CN115017148A - Unified and efficient operation and maintenance data storage, retrieval and analysis method and system - Google Patents
Unified and efficient operation and maintenance data storage, retrieval and analysis method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of operation and maintenance, and discloses a method and a system for storing, retrieving and analyzing operation and maintenance data uniformly and efficiently, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the data acquisition module provides uniform and extensible acquisition capability for various operation and maintenance data; the data processing and processing module is used for providing data distribution, analysis and processing capacity; and the data storage, retrieval and analysis module provides uniform storage and analysis capability for various operation and maintenance data. The invention simplifies the data storage scheme under the operation and maintenance scene aiming at the cloud native micro-service at present, improves the operation and maintenance efficiency, reduces the manual operation, reduces the labor intensity, improves the performance and timeliness of query and analysis aiming at mass operation and maintenance data, provides better operation and maintenance technical support for the instant monitoring and alarm of an enterprise IT system, unifies a data bottom layer storage engine and a query and analysis engine, reduces the operation and maintenance cost and personnel investment, and reduces the cost and improves the efficiency of enterprises.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of operation and maintenance, in particular to a method and a system for storing, retrieving and analyzing unified and efficient operation and maintenance data.
Background
At present, various structured or unstructured data formats or data models in the operation and maintenance field can be classified into log data (log), performance index data (metrics), and application link data (trace), which are used together to provide underlying data-driven support for 'observability' in the operation and maintenance field, but there is no technical solution capable of simultaneously supporting unified storage query analysis of log data (log), index data (metrics), and link data (trace) in the current operation and maintenance field, there are storage and retrieval schemes for log link-type data such as elastic search, hbase, etc. if an ad hoc query analysis capability is to be provided based on these data, a cumbersome technical system may need to be introduced, therefore, in order to achieve an 'observable' operation and maintenance target of the system, a plurality of technical systems are introduced, which results in extreme complexity of the whole operation and maintenance technical system and architecture, and as a part for technical guarantee and cost reduction of enterprise business, besides requiring a large amount of financial investment of enterprises, the stability and challenge of the operation and maintenance itself are huge, and no effective solution is provided at present for the related technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a unified and efficient method and a system for storing, retrieving and analyzing operation and maintenance data, which aim to overcome the technical problems in the prior art and mainly solve the problem that three data models (log/metric/trace) in the current operation and maintenance field provide unified and efficient underlying technical facilities for storing, retrieving and analyzing, reduce the operation and maintenance input cost of enterprises, improve the operation and maintenance efficiency of the enterprises, improve the observability and better protect the driving of the IT systems of the enterprises.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a system for unified and efficient operation and maintenance data storage retrieval analysis, comprising:
the data acquisition module provides uniform and extensible acquisition capability for various operation and maintenance data;
the data processing and processing module is used for providing data distribution, analysis and processing capacity;
and the data storage, retrieval and analysis module provides uniform storage and analysis capability for various operation and maintenance data.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the data storage, retrieval and analysis module divides the data into three domains, which are:
a time domain representing the time of generation of the operation and maintenance data or events;
the label domain is equivalent to a dictionary, an index and a portrait of the operation and maintenance data, and the flexibility of the data in upper application is improved;
the index field is a specific field, for example, specific performance index data such as cpu, load, io, and the like, and there is a field for analyzing the log, for example, analyzing the access log of nginx, or analyzing the rsyslog log, and the like.
A unified and efficient operation and maintenance data storage, retrieval and analysis method based on the system comprises the following steps:
and S1, the data acquisition module takes a uniform data acquisition client as an implementation premise, the data acquisition client unifies the acquisition of log data, performance index data and application link data, and the data acquisition client can be uniformly controlled and managed through a user control console (user-console).
S2, according to the data flow, the data collection client in the step S1 reports the collected data to the server;
and S3, reporting the collected data to a data processing module for processing and then writing the data into the operation and maintenance database by the data-stash data component.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the following factors need to be considered in the process that the data collection client reports the collected data to the server:
(1) the high availability and the flexibility of the architecture of the system are ensured, in order to ensure the high availability of the system, a message queue is introduced on the architecture, Kafka is preferentially recommended here, and meanwhile, the application scenario related to operation and maintenance data distribution in the use process of a specific enterprise is considered, and Kafka is a very good choice;
(2) the data processing method has the advantages that the expandability of the architecture and the expandability of functions are ensured, in an actual enterprise use scene, the data format reported to the server side is uncontrollable, particularly, for unstructured or semi-structured data such as logs, unified storage and analysis are difficult to perform if the unstructured or semi-structured data are not processed by structured processing, and finally the value of the unstructured or semi-structured data is difficult to play.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention discloses a unified and efficient method and a system for storing, retrieving and analyzing operation and maintenance data, which simplify a data storage scheme under the current operation and maintenance scene aiming at cloud native microservice, do not need to respectively adopt different data storage engines or technical schemes aiming at time sequence index classes, log classes and link class data, improve the operation and maintenance efficiency and save time;
(2) the invention provides a unified and efficient method and system for storing, retrieving and analyzing operation and maintenance data, which improve the performance and timeliness of query and analysis aiming at mass operation and maintenance data and provide better operation and maintenance technical support for the instant monitoring and alarm of an enterprise IT system;
(3) the invention discloses a unified and efficient method and a unified and efficient system for storing, retrieving and analyzing operation and maintenance data, which efficiently unifies a data bottom storage engine and an inquiry analysis engine, has higher data compression ratio, reduces the operation and maintenance cost and the personnel investment, and provides possibility for cost reduction and efficiency improvement of enterprises.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a unified and efficient operation and maintenance data storage, retrieval and analysis method and system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a data acquisition module of the method and system for uniform and efficient operation and maintenance data storage, retrieval and analysis according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an implementation structure of a data collection module of the method and system for uniform and efficient operation and maintenance data storage, retrieval and analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partial functional design prototype structure of a unified and efficient method and system for operation and maintenance data storage retrieval analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a data storage model definition of a method and system for uniform and efficient operation and maintenance data storage retrieval analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of step 1 in embodiment 1 of a method and system for uniform and efficient operation and maintenance data storage, retrieval and analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of step 2 in embodiment 1 of a method and system for uniform and efficient operation and maintenance data storage, retrieval and analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of step 3 in embodiment 1 of a method and system for uniform and efficient operation and maintenance data storage, retrieval and analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of step 1 in embodiment 2 of a method and system for uniform and efficient operation and maintenance data storage retrieval analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of step 2 in embodiment 2 of a method and system for uniform and efficient operation and maintenance data storage retrieval analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of step 3 in embodiment 2 of a method and system for uniform and efficient operation and maintenance data storage, retrieval, and analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a technical solution of a unified and efficient method and system for storing, retrieving, and analyzing operation and maintenance data: a system for unified and efficient operation and maintenance data storage retrieval analysis, comprising:
the data acquisition module provides uniform and extensible acquisition capability for various operation and maintenance data;
in this embodiment, in order to ensure that the data quality and the acquisition format acquired by the acquisition end are uniform, a uniform data acquisition client is a premise that the invention creation can be implemented, and the acquisition client unifies acquisition of log data, performance index data, and application link data, and can uniformly perform management and control, such as start stop, configuration update, version upgrade, quota management, heartbeat management, and the like, through a user-console (user-console).
The data processing module is used for providing the processing capacity of data distribution, analysis and processing;
in this embodiment, in the process that the data collection client reports the collected data to the server, the following factors need to be considered:
(1) the high availability and the flexibility of the architecture of the system are ensured, in order to ensure the high availability of the system, a message queue is introduced on the architecture, Kafka is preferentially recommended here, and meanwhile, the application scenario related to operation and maintenance data distribution in the use process of a specific enterprise is considered, and Kafka is a very good choice;
(2) the data format reported to the server is uncontrollable in an actual enterprise use scene, especially for unstructured or semi-structured data such as logs, uniform storage and analysis are difficult to perform if the unstructured or semi-structured data is not processed by structured processing, and finally the value of the unstructured or semi-structured data is difficult to play.
And the data storage, retrieval and analysis module provides uniform storage and analysis capability for various operation and maintenance data.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, after being processed, data is written into the operation and maintenance database by the data-hash data component, but in the background art, i also say that there is no targeted data storage scheme currently in the operation and maintenance data storage field, and here, we select clickhouse as a unified technical scheme for query and analysis of underlying data storage, which has the following advantages:
(1) there are many commercial or technical head companies in use, whose stability and reliability have been verified by the industry's mass production environment;
(2) compared with an elastic search or other line type storage schemes, the column type storage has extremely high data storage compression ratio and higher data analysis performance, and supports pb-level mass data storage analysis;
(3) compared with other technical schemes, the method has simpler and less operation and maintenance investment, and less and simpler technical components are brought by the share nothing architecture;
(4) the open source community is active, and at present, the clickhouse open source community is in fast iteration, and more usability or functional features are introduced.
However, in addition to the preparation work of the data acquisition end and the data processing layer, the following design is also made in the specific storage model layer:
further, as shown in the above figure, the data storage, retrieval and analysis module divides the data into three domains, which are:
a time domain representing the time of generation of the operation and maintenance data or events;
the tag field is equivalent to a dictionary, an index and a portrait of the operation and maintenance data, so that the flexibility of the data in upper-layer application is improved;
the index field is a specific field, such as specific performance index data of cpu, load, io, and the like, and there is a resolution field for the log, such as access log resolution for nginx, or rsyslog log, and the like.
Besides the above definitions of the data model, there is also a set of standard definitions on the specific table structure design, such as data table name or database name definitions, and table partitioning, table index definitions, which can be either set by default in the system or defined by the user according to the specific application scenario.
In a word, through the definition of the data model, a set of data storage model can be provided for data in different operation and maintenance fields, the three data storage models have the same metadata structure, and can be easily associated with each other and finally written into clickhouse.
A unified and efficient operation and maintenance data storage, retrieval and analysis method based on the system comprises the following steps:
and S1, the data acquisition module unifies the acquisition of log data, performance index data and application link data by using a unified data acquisition client as an implementation premise, and can be uniformly controlled by a user console (user-console).
S2, according to the flow of data circulation, the data acquisition client in the step S1 reports the acquired data to the server;
and S3, reporting the collected data to a data processing module for processing and then writing the data into the operation and maintenance database by the data-stash data component.
Example 1: unified collection, storage and analysis of nginx access logs
Step 1:
and selecting different modes according to different operating systems to install the unified operation and maintenance data acquisition client tool.
Step 2:
and configuring a path for collecting the nginx log, a collection strategy and an analysis processing rule, wherein the nginx log has a set of log analysis rules, so that the logs can be uniformly stored conveniently.
And 3, step 3:
and the log data collected to the stored clickhouse can be quickly inquired, analyzed and applied on a user console.
Example 2: aliyun performance data unified acquisition, storage and analysis
Step 1:
and selecting different modes according to different operating systems to install a uniform operation and maintenance data acquisition client tool.
And 2, step:
and selecting Ariiyun collection in performance data collection, and selecting different Ariiyun products.
And 3, step 3:
the performance data of various products of the Aliskian are collected, unified data format processing is performed during collection, the data are stored into clickhouse through a data processing layer according to a unified storage format agreed by a system, and then unified retrieval analysis is performed through visual charts by a user console.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," "secured," "screwed" and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. A system for unified and efficient operation and maintenance data storage, retrieval and analysis, comprising:
the data acquisition module provides uniform and expandable acquisition capability for various operation and maintenance data;
the data processing and processing module is used for providing data distribution, analysis and processing capacity;
and the data storage, retrieval and analysis module provides uniform storage and analysis capability for various operation and maintenance data.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: the data storage, retrieval and analysis module divides data into three domains, which are respectively:
a time domain representing the time of generation of the operation and maintenance data or events;
the tag field is equivalent to a dictionary, an index and a portrait of the operation and maintenance data, so that the flexibility of the data in upper-layer application is improved;
the index field is a specific field, such as specific performance index data of cpu, load, io, and the like, and there is a resolution field for the log, such as access log resolution for nginx, or rsyslog log, and the like.
3. A method for uniform and efficient operation and maintenance data storage, retrieval and analysis based on the system of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
and S1, the data acquisition module takes a uniform data acquisition client as an implementation premise, the data acquisition client unifies the acquisition of log data, performance index data and application link data, and the data acquisition client can be uniformly controlled and managed through a user control console (user-console).
S2, according to the flow of data circulation, the data acquisition client in the step S1 reports the acquired data to the server;
and S3, reporting the collected data to a data processing module for processing, and writing the processed data into the operation and maintenance database by the data-stack data assembly.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method comprises: in the process that the data acquisition client reports the acquired data to the server, the following factors need to be considered:
(1) the high availability and the flexibility of the architecture of the system are ensured, in order to ensure the high availability of the system, a message queue is introduced on the architecture, Kafka is preferentially recommended here, and meanwhile, the application scenario related to operation and maintenance data distribution in the use process of a specific enterprise is considered, and Kafka is a very good choice;
(2) the data processing method has the advantages that the expandability of the architecture and the expandability of functions are ensured, in an actual enterprise use scene, the data format reported to the server side is uncontrollable, particularly, for unstructured or semi-structured data such as logs, unified storage and analysis are difficult to perform if the unstructured or semi-structured data are not processed by structured processing, and finally the value of the unstructured or semi-structured data is difficult to play.
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