CN115013442B

CN115013442B - Retainer

Info

Publication number: CN115013442B
Application number: CN202210770023.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 程永亮; 麻成标; 马建阳; 刘华; 文寄望
Original assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway Construction Heavy Industry Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-06-30
Filing date: 2022-06-30
Publication date: 2023-10-31
Anticipated expiration: 2042-06-30
Also published as: CN115013442A

Abstract

The application discloses a retainer, which comprises a retainer body and a supporting table; the supporting table is arranged on the retainer body, and the shaping bulge for shaping the raceway is arranged on the supporting table, so that the shaping bulge can shape the raceway surface according to the abrasion of the raceway surface when the retainer body rotates, the maximum contact stress of the raceway surface can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.

Description

Retainer

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of heading machines, in particular to a retainer.

Background

The problems of the retainer of the main bearing of the existing heading machine are as follows: 1. the steel welded copper retainer is welded with copper blocks at the contact position of the retainer and the ferrule to improve friction environment, the whole copper retainer is made of copper material only, and compared with the steel welded copper retainer, the whole copper retainer is high in manufacturing cost, so that the steel welded copper retainer is used more currently, but the steel welded copper retainer also has some defects, because the welding quality is influenced by operators, special detection is needed after welding, the steel welded copper retainer is easy to deform due to residual stress, and the steel welded copper retainer may need to be reprocessed after processing to meet tolerance requirements; 2. when the main bearing of the heading machine normally operates, friction is generated between the retainer and the raceway surface and between the retainer and the guide surface, and unavoidable collision is generated due to the existence of gaps, so that metal peeling and abnormal sound of the raceway surface and the guide surface are extremely easy to generate, and the consumption of the service life of the main bearing of the heading machine is accelerated; 3. in actual use, the raceway surface is worn by the rollers, resulting in an increase in maximum contact stress of the raceway surface and a reduction in the service life of the bearing.

In view of the foregoing, there is a strong need for a cage to solve the problems of deformation caused by residual stress after welding the cage, collision between the cage and the ferrule, and stress increase caused by wear of the raceway surface in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The application aims to provide a retainer, which solves the problems of deformation caused by residual stress after welding, collision between the retainer and a ferrule and stress rise caused by abrasion of a raceway surface in the prior art, and comprises the following specific technical scheme:

a retainer comprises a retainer body and a supporting table; the support table is provided with a shape-modifying bulge; the shape-modifying bulge is contacted with the raceway surface and is used for modifying the shape of the raceway.

Preferably, in the above technical solution, the width X of the shaping protrusion at a certain position is shown in formula 1):

X＝(n·p(x)+1/4D)/2m 1)；

wherein X is the width of the shaping bulge at a certain position; n is the number of all the rollers on the retainer body; p (x) is the shape correction amount of the position corresponding to the same center diameter of the roller and the certain position; d is the diameter of the roller; m is the number of supporting tables on the retainer body.

The above technical scheme is preferable, and the plurality of groups of support tables are arranged along the circumference of the retainer body.

According to the technical scheme, the supporting table comprises two groups of supporting blocks arranged on the retainer body, and the two groups of supporting blocks are respectively contacted with the two groups of raceway surfaces of the bearing.

According to the technical scheme, preferably, the elastic component is arranged between the two groups of supporting blocks of the supporting table and is used for abutting the shape-modifying protrusions against the raceway surface.

The elastic component comprises a belleville spring and a rubber gasket, wherein the belleville spring and the rubber gasket are arranged between the two groups of supporting blocks.

The technical scheme is that the retainer body is provided with a pocket; the support block is provided with a mounting part which is arranged in the pocket; the mounting part is provided with a connecting hole, and the two groups of support blocks are connected with each other through the connecting hole and the screw.

In the above technical scheme, preferably, the supporting block is provided with two groups of shape-modifying protrusions in the circumferential direction of the retainer.

According to the technical scheme, preferably, the two ends of the shape-modifying protrusion extend out of the retainer body, and a lubrication channel is formed among the shape-modifying protrusion, the retainer body and the flange surface of the bearing.

In the above technical scheme, preferably, in the circumferential direction of the retainer body, the outer side surface of the shaping protrusion is a diversion cambered surface.

The technical scheme of the application has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The retainer comprises a retainer body and a supporting table; the supporting table is arranged on the retainer body, and the shape-modifying protrusion for modifying the shape of the roller path is arranged on the supporting table, so that the shape-modifying protrusion can modify the shape of the roller path surface according to the abrasion of the roller path surface when the retainer body rotates, the maximum contact stress of the roller path surface can be effectively reduced, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.

(2) The width X of the shape-modifying bulge at a certain position is set according to the shape-modifying quantity of the roller at a corresponding position, so that the abrasion supplement can be carried out on the raceway surface, namely, the position with more shape-modifying quantity of the roller is correspondingly reduced, and the raceway surface can always reach a flat state.

(3) According to the application, the shape correction effect is ensured by arranging a plurality of groups of supporting tables; the support table comprises two groups of support blocks, and the shape-modifying protrusions of the two groups of support blocks can respectively modify the two groups of raceway surfaces of the bearing.

(4) The elastic component of the application realizes the pretension of the retainer body by pressing the shaping bulge on the roller way surface, and reduces the damage of the vibration of the retainer body to the roller way surface; the elastic component includes belleville spring and rubber gasket, and belleville spring shock attenuation nature is good, and rubber gasket can fill the clearance between two sets of supporting tables (specifically installation department), plays certain sealed effect, avoids tiny impurity to get into, reduces the pollution of external environment to belleville spring, can also avoid two sets of supporting shoe relative inclinations simultaneously.

(5) The retainer disclosed by the application adopts a split type design, namely the retainer body and the supporting block are independently processed and manufactured and then are quickly assembled, the processing precision of the pocket surface and the connection precision of the retainer body and the supporting block can be effectively improved by independent processing, and the influence of residual stress caused by welding and manufacturing can be avoided.

(6) The two groups of shape-modifying bulges on the supporting block can improve shape-modifying efficiency and facilitate the matching of the retainer body to rotate in opposite directions.

(7) The part of the shape-modifying bulge protruding the retainer body, the retainer body and the flange surface of the bearing form a lubrication channel, the part of the shape-modifying bulge protruding the retainer body can be contacted with the flange surface, so that the radial or axial displacement of the retainer body in the bearing is limited, and the lubrication channel can provide a circulation space of lubrication liquid.

(8) According to the application, by arranging the diversion cambered surface, tiny scrap iron generated by abrasion when the roller is in contact with the roller path or the shaping bulge is in contact with the roller path can enter the lubrication channel along the radian direction of the diversion cambered surface along with lubricating oil and is transferred to the groove of the roller path, so that the phenomenon of stress concentration caused by the scrap iron is avoided.

In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, the present application has other objects, features and advantages. The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the cage of the present embodiment mounted on a bearing;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the cage of FIG. 1 (illustrating an axial cage);

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the cage of FIG. 1 (illustrating a radial cage);

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the supporting block of the present embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the support block of FIG. 4 from another perspective;

1, a retainer body; 1.1, pocket holes; 2.a support table; a, a diversion cambered surface; b, connecting holes; c, outwards protruding cambered surfaces; d, accommodating holes; 2.1, supporting blocks; 2.11, shaping the bulge; 2.12, a mounting part; 3. a lubrication channel; 4.a bearing; a, a raceway surface; b, a flange surface.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the application are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, but the application can be implemented in a number of different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.

Examples:

a cage, comprising a cage body 1 and a support table 2, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, specifically as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the cage body 1 of the present embodiment may be a radial cage or an axial cage, and when the cage of the present embodiment is a radial cage (as shown in fig. 3), the support table 2 is vertically disposed on the cage body 1; when the cage of the present embodiment is an axial cage (as shown in fig. 2), the support table 2 is horizontally disposed on the cage body 1, hereinafter, the axial cage is taken as an example;

as shown in fig. 2, the cage body 1 is provided with a plurality of pockets 1.1, and rollers (such as cylindrical rollers, not shown) are installed in the pockets 1.1; the retainer body 1 is first quenched to enhance its structural strength, and then high-precision machining of the retainer body 1 is achieved using tools, improving the contact environment of the retainer body 1 and rollers, and simultaneously improving the connection precision of the retainer body 1 and the support table 2. The cage body 1 is preferably made of steel, and the support table 2 is made of copper.

As shown in fig. 2, the support table 2 of the present embodiment is provided with a plurality of groups (eight groups are schematically shown in fig. 2), the plurality of groups of support tables 2 are disposed at equal intervals along the circumferential direction of the holder body 1, and the structure of the support table 2 is specifically as follows:

as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 4, the supporting table 2 includes two sets of supporting blocks 2.1, the supporting blocks 2.1 are provided with shaping protrusions 2.11, the shaping protrusions 2.11 can contact with the raceway surfaces 4.A, and in this embodiment, the shaping protrusions 2.11 on the two sets of supporting blocks 2.1 respectively shape the two sets of raceway surfaces of the bearing 4; in this embodiment, two sets of shaping protrusions 2.11 are preferably disposed on one set of supporting blocks 2.1, and the two sets of shaping protrusions 2.11 on one set of supporting blocks 2.1 are disposed opposite to each other in the circumferential direction of the cage body 1.

As shown in fig. 5, the width X of the shaping protrusion 2.11 at a certain position is matched with the shaping amount of the roller at a corresponding position, and specifically shown in formula 1):

X＝(n·p(x)+1/4D)/2m 1)；

wherein X is the width of the shaping bulge 2.11 at a certain position; n is the number of all the rollers on the retainer body 1; p (x) is the shape correction amount of the position corresponding to the same central diameter (namely taking the center of the retainer as the center) of the roller and the certain position; d is the diameter of the roller; m is the number of the supporting tables 2 on the retainer body 1.

As shown in fig. 4 and 6, the specific manner of mounting the support stand 2 on the holder body 1 is: the support block 2.1 is provided with a mounting part 2.12 (rectangle), the mounting part 2.12 is matched with the length and width specification of the pocket hole 1.1, the mounting parts 2.12 of the two groups of support tables 2 are arranged in the pocket hole 1.1, the mounting part 2.12 is provided with a connecting hole 2.B (such as a threaded hole), the two groups of support tables 2 are connected to form a whole through the cooperation of a threaded piece (such as a bolt) and the connecting hole 2.B, and the position of the connecting hole 2.B is provided with a sink groove used for placing a bolt head and a nut.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 4 and 6, an elastic component is disposed between two sets of supporting blocks 2.1 of a set of supporting tables 2, and the two sets of supporting blocks 2.1 are abutted against the raceway surface 4.A by setting the elastic component, where the elastic component specifically is: the elastic component comprises belleville springs and rubber gaskets, the mounting parts 2.12 are provided with containing holes 2.D, and the belleville springs are arranged in the containing holes 2.D of the two groups of mounting parts 2.12; the rubber gaskets are arranged between the two sets of mounting parts 2.12.

As shown in fig. 1, two ends of the shaping protrusion 2.11 (i.e. left and right ends in the radial direction of the bearing) extend out of the retainer body 1, a lubrication channel 3 is formed between the portion of the shaping protrusion 2.11 extending out of the retainer body 1, the retainer body 1 and the flange surface 4.B of the bearing 4, and the lubrication channel 3 is convenient for discharging lubrication medium and tiny scrap iron to the groove of the bearing 4.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the arrow in fig. 5 indicates the flow direction of the lubricating medium, in the circumferential direction of the cage body 1, the outer side surface of the shaping protrusion 2.11 on the supporting block 2.1 is a diversion cambered surface 2.A, the diversion cambered surface 2.A can flow along the arc direction of the diversion cambered surface 2.A towards the lubricating channel 3 when the cage body 1 rotates, and the flowing of the lubricating medium can drive the fine scrap iron to flow to the raceway groove.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 6, if the radial retainer is used in the retainer body 1 of the present embodiment, the concave arc surface or the convex arc surface 2.C is machined on one side surface of the support block 2.1 near the retainer body 1, so that the outer arc and the inner arc of the radial retainer can be matched.

Preferably, if the cage body 1 of the present embodiment employs a radial cage, no elastic component is provided between the two support blocks 2.1.

The working principle of the retainer of the embodiment is as follows:

the roller wears the raceway surface 4.A, so the raceway surface 4.A is shaped through the shaping bulge 2.11, and the raceway surface 4.A is ensured to be in a flat state; namely, the retainer body 1 drives the supporting blocks 2.1 to rotate, the shape-modifying protrusions 2.11 at the upper end and the lower end of the retainer can grind and modify the raceway surface 4.A, wherein the width X of the shape-modifying protrusions 2.11 is set according to the shape-modifying quantity at the corresponding position of the roller, and the shape modification can be effectively carried out on the abrasion condition on the raceway surface 4. A.

The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A retainer, which is characterized by comprising a retainer body (1) and a supporting table (2); a shaping bulge (2.11) is arranged on the supporting table (2); the shaping bulge (2.11) is contacted with the raceway surface (4. A) and is used for shaping the raceway;

the supporting table (2) comprises two groups of supporting blocks (2.1) arranged on the retainer body (1) and an elastic component arranged between the two groups of supporting blocks (2.1), and the two groups of supporting blocks (2.1) are respectively contacted with two groups of raceway surfaces (4. A) of the bearing (4);

an elastic component is arranged between two groups of supporting blocks (2.1) of the supporting table (2), and the elastic component is used for abutting the shape-modifying protrusions (2.11) against the raceway surface (4. A).

2. Cage according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the shaped projections (2.11) in a certain positionAs shown in formula 1):

1）；

wherein ,is the width of the shaping bulge (2.11) at a certain position; />The number of all the rollers on the retainer body (1); />The shape correction amount is the shape correction amount of the position corresponding to the same center diameter of the roller and the certain position; />Is the diameter of the roller; />The number of the supporting tables (2) on the retainer body (1).

3. Cage according to claim 1, characterized in that the sets of support tables (2) are arranged in the circumferential direction of the cage body (1).

4. Cage according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic assembly comprises a belleville spring and a rubber gasket arranged between two sets of support blocks (2.1).

5. Cage according to claim 1, characterized in that the cage body (1) is provided with pockets (1.1); the support block (2.1) is provided with a mounting part (2.12), and the mounting part (2.12) is arranged in the pocket (1.1); the mounting part (2.12) is provided with a connecting hole (2. B), and the two groups of support blocks (2.1) are connected with the screw member through the connecting hole (2. B).

6. Cage according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the support blocks (2.1) are provided with two sets of profiling protrusions (2.11) opposite each other in the circumferential direction of the cage.

7. Cage according to claim 6, characterized in that the two ends of the shaped projection (2.11) extend outside the cage body (1), and that a lubrication channel (3) is formed between the shaped projection (2.11), the cage body (1) and the flange surface (4. B) of the bearing (4).

8. Cage according to claim 7, characterized in that the outer side of the shaped bulge (2.11) is a deflector camber surface (2. A) in the circumferential direction of the cage body (1).