CN115022816B - Bluetooth LE audio-based equipment networking method, device and system - Google Patents
Bluetooth LE audio-based equipment networking method, device and system Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
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- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device networking method, a device and a system based on Bluetooth LE audio, wherein the method comprises the steps of initializing an information field of the device; broadcasting a universal broadcast packet adv_ind, and receiving a scanning request packet Aux_SCAN_REQ returned by other equipment; broadcasting a scanning reply packet AUX_SCAN_RSP, determining a parent-child node cluster, and updating an information field of the equipment; selecting a proper connection mode for the father-son node cluster based on a multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and preset evaluation parameters; and after all the devices are connected to the network, selecting important nodes according to a node importance algorithm, and correcting a parent-child node cluster connection mode to complete the networking of the devices based on Bluetooth LE audio. The invention makes full use of the characteristics of a connection-oriented CIG mode and a broadcast-oriented BIG mode, and utilizes a multi-layer fuzzy hierarchical analysis and a node importance algorithm to carry out equipment networking.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial Internet of things, and particularly relates to a device networking method, device and system based on Bluetooth LE audio.
Background
Bluetooth is an open wireless communication standard, which replaces the current various cable connection schemes, and can penetrate through walls or briefcases between information devices through a unified short-range wireless link, thereby realizing convenient, quick, flexible and safe voice and data communication with low cost and low power consumption. The wireless communication system promotes and expands the application range of wireless communication, and enables various data and voice devices in a network to be interconnected and communicated, thereby realizing rapid and flexible data and voice communication in a personal area.
The current Bluetooth technology is mainly divided into BR/EDR (Basic Rate/Enhanced Data Rate) and low-energy technology types. Wherein the BR/EDR type is to create one-to-one device communication in a point-to-point network topology; LE type uses various network topologies such as point-to-point (one-to-one), broadcast (one-to-many), and mesh (many-to-many).
Bluetooth LE Audio (LE Audio) is a technology for transmitting synchronous Audio data on the basis of bluetooth LE with low energy. The LE Audio not only supports stereo in the connected and broadcast states, but also will enhance bluetooth Audio performance through a series of specification adjustments, including reduced latency, enhanced sound quality through LC3 codec, etc. LE Audio also adds broadcast Audio technology that enables a single Audio source device to broadcast one or more Audio streams to an unlimited number of Audio sink devices. The user may turn on the broadcast audio function to allow any audio receiving device within the coverage area to join. Because LE Audio technology is soon developed, many researches on LE Audio are not yet mature, so how to network to LE Audio is a problem to be solved in order to meet service requirements in different scenes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a device networking method, a device and a system based on Bluetooth LE audio, which fully utilize the characteristics of a connection-oriented CIG mode and a broadcast-oriented BIG mode and perform device networking by utilizing a multi-layer fuzzy hierarchical analysis and node importance algorithm.
In order to achieve the technical purpose and achieve the technical effect, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for device networking based on bluetooth LE audio, including:
initializing an information field of the equipment;
broadcasting a universal broadcast packet adv_ind, and receiving a scanning request packet Aux_SCAN_REQ returned by other equipment;
broadcasting a scanning reply packet AUX_SCAN_RSP, determining a parent-child node cluster, and updating an information field of the equipment;
selecting a proper connection mode for the father-son node cluster based on a multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and preset evaluation parameters;
and after all the devices are connected to the network, selecting important nodes according to a node importance algorithm, and correcting a parent-child node cluster connection mode to complete the networking of the devices based on Bluetooth LE audio.
Optionally, the information field includes a network access information field and an available slave number field;
wherein, the network access information field of the information source equipment is 1, and the network access information field of the other equipment is 0; the available slave number field of the user equipment is 0, the available slave number field of the rest equipment is m, and m is the maximum number of slave equipment which can be connected with one equipment.
Optionally, the method for determining the parent-child node cluster includes:
broadcasting a general broadcast packet adv_ind, so that the non-network-access devices collect enough adv_ind, screening out proper network-access devices, and broadcasting aux_scan_req;
collecting enough Aux_SCAN_REQ, screening out proper non-network-access equipment, broadcasting AUX_SCAN_RSP, enabling the non-network-access equipment to collect enough AUX_SCAN_RSP, and updating own network-access information field and father node list field; simultaneously updating an available slave number field and a child node list field of the equipment;
and determining the relationship of the father and son nodes according to the son node list field and the father node list field.
Optionally, the connection mode of the parent-child node cluster comprises CIG connection or BIG synchronization.
Optionally, the selecting a suitable connection mode for the parent-child node cluster based on the multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and a preset evaluation parameter includes the following steps:
selecting transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron and reliability gamma as evaluation parameters, wherein the time delay coefficient is measured by time delay tau and time delay jitter phi, and the reliability gamma is measured by packet loss epsilon, retransmission times eta and error rateTo measure;
by using an analytic hierarchy process, a global weight W= { omega of transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron and reliability gamma is obtained α ，ω θ ，ω ο ，ω γ Local weight x= { X of } sum delay τ, delay jitter Φ t ，x f Packet loss rate epsilon, retransmission times eta and bit error rateIs set to local weight y= { Y e ,y h ,y j }；
And (3) dividing the evaluation parameters into a lower layer and a higher layer by using a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and calculating a comprehensive judgment by combining the global weight and the local weight obtained by the analytic hierarchy process, and selecting a mode with a larger judgment value.
Optionally, the selecting the important node according to the node importance algorithm includes:
calculating the importance of the node based on an importance calculation formula of the node; the importance calculation formula is as follows:
wherein x (i) is node v i Is the importance of x (j) is node v j Is of importance, V (i) is node V i Is an outgoing edge neighbor node set, v j ∈V(i)，ω ij Is a continuous edge (v) i ,v j ) Weight value of (2);
and screening out nodes with importance greater than a preset value as important nodes.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a device networking apparatus based on bluetooth LE audio, including:
the initialization module is used for initializing the information field of the equipment;
the first broadcasting module is used for broadcasting a general broadcasting packet adv_ind and receiving a scanning request packet Aux_SCAN_REQ returned by other equipment;
the second broadcasting module is used for broadcasting a scanning reply packet AUX_SCAN_RSP, determining a parent-child node cluster and updating an information field of the equipment;
the connection mode determining module is used for selecting a proper connection mode for the father-son node cluster based on a multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and preset evaluation parameters;
and the connection mode correction module is used for selecting important nodes according to a node importance algorithm after all the devices are connected to the network, correcting the connection mode of the parent-child node cluster and completing the networking of the devices based on Bluetooth LE audio.
Optionally, the information field includes a network access information field and an available slave number field;
wherein, the network access information field of the information source equipment is 1, and the network access information field of the other equipment is 0; the available slave number field of the user equipment is 0, the available slave number field of the rest equipment is m, and m is the maximum number of slave equipment which can be connected with one equipment.
Optionally, the method for determining the parent-child node cluster includes:
broadcasting a general broadcast packet adv_ind, so that the non-network-access devices collect enough adv_ind, screening out proper network-access devices, and broadcasting aux_scan_req;
collecting enough Aux_SCAN_REQ, screening out proper non-network-access equipment, broadcasting AUX_SCAN_RSP, enabling the non-network-access equipment to collect enough AUX_SCAN_RSP, and updating own network-access information field and father node list field; simultaneously updating an available slave number field and a child node list field of the equipment;
and determining the relationship of the father and son nodes according to the son node list field and the father node list field.
Optionally, the connection mode of the parent-child node cluster comprises CIG connection or BIG synchronization.
Optionally, the selecting a suitable connection mode for the parent-child node cluster based on the multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and a preset evaluation parameter includes the following steps:
selecting transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta and time delay parameterTaking a number omicron and reliability gamma as evaluation parameters, wherein the time delay coefficient is measured by time delay tau and time delay jitter phi, and the reliability gamma is measured by packet loss epsilon, retransmission number eta and bit error rateTo measure;
by using an analytic hierarchy process, a global weight W= { omega of transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron and reliability gamma is obtained α ，ω θ ，ω ο ，ω γ Local weight x= { X of } sum delay τ, delay jitter Φ t ，x f Packet loss rate epsilon, retransmission times eta and bit error rateIs set to local weight y= { Y e ,y h ,y j }；
And (3) dividing the evaluation parameters into a lower layer and a higher layer by using a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and calculating a comprehensive judgment by combining the global weight and the local weight obtained by the analytic hierarchy process, and selecting a mode with a larger judgment value.
Optionally, the selecting the important node according to the node importance algorithm includes:
calculating the importance of the node based on an importance calculation formula of the node; the importance calculation formula is as follows:
wherein x (i) is node v i Is the importance of x (j) is node v j Is of importance, V (i) is node V i Is an outgoing edge neighbor node set, v j ∈V(i)，ω ij Is a continuous edge (v) i ,v j ) Weight value of (2);
and screening out nodes with importance greater than a preset value as important nodes.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a device networking system based on bluetooth LE audio, including a storage medium and a processor;
the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor being operative in accordance with the instructions to perform a method in accordance with any one of the methods of the first aspect
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a device networking system based on Bluetooth LE audio, which comprises a plurality of devices;
initializing information fields of all devices;
all devices broadcast a universal broadcast packet adv_ind, after receiving the adv_ind, the devices return a scanning request packet aux_scan_req, and after receiving the scanning request packet, the devices broadcast a scanning reply packet aux_scan_rsp, thereby determining a parent-child node cluster and updating a local information field;
the equipment synthesizes preset evaluation parameters according to a multi-layer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, and selects a proper connection mode for the father-son node cluster;
and after all the devices are connected to the network, selecting important nodes according to a node importance algorithm, and correcting the connection mode.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention is based on LE Audio technology, fully utilizes the characteristics of connection-oriented CIG mode and broadcast-oriented BIG mode, comprehensively considers the factors such as transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter o, reliability gamma and the like, and utilizes the multi-layer fuzzy hierarchical analysis and node importance algorithm to carry out equipment networking.
Drawings
In order that the invention may be more readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments that are illustrated in the appended drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a device networking flow diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of information interactions for completing a CIG connection in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of information interactions to accomplish BIG synchronization in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a device hierarchy diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a selection hierarchy model of one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The principle of application of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
First several broadcast packets for the networking procedure are defined:
(1) Adv_ind: and the universal broadcasting packet is used for broadcasting own basic information. The main field comprises network access information and the number of available slaves;
(2) Aux_scan_req: a broadcast packet for initiating a scan request. The main fields include a header, a scanner address, and a broadcaster address;
(3) Aux_scan_rsp: a broadcast packet for replying to the scan request. The main field includes the destination device address and connection mode.
All devices mentioned in this application are BLE devices.
The embodiment of the invention provides a device networking method based on Bluetooth LE audio, which is suitable for one device in networking, and specifically comprises the following steps:
initializing an information field of the equipment; the information field comprises a network access information field and an available slave number field; wherein, the network access information field of the information source equipment is 1, and the network access information field of the other equipment is 0; the available slave number field of the user equipment is 0, the available slave number field of the rest equipment is m, and m is the maximum number of slave equipment which can be connected with one equipment;
broadcasting a universal broadcast packet adv_ind, and receiving a scanning request packet Aux_SCAN_REQ returned by other equipment;
broadcasting a scanning reply packet AUX_SCAN_RSP, determining a parent-child node cluster, and updating an information field of the equipment;
selecting a proper connection mode for the father-son node cluster based on a multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and preset evaluation parameters, wherein the connection mode comprises CIG connection or BIG synchronization; CIG (Connected Isochronous Group) connection refers to a connection isochronous group, BIG (Broadcast Isochronous Group) connection refers to a broadcast isochronous group.
Because the CIG mode has the packet returning, compared with the BIG mode, the transmission is more reliable, when all the devices are connected to the network, important nodes are selected according to the node importance algorithm, the connection mode of the father node cluster and the son node cluster is modified, and the networking of the devices based on Bluetooth LE audio is completed.
In a specific implementation manner of this embodiment, the method for determining the parent-child node cluster includes:
broadcasting a general broadcast packet adv_ind, so that the non-network-access devices collect enough adv_ind, screening out proper network-access devices, and broadcasting aux_scan_req;
collecting enough Aux_SCAN_REQ, screening out proper non-network-access equipment, broadcasting AUX_SCAN_RSP, enabling the non-network-access equipment to collect enough AUX_SCAN_RSP, and updating own network-access information field and father node list field; simultaneously updating an available slave number field and a child node list field of the equipment;
and determining the relationship of the father and son nodes according to the son node list field and the father node list field.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment, the connection mode includes CIG connection and BIG synchronization; the method for selecting the proper connection mode for the father-son node cluster based on the multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and the preset evaluation parameters comprises the following steps:
selecting transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron and reliability gamma as evaluation parameters, wherein the time delay coefficient is measured by time delay tau and time delay jitter phi, and the reliability gamma is measured by packet loss epsilon, retransmission times eta and error rateTo measure;
by using an analytic hierarchy process, a global weight W= { omega of transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron and reliability gamma is obtained α ，ω θ ，ω ο ，ω γ Local weight x= { X of } sum delay τ, delay jitter Φ t ，x f Packet loss rate epsilon, retransmission times eta and bit error rateIs set to local weight y= { Y e ,y h ,y j }；
And (3) dividing the evaluation parameters into a lower layer and a higher layer by using a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and calculating a comprehensive judgment by combining the global weight and the local weight obtained by the analytic hierarchy process, and selecting a mode with a larger judgment value.
The importance of a node depends on both its number of outgoing edges (i.e., the degree of outgoing of the node), the importance of each outgoing edge's neighbor node, and the weight value of each outgoing edge. For this purpose, the selecting important nodes according to the node importance algorithm comprises the following steps:
calculating the importance of the node based on an importance calculation formula of the node; the importance calculation formula is as follows:
wherein x (i) is node v i Is the importance of x (j) is node v j Is of importance, V (i) is node V i Is an outgoing edge neighbor node set, v j ∈V(i)，ω ij Is a continuous edge (v) i ,v j ) Weight value of (2);
and screening out nodes with importance greater than a preset value as important nodes.
Example 2
Based on the same inventive concept as embodiment 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a device networking apparatus based on bluetooth LE audio, including:
the initialization module is used for initializing the information field of the equipment;
the first broadcasting module is used for broadcasting a general broadcasting packet adv_ind and receiving a scanning request packet Aux_SCAN_REQ returned by other equipment;
the second broadcasting module is used for broadcasting a scanning reply packet AUX_SCAN_RSP, determining a parent-child node cluster and updating an information field of the equipment;
the connection mode determining module is used for selecting a proper connection mode for the father-son node cluster based on a multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and preset evaluation parameters;
and the connection mode correction module is used for selecting important nodes according to a node importance algorithm after all the devices are connected to the network, correcting the connection mode of the parent-child node cluster and completing the networking of the devices based on Bluetooth LE audio.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, the information field comprises a network access information field and an available slave number field;
wherein, the network access information field of the information source equipment is 1, and the network access information field of the other equipment is 0;
the available slave machine number field of the user equipment is 0, and the available slave machine number field of the rest equipment is m; m is the maximum number of slaves a device can connect to.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the method for determining a parent-child node cluster includes:
broadcasting a general broadcast packet adv_ind, so that the non-network-access devices collect enough adv_ind, screening out proper network-access devices, and broadcasting aux_scan_req;
collecting enough Aux_SCAN_REQ, screening out proper non-network-access equipment, broadcasting AUX_SCAN_RSP, enabling the non-network-access equipment to collect enough AUX_SCAN_RSP, and updating own network-access information field and father node list field; simultaneously updating an available slave number field and a child node list field of the equipment;
and determining the relationship of the father and son nodes according to the son node list field and the father node list field.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, the connection mode comprises CIG connection and BIG synchronization; the method for selecting the proper connection mode for the father-son node cluster based on the multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and the preset evaluation parameters comprises the following steps:
selecting transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron and reliability gamma as evaluation parameters, wherein the time delay coefficient is measured by time delay tau and time delay jitter phi, and the reliability gamma is measured by packet loss epsilon, retransmission times eta and error rateTo measure;
by using an analytic hierarchy process, a global weight W= { omega of transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron and reliability gamma is obtained α ，ω θ ，ω ο ，ω γ Local weight x= { X of } sum delay τ, delay jitter Φ t ，x f Packet loss rate epsilon, retransmission times eta and bit error rateIs set to local weight y= { Y e ,y h ,y j }；
And (3) dividing the evaluation parameters into a lower layer and a higher layer by using a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and calculating a comprehensive judgment by combining the global weight and the local weight obtained by the analytic hierarchy process, and selecting a mode with a larger judgment value.
In a specific implementation manner of the embodiment of the present invention, the selecting the important node according to the node importance algorithm includes:
calculating the importance of the node based on an importance calculation formula of the node; the importance calculation formula is as follows:
wherein x (i) is node v i Is the importance of x (j) is node v j Is of importance of (1)Degree, V (i) is node V i Is an outgoing edge neighbor node set, v j ∈V(i)，ω ij Is a continuous edge (v) i ,v j ) Weight value of (2);
and screening out nodes with importance greater than a preset value as important nodes.
Example 3
Based on the same inventive concept as embodiment 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a device networking system based on bluetooth LE audio, including a storage medium and a processor;
the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor is operative in accordance with the instructions to perform the method of any one of the methods of the first aspect.
Example 4
The embodiment of the invention provides a device networking system based on Bluetooth LE audio, which comprises a plurality of devices;
initializing information fields of all devices; the information field comprises a network access information field and an available slave number field. The network access information field of the information source equipment is 1, and the network access information field of the other equipment is 0; the available slave number field of the user equipment is 0, and the available slave number field of the rest equipment is m; m is the maximum number of slave devices to which a device can be connected
All devices broadcast a universal broadcast packet adv_ind, after receiving the adv_ind, the devices return a scanning request packet aux_scan_req, and after receiving the scanning request packet, the devices broadcast a scanning reply packet aux_scan_rsp, thereby determining a parent-child node cluster and updating a local information field;
the equipment synthesizes preset evaluation parameters according to a multi-layer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, and selects a proper connection mode for the father-son node cluster;
and after all the devices are connected to the network, selecting important nodes according to a node importance algorithm, and correcting the connection mode.
The method according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following detailed description.
The invention is based on LE Audio technology, comprehensively considers the factors such as transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron, reliability gamma and the like, and utilizes multi-layer fuzzy hierarchical analysis and node importance algorithm to carry out Bluetooth mesh networking. The following describes the implementation method of the present invention further with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Assume that: the maximum number of slave devices to which one BLE device can be connected is M, and the maximum number of master devices to which the device can be connected as slave devices is N.
As shown in fig. 1, the whole networking process is specifically as follows:
(1) All devices initialize the network entry information field and the available slave digital segments: the network access information field of the information source equipment is 1, and the network access information fields of the other equipment are 0; the available slave digital section of the user equipment is set to 0, and the available slave digital sections of the rest equipment are set to m.
(2) Broadcasting adv_ind packets by other devices except the user device;
(3) If some device receives adv_IND broadcast packet, checking its own network access information field, if not, waiting for a certain time tau 1 After that, a sufficient number of adv_ind are collected, and the following is done for the collected adv_ind packets: if the network access information field in the adv_ind is 1 and the available slave number field is not 0, reserving; otherwise, discarding; according to the preserved RSSI value corresponding to the adv_IND, screening out n devices with the best RSSI value, and putting the device addresses of the n devices into the Aux_SCAN_REQ for broadcasting. In particular, for the user equipment, 1 device with the largest RSSI value is selected and the address is put into the aux_scan_req for broadcasting.
(4) If a device receives an Aux_SCAN_REQ broadcast packet, waiting for a certain time tau 2 Collecting enough Aux_SCAN_REQ; and selecting m devices with best RSSI values in the collected Aux_SCAN_REQ data packets, selecting a proper connection mode according to a connection mode determining algorithm based on a multi-layer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, and placing the connection mode and m device addresses into the AUX_SCAN_RSP for broadcasting. And storing the selected device address into a local field child node list, and updating the available slave number field.
(5) If a device receives an AUX_SCAN_RSP packet, waiting for a certain time tau 3 After that, enough is collectedAux_scan_rsp. If AUX_SCAN_RSP contains the address of the own equipment, the address is stored in the local field father node list, and the network access information field is changed to 1. If the AUX_SCAN_RSP does not contain the device address, discarding the AUX_SCAN_RSP. To this end, a cluster of parent-child nodes may be determined.
(6) The parent-child nodes are selected according to a connection mode selection algorithm based on a multi-layer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process. If CIG connection is selected, a child node initiates a BLE connection request to a parent node, the child node is a host, the parent node is a slave, and after connection is completed, master-slave switching is performed, and at the moment, the parent node is the host, and the child node is the slave. And then a parent node (host) initiates a CIS connection request to a child node (slave), CIS connection is established, and a CIG is formed by a plurality of CISs. If BIG synchronization is selected, the father node broadcasts AUX_SYNC_IND containing BIG Info field, and after receiving from the node, the father node completes synchronization according to the BIG Info field. The connection mode selection algorithm based on the multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process is specifically described as follows:
as shown in fig. 5, the method comprises selecting a hierarchical model, selecting transmission energy consumption α, connection time θ, time delay parameter omicron, and reliability γ as evaluation parameters, further, measuring time delay coefficient by using time delay τ and time delay jitter φ, and measuring packet loss rate ε, retransmission times η and bit error rateTo measure reliability.
(6.1) obtaining the weight of each evaluation parameter by using the analytic hierarchy process
According to the analytic hierarchy process, the global weight W= { omega of the transmission energy consumption alpha, the connection time theta, the time delay parameter omicron and the reliability gamma can be obtained α ，ω θ ，ω ο ，ω γ Local weight x= { X of } sum delay τ, delay jitter Φ t ，x f Packet loss rate epsilon, retransmission times eta and bit error rateIs set to local weight y= { Y e ,y h ,y j }。
(6.2) selecting connection modes by using a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method
According to the hierarchical model, the evaluation parameters influencing the connection mode selection are divided into lower layers and higher layers, wherein the lower layers are time delay tau, time delay jitter phi, packet loss rate epsilon, retransmission times eta and bit error rateThe high layer is transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron and reliability gamma.
Specific values of 7 evaluation parameters of BIG and CIG are set asThe membership was determined for each evaluation parameter as follows.
The transmission energy consumption alpha is a smaller and more optimal index, and the membership degree solving method is shown as a formula (2):
wherein alpha (j) is the initial value alpha (j) of the transmission energy consumption alpha max And alpha (j) min Is the maximum value and the minimum value of alpha (j), f α (j) The membership value is obtained. The same time delay tau, time delay jitter phi, packet loss rate epsilon and error rate epsilonThe connection time theta is smaller and better, and the membership degree solving method is the same as the above.
The retransmission frequency eta is an index which is larger and more optimal, and the membership degree solving method is shown as a formula (3):
the membership degree of the transmission energy consumption alpha and the connection time theta obtained through calculation is shown as a formula (4):
F＝{f α (j),f θ (j) I j=1, 2} (4)
Record f in addition α ＝{f α (j)|j＝1,2}，f θ ＝{f θ (j)|j＝1,2}。
The membership of the time delay tau and the time delay jitter phi is shown in a formula (5):
G＝{g τ (j),g φ (j) I j=1, 2} (5)
Packet loss rate epsilon, retransmission times eta and bit error rateThe membership of (2) is shown in formula (6):
(6.2.1) Low-level evaluation
The judgment matrix of the time delay tau and the time delay jitter phi is G Z ：
Packet loss rate epsilon, retransmission times and bit error rateThe judgment matrix of (1) is H Z ：
The comprehensive evaluation of the delay parameter omicrons is R:
R＝X*G z ＝{r ο (j) I j=1, 2} (9)
The comprehensive evaluation of the reliability gamma is S:
S＝Y*H z ＝{s γ (j) I j=1, 2} (10)
(6.2.2) high-level evaluation
The high-layer evaluation parameters are transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron and reliability gamma.
According to the obtained low-level comprehensive judgment, the high-level comprehensive judgment can be obtained as T:
and selecting a mode with larger value according to the high-level comprehensive judgment T comparison of BIG and CIG.
(7) And repeating the process until all the nodes are connected to the network, correcting the connection mode based on the node importance measurement algorithm, and correcting the connection mode of the important nodes to CIG. The method comprises the following steps: the child node obtains its own node importance degree measurement, if the node importance degree measurement exceeds a threshold value P, the child node actively broadcasts ADV_DIRECT_IND (directional broadcast packet for requesting connection) to the parent node, and after receiving the ADV_DIRECT_IND, the parent node initiates BLE connection and then CIS connection, and thus the correction is completed.
The node importance measurement algorithm is specifically described as follows:
based on the principle of graph theory, the formed network topology is regarded as a directed graphThe degree of the vertex is the number of edges connected with the vertex, the number of the edges of the vertex is called the degree of the vertex, and the number of the edges of the vertex is called the degree of the vertex.
The importance of a node depends on both its number of outgoing edges (i.e., the degree of outgoing of the node), the importance of each outgoing edge's neighbor nodes, and the weight value of each outgoing edge.
Let x (i) be node v i Is the importance of x (j) is node v j Is of importance, V (i) is node V i Is an outgoing edge neighbor node set, v j ∈V(i)，ω ij Is a continuous edge (v) i ,v j ) Is a weight value of (a).
Set node v j Is s, then the weight value omega ij The definition is as follows:
ω ij =1/s (12)
Node v i The importance degree of (2) is calculated as follows:
the formula shows that: node v i Is equal to node v i All outbound nodes v of (1) j The importance of (2) is multiplied by the sum of the corresponding out-edge weight values.
The specific node importance measurement algorithm is as follows:
input: parent node address and ingress s of each node;
(1) initializing the whole network, wherein x (i) =1, i=1, 2,3, k is the number of the whole network nodes;
(2) the child node calculates the weight 1/s of each link according to the number of the father nodes (degree of ingress s), and sends the weight value 1/s and the importance measure x (j) of the child node to the father nodes.
(3) The father node updates its own importance measure according to the weight value 1/s and the importance x (j) of the child node
(4) Repeating the step (2) and the step (3) until the importance measure of the source node is not changed any more, and ending the algorithm.
And (3) outputting: the importance metric x (i), i=1, 2,3,..k for each node.
Referring specifically to fig. 2 and 3, information interaction diagrams for completing CIG connection and BIG synchronization are respectively shown.
The information interaction diagram of the CIG connection in fig. 2 is specifically described as follows:
firstly, the device A SCANs an ADV_IND packet of the device B, broadcasts a scanning request packet AUX_SCAN_REQ to the device B, and returns a scanning reply packet AUX_SCAN_RSP after receiving the scanning request packet.
And then, A initiates a connection request CONNECT_IND to B, and connection is established between A and B, wherein A is a master device and B is a slave device.
The receiving performs master-slave switching: and B sends an LMP_SLOT_OFFSET and an LMP_SWITCH_REQ packet to A for initiating a master-slave switching request, wherein the A returns an LMP_ACCEPTED packet to reply, and the master-slave switching is successful, and at the moment, the A is a slave device and the B is a master device.
And finally establishing CIS connection: b sends a CIS connection request LL_CIS_REQ to A, A replies LL_CIS_RSP to B, B sends LL_CIS_IND to A, and CIS connection is successfully established;
multiple CIS connections make up a CIG connection.
The information interaction diagram of BIG synchronization in fig. 3 is specifically described as follows:
firstly, the device A SCANs an ADV_IND packet of the device B, broadcasts a scanning request packet AUX_SCAN_REQ to the device B, and returns a scanning reply packet AUX_SCAN_RSP after receiving the scanning request packet.
Then, the device B broadcasts the adv_ext_ind packet, the aux_adv_ind packet, and the aux_sync_ind packet in sequence, and the device a can complete BIG synchronization with the device B through the BIG field in the aux_sync_ind.
(8) All devices within the area can be divided into four stages so far: the first stage is information source equipment, and a mobile phone is generally used as an information source; the second stage is network head equipment, and the user forwards the data of the information source equipment; the third level is network sub-equipment, and users diffuse the data of the network head equipment to the whole network; the fourth level is a user device, and generally a bluetooth headset is used as the user device for receiving audio data of other devices, see, in particular, the device hierarchy chart of fig. 4.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (14)
1. A method for networking devices based on bluetooth LE audio, comprising:
initializing an information field of the equipment;
broadcasting a universal broadcast packet adv_ind, and receiving a scanning request packet Aux_SCAN_REQ returned by other equipment;
broadcasting a scanning reply packet AUX_SCAN_RSP, determining a parent-child node cluster, and updating an information field of the equipment;
selecting a proper connection mode for the father-son node cluster based on a multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and preset evaluation parameters;
and after all the devices are connected to the network, selecting important nodes according to a node importance algorithm, and correcting a parent-child node cluster connection mode to complete the networking of the devices based on Bluetooth LE audio.
2. The method for device networking based on bluetooth LE audio according to claim 1, wherein: the information field comprises a network access information field and an available slave number field;
wherein, the network access information field of the information source equipment is 1, and the network access information field of the other equipment is 0; the available slave number field of the user equipment is 0, the available slave number field of the rest equipment is m, and m is the maximum number of slave equipment which can be connected with one equipment.
3. The method for device networking based on bluetooth LE audio according to claim 1, wherein: the method for determining the parent-child node cluster comprises the following steps:
broadcasting a general broadcast packet adv_ind, so that the non-network-access devices collect enough adv_ind, screening out proper network-access devices, and broadcasting aux_scan_req;
collecting enough Aux_SCAN_REQ, screening out proper non-network-access equipment, broadcasting AUX_SCAN_RSP, enabling the non-network-access equipment to collect enough AUX_SCAN_RSP, and updating own network-access information field and father node list field; simultaneously updating an available slave number field and a child node list field of the equipment;
and determining the relationship of the father and son nodes according to the son node list field and the father node list field.
4. The method for device networking based on bluetooth LE audio according to claim 1, wherein: the connection mode of the parent-child node cluster comprises CIG connection or BIG synchronization.
5. The method for device networking based on bluetooth LE audio as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the method for selecting the proper connection mode for the father-son node cluster based on the multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and the preset evaluation parameters comprises the following steps:
selecting transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron and reliability gamma as evaluation parameters, wherein the time delay parameter is measured by time delay tau and time delay jitter phi, and the reliability gamma is measured by packet loss epsilon, retransmission times eta and error rateTo measure;
by using an analytic hierarchy process, a global weight W= { omega of transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron and reliability gamma is obtained α ，ω θ ，ω ο ，ω γ Local weight x= { X of } sum delay τ, delay jitter Φ t ，x f Packet loss rate epsilon, retransmission times eta and bit error rateIs set to local weight y= { Y e ,y h ,y j }；
And (3) dividing the evaluation parameters into a lower layer and a higher layer by using a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and calculating a comprehensive judgment by combining the global weight and the local weight obtained by the analytic hierarchy process, and selecting a mode with a larger judgment value.
6. The method for device networking based on bluetooth LE audio according to claim 1, wherein: the selecting important nodes according to the node importance algorithm comprises the following steps:
calculating the importance of the node based on an importance calculation formula of the node; the importance calculation formula is as follows:
wherein x (i) is node v i Is the importance of x (j) is node v j Is of importance, V (i) is node V i Is an outgoing edge neighbor node set, v j ∈V(i)，ω ij Is a continuous edge (v) i ,v j ) Weight value of (2);
and screening out nodes with importance greater than a preset value as important nodes.
7. A bluetooth LE audio based device networking apparatus, comprising:
the initialization module is used for initializing the information field of the equipment;
the first broadcasting module is used for broadcasting a general broadcasting packet adv_ind and receiving a scanning request packet Aux_SCAN_REQ returned by other equipment;
the second broadcasting module is used for broadcasting a scanning reply packet AUX_SCAN_RSP, determining a parent-child node cluster and updating an information field of the equipment;
the connection mode determining module is used for selecting a proper connection mode for the father-son node cluster based on a multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and preset evaluation parameters;
and the connection mode correction module is used for selecting important nodes according to a node importance algorithm after all the devices are connected to the network, correcting the connection mode of the parent-child node cluster and completing the networking of the devices based on Bluetooth LE audio.
8. A bluetooth LE audio based device networking means according to claim 7, wherein the information fields include a networking information field and an available number of slaves field;
wherein, the network access information field of the information source equipment is 1, and the network access information field of the other equipment is 0; the available slave number field of the user equipment is 0, the available slave number field of the rest equipment is m, and m is the maximum number of slave equipment which can be connected with one equipment.
9. The device networking apparatus based on bluetooth LE audio according to claim 7, wherein the method for determining the parent-child node cluster comprises:
broadcasting a general broadcast packet adv_ind, so that the non-network-access devices collect enough adv_ind, screening out proper network-access devices, and broadcasting aux_scan_req;
collecting enough Aux_SCAN_REQ, screening out proper non-network-access equipment, broadcasting AUX_SCAN_RSP, enabling the non-network-access equipment to collect enough AUX_SCAN_RSP, and updating own network-access information field and father node list field; simultaneously updating an available slave number field and a child node list field of the equipment;
and determining the relationship of the father and son nodes according to the son node list field and the father node list field.
10. The device networking apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the connection mode of the parent-child node cluster includes CIG connection or BIG synchronization.
11. The device networking apparatus based on bluetooth LE audio according to claim 10, wherein the selecting a suitable connection mode for the parent-child node cluster based on the multilayer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process and a preset evaluation parameter comprises the following steps:
selecting transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron and reliability gamma as evaluation parameters, wherein the time delay parameter is measured by time delay tau and time delay jitter phi, and the reliability gamma is measured by packet loss epsilon, retransmission times eta and error rateTo measure;
by using an analytic hierarchy process, a global weight W= { omega of transmission energy consumption alpha, connection time theta, time delay parameter omicron and reliability gamma is obtained α ，ω θ ，ω ο ，ω γ Local weight x= { X of } sum delay τ, delay jitter Φ t ，x f Packet loss rate epsilon, retransmission times eta and bit error rateIs set to local weight y= { Y e ,y h ,y j }；
And (3) dividing the evaluation parameters into a lower layer and a higher layer by using a multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and calculating a comprehensive judgment by combining the global weight and the local weight obtained by the analytic hierarchy process, and selecting a mode with a larger judgment value.
12. The bluetooth LE audio based device networking apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the selecting important nodes according to the node importance algorithm comprises:
calculating the importance of the node based on an importance calculation formula of the node; the importance calculation formula is as follows:
wherein x (i) is node v i Is the importance of x (j) is node v j Is of importance, V (i) is node V i Is an outgoing edge neighbor node set, v j ∈V(i)，ω ij Is a continuous edge (v) i ,v j ) Weight value of (2);
and screening out nodes with importance greater than a preset value as important nodes.
13. The utility model provides a device networking system based on bluetooth LE audio which characterized in that: including a storage medium and a processor;
the storage medium is used for storing instructions;
the processor is operative to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-6.
14. The utility model provides a device networking system based on bluetooth LE audio which characterized in that: comprises a plurality of devices;
initializing information fields of all devices;
all devices broadcast a universal broadcast packet adv_ind, after receiving the adv_ind, the devices return a scanning request packet aux_scan_req, and after receiving the scanning request packet, the devices broadcast a scanning reply packet aux_scan_rsp, thereby determining a parent-child node cluster and updating a local information field;
the equipment synthesizes preset evaluation parameters according to a multi-layer fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, and selects a proper connection mode for the father-son node cluster;
and after all the devices are connected to the network, selecting important nodes according to a node importance algorithm, and correcting the connection mode.
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