CN115018129A - Method for predicting rupture rotation speed of dissimilar material welding rotor by considering residual stress influence - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for predicting the fracture rotation speed of a dissimilar material welding rotor by considering the influence of residual stress, and belongs to the technical field of the fracture rotation speed of a rotating structure. The method comprises the following steps: s1: welding a rotor by using a different material to divide a zone; s2: respectively constructing engineering stress-strain curve constitutive structures in different areas; s3: converting into a true stress-strain curve; s4: carrying out a residual stress test; s5: converting the residual stress result into a residual stress distribution field; s6: and taking the residual stress distribution field as initial stress, carrying out elastoplasticity analysis by using a true stress-strain curve to obtain the stress strain of the welded rotor, and obtaining the final fracture rotating speed according to the failure strain criterion. The method is based on the stress distribution characteristics of welding, the residual stress distribution of a welding area and the material constitutive characteristics of the welding area are considered, the method for predicting the fracture rotation speed of the welding rotor applicable to engineering is provided, the analysis errors of the fracture rotation speed are less than 6%, and the calculation precision meets the engineering requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rotating structure fracture rotating speed, and particularly relates to a method for predicting the fracture rotating speed of a dissimilar material welding rotor by considering residual stress influence.
Background
The present method for calculating the circumferential rupture speed of welded rotor (homogeneous disk) is the average stress method
Shown in the formula, wherein sigma b Is the stretch limit of the material;
calculating the average stress; np is the burst rotation speed reserve.
However, for non-uniform materials, especially for welded rotors with welding residual stress, due to the influence of the welding residual stress, the welded rotors have initial residual stress, so that the initial stress distribution of the welded rotors is non-uniform, and the risk of local cracking of a drum exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for predicting a burst rotational speed of a dissimilar material welded rotor in consideration of an influence of residual stress, the method including the steps of:
s1: dividing a dissimilar material welding rotor into a first base material area, a second base material area, a welding area, a first heat affected zone between the first base material area and the welding area, and a second heat affected zone between the second base material area and the welding area;
s2: respectively constructing engineering stress-strain curve constitutive structures in different areas;
s3: converting the engineering stress-strain curve constitutive of the S2 structure into a true stress-strain curve;
s4: carrying out a residual stress test;
s5: converting the residual stress result obtained by the S4 test into a residual stress distribution field;
s6: and (4) taking the residual stress distribution field obtained in the step (S5) as an initial stress, carrying out elastoplasticity analysis by using a true stress-strain curve obtained in the step (S3) to obtain the stress strain of the welded rotor, and obtaining the final fracture rotating speed according to a failure strain criterion.
The method for predicting the cracking rotating speed of the dissimilar material welding rotor considering the residual stress influence, provided by the invention, is further characterized in that the S2 comprises the following steps:
s2.1: respectively acquiring engineering stress-strain curves of a first base material area and a second base material area;
s2.2, acquiring a hardness test value of the welding joint sample; the welding process of the welding joint is the same as that of the dissimilar material welding rotor
S2.3: constructing an engineering stress-strain curve of a welding area through the engineering stress-strain curve of the first base material area and the engineering stress-strain curve of the second base material area obtained in the S2.1 and the hardness test value of the welded joint sample;
s2.4: and constructing the engineering stress-strain curves of the first heat affected zone and the second heat affected zone through the distance parameter of the heat affected zone from the base metal, the engineering stress-strain curve of the first base metal zone, the engineering stress-strain curve of the second base metal zone and the hardness test value of the welded joint sample.
The method for predicting the fracture rotating speed of the dissimilar material welding rotor considering the residual stress influence, provided by the invention, is also characterized in that S2.3 comprises the following steps: the engineering stress-strain curve of the weld zone is as follows:
ε＝2σ/(E mc1 +E mc2 )，
σ≤σ 0.2，3 ；
wherein E is mc1 Is the modulus of elasticity of the first parent material region, E mc2 Is the elastic modulus, σ, of the second parent material region b，1 The tensile strength of the first parent material region; sigma 0.2，1 Is the yield strength of the first parent metal region; sigma FS，1 The breaking strength of the first base material region; sigma b，2 The tensile strength of the second parent material area; sigma 0.2，2 The yield strength of the second base material region; sigma FS，2 The breaking strength of the second base material region;
σ b，3 ＝H 3 /(H 1 +H 2 )·(σ b，1 +σ b，2 )；
σ 0.2，3 ＝H 3 /(H 1 +H 2 )·(σ 0.2，1 +σ 0.2，2 )；
σ FS.3 ＝H 3 /(H 1 +H 2 )·(σ FS.1 +σ FS.2 )
wherein H 1 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the first base material area is obtained; h 2 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the second base material area is obtained; h 3 The hardness of the weld zone is averaged.
The method for predicting the fracture rotating speed of the dissimilar material welding rotor considering the residual stress influence, provided by the invention, is also characterized in that S2.4 comprises the following steps: the engineering stress-strain curve of the heat affected zone is as follows:
ε＝2σ/(E mc1 +E mc2 )，σ≤σ 0.2，3 ；
wherein E is mc1 Is the modulus of elasticity of the first parent material region, E mc2 Is the elastic modulus, σ, of the second parent material region b，1 The tensile strength of the first parent material region; sigma 0.2，1 Is the yield strength of the first parent material region; sigma FS，1 The breaking strength of the first base material region; sigma b，2 The tensile strength of the second parent material area; sigma 0.2，2 The yield strength of the second base material region; sigma FS，2 The breaking strength of the second base material region;
wherein σ in the first heat affected zone b，3 、σ 0.2，3 And σ FS，3 The values of (A) are respectively as follows:
σ in the second heat-affected zone b，3 、σ 0.2，3 And σ FS，3 The values of (A) are respectively as follows:
wherein H 1 Is a first femaleThe average hardness value of the measuring point positions of the material areas; h 2 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the second base material area is obtained; h 3 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the welding area is taken as the hardness average value; l is 1 Is the width of the first heat affected zone; l is 1，r Is a variable and is expressed as the distance between different positions of the first heat affected zone and the welding zone; l is 2 Is the width of the second heat affected zone; l is 2，r Is a variable, is the distance of the second heat influence from the weld zone.
The method for predicting the cracking rotating speed of the dissimilar material welding rotor considering the residual stress influence, provided by the invention, has the characteristics that the true stress-strain curve converted in the S3 is as follows:
before necking down:
after necking down:
wherein σ nom 、ε nom Engineering stress and engineering strain; sigma true 、ε true True stress, true strain; sigma FS The fracture stress of the engineering stress-strain curve of each subarea; epsilon FS The corresponding fracture strain under the fracture stress of the engineering stress-strain curve of each region is shown.
The method for predicting the rupture rotating speed of the dissimilar material welding rotor considering the residual stress influence also has the characteristic that the residual stress measuring points of each area are not less than 3 in the axial direction and not less than 6 in the circumferential direction.
The method for predicting the cracking rotating speed of the dissimilar material welding rotor considering the residual stress influence also has the characteristic that the residual stress distribution field is obtained through a shape function method according to the residual stress test result obtained in S4.
The method for predicting the burst speed of the dissimilar material welding rotor considering the residual stress influence further has the characteristic that in the step S6, when the strain of the local position of each partition of the welding rotor satisfies the following formula, the corresponding speed is the final burst speed
ε sx ＝k f ·ε f，ture
In the formula: epsilon f Failure strain to fracture;
k is a correction coefficient, and k is more than 0.5 and less than 1;
ε f，true the fracture strain at the true stress-strain curve of each section is used.
Advantageous effects
The method for predicting the fracture rotation speed of the dissimilar material welded rotor considering the residual stress influence, provided by the invention, considers the residual stress distribution of a welding area and the material constitutive characteristics of the welding area, and provides a method for predicting the fracture rotation speed of the welded rotor applicable to engineering, wherein the fracture rotation speed analysis errors are less than 6%, and the calculation precision meets the engineering requirements.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a weld location in a prediction method in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of engineering stress strain curves for an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of hardness test results for different weld zones in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the heat affected zone and the weld zone distance zone in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of engineering stress-strain and true stress-strain curves in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of locations of residual stress test points in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a residual stress test position in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a welded rotor structure.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, but it should be understood that these embodiments are not limited to the invention, and that functional, methodological, or structural equivalents thereof, which are equivalent or substituted by those of ordinary skill in the art, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "central", "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only used for convenience in describing and simplifying the description of the present invention, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to a number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally coupled; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present embodiment provides a method for predicting a burst rotation speed of a dissimilar material welding rotor considering residual stress influence, where the method includes the following steps:
s1: dividing a dissimilar material welding rotor into a first base material area, a second base material area, a welding area, a first heat affected zone between the first base material area and the welding area, and a second heat affected zone between the second base material area and the welding area;
s2: respectively constructing engineering stress-strain curve constitutive structures in different areas;
s3: converting the engineering stress-strain curve constitutive of the S2 structure into a true stress-strain curve;
s4: carrying out a residual stress test;
s5: converting the residual stress result obtained by the S4 test into a residual stress distribution field;
s6: and (4) taking the residual stress distribution field obtained in the step (S5) as an initial stress, carrying out elastoplasticity analysis by using a true stress-strain curve obtained in the step (S3) to obtain the stress strain of the welded rotor, and obtaining the final fracture rotating speed according to a failure strain criterion.
In some embodiments, the S2 includes the following steps:
s2.1: respectively acquiring engineering stress-strain curves of a first base material area and a second base material area;
s2.2, acquiring a hardness test value of the welding joint sample; the welding process of the welding joint is the same as that of the special material welding rotor (shown in figure 3); s2.3: constructing an engineering stress-strain curve of a welding area through the engineering stress-strain curve of the first base material area and the engineering stress-strain curve of the second base material area obtained in the step S2.1 and the hardness test value of the welding joint sample obtained in the step S2.2;
s2.4: and constructing the engineering stress-strain curves of the first heat affected zone and the second heat affected zone through the distance parameter of the heat affected zone from the base metal, the engineering stress-strain curve of the first base metal zone, the engineering stress-strain curve of the second base metal zone and the hardness test value of the welded joint sample.
In some embodiments, the S2.2 includes: the engineering stress-strain curve of the weld zone is as follows:
ε＝2σ/(E mc1 +E mc2 )，
σ≤σ 0.2，3 ；
wherein E is mc1 Is the modulus of elasticity of the first parent material region, E mc2 Is the elastic modulus, σ, of the second parent material region b，1 The tensile strength of the first parent material region; sigma 0.2，1 Is the yield strength of the first parent metal region; sigma FS，1 The breaking strength of the first base material region; sigma b，2 The tensile strength of the second parent material area; sigma 0.2，2 The yield strength of the second base material region; sigma FS，2 The breaking strength of the second base material region; sigma b，3 、σ 0.2，3 、σ FS，3 The values of the parameters are shown in Table 1
TABLE 1 values of parameters of weld zone
| Parameter(s) | Value taking |
| σ b，3 | H 3 /(H 1 +H 2 )·(σ b，1 +σ b，2 ) |
| σ 0.2，3 | H 3 (H 1 +H 2 )·(σ 0.2，1 +σ 0.2，2 ) |
| σ FS，3 | H 3 (H 1 +H 2 )·(σ FS，1 +σ FS，2 ) |
Wherein H 1 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the first base material area is obtained; h 2 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the second base material area is obtained; h 3 The hardness of the weld zone is averaged.
In some embodiments, the S2.3 includes: the engineering stress-strain curve of the heat affected zone is as follows:
ε＝2σ/(E mc1 +E mc2 )，σ≤σ 0.2，3 ；
wherein E is mc1 Is the modulus of elasticity of the first parent material region, E mc2 Is the elastic modulus, σ, of the second parent material region b，1 The tensile strength of the first parent material region; sigma 0.2，1 Is the yield strength of the first parent metal region; sigma FS，1 The breaking strength of the first base material region; sigma b，2 The tensile strength of the second parent material area; sigma 0.2，2 The yield strength of the second base material region; sigma FS，2 The breaking strength of the second base material region;
wherein σ in the first heat affected zone b，3 、σ 0.2，3 And σ FS，3 The values of (a) are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2 values of parameters of the first heat affected zone
σ in the second heat-affected zone b，3 、σ 0.2，3 And σ FS，3 Is taken asShown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 values of parameters of the second heat affected zone
Wherein H 1 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the first base material area is obtained; h 2 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the second base material area is obtained; h 3 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the welding area is taken as the hardness average value; l is 1 Is the width of the first heat affected zone; l is a radical of an alcohol 1，r Is a variable and is expressed as the distance between different positions of the first heat affected zone and the welding zone; l is 2 Is the width of the second heat affected zone; l is 2，r Is a variable, is the distance of the second thermal influence from the weld zone.
In some embodiments, the true stress-strain curve after transformation in S3 (shown in fig. 5) is:
before necking down:
the true stress-strain curve after necking adopts a linear segment to convert the fracture stress and the fracture strain (sigma) in the engineering stress-strain curve FS 、ε FS ) The corresponding true stress σ is obtained by FS，true 、ε FS，true
After necking down:
wherein σ nom 、ε nom Engineering stress and engineering strain; sigma true 、ε true True stress, true strain; sigma FS The fracture stress of the engineering stress-strain curve of each subarea; epsilon FS The corresponding fracture strain under the fracture stress of the engineering stress-strain curve of each region is shown.
In some embodiments, there are no less than 3 residual stress points (shown in FIG. 6) per zone in the axial direction and no less than 6 residual stress points in the circumferential direction. The residual stress test is carried out on the welding area and the heat affected area by methods such as an X-ray method, neutron diffraction and the like, and the general requirements of the measuring points are as follows: axial measuring points of the welding area are uniformly distributed, at least 3 measuring points are needed, circumferential measuring points are uniformly distributed, and at least 6 measuring points are needed; at least 3 measuring points and at least 6 circumferential measuring points are needed for the axial distribution of the heat affected zone.
In some embodiments, the residual stress distribution field is obtained by a shape function method according to the residual stress test result obtained at S4. The residual stress distribution field of the welding rotor is obtained by an interpolation function, wherein the interpolation function is s (x, y) ═ ax + b (cy + d). Four undetermined coefficients (a, b, c and d) in the interpolation function obtain four algebraic equations by using stress values of four vertexes (interpolation nodes) of the function under a rectangle (shown in figure 7) to determine four coefficients, wherein x is i Is a residual stress test point axial coordinate value, y i A residual stress circumferential coordinate value.
In some embodiments, in S6, when the strain at the local position of each zone of the welding rotor satisfies the following formula, the corresponding rotation speed is the final fracture rotation speed
ε sx ＝k f ·ε f，ture
In the formula: epsilon f Failure strain to fracture;
k is a correction coefficient, and k is more than 0.5 and less than 1;
ε f，true the fracture strain at the true stress-strain curve of each section is used.
The above description is intended to be illustrative of the preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, but rather, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for predicting the fracture rotating speed of a dissimilar material welding rotor by considering the influence of residual stress is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: dividing a dissimilar material welding rotor into a first base material area, a second base material area, a welding area, a first heat affected zone between the first base material area and the welding area, and a second heat affected zone between the second base material area and the welding area;
s2: respectively constructing engineering stress-strain curve constitutive structures in different areas;
s3: converting the engineering stress-strain curve constitutive of the S2 structure into a true stress-strain curve;
s4: carrying out residual stress test;
s5: converting the residual stress result obtained by the S4 test into a residual stress distribution field;
s6: and (4) taking the residual stress distribution field obtained in the step (S5) as an initial stress, carrying out elastoplasticity analysis by using a true stress-strain curve obtained in the step (S3) to obtain the stress strain of the welded rotor, and obtaining the final fracture rotating speed according to a failure strain criterion.
2. The method for predicting the cracking rotation speed of the dissimilar material welding rotor considering the residual stress influence according to claim 1, wherein the step S2 comprises the steps of:
s2.1: respectively acquiring engineering stress-strain curves of a first base material area and a second base material area;
s2.2, acquiring a hardness test value of the welding joint sample; the welding process of the welding joint is the same as that of the dissimilar material welding rotor;
s2.3: constructing an engineering stress-strain curve of a welding area through the engineering stress-strain curve of the first base material area and the engineering stress-strain curve of the second base material area obtained in the S2.1 and the hardness test value of the welded joint sample obtained in the S2.2;
s2.4: and constructing the engineering stress-strain curves of the first heat affected zone and the second heat affected zone through the distance parameter of the heat affected zone from the base metal, the engineering stress-strain curve of the first base metal zone, the engineering stress-strain curve of the second base metal zone and the hardness test value of the welded joint sample.
3. The method for predicting the rupture rotation speed of the dissimilar material welding rotor considering the residual stress influence according to claim 2, wherein the S2.3 comprises: the engineering stress-strain curve of the weld zone is as follows:
ε＝2σ/(E mc1 +E mc2 )，σ≤σ 0.2,3 ；
wherein σ b,1 The tensile strength of the first parent material region; sigma 0.2,1 Is the yield strength of the first parent metal region; sigma FS,1 The breaking strength of the first base material region; sigma b,2 The tensile strength of the second parent material region; sigma 0.2,2 The yield strength of the second base material region; sigma FS,2 The breaking strength of the second base material region;
σ b，3 ＝H 3 /(H 1 +H 2 )·(σ b，1 +σ b，2 )；
σ 0.2，3 ＝H 3 /(H 1 +H 2 )·(σ 0.2，1 +σ 0.2，2 )；
σ FS，3 ＝H 3 /(H 1 +H 2 )·(σ FS，1 +σ FS，2 )
wherein E is mc1 Is the modulus of elasticity of the first parent material region, E mc2 Is the elastic modulus of the second parent material region, H 1 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the first base material area is obtained; h 2 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the second base material area is obtained; h 3 The hardness of the weld zone is averaged.
4. The method for predicting the rupture rotation speed of the dissimilar material welding rotor considering the residual stress influence according to claim 2, wherein the S2.4 comprises: the engineering stress-strain curve of the heat affected zone is as follows:
ε＝2σ/(E mc1 +E mc2 )，σ≤σ 0.2,3 ；
wherein E is mc1 Is the modulus of elasticity of the first parent material region, E mc2 Is the elastic modulus, σ, of the second parent material region b,1 The tensile strength of the first parent material region; sigma 0.2,1 Is the yield strength of the first parent material region; sigma FS,1 The fracture strength of the first parent material region; sigma b,2 The tensile strength of the second parent material area; sigma 0.2,2 The yield strength of the second base material region; sigma FS,2 The breaking strength of the second base material region;
wherein σ in the first heat affected zone b,3 、σ 0.2，3 And σ FS，3 The values of (A) are respectively as follows:
σ in the second heat-affected zone b,3 、σ 0.2，3 And σ FS，3 The values of (A) are respectively as follows:
wherein H 1 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the first base material area is obtained; h 2 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the second base material area is obtained; h 3 The hardness average value of the measuring point position of the welding area is taken as the hardness average value; l is 1 Is the width of the first heat affected zone; l is 1,r Is a variable and is expressed as the distance between different positions of the first heat affected zone and the welding zone; l is 2 Is the width of the second heat affected zone; l is 2,r Is a variable, is the distance of the second thermal influence from the weld zone.
5. The method for predicting the cracking rotation speed of the dissimilar material welding rotor considering the residual stress influence according to claim 1, wherein the true stress-strain curve after transformation in the step S3 is as follows:
before necking down:
after necking down:
wherein σ nom 、ε nom Engineering stress and engineering strain; sigma true 、ε true True stress, true strain; sigma FS The fracture stress of the engineering stress-strain curve of each subarea; epsilon FS The corresponding fracture strain under the fracture stress of the engineering stress-strain curve of each region is shown.
6. The method for predicting the cracking rotation speed of the dissimilar material welding rotor considering the residual stress influence according to claim 1, wherein the number of the residual stress measuring points in each area is not less than 3 in the axial direction and not less than 6 in the circumferential direction.
7. The method for predicting the rupture rotation speed of the dissimilar material welded rotor considering the residual stress influence according to claim 1, wherein a residual stress distribution field is obtained by a shape function method according to the residual stress test result obtained in S4.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S6, when the strain at the local position of each segment of the welded rotor satisfies the following formula, the corresponding rotation speed is the final fracture rotation speed
ε sx ＝k f ·ε f,ture
In the formula: epsilon f Failure strain to fracture;
k is a correction coefficient, and k is more than 0.5 and less than 1;
ε f，true the fracture strain at the true stress-strain curve of each section is used.
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| CN117556676B (en) * | 2024-01-11 | 2024-03-19 | 中国航发四川燃气涡轮研究院 | Double-radial-plate turbine disk fracture rotation speed prediction method based on two-dimensional finite element model |
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