical compensation layer 15, the light is modulated by the phase retardation of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150, and the polarization state is at the point O ₃ At this time, the light is elliptically polarized light with a polarization state O ₃ And polarization state O ₁ Are coincident; light passes throughAfter the second substrate 12 is affected by the non-uniform stress, the polarization state is at the point O, and at this time, the light is changed into the linearly polarized light again, so that the light incident to the second polarizer is the linearly polarized light. In the state of L0, even if the liquid crystal display panel 1 is under pressure, the linearly polarized light cannot exit from the second polarizer, so the light leakage phenomenon generated when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is under pressure is avoided, and the optical compensation layer 15 can play a certain compensation role at different viewing angles.

In FIG. 4B, polarization state O ₃ And polarization state O ₁ A certain distance exists between the two, only to show the polarization state O ₁ To the polarization state O ₂ And polarization state O ₂ To the polarization state O ₃ The relation between, in fact, the polarization state O ₃ And polarization state O ₁ Are coincident.

Referring to FIG. 4A, the optical compensation layer 15 compensates for the forward direction, with the polarization state O ₁ Polarization state O ₂ And polarization state O ₃ A circle can be formed by rotating along the clockwise direction; referring to FIG. 4B, the optical compensation layer 15 reversely compensates from the polarization state O ₁ To the polarization state O ₂ Rotate in a counterclockwise direction from polarization state O ₂ To the polarization state O ₃ Rotate in the clockwise direction by the same amount, thereby obtaining a polarization state O ₃ Back to the polarization state O ₁ At the location of (a). Therefore, the optical compensation layer 15 is used to compensate the phase retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14, and the problem of light leakage in the L0 state of the liquid crystal display panel 1 can be solved.

The retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 can be adjusted by adjusting the relevant parameters (e.g., refractive index property, thickness) of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150, so as to realize the forward compensation or reverse compensation of the optical compensation layer 15.

Referring to fig. 4A and 4B, the present disclosure compensates the phase retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 in a forward direction or in a reverse direction by increasing the phase retardation generated after the optical compensation layer 15, so that the polarization state of the light exiting from the optical compensation layer 15 can be from the point O ₂ To moveTo point O ₃ And the point O3 and the point O1 coincide, thereby solving the problem of light leakage at the front view angle in the L0 state. Moreover, the optical compensation layer 15 can perform a certain compensation function at different viewing angles, so when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed from the left side and the right side, the light leakage brightness of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the present disclosure is smaller than the light leakage brightness of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the related art, and when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed from the left side and the right side, the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel 1 can be measured by the color cast, so the color cast degree of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the present disclosure is lower than the color cast degree of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the related art, and the display effect is better. Note that the light leakage in the L0 state may be a phenomenon that occurs when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed from the front viewing angle, and the color shift may be a phenomenon that occurs when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed from the left side or the right side (side viewing angle) in the L0 state, and the color shift may be perceived by human eyes only due to the light leakage. Therefore, when the present disclosure can reduce the luminance of the light leakage of the liquid crystal display panel 1, the luminance corresponding to the color shift can also be reduced, thereby improving the display effect of the liquid crystal display panel 1.

Referring to fig. 1H and 1I, in conjunction with the above analysis, the structure shown in fig. 1H and 1I solves the problem of light leakage at the normal viewing angle in the L0 state by using reverse compensation. The optical compensation layer 15 can perform a certain compensation function at different viewing angles, so that when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed from the left side and the right side, the light leakage brightness of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the present disclosure is smaller than that of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the related art. And, the tilt direction of the second liquid crystal molecules 140 'anchored by the first alignment film 141 and the tilt direction of the second liquid crystal molecules 140' anchored by the second alignment film 142 are opposite, so that the effective path S when viewed from the left side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 for the liquid crystal layer 14 ₁ Equal to the effective path S when viewed from the right ₃ (ii) a Further, Δ n1 on the left side of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is equal to Δ n3 on the right side thereof, so that Δ n1 × S ₁ ＝△n3×S ₃ On the basis, the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 and the alignment directions of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142Is vertical and the tilt directions of the first liquid crystal molecules 150' are the same, so it does not affect the left side Δ n1 × S ₁ And Δ n3 × S on the right ₃ The display effect finally viewed from the left and right sides of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is the same, and therefore, the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the present disclosure can solve the problem of color shift.

Based on the above, no matter the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as or perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142, since the optical compensation layer 15 can improve the light leakage phenomenon in the state of L0, and by virtue of the compensation effect of the optical compensation layer 15 at different viewing angles, when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed from the left side and the right side, the light leakage luminance of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the present disclosure is also smaller than that of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the related art, and when the light leakage luminance is smaller, the luminance of the liquid crystal display panel 1 is lower, so that the display difference between different display regions that can be perceived by human eyes is smaller and less obvious when viewed, that is, the smaller the luminance is, the lighter the color shift degree when the liquid crystal display panel 1 displays is, and therefore, the color shift degree of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the present disclosure is lower than that of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the related art, the display effect is better.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1A to 1I, the first pretilt α, the second pretilt β, and the third pretilt γ are equal in magnitude.

The first pretilt α, the second pretilt β, and the third pretilt γ are equal, which means that the pretilt angles have the same degree regardless of the alignment directions of the alignment films (including the first alignment film 141, the second alignment film 142, and the third alignment film 151). The magnitude of the third pretilt angle γ may be set to be equal to or substantially equal to the magnitudes of the first and second pretilt angles α and β, regardless of whether the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as or perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142.

When the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β, and the third pretilt angle γ are equal or substantially equal, the manufacturing difficulty of each alignment film can be reduced.

In some embodiments, the first pretilt α, the second pretilt β and the third pretilt γ are in the range of 2 ° ± 2 °.

In other embodiments, the first pretilt α, the second pretilt β and the third pretilt γ are in a range of 2 ° ± 1 °.

On this basis, the first pretilt α, the second pretilt β and the third pretilt γ are each, for example, 2 °.

In some embodiments, the first, second and third pretilt angles α, β and γ are each, for example, 1 ° or 3 °.

Since the degrees of the first, second, and third pretilt angles α, β, and γ are all small, for example, all 1 °, even if the directions of the first and second pretilt angles α and β are different, the long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecules 140 'actually close to the first alignment film 141 and the long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecules 140' close to the second alignment film 142 are substantially parallel. In the case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as that of the first alignment film 141, the long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'and the long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecules 140' are also substantially the same; in the case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the alignment direction of the first alignment film 141, the long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'is substantially perpendicular to the long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecules 140'. The long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'is parallel to the long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecules 140', so that the optical compensation layer 15 can realize forward compensation on the liquid crystal layer 14; the long axis direction of the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'is perpendicular to the long axis direction of the second liquid crystal molecules 140', so that the optical compensation layer 15 can realize reverse compensation on the liquid crystal layer 14; the forward compensation and the reverse compensation can improve the light leakage problem of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the state of L0 and the color cast phenomenon of the liquid crystal display panel 1.

Based on the above, regardless of the magnitudes of the first pretilt α and the second pretilt β, the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140' in the plane of the first alignment film 141, the second alignment film 142, or the third alignment film 151 is along the first direction. Regardless of the magnitude of the third pretilt angle γ, when the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142, the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150' in the plane of the first alignment film 141, the second alignment film 142 or the third alignment film 151 is along the first direction; when the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142, the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150' in the plane of the first alignment film 141, the second alignment film 142 or the third alignment film 151 is along the second direction. Therefore, even if the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β, and the third pretilt angle γ are different in magnitude, the normal operation of the liquid crystal layer 14 and the optical compensation layer 15 can be ensured, and the process requirements for fabricating the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β, and the third pretilt angle γ are reduced.

The liquid crystal layer 14 includes a second liquid crystal molecular layer 140, and the refractive index of the second liquid crystal molecular layer 140 satisfies n _xLC ＞n _yLC ≈n _zLC Or n _xLC ＞n _yLC ＝n _zLC (ii) a Wherein n is _xLC Is the refractive index in the X-axis direction within the plane of the second liquid crystal molecular layer 140, n _yLC D is a refractive index in a Y-axis direction perpendicular to the X-axis in the plane of the second liquid crystal layer 140 _LC Is the thickness of the second layer of liquid crystal molecules 140. Wherein the X-axis is the optical axis of the second liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal molecule layer 140. In the case where the X-axis and the second liquid crystal molecule layer 140 have a small tilt angle (for example, a tilt angle within 5 °), the X-axis may be considered to be located in the plane of the second liquid crystal molecule layer 140. In-plane retardation R of the second liquid crystal molecular layer 140 _OLC ＝(n _xLC －n _yLC )×d _LC . The in-plane retardation of the second liquid crystal layer 140 can be understood as the actual retardation of light passing through the second liquid crystal layer 140 in the normal direction (vertical direction). It is to be understood that since the phase retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 is effected by the second liquid crystal layer 140, the in-plane retardation of the second liquid crystal layer 140 can be regarded as the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14.

The optical compensation layer 15 includes a first layer 150 of liquid crystal molecules. First liquid crystal moleculesThe refractive index of the sub-layer 150 satisfies n _x1 ＞n _y1 ≈n _z1 Or n _x1 ＞n _y1 ＝n _z1 Wherein n is _x1 Is X in the plane of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150 ₁ Refractive index in axial direction, n _y1 Is in the plane of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150 and X ₁ Axis of rotation of Y ₁ Refractive index in axial direction, n _z1 Is a refractive index in a thickness direction of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150. Wherein X ₁ The axis is the optical axis of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150. In addition, in X ₁ When the axis has a small tilt angle (for example, a tilt angle of up to 5 °) with respect to the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150, X can be considered as ₁ The axis lies in the plane of the first layer of liquid crystal molecules 150. It will be appreciated that, at X ₁ N in the case of a small tilt angle of the axis with respect to the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150 _y1 And n _z1 There will be a difference that n takes into account the above-mentioned situation _y1 Can be reacted with n _z1 Equal or approximately equal. In-plane retardation R of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150 _O1 ＝(n _x1 －n _y1 )×d ₁ Wherein n is _x1 Is X in the plane of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150 ₁ Refractive index in axial direction, n _y1 Is in the plane of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150 and X ₁ Axis-perpendicular Y ₁ Refractive index in axial direction, d ₁ Is the thickness of the first layer of liquid crystal molecules 150. Wherein R is _O1 The in-plane retardation of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150 can be understood as an actual retardation when light passes through the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150 in a normal direction (vertical direction). It is understood that the phase retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 is exerted by the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150, and the in-plane retardation of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150 may be regarded as the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer 15. On this basis, it is understood that the optical compensation layer 15 can be regarded as a + a compensation film layer.

In some embodiments, in the case where the direction of the orthogonal projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'on the plane of the first alignment film 141 and the direction of the orthogonal projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140' on the plane of the third alignment film 151 are parallel, the sum of the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 is equal to a positive integer multiple of the first wavelength; the first wavelength is in the range 535nm + -50 nm. In this structure, the optical compensation layer 15 plays a role of forward compensation, and therefore, the transmittance of light in the liquid crystal display panel 1 can be controlled by controlling the sum of in-plane retardations of the optical compensation layer 15 and the liquid crystal layer 14.

By adjusting the refractive index properties of the liquid crystal molecules of the optical compensation layer 15 and/or the liquid crystal layer 14 and the thicknesses of the optical compensation layer 15 and/or the liquid crystal layer 14, the sum of the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 can be made equal to a positive integer multiple of the first wavelength.

Illustratively, the first wavelength is in the range 535nm ± 50nm, i.e. the first wavelength has a minimum value of 485nm, a maximum value of 585nm and a median value of 535 nm. When the sum of the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 is 535nm, the light leakage at the front viewing angle and the side viewing angle can be significantly reduced when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is in the L0 state, and the light leakage when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed from the side viewing angle can be bluish. Compared with the color cast of red, yellow, green and the like, the color cast of blue is more easily accepted by people. Therefore, the first wavelength range is set to 535nm + -50 nm, which further improves the display effect.

Through experimental verification, when the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the related art (refer to fig. 3A) is observed at different polarization angle positions under the condition that the azimuth angles are all 45 °, when the liquid crystal display panel 1 has a light leakage phenomenon, a curve of luminance changing with the polarization angle is S1; when the liquid crystal display panel 1 adopting the structure of fig. 1A in the present disclosure is observed at different polarization angle positions, when the liquid crystal display panel 1 has a light leakage phenomenon, a variation curve of luminance with a polarization angle is S2, as is apparent from fig. 5, when the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the present disclosure has the light leakage phenomenon, the luminance of light leakage is lower, and therefore, the light leakage phenomenon of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the present disclosure is less obvious compared with the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the related art, that is, the quality of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the present disclosure is better.

In some embodiments, in the case where the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'on the plane of the first alignment film 141 and the direction of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecules 140' on the plane of the third alignment film 151 are parallel, the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 ranges from 185nm ± 25 nm; the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 ranges from 350nm ± 25 nm. The minimum value of the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 is, for example, 160nm, the maximum value is, for example, 210nm, and the median value is, for example, 185 nm; the minimum value of the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 is, for example, 325nm, the maximum value is, for example, 375nm, and the median value is, for example, 350 nm.

On this basis, in other embodiments, the sum of the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 is equal to a positive integer multiple of the first wavelength; the first wavelength is in the range 535nm + -25 nm.

In some embodiments, the sum of the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 is equal to a positive integer multiple of the first wavelength; the first wavelength was 535 nm. In other embodiments, in the case where the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'on the plane of the first alignment film 141 and the direction of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140' on the plane of the third alignment film 151 are parallel, the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 ranges from 160nm to 240nm, and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 ranges from 350nm ± 25 nm. Illustratively, the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 is, for example, any one of 160nm, 180nm, 200nm, 220nm, and 240 nm.

When the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 is within 160nm to 240nm, the optical compensation layer 15 has a good forward compensation effect, and is matched with a proper in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14, so that various matched combinations of the optical compensation layer 15 and the liquid crystal layer 14 can be provided, and the liquid crystal display panel 1 is finally ensured to have a good display effect.

The requirement for the in-plane retardation is described above when the optical compensation layer 15 performs the forward compensation function, and the requirement for the in-plane retardation is described below when the optical compensation layer 15 performs the reverse compensation function.

In some embodiments, in the case that the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140' on the plane of the third alignment film 151, the optical compensation layer 15 will perform a reverse compensation function, wherein the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 is equal to the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14. In this structure, since the optical compensation layer 15 plays a role of reverse compensation, when the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer 15 is equal to the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14, the optical compensation layer 15 can completely cancel the influence of the liquid crystal layer 14 on the polarization state of light.

On this basis, in some embodiments, the in-plane retardance of the liquid crystal layer 14 ranges, for example, from 580nm to 620 nm.

In addition, the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 is any one of 580nm, 590nm, 600nm, 610nm, or 620 nm.

Since the wavelength range of red light is: 625 nm-740 nm; the wavelength range of green light is 492nm to 577 nm; therefore, the in-plane retardation amounts of the liquid crystal layer 14 and the optical compensation layer 15 are relatively close to the wavelengths of red light and green light, which makes the transmittance of the liquid crystal layer 14 and the optical compensation layer 15 with respect to red light and green light low, that is, setting the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 and the optical compensation layer 15 to 580nm to 620nm relatively enables reduction in the amount of transmission of red light and green light. The wavelength range of blue light is 440nm to 475nm, which is greatly different from the set range of in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 and the optical compensation layer 15, so that the transmittance of blue light is relatively high. In this way, when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is in a dark state (in the state of L0), the liquid crystal display panel 1 appears blue in color regardless of whether the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed from the left side or the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed from the right side, which enables the liquid crystal display panel 1 to further avoid the problem of color shift.

For example, the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 is 580nm, 590nm, 600nm, 610nm, or 620 nm. The value is relatively close to the wavelength of red light or green light when the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 is 600nm, which makes the liquid crystal display panel 1 have the best display effect when the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer 14 is 600 nm.

Of course, the optical compensation layer 15 may also be a + B compensation layer or other compensation layer capable of performing the same function as the optical compensation layer 15 in the present application.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1F, the third alignment film 151 is disposed on a side of the first substrate 11 close to the liquid crystal layer 14.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1D and 1E, the third alignment film 151 is disposed on a side of the first substrate base 11 away from the liquid crystal layer 14.

In other embodiments, referring to fig. 1A and 1B, the third alignment film 151 is disposed on a side of the second substrate 12 close to the liquid crystal layer 14.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 1C, the third alignment film 151 is disposed on a side of the second substrate 12 away from the liquid crystal layer 14.

Based on the above, referring to fig. 1A to 1G, the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as the alignment direction of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142.

In other embodiments, referring to fig. 1H and 1I, the third alignment film 151 is disposed on the side of the second substrate 12 close to the liquid crystal layer 14.

The alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142.

The first liquid crystal molecules 150 'in the optical compensation layer 15 are cured in the optical compensation layer 15, and the positions and the pretilt angles of the first liquid crystal molecules 150' are fixed and are not affected by the electric field in the liquid crystal display panel 1, so that the positions of the optical compensation layer 15 can be changed according to different design requirements, process requirements and the like, so as to improve the adaptability of the optical compensation layer 15 to different liquid crystal display panels 1.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6A to 6C, the optical compensation layer 15 further includes a third substrate base 13, and the third substrate base 13 and the third alignment film 151 are located on the same side or opposite sides of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150.

In some embodiments, the material of the third substrate base 13 is, for example, the same as the material of the first substrate base 11 and the second substrate base 12.

In other embodiments, the thickness of the third substrate base 13 is equal to or less than the thickness of the first substrate base 11 and/or the second substrate base 12.

Referring to fig. 6A and 6B, the third substrate base 13 and the third alignment film 151 are respectively located at both sides of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150, wherein, in fig. 6A, the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as the alignment direction of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142; in fig. 6B, the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142.

Referring to fig. 6C, the third alignment film 151 is disposed on the third base substrate 13, that is, the third alignment film 151 and the third base substrate 13 are disposed on the same side of the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150, wherein the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142.

In other embodiments, the third alignment film 151 is disposed on the third substrate 13, that is, the third alignment film 151 and the third substrate 13 are disposed on the same side of the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150, wherein the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142.

After the third substrate base plate 13 is disposed in the liquid crystal display panel 1, on one hand, when the third alignment film 151 and the third substrate base plate 13 are located on opposite sides of the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150, the third substrate base plate 13 has a planarization function, so as to facilitate subsequent manufacturing of other film layers, such as the second alignment film 142, on one side of the third substrate base plate 13 away from the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150; on the other hand, when the third alignment film 151 and the third substrate 13 are located on the same side, when the third alignment film 151 is manufactured, the third alignment film may be directly manufactured on the third substrate 13, and then the third substrate 13 and the second substrate 12 are subjected to cell alignment, and the first liquid crystal molecule 150' is injected to form the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150, so that the third alignment film 151 may be manufactured independently, and the process conditions (such as high temperature) in the process of manufacturing the third alignment film 151 may not affect other manufactured film layers on the first substrate 11 or the second substrate 12, such as a thin film transistor layer.

In other embodiments, referring to fig. 6C, the third alignment film 151 and the second alignment film 142 are disposed on opposite sides of the third substrate base 13. Illustratively, the opposite sides of the third substrate base 13 in the thickness direction of the third substrate base 13 are, for example, the upper surface and the lower surface of the third substrate base 13.

When the third alignment film 151 and the second alignment film 142 are disposed on two opposite sides of the third substrate 13, the third alignment film 151 and the second alignment film 142 can be conveniently fabricated directly on the third substrate 13, so that the fabrication processes of the third alignment film 151 and the second alignment film 142 are relatively independent from those of other structures (such as the second substrate 12 and the second substrate 12) in the liquid crystal display panel 1. As other film layers are often required to be manufactured on the first substrate 11 and the second substrate 12, for example, a thin film transistor layer is also required to be manufactured on the first substrate 11, and a filter layer is also required to be manufactured on the second substrate 12, so that when the manufacturing process of the third alignment film 151 and the second alignment film 142 is independent from other structures in the liquid crystal display panel 1, on one hand, the manufacturing efficiency of the liquid crystal display panel 1 can be improved, and on the other hand, the influence on other structures when the third alignment film 151 and the second alignment film 142 are manufactured can be avoided.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6D and 6E, the optical compensation layer 15 further includes a fourth alignment film 152, and the fourth alignment film 152 is disposed on a side of the third substrate 13 away from the liquid crystal layer 14 or a side of the second substrate 12 close to the liquid crystal layer 14. The fourth alignment film 152 is configured to anchor a portion of the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'close to the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150, so that the portion of the first liquid crystal molecules 150' close to the fourth alignment film 152 generates a fourth pretilt angle θ; the alignment direction of the fourth alignment film 152 is the same as that of the third alignment film 151, and the direction of the fourth pretilt angle θ is opposite to or the same as that of the third pretilt angle γ.

Referring to fig. 6D, the fourth alignment film 152 is disposed on the side of the third substrate 13 away from the liquid crystal layer 14, and the third alignment film 151 is disposed on the side of the first substrate 11 close to the liquid crystal layer 14, i.e., the third alignment film 151 and the fourth alignment film 152 are oppositely disposed.

In other embodiments, referring to fig. 6E to 6G, the third alignment film 151 is disposed on the side of the third substrate 13 away from the liquid crystal layer 14, and the fourth alignment film 152 is disposed on the side of the second substrate 12 close to the liquid crystal layer 14.

The alignment direction of the fourth alignment film 152 is the same as the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151, and the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 may be the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142, where the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is along the first direction; or perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142, in which the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is along the second direction, the alignment direction of the fourth alignment film 152 includes both the first direction and the second direction. Fig. 6E and 6F illustrate the third alignment film 151 and the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142 having the same alignment direction.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6D and 6E, when the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'in the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150 are in a one-layer structure, the third alignment film 151 and the fourth alignment film 152 simultaneously anchor the one-layer first liquid crystal molecules 150', and the magnitude of the fourth pretilt angle θ and the magnitude of the third pretilt angle γ are equal and the directions are the same. In this structure, the fourth alignment film 152 may increase an anchoring force to the first liquid crystal molecules 150 ', and further fix the positions of the first liquid crystal molecules 150' constant.

In other embodiments, referring to fig. 6F, when the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'of the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150 are multi-layered (at least two-layered), the third alignment film 151 may anchor a portion of the first liquid crystal molecules 150' adjacent thereto, the fourth alignment film 152 may anchor a portion of the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'adjacent thereto, the magnitude of the fourth pretilt angle θ is equal to or substantially equal to the magnitude of the third pretilt angle γ, and the direction of the fourth pretilt angle θ is the same as the direction of the third pretilt angle γ, so that the arrangement directions of the first liquid crystal molecules 150' in the entire first liquid crystal molecule layer 150 are the same or substantially the same. Referring to fig. 6G, when the direction of the fourth pretilt θ and the direction of the third pretilt γ are opposite, when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is viewed from different viewing angles, the phase difference of the first liquid crystal molecules 150' at different positions in the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150 may be equal or nearly equal, and the polarization states are the same, so that the capability of the liquid crystal display panel 1 to improve color shift may be further improved. Since the fourth alignment film 152 and the third alignment film 151 are used in combination, the first liquid crystal molecules 150 'can be a multi-layer structure, so that the selectable types of the liquid crystal molecules that can be used as the first liquid crystal molecules 150' are increased, and the production cost of the liquid crystal display panel 1 can be reduced to a certain extent.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6D, the fourth alignment film 152 and the second alignment film 142 are disposed on opposite sides of the third substrate base 13.

The fourth alignment film 152 and the second alignment film 142 are formed on the third substrate, and the manufacturing process is also simple.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 7, the third alignment film 151 is disposed on the side of the second substrate 12 close to the liquid crystal layer 14, the planarization layer 16 is further disposed on the side of the first liquid crystal layer 150 close to the liquid crystal layer 14, and the second alignment film 142 is disposed on the side of the planarization layer 16 close to the liquid crystal layer 14.

The planarization layer 16 is also referred to as an oc (over coat) layer, the material of the planarization layer 16 may be an organic material, such as polyimide, the planarization layer 16 mainly serves to planarize, and after the planarization layer 16 is disposed on the side of the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150 away from the second substrate 12, a relatively flat surface may be provided for the subsequent fabrication of the second alignment film 142, so as to improve the quality of the fabricated second alignment film 142.

In some embodiments, the first alignment film 141, the second alignment film 142, the third alignment film 151, and the fourth alignment film 152 have a thickness ranging from 0.01 μm to 10 μm, for example.

The thickness of each alignment film (including the first alignment film 141 to the fourth alignment film 152) within the above thickness range is small, which is beneficial to realizing the lightness and thinness of the liquid crystal display panel 1.

In other embodiments, the first, second, third and fourth pretilt angles α, β, γ and θ are equal in magnitude, as shown in fig. 6D to 6G.

In some embodiments, the first pretilt α, the second pretilt β, the third pretilt γ, and the fourth pretilt θ range from 2 ° ± 2 °.

Illustratively, the first, second, third and fourth pretilt angles α, β, γ, θ are all equal in magnitude to 2 °.

As another example, the first pretilt α, the second pretilt β, the third pretilt γ, and the fourth pretilt θ are all equal in magnitude to 4 °.

It should be noted that there is no case where the first pretilt α, the second pretilt β, the third pretilt γ, and the fourth pretilt θ are equal to 0 °. And the above description of the direction of each pretilt angle (the first pretilt angle α to the fourth pretilt angle θ) is based on the relative position of each pretilt angle in the liquid crystal display panel 1.

The specific numerical values of the first pretilt angle α, the second pretilt angle β, the third pretilt angle γ, and the fourth pretilt angle θ may be selected according to actual needs and process conditions, so as to reduce the manufacturing difficulty of the liquid crystal display panel 1 process.

In some embodiments, the first substrate 11 is, for example, a substrate in an array substrate, and the second substrate 12 is, for example, a substrate in a color filter substrate.

The state of the liquid crystal display panel 1 shown in fig. 6A to 6G and fig. 7 is a state when no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display panel 1.

Based on this, in some embodiments, referring to fig. 8A, a functional film layer 17 is further disposed on the first substrate base plate 11; the functional film layer 17 and the optical compensation layer 15 are arranged on two opposite sides of the liquid crystal layer 14; alternatively, the functional film layer 17 and the liquid crystal layer 14 are disposed on opposite sides of the optical compensation layer 15. The functional film layer 17 includes, for example, a thin film transistor layer, a pixel electrode layer, a common electrode layer, a data line, an insulating layer, and the like, and a specific position and a specific structure of each film layer in the functional film layer 17 are determined according to different design requirements, which is not limited in this disclosure. The positions of the functional film layer 17, the liquid crystal layer 14 and the optical compensation layer 15 can be selected according to requirements under the condition that the normal work of the liquid crystal display panel 1 can be guaranteed, so that the position setting of each film layer in the liquid crystal display panel 1 is more flexible.

For example, referring to fig. 8B, the thin-film transistor layer 170 in the functional film layer 17 is disposed on a side of the first substrate 11 close to the liquid crystal layer 14, the thin-film transistor layer 170 includes a plurality of thin-film transistors, and source electrodes and drain electrodes of the thin-film transistors and the data lines 171 are fabricated using the same conductive material in the same layer; a first insulating layer 172, a common electrode layer 173, a second insulating layer 174, a pixel electrode layer 175 and a third insulating layer 176 are sequentially stacked on one side of the data line 171, which is far away from the first substrate 11, wherein the pixel electrode layer 175 includes a plurality of strip-shaped electrodes spaced from each other, the common electrode layer 173 includes a common electrode in a planar structure, and the pixel electrode and the common electrode are both transparent; the material of the first insulating layer 172, the second insulating layer 174, and the third insulating layer 176 may be an inorganic material, such as at least one of silicon oxide and silicon nitride, or an organic material, such as polyimide, which is not limited in this disclosure.

In the structure shown in fig. 8B, the pixel electrode layer 175 is closer to the liquid crystal layer 14 than the common electrode layer 173, so that the pixel electrode has a stripe structure and the common electrode has a planar structure. In other embodiments, the common electrode layer 173 is closer to the liquid crystal layer 14 than the pixel electrode layer 175, so that the common electrode has a stripe structure and the pixel electrode has a planar structure. In still other embodiments, the pixel electrode and the common electrode are both in a stripe structure.

On this basis, referring to fig. 9A and 9B, the liquid crystal display panel 1 further includes a first polarizing plate 18 and a second polarizing plate 19, and the polarization direction of the first polarizing plate 18 and the polarization direction of the second polarizing plate 19 are perpendicular or substantially perpendicular to each other.

Illustratively, the first polarizing plate 18 is disposed on a side of the first substrate 11 away from the liquid crystal layer 14, and the second polarizing plate 19 is disposed on a side of the second substrate 12 away from the liquid crystal layer 14.

The first polarizer 18 and the second polarizer 19 are used for changing the polarization state of light rays, wherein the first polarizer 18 is used for enabling the light rays emitted from the backlight module to become linearly polarized light rays, and the second polarizer 19 is used for enabling the light rays with the same polarization direction to appear. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, when the liquid crystal display panel 1 is in the state of L0, the direction of the linearly polarized light ray incident on the second polarizing plate 19 is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the second polarizing plate 19, and therefore the linearly polarized light ray cannot exit from the second polarizing plate 19.

Referring to fig. 10, an embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a method for manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel 1, including:

s1, the first alignment film 141 is formed on one side of the first base substrate 11.

The material of the first alignment film 141 is, for example, polyimide, which is coated on the first substrate 11, for example, by a coating method, and then an alignment rubbing process of the first alignment film 141 is performed, by which the alignment direction of the first alignment film 141 and the magnitude and direction of the first pretilt angle α may be determined.

S2, a third alignment film 151 is formed on one side of the second substrate base plate 12.

Wherein, the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is formed to be the same as or perpendicular to the alignment direction of the first alignment film 141.

Referring to fig. 1A to 1G, the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as the alignment direction of the first alignment film 141, i.e., both along the first direction; referring to fig. 1H to 1I, the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the alignment direction of the first alignment film 141, i.e., the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is along the second direction.

S3, forming and curing the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150 on the third alignment film 151, so that the first liquid crystal molecules 150' in the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150 have the third pretilt angle γ.

The curing of the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150 is achieved, for example, by adding a polymer, such as a photopolymer or a thermopolymer, to the first liquid crystal molecule 150' and then curing the polymer by ultraviolet light, heat, or the like.

S4, a second alignment film 142 is formed on the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150.

The alignment direction of the second alignment film 142 is the same as the alignment direction of the first alignment film 141.

For example, referring to fig. 1A to 1I, the alignment directions of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142 are both along the first direction. S5, aligning the first base substrate 11 on which the first alignment film 141 is formed and the second base substrate 12 on which the second alignment film 142 is formed, and forming the second liquid crystal molecular layer 140 between the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142; wherein, a portion of the second liquid crystal molecules 140 'in the second liquid crystal molecule layer 140 close to the first alignment film 141 has a first pretilt angle α, and a portion of the second liquid crystal molecules 140' in the second liquid crystal molecule layer 140 close to the second alignment film 142 has a second pretilt angle β; the direction of the first pretilt α is opposite to the direction of the second pretilt β; and the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 is parallel or perpendicular to the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150' on the plane of the third alignment film 151.

When the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as the alignment directions of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142, the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 is parallel to the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150' on the plane of the third alignment film 151; when the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first alignment film 141 and the second alignment film 142, the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule 140 'on the plane of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule 150' on the plane of the third alignment film 151.

Referring to fig. 1A to 1I, although the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142 are in the first direction, the direction of the first pretilt angle α is opposite to the direction of the second pretilt angle β. In the case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is the same as the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142, the direction of the third pretilt angle γ is the same as the direction of the first pretilt angle α or the direction of the second pretilt angle β. In the case where the alignment direction of the third alignment film 151 is perpendicular to the alignment directions of the first and

second alignment films

141 and 142, the direction of the third pretilt angle γ is perpendicular to the direction of the first pretilt angle α and the direction of the second pretilt angle β.

The first liquid crystal molecules 150 'and the second liquid crystal molecules 140' may be the same liquid crystal molecules or different liquid crystal molecules, and only need to meet the design requirements of the liquid crystal display panel 1 in the present disclosure, which is not limited by the present disclosure.

The manufacturing method of the liquid crystal display panel 1 has the same beneficial effects as the liquid crystal display panel 1, and therefore, the details are not repeated.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 7, before forming the second alignment film 142 on the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150, the method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display panel 1 further includes:

a planarization layer 16 is formed on the first liquid crystal molecular layer 150. The planarization layer 16 can make the surface of the first liquid crystal molecule layer 150 on the side near the liquid crystal layer 14 more flat, which facilitates the subsequent preparation of the second alignment film 142 on the planarization layer 16.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will appreciate that changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure are included in the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

A liquid crystal display panel comprising:

the first substrate base plate and the second substrate base plate are oppositely arranged;

a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; the liquid crystal layer comprises a first alignment film and a second alignment film which are oppositely arranged, and a second liquid crystal molecular layer positioned between the first alignment film and the second alignment film; the first alignment film is configured to anchor a part of the second liquid crystal molecules close to the first alignment film in the second liquid crystal molecule layer, so that a first pretilt angle is generated on the part of the second liquid crystal molecules close to the first alignment film; the second alignment film is configured to anchor a part of the second liquid crystal molecules close to the second liquid crystal molecule layer, so that a second pretilt angle is generated on the part of the second liquid crystal molecules close to the second alignment film; the direction of the first pretilt is opposite to the direction of the second pretilt;

the optical compensation layer is arranged on one side, away from the second liquid crystal molecular layer, of the first alignment film or the second alignment film; the optical compensation layer comprises a third alignment film and a first liquid crystal molecular layer; the third alignment film is configured to anchor the first liquid crystal molecules close to the third alignment film in the first liquid crystal molecule layer, so that the first liquid crystal molecules close to the third alignment film generate a third pretilt angle; the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film is parallel to or perpendicular to the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film.
The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein in a case where a direction of an orthogonal projection of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules on a plane on which the third alignment film is present is parallel to a direction of an orthogonal projection of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules on a plane on which the third alignment film is present;

the direction of the third pretilt is the same as the direction of the first pretilt or the direction of the second pretilt.
The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in a case where a direction of an orthogonal projection of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules on a plane on which the third alignment film is present is parallel to a direction of an orthogonal projection of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules on a plane on which the third alignment film is present, a sum of an in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer and an in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer is equal to a positive integer multiple of the first wavelength; the first wavelength is in the range of 535nm + -50 nm.
The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 3, wherein the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer is in a range of 185nm ± 25 nm; the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer is within a range of 350nm + -25 nm.
The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 3, wherein, in a case where a direction of an orthogonal projection of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules on a plane in which the third alignment film is present is parallel to a direction of an orthogonal projection of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules on a plane in which the third alignment film is present, the in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer ranges from 160nm to 240nm, and the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer ranges from 350nm ± 25 nm.
The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein in a case where a direction of an orthogonal projection of the long axes of the first liquid crystal molecules on a plane of the third alignment film is perpendicular to a direction of an orthogonal projection of the long axes of the second liquid crystal molecules on a plane of the third alignment film, an in-plane retardation of the optical compensation layer is equal to an in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer.
The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 6, wherein the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer is in a range of 580nm to 620 nm.
The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 7, wherein the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal layer is any one of 580nm, 590nm, 600nm, 610nm, or 620 nm.
The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the third alignment film is provided on a side of the first substrate close to the liquid crystal layer;

or the third alignment film is arranged on one side of the first substrate far away from the liquid crystal layer;

or the third alignment film is arranged on one side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer;

or the third alignment film is arranged on one side of the second substrate base plate far away from the liquid crystal layer.
The liquid crystal display panel of claim 1, wherein the optical compensation layer further comprises a third substrate, and the third substrate and the third alignment film are located on the same side or opposite sides of the first liquid crystal molecular layer.
The liquid crystal display panel of claim 10, wherein the third alignment film and the second alignment film are disposed on opposite sides of the third base substrate.
The liquid crystal display panel of claim 10, wherein the optical compensation layer further comprises a fourth alignment film disposed on a side of the third substrate away from the liquid crystal layer or on a side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer; the fourth alignment film is configured to anchor a part of the first liquid crystal molecules close to the fourth alignment film in the first liquid crystal molecule layer, so that a fourth pretilt angle is generated on the part of the first liquid crystal molecules close to the fourth alignment film; the direction of the fourth pretilt is opposite to or the same as the direction of the third pretilt.
The liquid crystal display panel of claim 12, wherein the fourth alignment film and the second alignment film are disposed on opposite sides of the third base substrate.
The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein the third alignment film is disposed on a side of the second substrate close to the liquid crystal layer, a planarization layer is further disposed on a side of the first liquid crystal molecule layer close to the liquid crystal layer, and the second alignment film is disposed on a side of the planarization layer close to the liquid crystal layer.
The liquid crystal display panel of claim 1, wherein an alignment direction of the first alignment film is the same as an alignment direction of the second alignment film.
The liquid crystal display panel of claim 1, wherein the optical compensation film layer is a + a compensation film layer.
The liquid crystal display panel of claim 1, wherein the first, second, and third pretilt angles are equal in magnitude.
The liquid crystal display panel of claim 1 or 17, wherein the first, second, and third pretilt angles range in magnitude from 2 ° ± 2 °.
The liquid crystal display panel of claim 1 or 17, wherein the first, second, and third pretilt angles are in a range of 2 ° ± 1 °.
The liquid crystal display panel according to claim 1, wherein a functional film layer is further provided on the first substrate; the functional film layer and the optical compensation layer are arranged on two opposite sides of the liquid crystal layer; or the functional film layer and the liquid crystal layer are arranged on two opposite sides of the optical compensation layer.
The liquid crystal display panel of claim 1, wherein the second liquid crystal molecules are negative liquid crystal molecules.
A display device comprising the liquid crystal display panel according to any one of claims 1 to 20.
A method for preparing a liquid crystal display panel comprises the following steps:

forming a first alignment film on one side of a first substrate base plate;

forming a third alignment film on one side of the second substrate base plate;

forming a first liquid crystal molecular layer on a third alignment film and curing to enable first liquid crystal molecules in the first liquid crystal molecular layer to have a third pretilt angle;

forming a second alignment film on the first liquid crystal molecular layer;

aligning the first substrate base plate on which the first alignment film is formed and the second substrate base plate on which the second alignment film is formed, and forming a second liquid crystal molecular layer between the first alignment film and the second alignment film; wherein a part of second liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal molecule layer, which are close to the first alignment film, have a first pretilt angle, a part of second liquid crystal molecules in the second liquid crystal molecule layer, which are close to the second alignment film, have a second pretilt angle, and the direction of the first pretilt angle is opposite to the direction of the second pretilt angle; and the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the second liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film is parallel to or perpendicular to the direction of the orthographic projection of the long axis of the first liquid crystal molecule on the plane of the third alignment film.
The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal display panel according to claim 23,

before forming the second alignment film on the first liquid crystal molecular layer, the production method further includes: a planarization layer is formed on the first liquid crystal molecular layer.