CN115014142A - Steel tape scale error measuring method based on machine vision - Google Patents
Steel tape scale error measuring method based on machine vision Download PDFInfo
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- CN115014142A CN115014142A CN202210593103.8A CN202210593103A CN115014142A CN 115014142 A CN115014142 A CN 115014142A CN 202210593103 A CN202210593103 A CN 202210593103A CN 115014142 A CN115014142 A CN 115014142A
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- steel tape
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- scale error
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241000668842 Lepidosaphes gloverii Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000002566 Capsicum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006002 Pepper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000016761 Piper aduncum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017804 Piper guineense Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000203593 Piper nigrum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003708 edge detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B3/00—Measuring instruments characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B3/10—Measuring tapes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
- G01B21/04—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness by measuring coordinates of points
- G01B21/045—Correction of measurements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/30—Computing systems specially adapted for manufacturing
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a machine vision-based steel tape scale error measuring method, which comprises the following steps of: step one, acquiring image information of a steel tape in a production process; step two, preprocessing the image information to obtain the actual length b of a single pixel on the image information and the pixel number n between 1mm printed on the steel tape 2 (ii) a Step three, obtaining the pixel number n between 1mm printed on the steel tape by using the obtained pixel actual length b 2 Calculating the actual length of 1mm printed on the ruler, thereby obtaining the error between the actual length and the 1mm printed on the steel tape; the scale error measurement is carried out on the steel tape in the production and printing process of the steel tape, so that the step of separately measuring the scale error after the steel tape is printed is omitted, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel tape calibration, in particular to a method for measuring scale errors of a steel tape based on machine vision.
Background
The steel tape is a basic length measuring instrument, is a common tool for building and decoration, and is widely applied to daily life. The verification process adopted by the current steel tape production enterprises is as follows: the method comprises the steps of placing a steel tape to be detected (a detected ruler) and a standard steel tape (a standard ruler) on a verification platform, aligning zero scale marks of the detected ruler and the standard ruler, and then adopting a measurement mode of comparing the scale marks of the detected ruler with the scale marks of the standard ruler. The manual comparison has the inevitable defects:
1. the step of measuring the scale error can be carried out only after the steel tape is produced, and the scale error cannot be measured in the process of producing and printing the steel tape.
2. The eyes can be tired due to long-time work of the workers, and the manual reading error is easy to occur.
3. The qualified standards of the quality cannot be completely unified, and different people detecting the same product may make different judgments on the product due to subjective consciousness.
4. Slow, costly, inefficient, and require a significant amount of labor and capital.
Therefore, based on the above problems, a new method for measuring the scale error of the steel tape is urgently needed to replace the manual work, so that the production efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present application provides a method for measuring scale errors of a steel tape based on machine vision, so as to solve at least one technical problem in the prior art and improve the calibration efficiency of the steel tape.
The invention provides a machine vision-based method for measuring scale errors of a steel tape, which comprises the following steps of:
step one, acquiring image information of a steel tape in a production process;
step two, preprocessing the image information to obtain the actual length b of a single pixel on the image information and the pixel number n between 1mm printed on the steel tape 2 ；
Step three, obtaining the pixel number n between 1mm printed on the steel tape by using the obtained pixel actual length b 2 And calculating the actual length of 1mm printed on the ruler, thereby obtaining the error between the actual length and the 1mm printed on the steel tape.
Further, the formula for calculating the scale error of the steel tape measure is as follows: delta ═ n 2 *b－1
Wherein, the Delta is the scale error of the steel tape with the length of 1 m.
Further, in the first step, a CMOS linear array industrial camera is used for collecting image information of the steel tape on the rotating wheel.
Furthermore, marks are arranged on the rotating wheel at positions which are not shielded by the steel tape, and in the second step, the distance L between the marks and the number n of pixels between the marks are obtained by obtaining the positions of the marks on the rotating wheel in the image information 1 So as to obtain the actual length b of a single pixel as L/n 1 。
Further, in the second step, the preprocessing the image information includes: firstly, graying and binaryzation processing are carried out on the image information, then corrosion and expansion operation are carried out firstly, noise points and burrs are eliminated, then the image is segmented, and column areas where numbers and scales are located are extracted; and then, scales and numbers on the ruler are arranged at the frame by utilizing a circumscribed rectangle algorithm.
Further, in step two, the number n of pixels printed on the steel tape measure between 1mm is obtained 2 The method comprises the following steps: comparing the intercepted numbers in the rectangular frame with template numbers by using a template matching method, so as to identify the numbers in the rectangular frame and further determine the positions of the steel tape at intervals of 1 m; then scanning the vicinity of the digital positions of the starting point and the end point of the 1m interval to find the position of the long scale mark closest to the starting point and the end point of the 1m interval, taking the center of the circumscribed rectangle of the long scale mark as the specific scale coordinate position of the starting point and the end point of the 1m interval, and accurately calculating the number n of pixels at the 1m interval according to the scale coordinates 2 。
The invention provides a method for measuring scale errors of a steel tape based on machine vision, which has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the invention, the scale error is measured in the production and printing processes of the steel tape, so that the step of separately measuring the scale error after the steel tape is printed is omitted, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.
(2) According to the method for measuring the scale error of the steel tape based on the machine vision, the CMOS linear array industrial camera is used for collecting images, the line frequency of the camera is high, 50000 lines of pixels can be collected every second, the collected high-resolution images are obtained, and the detection precision is improved.
(3) According to the steel tape scale error measuring method based on machine vision, the numbers on the steel tape are identified through the template matching method, the identification speed is high, and the efficiency is improved.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for measuring scale errors of a steel tape based on machine vision according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a steel tape scale error measurement method based on machine vision provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the steel tape and the rotating wheel.
FIG. 4 is a gray scale view of a steel tape with a marker.
FIG. 5 is a binarized image of a steel tape with a marker.
Fig. 6 is an effect diagram of dividing scales, numbers and markers from the steel tape binary image.
Fig. 7 is an effect diagram of a circumscribed rectangle drawn to a scale frame.
Figure 8 is a digital view taken on a steel tape.
Fig. 9 is a template number for identifying a number.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The invention provides a machine vision-based method for measuring scale errors of a steel tape, which is taken as a specific implementation mode and refers to figures 1 and 2, and comprises the following steps:
step one, acquiring image information of a steel tape in a production process;
step two, preprocessing the image information to obtain the actual length b of a single pixel on the image information and the pixel number n between 1mm printed on the steel tape 2 ；
Step three, obtaining the pixel number n between 1mm printed on the steel tape by using the obtained pixel actual length b 2 And calculating the actual length of 1mm printed on the ruler, thereby obtaining the error between the actual length and the 1mm printed on the steel tape.
Further, the formula for calculating the scale error of the steel tape measure is as follows: delta ═ n 2 *b－1
Wherein, the Delta is the scale error of the steel tape with the length of 1 m.
Specifically, it will be appreciated that, with reference to fig. 3, the process of printing the steel tape scale is: the steel belt 2 is wound on the rotating wheel 1, the rotating wheel is driven by the driving motor to drive the steel belt to be conveyed, and the scales are printed on the steel belt through the screen printing plate in the conveying process.
Further, as a preferred real-time mode, in the step one, a CMOS linear array industrial camera is used for collecting image information of the steel tape on the rotating wheel, the CMOS linear array industrial camera is used for collecting images, the line frequency of the camera is high, 50000 lines of pixels can be collected per second, the collected high-resolution images can be obtained, and the detection precision can be improved.
Further, as a specific embodiment, a mark 3 is provided on a position of the wheel not covered by the steel tape, and in the second step, the distance L between marks and the number n of pixels between marks are obtained by obtaining the position of the mark on the wheel in the image information 1 So as to obtain the actual length b of a single pixel as L/n 1 。
Specifically, the mark 3 on the wheel may be an indication line set on the wheel 1, as a specific embodiment, the scale mark may be set to be one, during the rotation of the wheel, the picture information including the indication line is obtained through the obtained image information, when the wheel rotates for one or more cycles, the picture information of the indication line is obtained again, and then the number n of pixels between the indication lines in two adjacent pictures is obtained 1 Then, the distance L is obtained according to the number of turns of the rotating wheel and the perimeter of the rotating wheel, so that the actual length of a single pixel can be calculated; it will be appreciated that, as another practical implementation, the indicator lines may be set to have a known distance of two, so that the actual length of a single pixel can be obtained by only obtaining the number of pixels between the two indicator lines in the actual operation process.
Further, in step two, the preprocessing the image information includes: firstly, graying and binaryzation processing are carried out on the image information, then corrosion and expansion operation are carried out firstly, noise points and burrs are eliminated, then the image is segmented, and column areas where numbers and scales are located are extracted; and then, scales and numbers on the ruler are arranged at the frame by utilizing a circumscribed rectangle algorithm.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4 to 9, after the CMOS linear array industrial camera is used to collect the image information of the steel tape on the rotating wheel, the collected image is preprocessed first, and the image is grayed, in the process, the RGB image may be grayed by using a weighted average method, so as to enhance the image contrast and highlight the details of the image; the influence of illumination unevenness can be eliminated by utilizing a Gaussian homomorphic filter; eliminating salt and pepper noise by adopting a median filtering method; segmenting the image by utilizing an Otsu algorithm, distinguishing a background from a target area, and highlighting scale information; secondly, extracting the scales and numbers in the image information, and marking points with obvious brightness change in the image by adopting a canny edge detection method in the process; filling holes existing in the target area by utilizing expansion operation and eliminating small particle noise contained in the target area; accurately extracting the image information of the ruler by using a method of small-area image elimination and target defect graphic marking; referring to fig. 4, a pattern after graying image information is performed, referring to fig. 6, a pattern after binarization processing is performed on a grayed image, and a processing mode of removing noise and burrs through operations of etching and expanding is performed first, so that an interference item of a background image can be removed, and the recognition accuracy is improved, referring to fig. 7, the image is divided, a number and a column area where the scale is located are extracted, then an external matrix algorithm is adopted, the scale and the number of the ruler on the picture are framed, and the number on the picture is intercepted (refer to fig. 8).
Further, in the second step, the number n of pixels printed on the steel tape measure and between 1mm is obtained 2 The method comprises the following steps: using a template matching method, referring to fig. 9, to identify the template numbers for the numbers, comparing the numbers in the cut rectangular frame with the template numbers, thereby identifying the numbers in the rectangular frame and further determining the positions of the steel tape at intervals of 1m printed thereon; then scanning the vicinity of the digital positions of the starting point and the end point of the 1m interval to find the position of the long scale mark closest to the starting point and the end point of the 1m interval, taking the center of the circumscribed rectangle of the long scale mark as the specific scale coordinate position of the starting point and the end point of the 1m interval, and accurately calculating the number n of pixels at the 1m interval according to the scale coordinates 2 Specifically, the speed of recognizing the numbers on the steel tape can be increased by a template matching method, and the detection efficiency is further increased.
The foregoing description is only exemplary of the preferred embodiments of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention according to the present application is not limited to the specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments where any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents is made without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (6)
1. A steel tape scale error measuring method based on machine vision is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, acquiring image information of a steel tape in a production process;
step two, preprocessing the image information to obtain the actual length b of a single pixel on the image information and the pixel number n between 1mm printed on the steel tape 2 ；
Step three, obtaining the pixel number n between 1mm printed on the steel tape by using the obtained pixel actual length b 2 And calculating the actual length of 1mm printed on the ruler, thereby obtaining the error between the actual length and the 1mm printed on the steel tape.
2. The machine vision-based steel tape scale error measuring method of claim 1, wherein the formula for calculating the steel tape scale error is as follows: delta ═ n 2 *b－1
Wherein, the Delta is the scale error of the steel tape with the length of 1 m.
3. The machine vision-based steel tape scale error measuring method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, a CMOS line array industrial camera is used to collect image information of the steel tape on the rotating wheel.
4. The machine vision-based steel tape scale error measuring method according to claim 3, wherein marks are provided on the rotating wheel at positions not covered by the steel tape, and in the second step, the distance L between the marks and the number n of pixels between the marks are obtained by obtaining the positions of the marks on the rotating wheel in the image information 1 So as to obtain the actual length b of a single pixel as L/n 1 。
5. The machine vision-based steel tape scale error measurement method of claim 2, wherein in step two, the preprocessing of the image information comprises: firstly, graying and binaryzation processing are carried out on the image information, then corrosion and expansion operation are carried out firstly, noise points and burrs are eliminated, then the image is segmented, and column areas where numbers and scales are located are extracted; and then, scales and numbers on the ruler are arranged at the frame by utilizing a circumscribed rectangle algorithm.
6. The machine vision-based steel tape scale error measuring method as claimed in claim 5, wherein in step two, the number n of pixels printed on the steel tape with the thickness of 1mm is obtained 2 The method comprises the following steps: comparing the intercepted numbers in the rectangular frame with template numbers by using a template matching method, so as to identify the numbers in the rectangular frame and further determine the positions of the steel tape at intervals of 1 m; then scanning the vicinity of the digital positions of the starting point and the end point of the 1m interval to find the position of the long scale mark closest to the starting point and the end point of the 1m interval, taking the center of the circumscribed rectangle of the long scale mark as the specific scale coordinate position of the starting point and the end point of the 1m interval, and accurately calculating the number n of pixels at the 1m interval according to the scale coordinates 2 。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210593103.8A CN115014142A (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Steel tape scale error measuring method based on machine vision |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210593103.8A CN115014142A (en) | 2022-05-27 | 2022-05-27 | Steel tape scale error measuring method based on machine vision |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116972709A (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-10-31 | 天津金色方圆仪器仪表有限公司 | Steel tape verification error analysis method and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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