CN115013913A - 一种通风管道结构 - Google Patents

一种通风管道结构 Download PDF

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CN115013913A
CN115013913A CN202210612166.3A CN202210612166A CN115013913A CN 115013913 A CN115013913 A CN 115013913A CN 202210612166 A CN202210612166 A CN 202210612166A CN 115013913 A CN115013913 A CN 115013913A
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pipe
exhaust pipe
air
prevention valve
baffle
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杨海波
黄光彬
刘博�
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Guizhou Tengxiang Ventilation Equipment Installation Co ltd
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Guizhou Tengxiang Ventilation Equipment Installation Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/04—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation
    • F24F7/06—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit
    • F24F7/08—Ventilation with ducting systems, e.g. by double walls; with natural circulation with forced air circulation, e.g. by fan positioning of a ventilator in or against a conduit with separate ducts for supplied and exhausted air with provisions for reversal of the input and output systems
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
    • A62C37/42—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with mechanical connection between sensor and actuator, e.g. rods, levers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/36—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves actuated in consequence of extraneous circumstances, e.g. shock, change of position
    • F16K17/38—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves actuated in consequence of extraneous circumstances, e.g. shock, change of position of excessive temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L58/00—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation
    • F16L58/02—Protection of pipes or pipe fittings against corrosion or incrustation by means of internal or external coatings
    • F16L58/04—Coatings characterised by the materials used
    • F16L58/08—Coatings characterised by the materials used by metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L9/00—Rigid pipes
    • F16L9/02—Rigid pipes of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/33—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke
    • F24F11/35—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies to fire, excessive heat or smoke by closing air passages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/02—Ducting arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
    • F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
    • F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/24—Means for preventing or suppressing noise
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F7/00—Ventilation
    • F24F7/003—Ventilation in combination with air cleaning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/108—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using dry filter elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/02—Mechanical actuation of the alarm, e.g. by the breaking of a wire
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

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  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
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  • Ventilation (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及管道结构构造领域，具体公开了一种通风管道结构，其包括排风管和送风管，排风管从右至左依次设有排风口、废气处理器、除尘器、风机箱、消声器，排风管左端向下弯曲，排风管弯曲处设有防火阀，排风管弯曲处设有旁通管，旁通管开口端是墙壁式进风口，送风管处在排风管一侧，送风管从上至下设有塔式进风口、过滤风机箱、除尘器、静压箱、防火阀，送风管靠近排风管一侧设有旁通管，旁通管开口处设有百叶式送风口，防火阀包括挡板和形变弹簧，挡板与排风管和送风管的管道内壁铰接，挡板底端中央与管道内壁之间固定连接有形变弹簧，形变弹簧由形变记忆合金制成，当火灾发生，温度升高形变弹簧伸长撑起挡板封堵通风管道，起隔烟阻火作用。

Description

一种通风管道结构
技术领域
本发明涉及管道结构构造领域，具体涉及一种通风管道结构。
背景技术
随着经济发展，城市化进程加快，人群聚集在一起生活工作，为了让空气更好的流通，保证人群呼吸的空气质量，所以通风管道广泛应用在人们生活和工作的各个场所，对通风管道的功能要求也越来越高，在通风过程中，包括排风和送风，两者同时工作进行换气达到通风效果，排出的气体需要处理成无污染状态才能排出，避免对环境造成污染，送进的气体需要处理成能供给呼吸状态，排风和送风过程中还需要除尘、减噪，不能影响人们正常的生活环境，现有的通风管道已经能够解决上述问题，但如果遇到火灾，会继续保持通风状态，加大火势蔓延，造成更大损失。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种当发生火灾时，能够自动封堵管道，停止通风并隔烟阻火，火灾停止以后，又能继续通风的通风管道。
为了达到上述目的，提供的技术方案如下：
一种通风管道结构，包括排风管和送风管，所述排风管从右至左依次设有排风口、废气处理器、除尘器、风机箱、消声器，排风管左端向下弯曲，排风管弯曲处设有防火阀一，排风管弯曲处一侧设有旁通管，旁通管开口端是进风口一，所述送风管处在排风管一侧，送风管从上至下设有进风口二、过滤风机箱、静压箱、防火阀二，送风管靠近排风管一侧设有旁通管，旁通管开口处是送风口，防火阀一和防火阀二均包括挡板和形变弹簧，挡板与排风管和送风管的管道内壁铰接，挡板底端中央与管道内壁之间固定连接有形变弹簧，形变弹簧由形状记忆合金制成，防火阀一和防火阀二的下方连接有二氧化碳灭火器，二氧化碳灭火器悬挂在排风管和送风管的管道外壁上。
本方案的优点在于：排风管中的废气处理器可以将室内气体处理成无污染状态，除尘器可以对室内空气进行净化处理，使粉尘与空气分离，消声器将排风过程降音减噪，送风管中过滤风机箱可以拦截空气中的尘埃粒子，将室外新鲜空气通入室内，送风管中的静压箱在送风过程中能减少动压，增加静压，稳定气流并减少气流震动，使得送风效果更加理想；当火灾发生时，温度升高形变弹簧伸长撑起挡板封堵通风管道，起隔烟阻火作用,挡板运动将联动打开二氧化碳灭火器进行灭火；当火灾熄灭后，温度降低，形变弹簧收缩将挡板拉回，通风管道继续通风。
优选方案一：作为对基础方案的进一步优化，排风管外壁设有报警器，所述防火阀一的挡板上设有刀片，报警器的导线设置在刀片上方，挡板向上运动刀片将报警器导线切断，拉响报警器。
优选方案二：作为对优选方案一的进一步优化，进风口一是墙壁式进风口，进风口二是塔式进风口，墙壁式进风口可以进行壁内安装，不占据室内空间，塔式进风口方便安装在屋顶，吸入室外空气。
优选方案三：作为对优选方案二的进一步优化，送风口是百叶式送风口，百叶式送风口可以调节送风方向和出口气流速度。
优选方案四：作为对优选方案三的进一步优化，进风口二处设有防虫网，在进风口二吸入气体时防虫网可以防止虫类随气体一起进入送风管内。
优选方案五：作为对优选方案四的进一步优化，风机箱和过滤风机箱下端固定连接有减震器，在风机箱和过滤风机箱运作时，减震器能减小风机箱和过滤风机箱震动损坏，延长风机箱和过滤风机箱使用寿命。
优选方案六：作为对优选方案五的进一步优化，排风管和所述送风管均为圆形管，圆形管风道阻力小，制造消耗材料少。
优选方案七：作为对优选方案六的进一步优化，排风管和所述送风管均为镀锌薄钢板制成，镀锌薄钢板具有防腐蚀作用，易于加工制作、能承受较高温度的优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的示意图；
图2为图1中A处局部放大示意图；
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式进一步详细说明：
说明书附图中的附图标记包括：排风管1、送风管2、排风口11、废气处理器12、除尘器13、风机箱14、减震器141、消声器15、防火阀一16、进风口一17、报警器18、进风口二21、防虫网211、过滤风机箱22、静压箱23、防火阀二24、送风口25、挡板121、形变弹簧122、二氧化碳灭火器123、刀片1211。
实施例基本如附图1所示：
一种通风管道结构，如图1所示，包括排风管1和送风管2，排风管1从右至左依次设有排风口11、废气处理器12、除尘器13、风机箱14、消声器15，排风管1左端向下弯曲，排风管1弯曲处设有防火阀一16，排风管1弯曲处一侧设有旁通管，旁通管开口端是进风口一17，进风口一17处在室内用于吸出室内空气，进风口一17是墙壁式进风口，墙壁式进风口可以进行壁内安装，不占据室内空间；送风管2处在排风管1一侧，送风管2从上至下设有进风口二21、过滤风机箱22、静压箱23、防火阀二24，送风管2靠近排风管1一侧设有旁通管，旁通管开口处是送风口25；进风口二21是塔式进风口且开口处设有防虫网211，塔式进风口方便安装在屋顶，吸入室外空气，在进风口二21吸入气体时防虫网211可以防止虫类随气体一起进入送风管2内；送风口25是百叶式送风口25，百叶式送风口25可以调节送风方向和出口气流速度，防火阀一16和防火阀二24均包括挡板121和形变弹簧122，挡板121通过销轴与排风管1和送风管2的管道内壁铰接，销轴固定在排风管1和送风管2的管道内壁上，挡板121底端中央与管道内壁之间固定连接有形变弹簧122，形变弹簧122采用具有双程记忆效应的形状记忆合金制成，双程记忆效应的形状记忆合金采用铜、锌、铝三种金属制成，收缩温度为室温，伸长温度为65℃-85℃，当火灾发生温度升高到65℃-85℃时，形变弹簧122伸长将挡板121撑起挡在通风管道中，封堵通风管道起隔烟阻火作用，当火灾结束，温度恢复到室温，形变弹簧122收缩将挡板122拉动向通风管道内壁靠拢，如图2所示，通风管道继续通风。
防火阀一16和防火阀二24的下方连接有二氧化碳灭火器123，防火阀一16和防火阀二24通过拉线连接二氧化碳灭火器123的安全销，二氧化碳灭火器123悬挂在排风管1和送风管2的管道外壁上，排风管1和送风管2的管道上开设有通孔，二氧化碳灭火器123的喷嘴穿插进通孔里；排风管1外壁设有报警器18，防火阀一16的挡板121上设有刀片1211，报警器18的导线设置在刀片121上方。
风机箱14和过滤风机箱22下端固定连接有减震器141，在风机箱14和过滤风机箱22运作时，减震器141能减小风机箱14和过滤风机箱22震动损坏，延长风机箱14和过滤风机箱22使用寿命。
排风管1和所述送风管2均为圆形管，圆形管风道阻力小，制造消耗材料少。
排风管1和所述送风管2均为镀锌薄钢板制成，镀锌薄钢板具有防腐蚀作用，易于加工制作、能承受较高温度的优点。
具体实施过程如下：
在此管道安装的地方，开启排风管1中的风机箱14，室内空气通过进风口一17进入排风管1中，室内空气通过除尘器13能将粉尘与空气分离，再通过废气处理器12将室内空气处理成无污染危害的气体，经过废气处理器12处理后的室内气体再通过排风口11排出室外，此过程中排风管1中的消声器15能够降音减噪不会对室内造成干扰；同时开启送风管2上的过滤风机箱22，室外新鲜空气通过进风口二21进入送风管2中，室外新鲜空气经过送风管2中过滤风机箱22时，过滤风机箱22可以拦截空气中的尘埃粒子，再通过送风管2中的静压箱23时，静压箱23能减少空气动压，增加静压，稳定气流并减少气流震动，经过静压箱23后的室外新鲜空气通过送风口25进入室内，达到室内室外通风效果，在常温下，排风管1和送风管2中的形变弹簧122呈收缩状态，收缩的形变弹簧122拉动挡板121向管道内壁靠拢，使得排风管1和送风管2处于通风状态，当发生火灾时，温度达到65℃-85℃时，形变弹簧122伸长将挡板121撑起挡在通风管道中，封堵通风管道起隔烟阻火作用；挡板121运动联动拉开二氧化碳灭火器123的安全销，二氧化碳膨胀形成的流速将反向进入进风口排出，具有减小火势的作用；同时防火阀一16的挡板121向上运动，其刀片1211切断报警器导线，提醒管理人员；当火灾结束后，温度恢复到室温，形变弹簧122又收缩将挡板122拉向通风管道内壁靠拢，通风管道继续通风。此通风管道结构还具有集排风、送风于一体，能够除尘、降音减噪的优点，值得推广使用。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施例，方案中公知的具体结构及特性等常识在此未作过多描述。应当指出，对于本领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明结构的前提下，还可以作出若干变形和改进，这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围，这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。本申请要求的保护范围应当以其权利要求的内容为准，说明书中的具体实施方式等记载可以用于解释权利要求的内容。

Claims (8)

1.一种通风管道结构，包括排风管和送风管，其特征在于：所述排风管从右至左依次设有排风口、废气处理器、除尘器、风机箱、消声器，排风管左端向下弯曲，排风管弯曲处设有防火阀一，排风管弯曲处一侧设有旁通管，旁通管开口端是进风口一，所述送风管处在排风管一侧，送风管从上至下设有进风口二、过滤风机箱、静压箱、防火阀二，送风管靠近排风管一侧设有旁通管，旁通管开口处是送风口，防火阀一和防火阀二均包括挡板、形变弹簧，挡板与排风管和送风管的管道内壁铰接，挡板底端中央与管道内壁之间固定连接有形变弹簧，形变弹簧由形状记忆合金制成，防火阀一和防火阀二的下方连接有二氧化碳灭火器，二氧化碳灭火器悬挂在排风管和送风管的管道外壁上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种通风管道结构，其特征在于：所述排风管外壁设有报警器，所述防火阀一的挡板上设有刀片，报警器的导线设置在刀片上方。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种通风管道结构，其特征在于：所述进风口一是墙壁式进风口，所述进风口二是塔式进风口。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种通风管道结构，其特征在于：所述送风口是百叶式送风口。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种通风管道结构，其特征在于：所述进风口二处设有防虫网。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种通风管道结构，其特征在于：所述风机箱和过滤风机箱下端固定连接有减震器。
7.根据权利要求1所述的一种通风管道结构，其特征在于：所述排风管和所述送风管均为圆形管。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种通风管道结构，其特征在于：所述排风管和所述送风管均为镀锌薄钢板制成。
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CN107952191A (zh) * 2016-10-14 2018-04-24 邵宗宝 一种管道灭火装置
CN109186033A (zh) * 2018-09-05 2019-01-11 中铁建设集团有限公司 一种地下库房事故通风与平时通风合用系统
CN209457341U (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-10-01 肖振清 一种防烟排烟系统
CN210240702U (zh) * 2019-08-12 2020-04-03 江西和泰环境科技有限公司 一种高阻隔防火阀

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0824940A2 (de) * 1996-08-23 1998-02-25 Gert Bartholomäus Brandschutzeinrichtung für Lüftungsrohre
CN107952191A (zh) * 2016-10-14 2018-04-24 邵宗宝 一种管道灭火装置
CN109186033A (zh) * 2018-09-05 2019-01-11 中铁建设集团有限公司 一种地下库房事故通风与平时通风合用系统
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