CN115017450A - Method for calculating resilience in thick-wall pipe preparation process - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal plastic forming, and particularly relates to a method for calculating the resilience in the preparation process of a thick-wall pipe. Bending resilience is taken as a key influence factor influencing the geometric accuracy of a product and is influenced by the coupling of material performance, bending process parameters, a die structure and the like, and particularly in a multi-pass cold bending process, the accumulated effect of the bending resilience is particularly obvious due to a longer forming path. In order to improve the size precision and the production efficiency of the pipe, the invention comprehensively considers the coupling influence of key factors such as material characteristics, geometric dimensions, bending conditions and the like, and comprises the following three steps: (1) setting deformation conditions of the pipe materials; (2) calculating the pipe material resilience amount; (3) and (4) calculating the pipe material correction rebound quantity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal plastic forming, and particularly relates to a method for calculating the resilience in the preparation process of a thick-wall pipe.
Background
The ocean oil and gas resource development engineering equipment is one of the pioneering industries of ocean economy, and the vigorous development of the ocean oil and gas resource development engineering equipment can directly promote the rapid development of various matched pipe manufacturing industries. In the tube forming mode, bending forming is one of important processes, and bending precision and quality have important influence on geometric precision, structural performance, subsequent welding processes and the like of products. The springback is taken as a key influence factor influencing the geometric accuracy of a product and is influenced by the coupling of material performance, bending process parameters, a die structure and the like, and particularly in a multi-pass cold bending process, the accumulated effect of the springback is particularly obvious due to a longer forming path, so that the bending accuracy of the product is low. Therefore, the influence of various factors and the coupling effect thereof on the bending resilience of the metal is determined, the product precision is improved, and the method has wide application prospect for industrial production requirements. In the existing pipe preparation process, the calculation mode of bending resilience is divided into theoretical analysis and neural network prediction. The theoretical analysis has the characteristics that the influence of a plurality of geometric parameters is considered, but the assumed conditions are too many, the problems of a structural function and an approximate solution are involved, the solving process is complex, and the calculation error is large. BP neural network prediction is only suitable for thin-walled pipe bending, and when the thickness is larger than 5mm, the calculation error is large, so that the BP neural network prediction is not suitable for the preparation of thick-walled pipes any more.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for calculating the resilience in the preparation process of a thick-wall pipe, which is simple in calculation and high in precision, so that the test times are reduced, and the production efficiency and the product precision are improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for calculating the rebound amount in the preparation process of a thick-wall pipe comprises the following steps:
the bending deformation of the pipe material is ideal elastic-plastic deformation, and longitudinal fibers are not extruded during bending, so that transverse stress among the fibers does not exist;
center layer and region near the neutral layer
The stress is linearly distributed along the thickness direction outside the region
A non-linear relationship;
bending deformation is three-dimensional stress, and the plane state of strain is zero along the strain in the pipe width direction, and it is linear distribution to meet an emergency in the thickness direction:
ε x ＝y/ρ (1)
where y is the distance between the mass point and the neutral layer, σ s For yield strength, E is the modulus of elasticity, R' is the bend radius, t is the tube thickness, ε x For strain, ρ is the neutral layer bend radius;
the resultant force of the tangential stress on the cross section of the bent pipe must be zero when the bent pipe is bent, namely the sum of the tensile stress on the convex side and the compressive stress on the concave side is zero, namely the stress on the section of 1/2 is calculated and multiplied by 2 to obtain the bending rebound reaction bending moment M 1 Comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
i is the pipe cross-section moment of inertia, B is the pipe width, sigma θ The tensile (compressive) stress of the cross section of the bent pipe;
it is decomposed into a bending moment generated by instantaneous springback and hysteresis springback corresponding to elastic and elastic-plastic deformation, and is expressed as:
integrating to obtain:
the unloading process after bending is equivalent to increasing an elastic bending moment M in the opposite direction of plastic deformation 2 ，M 2 ＝M 1 The generated equivalent elastic deformation satisfies the following relation:
wherein, the delta epsilon is | epsilon '-epsilon |, epsilon' is the strain before rebound, epsilon is the strain after rebound, and delta epsilon is the difference of the strain before rebound and the strain after rebound;
obtaining the equivalent elastic strain:
according to the relation between the bending radius and the strain before rebound:
and the relation between the target bending radius and the strain after rebound:
the relationship between the available bending radius R' and the target bending radius R is as follows:
one-dimensional cubic equation of the bending radius R':
order to
According to the condition of plastic deformation
Solving the equation to obtain:
respectively make
C ═ arccot (a), the results are simplified to:
according to the target bending radius R and the yield strength sigma s And a pipe thickness t, and the bending radius R' is calculated by using the formula (10), thereby calculating the bending springback quantity delta H 0 ；
And 3, calculating the corrected springback value delta H:
in the actual process of preparing the thick-wall pipe, the resilience is taken as a key influence factor influencing the geometric precision of a product and is influenced by the coupling of material performance, bending process parameters and equipment structure parameters. Therefore, in step 2, the bending spring-back Δ H is corrected by comprehensively considering the coupling influence of the bending process parameters on the spring-back.
Further, the bending spring-back amount Δ H in step 2 0 The specific calculation method comprises the following steps:
the deflection difference before and after the arbitrary bending deformation of the pipe material is the bending rebound quantity delta H 0 ：
ΔH 0 ＝H′-H (11)
Wherein H' is the deflection before springback, H is the deflection after springback, a is the arc length of the pipe material, and b is the straight side length of the pipe material.
Further, the specific method for correcting the bending springback value Δ H in the step 3 is as follows:
wherein k is a comprehensive influence factor, k H Is an upper die depression amount influence factor, k V Is a lower die opening amount influence factor, k v Is an upper die down velocity influence factor, k f Is a friction coefficient influencing factor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the calculation of the bending resilience amount in the preparation process of the thick-wall pipe comprehensively considers the coupling influence of key factors such as material characteristics, geometric dimensions, bending conditions and the like, and the calculation method is simple and high in precision.
(2) In the practical operation process, the springback quantity after bending deformation can be easily calculated by only setting materials and bending process, and the purposes of compensating the springback quantity, improving the product forming precision, reducing the test times and improving the economic benefit are achieved by changing the bending process parameters.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of cold bending in the process of manufacturing a thick-walled pipe;
FIG. 2 is a graph representing the amount of springback;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the amount of upper die depression versus the springback factor k H The fitting curve of (1);
FIG. 4 is a plot of lower die opening versus rebound factor k V The fitting curve of (1);
FIG. 5 shows the descending velocity of the upper die versus the rebound factor k v The fitting curve of (1);
FIG. 6 is coefficient of friction versus coefficient of restitution k f The fitted curve of (1).
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only partial embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Example 1
A method for calculating the rebound amount in the process of preparing a thick-wall pipe comprises the following steps:
the cold bending schematic diagram of the pipe material is shown in fig. 1, the bending deformation of the pipe material is ideal elastic-plastic deformation, and longitudinal fibers are not extruded during bending, so that transverse stress between the fibers does not exist;
neutral layer and area near the neutral layer
The stress is linearly distributed along the thickness direction outside the region
A non-linear relationship;
bending deformation is three-dimensional stress, and the plane state of strain is zero along the strain in the pipe width direction, and it is linear distribution to meet an emergency in the thickness direction:
ε x ＝y/ρ (1)
where y is the distance between the mass point and the neutral layer, σ s For yield strength, E is the modulus of elasticity, R' is the bend radius, t is the tube thickness, ε x For strain, ρ is the neutral layer bend radius;
the resultant force of the tangential stress on the cross section of the bent pipe must be zero when the bent pipe is bent, namely the sum of the tensile stress of the convex side and the compressive stress of the concave side is zero, and the bending rebound reaction bending moment M can be obtained by only calculating the stress on the section of 1/2 and multiplying 2 1 Comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
i is the inertia moment of the cross section of the pipe material, B is the width of the pipe material, sigma θ The tensile (compressive) stress of the cross section of the bent pipe;
it is decomposed into a bending moment generated by instantaneous springback and hysteresis springback corresponding to elastic and elastic-plastic deformation, and is expressed as:
integrating to obtain:
the unloading process after bending is equivalent to increasing an elastic bending moment M in the opposite direction of plastic deformation 2 ，M 2 ＝M 1 The generated equivalent elastic deformation satisfies the following relation:
wherein, the delta epsilon is | epsilon ' -epsilon | with epsilon ', epsilon ' is the strain before springback, epsilon is the strain after springback, and delta epsilon is the difference between the strain before springback and the strain after springback;
obtaining the equivalent elastic strain:
according to the relation between the bending radius and the strain before rebound:
and the relation between the target bending radius and the strain after springback is as follows:
the relationship between the available bending radius R' and the target bending radius R is as follows:
one-dimensional cubic equation of the bending radius R':
order to
According to the condition of plastic deformation
Solving the equation to obtain:
respectively order
C ═ arccot (a), the results are reduced to:
according to the target bending radius R and the yield strength sigma s And the thickness t of the pipe material, and the bending radius R' can be calculated by using the formula (10), so that the bending resilience delta H can be obtained by calculation 0 The calculation method is as follows:
as shown in FIG. 2, the difference in deflection before and after any bending deformation of the tube material is the bending rebound Δ H 0 ：
ΔH 0 ＝H′-H (11)
H' is the deflection before springback, H is the deflection after springback, a is the arc length of the pipe material, and b is the straight side length of the pipe material;
and 3, calculating the corrected springback value delta H:
in the actual process of preparing the thick-wall pipe, the resilience is taken as a key influence factor influencing the geometric precision of a product and is influenced by the coupling of material performance, bending process parameters and equipment structure parameters. Therefore, in step 3, on the basis of step 2, the coupling influence of the bending process parameters on the springback amount is comprehensively considered, and the corrected bending springback amount Δ H is as follows:
wherein k is a comprehensive influence factor, k H Is an upper die depression amount influence factor, k V Is a lower die opening amount influence factor, k v Is an upper die down velocity influence factor, k f Is a friction coefficient influencing factor.
Example 2
Taking the preparation of 316L stainless steel thick-wall pipe as an example:
(1) the tubular product material is 316L stainless steel, and the product specification: phi 300mm multiplied by 20mm, blank specification: 20mm X942 mm X3000 mm. The elastic modulus is 216GPa, the plastic modulus is 1.87GPa, the initial yield strength is 238MPa, the tensile strength is 552MPa, and the Poisson ratio is 0.3.
(2) According to the product size requirement, the single-pass target bending radius R required for preparing 316L stainless steel pipes is 300mm, and the bending radius R' is 286.02mm according to the formula (10). Calculating the bending springback quantity delta H according to the formulas (11) and (12) 0 Is 2.32 mm.
Structural parameters of the bending equipment: the curvature radius of the forming upper die is 200mm, and the fillet radius of the lower die is 30 mm; bending process parameters: upper die pressing amount H: 12mm, upper die descending speed v: 6mm/s, lower die opening amount V: 160mm, coefficient of friction f: 0.15.
the finite element simulates the influence rule of bending process parameters on the maximum bending resilience of the tube material, as shown in fig. 3, 4, 5 and 6, the curve is fitted by adopting a mode of approximating discrete data by an analytical expression, and the relationship between each process parameter and the influence factor is as follows in sequence:
from equation (14), the influence factor k can be calculated H 、k V 、k v 、k f Sequentially comprises the following steps: 1.058, 1.060, 1.021 and 1.052. The bending-corrected springback value of the tube was 2.79mm as calculated from the formula (13). And (3) performing a multi-pass cold bending experiment on the JCOE forming machine, wherein the deviation between the average value of the springback measured by the cold bending experiment and the predicted springback value is less than 5.5%.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A method for calculating the rebound amount in the preparation process of a thick-wall pipe is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, setting pipe deformation conditions:
the bending deformation of the pipe material is ideal elastic-plastic deformation, and longitudinal fibers are not extruded during bending, so that transverse stress among the fibers does not exist;
the stress is distributed linearly along the thickness direction, and the non-linear relation is formed outside the area, and the central layer and the area close to the neutral layer are expressed as follows:
outside this region is represented as:
bending deformation is three-dimensional stress, and the plane state of strain is zero along the strain in the pipe width direction, and it is linear distribution to meet an emergency in the thickness direction:
ε x ＝y/ρ (1)
where y is the distance between the mass point and the neutral layer, σ s For yield strength, E is the modulus of elasticity, R' is the bend radius, t is the tube thickness, ε x For strain, ρ is the neutral layer bend radius;
step 2, rebound quantity delta H 0 And (3) calculating:
the resultant force of the tangential stress on the cross section of the bent pipe must be zero when the bent pipe is bent, namely the sum of the tensile stress on the convex side and the compressive stress on the concave side is zero, namely the stress on the section of 1/2 is calculated and multiplied by 2 to obtain the bending rebound reaction bending moment M 1 Comprises the following steps:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
i is the pipe cross-section moment of inertia, B is the pipe width, sigma θ The tensile (compressive) stress of the cross section of the bent pipe;
it is decomposed into a bending moment generated by instantaneous springback and hysteresis springback corresponding to elastic and elastic-plastic deformation, and is expressed as:
integrating to obtain:
the unloading process after bending is equivalent to increasing an elastic bending moment M in the opposite direction of plastic deformation 2 ，M 2 ＝M 1 The generated equivalent elastic deformation satisfies the following relation:
wherein, the delta epsilon is | epsilon ' -epsilon | with epsilon ', epsilon ' is the strain before springback, epsilon is the strain after springback, and delta epsilon is the difference between the strain before springback and the strain after springback;
obtaining the equivalent elastic strain:
according to the relation between the bending radius and the strain before rebound:
and the relation between the target bending radius and the strain after rebound:
obtaining the relation between the bending radius R' and the target bending radius R:
one-dimensional cubic equation of the bending radius R':
order to
According to the condition of plastic deformation
Solving the equation to obtain:
respectively order
C ═ arccot (a), the results are reduced to:
according to the target bending radius R and the yield strength sigma s And a pipe thickness t, and the bending radius R' is calculated by using the formula (10), thereby calculating the bending springback quantity delta H 0 ；
And 3, calculating the corrected springback value delta H:
and (3) on the basis of the step 2, comprehensively considering the coupling influence of the bending process parameters on the springback quantity, and correcting the bending springback quantity delta H.
2. The method for calculating the bending resilience amount in the thick-wall pipe preparation process according to claim 1, wherein the bending resilience amount Δ H in the step 2 0 The specific calculation method comprises the following steps:
the deflection difference before and after the arbitrary bending deformation of the pipe material is the bending rebound quantity delta H 0 ：
ΔH 0 ＝H′-H (11)
Wherein H' is the deflection before springback, H is the deflection after springback, a is the arc length of the pipe material, and b is the straight side length of the pipe material.
3. The method for calculating the bending springback value in the thick-wall pipe preparation process according to claim 1, wherein the specific method for correcting the bending springback value Δ H is as follows:
wherein k is a comprehensive influence factor, k H Is an upper die depression amount influence factor, k V Is a lower die opening amount influence factor, k v Is an upper die down velocity influence factor, k f Is a friction coefficient influencing factor.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117141037A (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2023-12-01 | 山西昌鸿电力器材有限公司 | Electric power fitting processing technology |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013054001A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-21 | Jfe Steel Corp | Stress-strain relation evaluation method and springback amount prediction method |
| CN106980717A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-25 | 西北工业大学 | The method for determining homogeneous tubing numerical-control bending springback angle |
| CN107016188A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-08-04 | 西北工业大学 | The method for determining homogeneous tubing numerical-control bending springback angle |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013054001A (en) * | 2011-09-06 | 2013-03-21 | Jfe Steel Corp | Stress-strain relation evaluation method and springback amount prediction method |
| CN106980717A (en) * | 2017-03-15 | 2017-07-25 | 西北工业大学 | The method for determining homogeneous tubing numerical-control bending springback angle |
| CN107016188A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-08-04 | 西北工业大学 | The method for determining homogeneous tubing numerical-control bending springback angle |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 汪鹏飞;李殿起;张少华;王帅帅;: "数控弯管机弯曲回弹对成型质量影响的分析", 重型机械, no. 05, 20 September 2017 (2017-09-20) * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117141037A (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2023-12-01 | 山西昌鸿电力器材有限公司 | Electric power fitting processing technology |
| CN117141037B (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2024-02-02 | 山西昌鸿电力器材有限公司 | Electric power fitting processing technology |
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