CN115011090B - Degradable material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Degradable material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115011090B CN115011090B CN202210623819.8A CN202210623819A CN115011090B CN 115011090 B CN115011090 B CN 115011090B CN 202210623819 A CN202210623819 A CN 202210623819A CN 115011090 B CN115011090 B CN 115011090B
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- percha
- gutta
- polylactic acid
- degradable material
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000000899 Gutta-Percha Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 240000000342 Palaquium gutta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 229920000588 gutta-percha Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000004965 peroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229940070527 tourmaline Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052613 tourmaline Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011032 tourmaline Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000208689 Eucommia ulmoides Species 0.000 claims description 6
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001255 4-fluorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1F 0.000 claims description 4
- LPDCCJNPKJCPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N ClC=1C(=C(C(=CC1)C(=O)OO)Cl)Cl Chemical compound ClC=1C(=C(C(=CC1)C(=O)OO)Cl)Cl LPDCCJNPKJCPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SCKXCAADGDQQCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Performic acid Chemical compound OOC=O SCKXCAADGDQQCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006735 epoxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- PWVFOQJSCOFXFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-5-(4-fluorophenyl)furan-3-carbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=C(N)OC(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=C1 PWVFOQJSCOFXFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010041 electrostatic spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BSKJUAKMZZKMKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-ditert-butyl-3,4-di(propan-2-yl)benzene Chemical compound CC(C)C1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1C(C)C BSKJUAKMZZKMKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(tert-butylperoxy)-2,5-dimethylhexane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)CCC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C DMWVYCCGCQPJEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010102 injection blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L67/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
- A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
- A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/18—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from other substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2296—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of zinc
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/12—Applications used for fibers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a degradable material, a preparation method and application thereof. The invention adopts furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer to modify polylactic acid and gutta-percha, utilizes chemical reaction of furfuryl in furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer to form a reticular cross-linked structure by using polylactic acid and gutta-percha molecular chain, improves the integral impact resistance of the material, and has the characteristics of repeated utilization, lasting filtering effect, biodegradability and the like when used for preparing the mask.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of degradable materials, in particular to a degradable material, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Polylactic acid (PLA) is a polyester polymer obtained by taking lactic acid as a raw material for polymerization, and is a completely biodegradable material. The polylactic acid has good thermal stability, processing temperature of 170-230 ℃ and softening temperature of about 55 ℃, has good solvent resistance, can be processed in various modes, such as extrusion, spinning, biaxial stretching, injection blow molding and the like, and has wide application prospect in various fields of daily necessities, packaging, medical treatment, spinning, electronic appliances and the like.
The current gauze mask raw materials mainly is polypropylene melt-blown material, because the gauze mask is mostly disposable product, uses polypropylene as the raw materials to lead to the production of a large amount of abandonment gauze masks, and treatment cost is high, produces a large amount of difficult rubbish of handling easily, and disposable gauze mask leads to the life cycle of gauze mask short, brings a large amount of wasting of resources. In order to solve the problems that the mask can only be used once and the waste mask is difficult to treat, a novel mask raw material needs to be developed to solve the problems.
Patent CN114045610 a obtains a polylactic acid solution by dissolving polylactic acid in an organic solvent; dispersing biomass silicon dioxide materials in the polylactic acid solution, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion treatment to obtain a suspension; and placing the suspension in an electrostatic spinning machine for electrostatic spinning film forming to obtain the degradable mask, wherein the method cannot solve the problem of recycling the mask.
Patent CN112726025 a prepares a degradable mask material by using polylactic acid, polycaprolactone, modified tourmaline, nucleating agent, toughening agent and the like, and the mask prepared by the method cannot be reused.
Patent CN112773019 a discloses a protective mask capable of being repeatedly washed and a preparation process thereof, polypropylene melt-blown materials are used as raw materials, the washing times can reach 20 times, but polypropylene is difficult to degrade, and the problem of waste treatment of a final mask cannot be solved.
The mask material can not solve the problems of degradation and repeated use of the mask at the same time, and a new solution is required to be found to solve the problems of degradation and repeated use of the mask material.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a recyclable and degradable mask material and a preparation method thereof. The mask material prepared by the invention has the characteristics of repeated use, lasting filtering effect, biodegradability and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the degradable material is prepared from the following raw material components in percentage by weight:
81-94%, preferably 85-91% of modified polylactic acid;
5-15%, preferably 7-13% of modified gutta-percha;
electret material 0.5-5%, preferably 1-3%.
Further, the modified polylactic acid is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
100 parts of polylactic acid;
furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer, 0.5-5 parts, preferably 1-3 parts;
solvent one, 500-2000 parts, preferably 800-1800 parts;
0.01 to 0.2 part of catalyst, preferably 0.05 to 0.1 part;
peroxide, 0.1-0.5 parts.
Further, the first solvent is a solvent capable of dissolving polylactic acid, such as dichloromethane, chloroform, acetone, N-dimethylformamide and the like.
The catalyst is a substance which can promote the reaction of amino and carboxyl, such as 4-dimethylaminopyridine, phosphoric acid and the like.
Further, the peroxide is one or more of dicumyl peroxide, di-tert-butyl dicumyl peroxide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (tert-butyl peroxide) hexane and di-tert-butyl peroxide.
Further, the furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer is a monomer having both furfuryl, amino and fluorine atoms, preferably 4- (difluoromethyl) -6- (2-furfuryl) -2-hydrazinium, 2-amino-5- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-furfuryl nitrile.
The preparation method of the modified polylactic acid comprises the following steps: dissolving polylactic acid in a solvent, adding furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer and catalyst, stirring, drying in a vacuum oven after the reaction is finished, and removing the solvent and the catalyst; and uniformly mixing the dried modified polylactic acid with peroxide, and extruding and granulating by a double-screw extruder to obtain the modified polylactic acid with high melt index.
Further, the reaction raw materials can be mixed by a high-speed mixer under the following mixing conditions: the temperature is 10-50 ℃, the rotating speed is 100-500 rpm, preferably 200-400 rpm, and the mixing time is 3-10 min, preferably 4-8 min; the dissolution conditions were: the temperature is 30-120 ℃, the rotating speed is 50-200 rpm, preferably 80-150 rpm, and the time is 1-5 h; the reaction conditions are as follows: the temperature is 30-50 ℃, the rotating speed is 50-300 rpm, preferably 100-200 rpm, and the time is 10-24 h; the drying condition is that the vacuum degree is-0.06 to-0.08 MPa, the temperature is 50-80 ℃ and the time is 8-12 h; the operating conditions of the screw extruder were: the screw temperature is 170-200 ℃, preferably 175-195 ℃, and the rotation speed is 150-500 rpm, preferably 200-400 rpm.
Further, the melt index (190 ℃ C., 2.16 kg) of the polylactic acid is 3 to 30g/10min, preferably 10 to 25g/10min.
Further, the modified gutta-percha is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
100 parts of epoxidized eucommia ulmoides gum;
furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer, 0.5-5 parts, preferably 1-3 parts.
Further, the epoxidized gutta-percha is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
s1, gutta-percha, 100 parts;
s2, 15-40 parts, preferably 20-35 parts of peroxy acid.
S3, solvent II, 500-1000 parts.
The peroxy acid is an acid containing peroxy-O-O-in the molecule, preferably trichloroperoxybenzoic acid, peroxyformic acid, peroxyacetic acid.
The second solvent is solvent for dissolving gutta percha, such as cyclohexane, toluene, xylene, etc.
Further, the gutta-percha is natural gutta-percha.
The preparation method of the epoxidized gutta-percha comprises the following steps: dissolving gutta-percha in a second solvent, adding peroxyacid, stirring, drying in a vacuum oven after the reaction is finished, removing the solvent and the peroxyacid, and preparing the epoxidized gutta-percha;
gutta-percha can be dissolved at the temperature of 10-50 ℃, can be accelerated by stirring, and has the stirring speed of 50-200 rpm, preferably 80-150 rpm, and the time of 1-5 h; the conditions of the eucommia ulmoides gum epoxidation are as follows: the temperature is 10-50 ℃, the stirring rotation speed is 50-300 rpm, preferably 100-200 rpm, and the time is 1-5 h; the drying condition is that the vacuum degree is-0.06 to-0.08 MPa, the temperature is 50-80 ℃ and the time is 8-12 h.
Further, the preparation method of the modified gutta-percha comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the epoxidized gutta-percha and furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer, and extruding and granulating by a double-screw extruder to obtain the modified gutta-percha.
Further, the epoxidized gutta-percha and the furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer can be mixed by a high mixer, the mixing temperature is 10-50 ℃, the rotating speed of the high mixer is 100-500 rpm, preferably 200-400 rpm, and the mixing time is 3-10 min, preferably 4-8 min; the operating conditions of the screw extruder were: the screw temperature is 150 to 200 ℃, preferably 160 to 190 ℃, and the rotating speed is 150 to 500rpm, preferably 200 to 400rpm.
Further, the electret material is an inorganic electret material, preferably barium titanate (BaTiO 3 ) Zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide (A1) 2 O 3 ) One or more of tourmaline and silicon dioxide.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the degradable material, which comprises the steps of uniformly mixing the modified polylactic acid, the modified gutta-percha and the electret material, and extruding and granulating by a double-screw extruder to obtain the degradable material.
Further, the reaction raw materials can be mixed by a high-speed mixer under the following mixing conditions: the temperature is 10-40 ℃, the rotating speed is 100-500 rpm, preferably 200-400 rpm, and the mixing time is 3-8 min, preferably 4-7 min; the operating conditions of the screw extruder were: the screw temperature is 170-200 ℃, preferably 175-195 ℃, and the rotation speed is 200-600 rpm, preferably 250-500 rpm.
The invention also provides application of the degradable material, and a degradable mask is prepared from the degradable material.
The invention uses gutta percha to toughen polylactic acid, so as to improve the impact resistance of the polylactic acid melt-blown material; the melt-blown material formed by mixing polylactic acid and eucommia ulmoides gum is softened and deformed in hot water, and originally dense pores are loosened, so that adsorbed dust can be washed away, and the mask can be reused; the chemical reaction of furfuryl in the furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer is utilized to form a reticular cross-linking structure by using polylactic acid and gutta-percha molecular chains, and the disordered expansion of pores is limited, so that the originally compact pores are restored when the softening temperature of the polylactic acid and the gutta-percha is lower, and meanwhile, the formed reticular structure is utilized to disperse the received local impact, so that the integral impact resistance of the material is improved; the fluorine atoms in the furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer are used for forming a coordinated action with the electret material, so that the long-term existence of charges is maintained, and the adsorption capacity of the material to dust is maintained.
The invention effectively solves the problems that the existing polypropylene mask is difficult to degrade and reuse, and the mask material prepared by the invention has the characteristics of reusability, lasting filtering effect, biodegradability and the like.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be further illustrated by means of specific examples which are given solely by way of illustration of the invention and do not limit the scope thereof.
The raw material information used in the examples and comparative examples is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Main raw Material information
The test method adopted by the invention is as follows:
(1) Impact strength: impact strength according to standard ISO 179, cantilever beam, spline size 80mm x 10mm x 4mm, type A notch;
(2) The recycling performance: preparing a degradable non-woven fabric from the prepared degradable mask material after melt spinning, preparing the degradable non-woven fabric into a degradable mask, performing ultrasonic treatment on the mask after use in water at about 70 ℃ for 3min, and repeating 5 times to test the filtering efficiency of the mask;
(3) Disintegration experiment: the disintegration test is carried out according to the standard GB/T19277.1 under the conditions of humidity of 60 percent and temperature of 58 ℃ for 12 weeks, and whether the number of particles with the size less than 2mm is more than 90 percent is judged as the standard.
The invention adopts the following equipment:
high-speed mixer: 120L pot type high-speed mixer, suzhou Song Yuan environmental protection technology Co., ltd;
twin screw extruder: the twin-screw extruder used was a product of Keplon mechanical Co., ltd, model ZSK 32Mc;
injection molding machine: ningbo sea plastic machine group Co., ltd, model MA600 IIS/130.
Example 1
(1) Preparing the epoxidized eucommia ulmoides gum:
dissolving 10kg of gutta-percha in 80kg of cyclohexane at 30 ℃ at 120rpm for 3 hours; adding 2.5kg of trichloroperoxybenzoic acid, stirring at 30deg.C and 150rpm for 3h, and drying in a vacuum oven under vacuum degree-0.07 MPa at 50deg.C for 9h to obtain epoxidized gutta-percha.
(2) Preparation of modified gutta-percha:
10kg of the obtained epoxidized gutta-percha and 0.2kg of 4- (difluoromethyl) -6- (2-furfuryl) -2-hydrazinopyrimidine are premixed by a high mixer, wherein the premixing temperature is 30 ℃, the rotating speed is 300rpm, and the mixing time is 6min; then extruding by a double screw extruder, granulating, setting the screw temperature from a feed inlet to a machine head section at 150 ℃, 160 ℃,200 ℃,180 ℃, 175 ℃, 170 ℃, 190 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300rpm, and obtaining the modified gutta-percha.
(3) Preparation of modified high melting point polylactic acid:
100kg of polylactic acid FY401 is dissolved in 800kg of dichloromethane at a temperature of 30 ℃ and a rotating speed of 120rpm for 3 hours; adding 2kg of 4- (difluoromethyl) -6- (2-furfuryl) -2-hydrazinopyrimidine and 0.08kg of phosphoric acid, stirring at 40 ℃ at a rotating speed of 150rpm for 15 hours, and drying in a vacuum oven at a vacuum degree of-0.07 MPa at a temperature of 60 ℃ for 9 hours after the reaction is finished; premixing the dried modified polylactic acid and 0.2kg of dicumyl peroxide by a high-speed mixer at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300rpm for 6min; then extruding by a double screw extruder, granulating, setting the screw temperature from a feed inlet to a machine head section at 170 ℃,180 ℃,200 ℃,180 ℃, 175 ℃, 195 ℃ and the rotating speed of 300rpm, and obtaining the modified polylactic acid.
(4) Preparation of reusable degradable mask material:
premixing 87.9kg of the obtained modified polylactic acid, 10kg of modified gutta-percha, 0.6kg of tourmaline and 1.5kg of silicon dioxide by a high mixer at a temperature of 25 ℃ and a rotating speed of 300rpm for 6min; extruding by a double-screw extruder, granulating, and setting the screw temperature from a feed inlet to a machine head section to 170 ℃,180 ℃,200 ℃,180 ℃, 175 ℃, 195 ℃ and the rotating speed of 400rpm to obtain the reusable degradable mask material.
Example 2
(1) The epoxidized gutta-percha is prepared by the following components:
gutta-percha, 10kg;
1.5kg of peroxyformic acid;
toluene, 50kg.
Dissolving gutta-percha in toluene at 10deg.C and 50rpm for 1 hr; adding peroxy acid, stirring at 10deg.C at 50rpm for 5 hr, and drying in vacuum oven under vacuum degree of-0.06 MPa at 80deg.C for 8 hr to obtain epoxidized gutta-percha.
(2) The modified gutta-percha is prepared from the following components:
10kg of epoxidized gutta-percha;
2-amino-5- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-furonitrile, 0.05kg.
Premixing the obtained epoxidized gutta-percha and furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer by adopting a high mixer, wherein the premixing temperature is 10 ℃, the rotating speed is 100rpm, and the mixing time is 10min; then extruding by a double screw extruder, granulating, setting the screw temperature from a feed inlet to a machine head section at 150 ℃, 160 ℃, 190 ℃,180 ℃, 175 ℃, 170 ℃,180 ℃ and the rotating speed of 150rpm, and obtaining the modified gutta-percha.
(3) The modified high melt index polylactic acid is prepared from the following components:
polylactic acid LX575, 100kg;
2-amino-5- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-furfuronitrile, 0.5kg;
chloroform, 2000kg;
4-dimethylaminopyridine, 0.01kg;
0.5kg of di-tert-butyl diisopropylbenzene peroxide.
Dissolving polylactic acid in 2000kg of chloroform at 50 ℃ and 50rpm for 4 hours; adding furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer and 4-dimethylaminopyridine, stirring at 30 ℃, rotating at 50rpm for 24 hours, and drying in a vacuum oven at the vacuum degree of-0.08 MPa for 12 hours after the reaction is finished; premixing the dried modified polylactic acid and peroxide by a high-speed mixer at 10 ℃ and 100rpm for 10min; then extruding by a double screw extruder, granulating, setting the screw temperature from a feed inlet to a machine head section at 170 ℃,180 ℃, 190 ℃,180 ℃, 175 ℃, 195 ℃ and the rotating speed at 150rpm, and obtaining the modified polylactic acid.
(4) The reusable degradable mask material is prepared from the following components:
92.9kg of modified polylactic acid;
modified gutta-percha, 5kg;
0.1kg of tourmaline;
barium titanate, 2kg.
Premixing the modified polylactic acid and the modified gutta-percha obtained by the above steps by adopting a high-speed mixer, wherein the premixing temperature is 10 ℃, the rotating speed is 100rpm, and the mixing time is 8min; extruding by a double-screw extruder, granulating, and setting the screw temperature from a feed inlet to a machine head section to 170 ℃,180 ℃, 190 ℃,180 ℃, 175 ℃, 195 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200rpm to obtain the reusable degradable mask material.
Example 3
(1) The epoxidized gutta-percha is prepared by the following components:
gutta-percha, 20kg;
peroxyacetic acid, 8kg;
xylene, 400kg.
Dissolving gutta-percha in cyclohexane at 50deg.C at 200rpm for 5 hr; adding peroxy acid, stirring at 50deg.C at 300rpm for 1 hr, and drying in vacuum oven under vacuum degree of-0.08 MPa at 80deg.C for 12 hr to obtain epoxidized gutta-percha.
(2) The modified gutta-percha is prepared from the following components:
15kg of epoxidized gutta-percha;
4- (difluoromethyl) -6- (2-furfuryl) -2-hydrazinium, 0.75kg.
Premixing the obtained epoxidized gutta-percha and furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer by adopting a high mixer, wherein the premixing temperature is 50 ℃, the rotating speed is 500rpm, and the mixing time is 3min; then extruding by a double screw extruder, granulating, setting the screw temperature from the feed inlet to the head section at 150 ℃, 160 ℃, 190 ℃,200 ℃, 175 ℃, 170 ℃,180 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500rpm, and obtaining the modified gutta-percha.
(3) The modified high melt index polylactic acid is prepared from the following components:
polylactic acid L105, 100kg;
5kg of 4- (difluoromethyl) -6- (2-furfuryl) -2-hydrazinium;
acetone, 500kg;
phosphoric acid, 0.2kg;
0.1kg of 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (t-butylperoxy) hexane.
Dissolving polylactic acid in 500kg of acetone at 50 ℃ and 200rpm for 3 hours; adding furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer and phosphoric acid, stirring at 50deg.C at 300rpm for 10 hr, and drying in a vacuum oven at-0.06 MPa for 8 hr at 50deg.C; premixing the dried modified polylactic acid and peroxide by a high-speed mixer, wherein the premixing temperature is 50 ℃, the rotating speed is 500rpm, and the mixing time is 3min; then extruding by a double screw extruder, granulating, setting the screw temperature from a feed inlet to a machine head section at 170 ℃,180 ℃, 190 ℃,200 ℃, 175 ℃, 195 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500rpm, and obtaining the modified polylactic acid.
(4) The reusable degradable mask material is prepared from the following components:
82.5kg of modified polylactic acid;
15kg of modified gutta-percha;
zinc oxide, 2kg;
silica, 0.5kg.
Premixing the obtained modified polylactic acid and modified gutta-percha with a high mixer, wherein the premixing temperature is 40 ℃, the rotating speed is 500rpm, and the mixing time is 3min; extruding by a double-screw extruder, granulating, and setting the screw temperature from a feed inlet to a machine head section to 170 ℃,180 ℃, 190 ℃,200 ℃, 175 ℃, 195 ℃ and the rotating speed of 600rpm to obtain the reusable degradable mask material.
Example 4
(1) The epoxidized gutta-percha is prepared by the following components:
gutta-percha, 20kg;
trichloroperoxybenzoic acid, 7kg;
cyclohexane, 360kg.
Dissolving gutta-percha in cyclohexane at 40 deg.C at 150rpm for 4 hr; adding peroxy acid, stirring at 40deg.C at 200rpm for 2 hr, and drying in vacuum oven under vacuum degree of-0.08 MPa at 70deg.C for 10 hr to obtain epoxidized gutta-percha.
(2) The modified gutta-percha is prepared from the following components:
15kg of epoxidized gutta-percha;
4- (difluoromethyl) -6- (2-furfuryl) -2-hydrazinium, 0.45kg.
Premixing the obtained epoxidized gutta-percha and furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer by adopting a high mixer, wherein the premixing temperature is 40 ℃, the rotating speed is 400rpm, and the mixing time is 4min; then extruding by a double screw extruder, granulating, setting the screw temperature from a feed inlet to a machine head section at 150 ℃, 160 ℃, 190 ℃,200 ℃, 175 ℃, 190 ℃ and the rotating speed of 400rpm, and obtaining the modified gutta-percha.
(3) The modified high melt index polylactic acid is prepared from the following components:
polylactic acid L130, 100kg;
3kg of 4- (difluoromethyl) -6- (2-furfuryl) -2-hydrazinium;
1200kg of N, N-dimethylformamide;
4-dimethylaminopyridine, 0.1kg;
di-tert-butyl peroxide, 0.3kg.
Polylactic acid is dissolved in 1200kg of N, N-dimethylformamide at 120 ℃ and at a rotating speed of 150rpm for 1 hour; adding furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer and 4-dimethylaminopyridine, stirring at 40deg.C at 200rpm for 16 hr, and drying in vacuum oven at-0.07 MPa for 10 hr at 80 deg.C; premixing the dried modified polylactic acid and peroxide by a high-speed mixer at 40 ℃ and 400rpm for 4min; then extruding by a double screw extruder, granulating, setting the screw temperature from a feed inlet to a machine head section at 170 ℃,180 ℃, 190 ℃,200 ℃, 190 ℃, 185 ℃, 175 ℃, 195 ℃ and the rotating speed of 400rpm, and obtaining the modified polylactic acid.
(4) The reusable degradable mask material is prepared from the following components:
85kg of modified polylactic acid;
13kg of modified gutta-percha;
tourmaline, 1kg;
alumina, 1kg.
Premixing the modified polylactic acid and the modified gutta-percha obtained by the above steps by adopting a high mixer, wherein the premixing temperature is 30 ℃, the rotating speed is 400rpm, and the mixing time is 7min; extruding by a double-screw extruder, granulating, and setting the screw temperature from a feed inlet to a machine head section to 170 ℃,180 ℃, 190 ℃,200 ℃, 190 ℃, 185 ℃, 175 ℃, 195 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500rpm to obtain the reusable degradable mask material.
Example 5
(1) The epoxidized gutta-percha is prepared by the following components:
gutta-percha, 10kg;
2kg of peroxyformic acid;
toluene, 120kg.
Dissolving gutta-percha in cyclohexane at 20deg.C at 80rpm for 2 hr; adding peroxy acid, stirring at 20deg.C at 100rpm for 4 hr, and drying in vacuum oven under vacuum degree of-0.07 MPa at 60deg.C for 11 hr to obtain epoxidized gutta-percha.
(2) The modified gutta-percha is prepared from the following components:
10kg of epoxidized gutta-percha;
2-amino-5- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-furonitrile, 0.1kg.
Premixing the obtained epoxidized gutta-percha and furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer by adopting a high mixer, wherein the premixing temperature is 20 ℃, the rotating speed is 100-200 rpm, and the mixing time is 8min; then extruding by a double screw extruder, granulating, setting the screw temperature from a feed inlet to a machine head section at 150 ℃, 160 ℃,200 ℃, 185 ℃,180 ℃, 175 ℃, 190 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200rpm, and obtaining the modified gutta-percha.
(3) The modified high melt index polylactic acid is prepared from the following components:
polylactic acid REVODE110, 100kg;
1kg of 2-amino-5- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-furfuronitrile;
1800kg of chloroform;
phosphoric acid, 0.05kg;
dicumyl peroxide, 0.4kg.
Dissolving polylactic acid in 1800kg of chloroform at 30 ℃ and 80rpm for 5 hours; adding furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer and phosphoric acid, stirring at 30deg.C at 100rpm for 20h, and drying in a vacuum oven under vacuum degree-0.08 MPa at 80deg.C for 11h; premixing the dried modified polylactic acid and peroxide by a high-speed mixer at 20 ℃ and at a rotating speed of 200rpm for 8min; then extruding by a double screw extruder, granulating, setting the screw temperature from a feed inlet to a machine head section at 170 ℃,180 ℃,200 ℃, 185 ℃, 175 ℃, 190 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200rpm, and obtaining the modified polylactic acid.
(4) The reusable degradable mask material is prepared from the following components:
89.7kg of modified polylactic acid;
7kg of modified gutta-percha;
0.3kg of tourmaline;
3kg of silicon dioxide.
Premixing the modified polylactic acid and the modified gutta-percha obtained by the above steps by adopting a high mixer, wherein the premixing temperature is 20 ℃, the rotating speed is 200rpm, and the mixing time is 4min; then extruding and granulating by a double-screw extruder, wherein the screw temperature is set to 170 ℃,180 ℃,200 ℃, 185 ℃, 175 ℃, 190 ℃ and the rotating speed is 250rpm from a feed inlet to a machine head section, so as to obtain the reusable degradable mask material.
Comparative example 1
A recyclable degradable mask material was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that steps (1) and (2) were not included in the preparation process, and modified gutta percha was not added in step (4), i.e., the raw materials included only PLA, furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer, peroxide, tourmaline, and silica having the same mass as in example.
Comparative example 2
A recyclable degradable mask material was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that step (2) was not included in the preparation process, the epoxy gutta percha was not modified, and furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer was not added in step (3).
Comparative example 3
A reusable degradable mask material was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that peroxide was not added in step (3) of the preparation process.
Comparative example 4
A reusable degradable mask material was prepared in substantially the same manner as in example 1, except that tourmaline and silicon dioxide were not added in step (4).
The modified polylactic acid materials prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were subjected to the respective performance tests in Table 2, and the test results are as follows:
TABLE 2 results of product Performance test
From the test results of the performances in Table 2, it can be seen that the material of the invention can be used for manufacturing degradable masks, the manufactured masks meet the filtering requirement, and the mask material prepared by the invention has the characteristics of repeated use, lasting filtering effect and biodegradability.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and additions may be made to those skilled in the art without departing from the method of the present invention, which modifications and additions are also to be considered as within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (32)
1. The degradable material is characterized by being prepared from the following raw material components in percentage by weight:
81-94% of modified polylactic acid;
5-15% of modified gutta-percha;
electret material, 0.5% -5%;
the modified polylactic acid is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
100 parts of polylactic acid;
0.5 to 5 parts of furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer;
solvent I, 500-2000 parts;
0.01 to 0.2 part of catalyst;
peroxide, 0.1-0.5 part;
the preparation method of the modified polylactic acid comprises the following steps: dissolving polylactic acid in a solvent, adding furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer and catalyst, stirring, drying in a vacuum oven after the reaction is finished, and removing the solvent and the catalyst; uniformly mixing the dried modified polylactic acid with peroxide, and extruding and granulating by a double-screw extruder to obtain the modified polylactic acid;
the modified gutta-percha is prepared from the following components in parts by mass:
100 parts of epoxidized eucommia ulmoides gum;
0.5 to 5 parts of furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer;
the preparation method of the modified gutta-percha comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the epoxidized gutta-percha and furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer, and extruding and granulating by a double-screw extruder to obtain modified gutta-percha;
the catalyst is a substance capable of promoting the reaction of amino and carboxyl and is selected from one or more of 4-dimethylaminopyridine and phosphoric acid;
the furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer is 4- (difluoromethyl) -6- (2-furfuryl) -2-hydrazinium or 2-amino-5- (4-fluorophenyl) -3-furfuryl nitrile.
2. The degradable material according to claim 1, characterized in that it is prepared from the following raw material components in weight percent:
85-91% of modified polylactic acid;
7-13% of modified gutta-percha;
electret material 1-3%.
3. The degradable material according to claim 1, wherein the modified polylactic acid is prepared by the following components in parts by mass:
100 parts of polylactic acid;
1-3 parts of furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer;
solvent I, 800-1800 parts;
0.05 to 0.1 part of catalyst;
peroxide, 0.1-0.5 parts.
4. The degradable material according to claim 1, wherein the solvent one is a solvent which can dissolve polylactic acid, and is selected from one or more of dichloromethane, chloroform, acetone, N-dimethylformamide.
5. The degradable material of claim 1, wherein the peroxide is one or more of dicumyl peroxide, di-t-butyl dicumyl peroxide, 2, 5-dimethyl-2, 5-bis (t-butyl peroxide) hexane, di-t-butyl peroxide.
6. The degradable material according to claim 1, characterized in that the melt index of the polylactic acid at 190 ℃,2.16kg is 3-30 g/10min.
7. The degradable material according to claim 6, wherein the melt index of the polylactic acid is 10 to 25g/10min at 190 ℃ under 2.16 kg.
8. The degradable material of claim 1, wherein,
when the modified polylactic acid is prepared, the reaction raw materials are mixed by a high-speed mixer, and the mixing conditions are as follows: the temperature is 10-50 ℃, the rotating speed is 100-500 rpm, and the mixing time is 3-10 min.
9. The degradable material according to claim 8, wherein the reaction raw materials are mixed by a high-speed mixer during the preparation of the modified polylactic acid, and the mixing conditions are as follows: the rotating speed is 200-400 rpm, and the mixing time is 4-8 min.
10. The degradable material according to claim 1, wherein the conditions for dissolution in the preparation of the modified polylactic acid are: the temperature is 30-120 ℃, the rotating speed is 50-200 rpm, and the time is 1-5 h.
11. The degradable material according to claim 1, wherein the reaction conditions for the preparation of the modified polylactic acid are: the temperature is 30-50 ℃, the rotating speed is 50-300 rpm, and the time is 10-24 h.
12. The degradable material of claim 11, wherein the reaction conditions for the preparation of the modified polylactic acid are: the temperature is 30-50 ℃ and the rotating speed is 100-200 rpm.
13. The degradable material according to claim 1, wherein the modified polylactic acid is prepared under the drying conditions of vacuum degree of-0.06 to-0.08 MPa, temperature of 50-80 ℃ and time of 8-12 h.
14. The degradable material of claim 1, wherein the screw extruder for the preparation of the modified polylactic acid is operated under the following conditions: the temperature of the screw is 170-200 ℃ and the rotating speed is 150-500 rpm.
15. The degradable material of claim 14, wherein the screw extruder for the preparation of the modified polylactic acid is operated under the following conditions: the temperature of the screw is 175-195 ℃ and the rotating speed is 200-400 rpm.
16. The degradable material according to claim 1, wherein the modified gutta-percha is prepared by the following components in parts by mass:
100 parts of epoxidized eucommia ulmoides gum;
1 to 3 parts of furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer.
17. The degradable material according to claim 1, wherein the epoxidized gutta-percha is prepared by the following components in parts by mass:
s1, gutta-percha, 100 parts;
s2, 15-40 parts of peroxy acid;
s3, solvent II, 500-1000 parts.
18. The degradable material according to claim 17, wherein the epoxidized gutta-percha is prepared by the following components in parts by mass:
s1, gutta-percha, 100 parts;
s2, 20-35 parts of peroxy acid;
s3, solvent II, 500-1000 parts.
19. The degradable material of claim 17, wherein the peroxyacid is an acid containing peroxy-O-in the molecule selected from trichloroperoxybenzoic acid, peroxyformic acid, peroxyacetic acid.
20. The degradable material of claim 17, wherein the second solvent is a solvent capable of dissolving gutta percha, and is selected from one or more of cyclohexane, toluene, and xylene.
21. The degradable material of claim 17, wherein the gutta percha is a natural gutta percha.
22. The degradable material of claim 17, wherein the preparation method of the epoxidized gutta percha comprises: dissolving gutta-percha in a second solvent, adding peroxyacid, stirring, drying in a vacuum oven after the reaction is finished, and removing the solvent and the peroxyacid to obtain the epoxidized gutta-percha.
23. The degradable material according to claim 22, wherein gutta percha is dissolved at a temperature of 10-50 ℃ by stirring at a speed of 50-200 rpm for 1-5 hours.
24. The degradable material of claim 22, wherein the conditions for the epoxidation of gutta percha are: the temperature is 10-50 ℃, the stirring speed is 50-300 rpm, and the time is 1-5 h.
25. The degradable material according to claim 22, wherein the drying condition is vacuum degree-0.06 to-0.08 MPa, temperature 50-80 ℃ and time 8-12 h.
26. The degradable material according to claim 1, wherein the epoxidized gutta percha and the furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer are mixed by a high mixer at a mixing temperature of 10-50 ℃, a rotational speed of 100-500 rpm and a mixing time of 3-10 min; the operating conditions of the screw extruder were: the temperature of the screw is 150-200 ℃ and the rotating speed is 150-500 rpm.
27. The degradable material according to claim 26, wherein the epoxidized gutta percha and the furfuryl-amino-fluorine atom monomer are mixed by a high mixer at a mixing temperature of 10 to 50 ℃, a rotation speed of 200 to 400rpm and a mixing time of 4 to 8min; the operating conditions of the screw extruder were: the temperature of the screw is 160-190 ℃ and the rotating speed is 200-400 rpm.
28. The degradable material of claim 1, wherein the electret material is an inorganic electret material selected from one or more of barium titanate, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, tourmaline, and silicon dioxide.
29. A method for preparing a degradable material according to any one of claims 1-28, wherein modified polylactic acid, modified gutta-percha and electret material are uniformly mixed, and extruded and granulated by a double screw extruder to obtain the degradable material.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein the reaction materials are mixed by a high-speed mixer under the following conditions: the temperature is 10-40 ℃, the rotating speed is 100-500 rpm, the mixing time is 3-8 min, and the operation conditions of the screw extruder are as follows: the temperature of the screw is 170-200 ℃ and the rotating speed is 200-600 rpm.
31. The method of claim 29, wherein the reaction materials are mixed by a high-speed mixer under the following conditions: the temperature is 10-40 ℃, the rotating speed is 200-400 rpm, and the mixing time is 4-7 min; the operating conditions of the screw extruder were: the temperature of the screw is 175-195 ℃ and the rotating speed is 250-500 rpm.
32. A degradable mask prepared from the degradable material of any one of claims 1-28 or the degradable material prepared by the preparation method of any one of claims 29-31.
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