CN115020033A - Flexible transparent conductive wood-based film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Flexible transparent conductive wood-based film and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible transparent conductive wood-based film, which is prepared by the following method: s1, immersing the rotary-cut wood slices into delignification reaction solution, heating and stirring the solution under a sealed condition for reaction, removing black liquor after the reaction is finished, and cleaning the wood slices by using deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone in sequence; s2, clamping the processed wood thin sheet between two hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene thin films, and placing the wood thin sheet under a hot press for hot pressing treatment to obtain a compressed wood thin film; s3, using the compressed wood film as a substrate material, and coating a layer of polymerizable eutectic solvent on the surface of the substrate; s4, placing the eutectic solvent-wood composite film under an ultraviolet lamp for irradiation and curing to obtain the flexible transparent conductive wood-based film. The film has the advantages of good flexibility, high light transmittance, strong mechanical property and good conductivity, and has wide application prospect for biomass-based composite film materials with high added value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of composite materials, and particularly relates to a flexible transparent conductive wood-based film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Recently, the proliferation of commercial optoelectronic devices, such as liquid crystal displays, touch panels, photovoltaics, and organic light emitting diodes, has required transparent conductive films. The most widely and well studied transparent conductive thin film material is indium tin oxide. The transparent conductively doped metal oxide in the industry can be either a p-type or n-type semiconductor. Although indium tin oxide has excellent photoelectric properties, high light transmittance: (>85%), low sheet resistance (R) s ) (ranging from 10 to 100. omega. sq –1 ) There are still a series of disadvantages: (1) the scarcity and high cost of indium; (2) brittle/ceramic properties, such as fracture at relatively low strains, mechanical degradation upon cyclic bending; (3) the service life is limited: in some cases, a direct result of the performance degradation is indium diffusion into and corrosion of the active layers of the photovoltaic device and itself by exposure to small amounts of binders and acids in the environment; (4) the production cost is high: the manufacturing methods of the thin film are various, including screen printing, molecular beam epitaxy, magnetron sputtering, sol-gel technology, and pulsed laser deposition, but most of these methods either require a large amount of energy consumption due to high temperature conditions or waste raw materials due to low deposition efficiency.
To cope with global climate change, resource shortage, waste disposal, and the like, people are paying more and more attention to the development of environmental protection and renewable materials. As a raw material, wood is a sustainable, renewable and biodegradable environmentally friendly raw material, which has been used as an engineering material for thousands of years and is still widely used in various places of life today, such as in the fields of paper making, textile processing, construction, furniture, and the like. More recently, wood-based materials are increasingly considered as a bio-based template to impart new properties, and these wood-derived materials are ready to be explored for new technological applications in the fields of electronics, biomedical devices and energy. Much effort has been expended in the preparation of flexible or printable electronics on paper, as compared to silicon-based or plastic-based electronics, which have excellent flexibility, low cost, light weight, inertness, recyclability, and high mechanical strength. However, the porous structure, high surface roughness, optical opacity, or energy intensive manufacturing of typical paper produced cannot meet all the requirements of the next generation of "green" electronics. In order to overcome these problems and expand the opportunity of using cellulose as a substrate for electronic device main bodies, the concept of "transparent wood" has been left out.
From the composition point of view, wood is mainly composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. By removing the lignin component from the three components, it is difficult to obtain a wood cellulose film similar to paper. In terms of microstructure, the fibers in the wood cellulose film are highly oriented and have anisotropy. In the direction of cellulose growth, consisting of a large number of nanofibers, this also results in wood having very high mechanical properties in this direction. Meanwhile, as a renewable environment-friendly raw material, the wood film substrate also has good biocompatibility and no toxicity. These characteristics all indicate that wood is a very potential flexible electrode substrate material.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects and problems in the prior art, the invention provides the preparation method of the flexible transparent conductive wood-based film, which has the advantages of simple process, relatively mild reaction conditions, low material preparation cost and easy industrialization.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a flexible transparent conductive wood-based film comprises the following steps:
s1, immersing the rotary-cut wood slices into delignification reaction solution, heating and stirring the solution under a sealed condition for reaction, removing black liquor after the reaction is finished, and cleaning the wood slices by using deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone in sequence;
s2, clamping the processed wood thin sheet between two hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene thin films, and placing the wood thin sheet under a hot press for hot pressing treatment to obtain a compressed wood thin film;
s3, using the compressed wood film as a substrate material, and coating a layer of polymerizable eutectic solvent on the surface of the substrate;
s4, placing the eutectic solvent-wood composite film under an ultraviolet lamp for irradiation and curing to obtain the flexible transparent conductive wood-based film.
Preferably, the thickness of the rotary-cut wooden sheet in the step S1 is 0.01mm to 0.5 mm.
Preferably, the delignification reaction solution in the step S1 is a sodium chlorite solution with the weight percent of 1-5%, and the pH value is adjusted to 3-5 by glacial acetic acid.
Preferably, the heating temperature for the heating and stirring reaction under the sealed condition in the step S1 is 50-90 ℃, and the reaction time is 4-24 h.
Preferably, the hot pressing temperature of the hot pressing treatment in the step S2 is 30-50 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 0.3MPa-2MPa, and the hot pressing time is 12h-48 h.
Preferably, the photopolymerizable eutectic solvent is prepared by heating, stirring and mixing choline chloride and acrylamide uniformly, cooling to room temperature, adding N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and 1173 photoinitiator, and stirring and dissolving completely.
Preferably, the mol ratio of the choline chloride to the acrylamide is 1 (2-6), the mol ratio of the acrylamide to the N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide is 100 (1-2), and the 1173 photoinitiator accounts for 1% of the mass of the mixed system.
Preferably, the heating temperature of the choline chloride and the acrylamide is 90 ℃, and the stirring time is 4 h.
Preferably, the light source of the ultraviolet lamp is 365nm, and the irradiation curing time is 10s-1 min.
In order to overcome the defects and problems in the prior art, the invention also provides a flexible transparent conductive wood-based film, which is prepared by the method.
The light absorption part-lignin in the wood material can be removed by the wood flake under the action of the delignification reaction solution, and the pigment is removed, so that white wood flake can be obtained, and most of the content of the flake only remains cellulose. Under low-temperature compression, pipelines and pore channels of the wood sheets are extremely compressed into nano-pore sizes or disappear, and due to the interaction of cellulose and water in the compression process, a large number of hydrogen bonds exist among cellulose in the finally compressed wood film to generate interaction, so that the wood film has ultrahigh mechanical properties. The pore diameter of light reflection or refraction disappears, so that the wood film substrate has good light transmittance, some residual pore channel structures of the wood film are further filled after the surface of the wood film is coated with the polymerizable eutectic solvent, and the polyacrylamide and wood cellulose have approximate light refractive index, so that the composite material has ultrahigh transparency after being cured under an ultraviolet lamp. Because the polymerizable eutectic solvent has the characteristic of flexible conductivity, the polymerizable eutectic solvent is compounded with the wood film, so that the composite material has ultrahigh transparency, conductivity and flexibility. The wood film has the advantages of light weight, low cost, simple and green manufacturing process, suitability for large-scale production, and wide application prospect in the fields of flexible displays, organic light-emitting diodes, energy storage devices, solar cells, electromagnetic shielding, wearable sensors and the like.
The conductive component is a low-cost photopolymerisable eutectic solvent, so that the manufacturing cost is low; the wood film is used as the substrate, so that the dependence on materials such as metal, glass, plastic, non-degradable polymers and the like is reduced, the wood film has good mechanical property, and the transparent conductive film can be endowed with excellent mechanical property by the hydrogen bond combination between the eutectic solvent and the wood material.
The method has the advantages of simple preparation process, mild reaction conditions, low requirements on equipment, contribution to industrial production, low raw material cost, reproducibility, no toxicity and environmental protection.
The composite material prepared by the method has good flexibility, high light transmittance, strong mechanical property and good conductivity, is a biomass-based composite thin film material with high added value, and has wide application prospect in the fields of flexible displays, organic light emitting diodes, energy storage devices, solar cells, electromagnetic shielding, wearable sensors and the like.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples in order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art.
Example one
The preparation method of the flexible transparent conductive wood-based film of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, placing rotary-cut wooden slices with the thickness of 0.1mm into a container filled with 1 wt% of sodium chlorite aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value to 3 by using glacial acetic acid, sealing a preservative film to enable the container to be in a closed state, slowly stirring and heating for 4 hours at the temperature of 50 ℃, pouring out black liquor, leaving the wooden slices, and then sequentially cleaning the wooden slices by using deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone to obtain the wooden slices with partial delignification removed.
And then, clamping the treated wood slice between two hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene films, putting the wood slice into a hot press for hot pressing treatment, wherein the treatment temperature is 30 ℃, the pressure is 0.3MPa, and the hot pressing is carried out for 12 hours. And (3) peeling the hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane after hot pressing to obtain the compressed wood thin film.
Next, a photopolymerizable eutectic solvent was brushed on the surface of the compressed wood film with a brush. The photopolymerisable eutectic solvent is prepared by adopting the following method: stirring and heating a mixed system of choline chloride and acrylamide in a molar ratio of 1:2 at 90 ℃ for 4 hours, adding N, N-methylene bisacrylamide in a molar ratio of acrylamide to N, N-methylene bisacrylamide in a molar ratio of 100:1, adding 1173 photoinitiator accounting for 1% of the mass of the whole mixed system, and stirring at normal temperature until the N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and the 1173 photoinitiator are dissolved to obtain the polymerizable cosolvent.
And then, placing the coated wood film between two glass plates adhered with release films, clamping by using a clamp, irradiating for 10s under a 365nm UV lamp, and peeling from the glass plates to obtain the flexible transparent conductive wood film.
The prepared flexible transparent conductive wood film is subjected to performance test, the conductivity of the flexible transparent conductive wood film is 0.18Sm-1, the light transmittance is 90%, and the maximum tensile stress in the cellulose length direction is 450MPa, so that the flexible transparent conductive wood film meets the use requirements of related application fields.
Example two
The preparation method of the flexible transparent conductive wood-based film of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, placing rotary-cut wooden slices with the thickness of 0.3mm into a container filled with 3 wt% of sodium chlorite aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value to 4 by using glacial acetic acid, sealing a preservative film to ensure that the container is in a closed state, slowly stirring and heating for 12 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃, pouring out black liquor to leave the wooden slices, and then sequentially cleaning the wooden slices by using deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone to obtain the wooden slices with partial lignin removed.
And then, clamping the treated wood slice between two hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene films, putting the wood slice into a hot press for hot pressing treatment, wherein the treatment temperature is 40 ℃, the pressure is 1MPa, and the wood slice is hot pressed for 24 hours. And (3) peeling the hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane after hot pressing to obtain the compressed wood thin film.
Next, a photopolymerizable eutectic solvent was brushed on the surface of the compressed wood film with a brush. The photopolymerizable eutectic solvent is prepared by the following method: stirring and heating a mixed system of choline chloride and acrylamide in a molar ratio of 1:4 at 90 ℃ for 4 hours, adding N, N-methylene bisacrylamide in a molar ratio of acrylamide to N, N-methylene bisacrylamide of 100:1.5, adding 1173 photoinitiator accounting for 1% of the total mixed system by mass, and stirring at normal temperature until the N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and the 1173 photoinitiator are dissolved to obtain the polymerizable cosolvent.
And then, placing the coated wood film between two glass plates pasted with release films, clamping by using a clamp, irradiating for 40s under a 365nm UV lamp, and peeling from the glass plates to obtain the flexible transparent conductive wood film.
The prepared flexible transparent conductive wood film is subjected to performance test, the conductivity of the flexible transparent conductive wood film is 0.08Sm < -1 >, the light transmittance is 85 percent, the maximum tensile stress in the cellulose length direction is 530Mpa, and the use requirements of related application fields are met.
EXAMPLE III
The preparation method of the flexible transparent conductive wood-based film of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, placing rotary-cut wooden slices with the thickness of 0.5mm into a container filled with 5 wt% of sodium chlorite aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value to 5 by using glacial acetic acid, sealing a preservative film to enable the container to be in a closed state, slowly stirring and heating for 24 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃, pouring out black liquor, leaving the wooden slices, and then sequentially washing the wooden slices by using deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone to obtain the wooden slices with partial delignification removed.
And then, clamping the treated wood slice between two hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene films, and putting the wood slice into a hot press for hot pressing treatment, wherein the treatment temperature is 50 ℃, the pressure is 2MPa, and the hot pressing is carried out for 48 hours. And (3) peeling the hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane after hot pressing to obtain the compressed wood thin film.
Next, a photopolymerizable eutectic solvent was brushed on the surface of the compressed wood film with a brush. The photopolymerizable eutectic solvent is prepared by the following method: stirring and heating a mixed system of choline chloride and acrylamide in a molar ratio of 1:6 at 90 ℃ for 4 hours, adding N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide in a molar ratio of 100:2, adding 1173 photoinitiator accounting for 1% of the mass of the whole mixed system, and stirring at normal temperature until the N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide and the 1173 photoinitiator are dissolved to obtain the polymerizable cosolvent.
And then, placing the coated wood film between two glass plates pasted with release films, clamping by using a clamp, irradiating for 1min under a 365nm UV lamp, and peeling from the glass plates to obtain the flexible transparent conductive wood film.
The prepared flexible transparent conductive wood film is subjected to performance test, the conductivity of the flexible transparent conductive wood film is 0.05Sm < -1 >, the light transmittance is 82%, and the maximum tensile stress in the cellulose length direction is 580Mpa, so that the flexible transparent conductive wood film meets the use requirements of related application fields.
Example four
The preparation method of the flexible transparent conductive wood-based film of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, placing rotary-cut wooden slices with the thickness of 0.1mm into a container filled with 4 wt% of sodium chlorite aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value to 4.6 by using glacial acetic acid, sealing a preservative film to enable the container to be in a closed state, slowly stirring and heating for 24 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃, pouring off black liquor, leaving the wooden slices, and then sequentially washing the wooden slices by using deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone to obtain the wooden slices with partial delignification removed.
And then, clamping the treated wood slice between two hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene films, putting the wood slice into a hot press for hot pressing treatment, wherein the treatment temperature is 30 ℃, the pressure is 1MPa, and the wood slice is hot pressed for 24 hours. And (3) peeling the hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane after hot pressing to obtain the compressed wood thin film.
Next, a photopolymerizable eutectic solvent was brushed on the surface of the compressed wood film with a brush. The photopolymerisable eutectic solvent is prepared by adopting the following method: stirring and heating a mixed system of choline chloride and acrylamide in a molar ratio of 1:2 at 90 ℃ for 4 hours, adding N, N-methylene bisacrylamide in a molar ratio of acrylamide to N, N-methylene bisacrylamide in a molar ratio of 100:2, adding 1173 photoinitiator accounting for 1% of the mass of the whole mixed system, and stirring at normal temperature until the N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and the 1173 photoinitiator are dissolved to obtain the polymerizable cosolvent.
And then, placing the coated wood film between two glass plates pasted with release films, clamping by using a clamp, irradiating for 10s under a 365nm UV lamp, and peeling from the glass plates to obtain the flexible transparent conductive wood film.
The prepared flexible transparent conductive wood film is subjected to performance test, the conductivity of the flexible transparent conductive wood film is 0.18Sm-1, the light transmittance is 92%, and the maximum tensile stress in the cellulose length direction is 520Mpa, so that the flexible transparent conductive wood film meets the use requirements of related application fields.
EXAMPLE five
The preparation method of the flexible transparent conductive wood-based film of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, placing rotary-cut wooden slices with the thickness of 0.2mm into a container filled with 2 wt% of sodium chlorite aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value to 4 by using glacial acetic acid, sealing a preservative film to enable the container to be in a closed state, slowly stirring and heating for 5 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃, pouring out black liquor, leaving the wooden slices, and then sequentially cleaning the wooden slices by using deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone to obtain the wooden slices with partial lignin removed.
And then, clamping the treated wood slice between two hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene films, putting the wood slice into a hot press for hot pressing treatment, wherein the treatment temperature is 30 ℃, the pressure is 0.5MPa, and the hot pressing is carried out for 12 hours. And (3) peeling the hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane after hot pressing to obtain the compressed wood thin film.
Next, a photopolymerizable eutectic solvent was brushed on the surface of the compressed wood film with a brush. The photopolymerizable eutectic solvent is prepared by the following method: stirring and heating a mixed system of choline chloride and acrylamide in a molar ratio of 1:4 at 90 ℃ for 4 hours, adding N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide in a molar ratio of acrylamide to N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide in a molar ratio of 100:2, adding 1173 photoinitiator accounting for 1% of the mass of the whole mixed system, and stirring at normal temperature until the N, N-methylene-bisacrylamide and the 1173 photoinitiator are dissolved to obtain the polymerizable cosolvent.
And then, placing the coated wood film between two glass plates pasted with release films, clamping by using a clamp, irradiating for 10s under a 365nm UV lamp, and peeling from the glass plates to obtain the flexible transparent conductive wood film.
The prepared flexible transparent conductive wood film is subjected to performance test, the conductivity of the flexible transparent conductive wood film is 0.09Sm-1, the light transmittance is 88%, and the maximum tensile stress in the cellulose length direction is 480MPa, so that the flexible transparent conductive wood film meets the use requirements of related application fields.
EXAMPLE six
The preparation method of the flexible transparent conductive wood-based film of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
firstly, placing rotary-cut wooden slices with the thickness of 0.5mm into a container filled with 5 wt% of sodium chlorite aqueous solution, adjusting the pH value to 3 by using glacial acetic acid, sealing a preservative film to enable the container to be in a closed state, slowly stirring and heating for 24 hours at the temperature of 70 ℃, pouring off black liquor to leave the wooden slices, and then sequentially washing the wooden slices by using deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone to obtain the wooden slices with partial delignification removed.
And then, clamping the treated wood slice between two hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene films, putting the wood slice into a hot press for hot pressing treatment, wherein the treatment temperature is 30 ℃, the pressure is 1.5MPa, and the hot pressing is carried out for 48 hours. And (3) peeling the hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene membrane after hot pressing to obtain the compressed wood thin film.
Next, a photopolymerizable eutectic solvent was brushed on the surface of the compressed wood film with a brush. The photopolymerizable eutectic solvent is prepared by the following method: stirring and heating a mixed system of choline chloride and acrylamide in a molar ratio of 1:3 at 90 ℃ for 4 hours, adding N, N-methylene bisacrylamide in a molar ratio of acrylamide to N, N-methylene bisacrylamide in a molar ratio of 100:2, adding 1173 photoinitiator accounting for 1% of the mass of the whole mixed system, and stirring at normal temperature until the N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and the 1173 photoinitiator are dissolved to obtain the polymerizable cosolvent.
And then, placing the coated wood film between two glass plates pasted with release films, clamping by using a clamp, irradiating for 10s under a 365nm UV lamp, and peeling from the glass plates to obtain the flexible transparent conductive wood film.
The prepared flexible transparent conductive wood film is subjected to performance test, the conductivity of the flexible transparent conductive wood film is 0.12Sm < -1 >, the light transmittance is 80 percent, and the maximum tensile stress load in the cellulose length direction is 560MPa, so that the flexible transparent conductive wood film meets the use requirements of related application fields.
The above embodiments are preferred implementations of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any obvious alternative is within the scope of the present invention without departing from the inventive concept thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a flexible transparent conductive wood-based film comprises the following steps:
s1, immersing the rotary-cut wood slices into delignification reaction solution, heating and stirring the solution under a sealed condition for reaction, removing black liquor after the reaction is finished, and cleaning the wood slices by using deionized water, absolute ethyl alcohol and acetone in sequence;
s2, clamping the processed wood thin sheet between two hydrophilic polytetrafluoroethylene thin films, and placing the wood thin sheet under a hot press for hot pressing treatment to obtain a compressed wood thin film;
s3, using the compressed wood film as a substrate material, and coating a layer of polymerizable eutectic solvent on the surface of the substrate;
s4, placing the eutectic solvent-wood composite film under an ultraviolet lamp for irradiation and curing to obtain the flexible transparent conductive wood-based film.
2. The method for preparing a flexible transparent conductive wood-based film according to claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the rotary-cut wood slice in the step S1 is 0.01mm-0.5 mm.
3. The method for preparing a flexible transparent conductive wood-based film according to claim 2, wherein: the delignification reaction solution in the step S1 is 1 wt% -5 wt% sodium chlorite solution, and the pH value is adjusted to 3-5 by glacial acetic acid.
4. The method for preparing a flexible transparent conductive wood-based film according to claim 3, wherein: in the step S1, the heating temperature for heating and stirring reaction under the sealed condition is 50-90 ℃, and the reaction time is 4-24 h.
5. The method for preparing a flexible transparent conductive wood-based film according to claim 1, wherein: the hot pressing temperature of the hot pressing treatment in the step S2 is 30-50 ℃, the hot pressing pressure is 0.3MPa-2MPa, and the hot pressing time is 12h-48 h.
6. The method for preparing a flexible transparent conductive wood-based film according to claim 1, wherein: the photopolymerizable eutectic solvent is prepared by the following method, namely choline chloride and acrylamide are heated, stirred and mixed uniformly, then the mixture is cooled to room temperature, then N, N-methylene bisacrylamide and 1173 photoinitiator are added, and the mixture is stirred and dissolved completely.
7. The method for preparing a flexible transparent conductive wood-based film according to claim 6, wherein: the mol ratio of the choline chloride to the acrylamide is 1 (2-6), the mol ratio of the acrylamide to the N, N-methylene bisacrylamide is 100 (1-2), and the 1173 photoinitiator accounts for 1% of the mass of the mixed system.
8. The method for preparing a flexible transparent conductive wood-based film according to claim 7, wherein: the heating temperature of the choline chloride and the acrylamide is 90 ℃, and the stirring time is 4 h.
9. The method for preparing a flexible transparent conductive wood-based film according to claim 1, wherein: the light source of the ultraviolet lamp is 365nm, and the irradiation curing time is 10s-1 min.
10. A flexible transparent conductive wood-based film is characterized in that: prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-9.
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CN116567945A (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-08-08 | 南京林业大学 | Conductive flexible transparent wood film, electronic device and preparation method |
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CN116567945A (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-08-08 | 南京林业大学 | Conductive flexible transparent wood film, electronic device and preparation method |
CN116567945B (en) * | 2023-05-18 | 2024-03-22 | 南京林业大学 | Conductive flexible transparent wood film, electronic device and preparation method |
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