CN115010441A - Baking-free brick slurry formula and preparation method of baking-free brick - Google Patents
Baking-free brick slurry formula and preparation method of baking-free brick Download PDFInfo
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- CN115010441A CN115010441A CN202210806524.4A CN202210806524A CN115010441A CN 115010441 A CN115010441 A CN 115010441A CN 202210806524 A CN202210806524 A CN 202210806524A CN 115010441 A CN115010441 A CN 115010441A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/08—Flue dust, i.e. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/06—Combustion residues, e.g. purification products of smoke, fumes or exhaust gases
- C04B18/10—Burned or pyrolised refuse
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/002—Water
- C04B22/0046—Waste slurries or solutions used as gauging water
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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Abstract
The invention relates to a baking-free brick slurry formula which is mainly characterized in that nanofiltration concentrated water of a desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of a power plant is used for replacing process water to prepare slurry and mix the slurry in the slurry preparation process; the baking-free brick slurry formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-35% of cement, 8-15% of fly ash, 30-35% of furnace slag, 20-30% of process water and sodium lignosulfonate accounting for 0.05-0.4% of the total mass of the cement and the fly ash; the slag is the slag at the bottom of a power plant boiler; the cement and the fly ash are used as cementing materials, and the mass ratio of the cementing materials to the slag is 1:0.8-1: 1. The invention utilizes the nanofiltration concentrated water of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of the power plant, overcomes the defect of nanofiltration concentrated water by adjusting the proportion of cement, fly ash, furnace slag and sodium lignosulfonate, exerts the advantages of nanofiltration concentrated water, leads the strength of the prepared baking-free brick product to reach the standard and meets the building requirements. The invention is also beneficial to protecting natural resources and environment, changing waste into valuable, saving occupied land, reducing pollution, protecting environment and having good economic and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, and particularly relates to a baking-free brick slurry formula and a baking-free brick preparation method.
Background
The baking-free brick is mainly made of industrial wastes (slag, fly ash, cement, river sand and the like), does not consume clay and needs no sintering, and can reach the relevant standards of building material industry after being molded and maintained. In addition, as the baking-free brick is prepared by using the solid wastes such as the slag, the fly ash and the like of the power plant as raw materials, the pressure for treating the solid wastes of the power plant can be reduced. The baking-free brick has the characteristics of waste utilization, soil conservation and energy conservation, which are not possessed by any other wall bricks. In the preparation process, a scientific formula is adopted, a coagulant and a trace chemical additive are added according to a certain proportion, the mixture is strengthened by special equipment through controlling the granularity, the humidity and the mixing degree, so that the mixture reaches the optimal plastic state, and then the mixture is pressed and formed under high pressure. The baking-free brick is a new product which can replace clay brick and has development prospect. The addition of the additive can improve the performance of the slurry, and has the main effects of improving the workability of the mixture, reducing the labor intensity of physical force and being beneficial to mechanized operation. And the maintenance time can be shortened or the steam maintenance time of the prefabricated part factory can be shortened. The strength of the slurry solidified body is improved, the durability, the compactness, the frost resistance and the impermeability are improved, and the drying shrinkage (the drying shrinkage is the physical quantity which represents the volume or length reduction degree caused by drying and water loss after the raw materials such as ceramics, refractory materials, tiles and the like are made into a green body) and the creep performance (the more cement in concrete is used, the larger the creep is, the larger the water-cement ratio is, and the larger the creep is). The water reducing agent is the most important and widely applied additive in all additive products, can obviously improve the mechanical property of a solidified body, and can also greatly improve the impermeability and the durability of the solidified body.
At present, although a plurality of formulas and production processes of baking-free bricks exist at home and abroad, the schemes only focus on optimization and improvement of selection, proportion, material granularity and the like of solid raw materials, or mainly focus on optimization of additive types, additive amount and the like, and the scheme is only focused on improvement of process water of the baking-free bricks.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In view of the defects and shortcomings of the prior art, the invention provides a baking-free brick slurry formula and a baking-free brick preparation method, which are mainly characterized in that the nanofiltration concentrated water of the power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system is used for replacing brick making process water, so that the resource utilization of the nanofiltration concentrated water is realized, the high cost of further treatment and purification of the nanofiltration concentrated water is avoided, the reduction, resource utilization (high-value product production) and harmless treatment of solid wastes such as slag and the like are realized, and considerable economic benefits are brought to enterprises. The invention has the most important point that the selection and the proportion of the components of the baking-free brick are reasonably adjusted while the concentrated water is nano-filtered by the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of the power plant, so that the baking-free brick product with high compressive strength, low water absorption and excellent seepage resistance can be prepared, and the application performance is improved.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
in the first aspect, the invention provides a baking-free brick slurry formula, which is mainly characterized in that nanofiltration concentrated water of a power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system is used for replacing process water to perform pulping and slurry mixing in the pulping process; the baking-free brick slurry formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-35% of cement, 8-15% of fly ash, 30-35% of furnace slag, 20-30% of process water and sodium lignosulfonate accounting for 0.05-0.4% of the total mass of the cement and the fly ash; wherein the slag is the slag at the bottom of a power plant boiler;
wherein the cement and the fly ash are cementing materials, and the mass ratio of the cementing materials to the furnace slag is the rubber-slag ratio; the ratio of the rubber residues is 1:0.8-1: 1; in the process water, the nanofiltration concentrated water of the power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system accounts for more than 50%.
According to the preferred embodiment of the invention, the ratio of nanofiltration concentrated water in the power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system is 100%.
Preferably, the mass percentage of the sodium lignosulphonate in the cement and fly ash is 0.2-0.4%.
Preferably, the mass percentage of the sodium lignosulphonate in the total mass of the cement and the fly ash is 0.2-0.25% or 0.35-0.40%.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sodium lignosulfonate comprises 0.2% or 0.4% by mass of the total mass of cement and fly ash, and more preferably 0.2%.
Wherein, carry out water quality analysis to the concentrated water of receiving filtration of power plant's desulfurization waste water zero discharge system, its composition is as follows: COD (mg/L), 1.5-1.7X 10 3 (ii) a Total organic carbon (mg/L), 110-; total soluble solids/filterable residue (mg/L), 4.5-5.5X 10 4 (ii) a Calcium (mg/L), 75-80; magnesium (mg/L), 3.0-4.5; sodium (mg/L), 1.10-1.30X 10 4 (ii) a Potassium (mg/L), 260-300; ammonium salt/ammonia nitrogen (mg/L), 40-45; the amount of barium (mg/L),<0.02; strontium (mg/L) in the form of a powder,<0.20; ferric iron (mg/L),<0.05; manganese (mg/L) in the form of manganese,<0.02; sulfate (mg/L), 9.2-10X 10 3 (ii) a Chloride (mg/L), 7.9-8.4X 10 3 (ii) a Fluoride (mg/L) in the form of,<0.5; nitrate (mg/L), 150-; bromide (mg/L), 20-23; the bicarbonate salt (mg/L),<0.001; a carbonate (mg/L),<0.001; a phosphate (mg/L) in a suitable amount,<0.05; boron (mg/L), 20-23; silicon dioxide (mg/L), 8.5-11; the pH value is 7-8.5.
In a second aspect, the invention relates to a preparation method of a baking-free brick, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing raw materials according to the formula of the baking-free brick slurry;
s2, mixing cement, fly ash, slag, sodium lignin sulfonate and the like, and putting the mixture into a wheel mill stirring device for dry mixing;
s3, adding process water, and continuously stirring for 5-10min by using a wheel mill stirring device to prepare uniform plasticized slurry;
s4, pressing and forming by adopting static pressure equipment to obtain a green brick;
s5, natural curing in a storage yard or steam curing at normal temperature.
(III) advantageous effects
The beneficial technical effects of the invention comprise:
(1) the baking-free brick is prepared by adopting cement, fly ash, furnace slag and nanofiltration concentrated water of the power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system as main raw materials, and compared with a sintered brick, the baking-free brick is energy-saving and environment-friendly; compared with other baking-free bricks, a large amount of cement is saved. On one hand, a large amount of industrial solid waste (coal ash and slag) is consumed, the cost is reduced, on the other hand, the nanofiltration concentrated water of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system is adopted to replace the common process water of the baking-free bricks, so that the nanofiltration concentrated water does not need to be further treated, the water treatment cost is saved, the nanofiltration wastewater is changed into valuable, and the method has important significance of environmental protection.
(2) The invention uses the nanofiltration concentrated water of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of the power plant to replace the common process water (usually tap water or underground water), and aims at solving the problems that the nanofiltration concentrated water contains higher sulfate content and is easy to generate ettringite and wollastonite and the like. Aiming at Na contained in nanofiltration concentrated water + The problem of high content is that when the baking-free brick slurry is prepared, the reaction expansion of the alkali aggregate can be reduced to a certain degree by adding an air entraining agent (sodium lignosulfonate has micro air entraining property) or adding fly ash, slag and the like in a proper proportion. Thereby leading the baking-free brick to have high 28d compressive strength and low water absorption.
(3) The invention uses the power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system to filter the concentrated water, and fully utilizes chloride ions, calcium and OH carried by the filtered concentrated water - Silicon dioxide, sulfate (sulfate can generate ettringite, and a proper amount of ettringite can compensate the contractibility of cement slurry), and the like, participate in the strength curing reaction such as Friedel's salt reaction, the fixed reaction of the calcium ferrite to chloride ions, the volcanic ash reaction and the like, and fully utilize the advantages brought by the ions in the nanofiltration concentrated water of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of the power plant.
The nanofiltration concentrated water has certain hardness, so the water reducing agent selected by the invention is sodium lignosulfonate, has good diffusion performance, can be dissolved in water with any hardness, has good chemical stability, is easy to dissolve in water, is not influenced by the change of PH value, has colloidal characteristics, and increases the viscosity of the solution along with the increase of the concentration.
(4) The baking-free brick prepared by the invention has 28d compressive strength up to 21Mpa, 28d water absorption rate down to 18%, and the finished brick reaches the brick standard of building material industry and can be used as building material.
In conclusion, the preparation method for the baking-free brick utilizes the nanofiltration concentrated water of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of the power plant, overcomes the defect of nanofiltration concentrated water by adjusting the proportion of cement, fly ash, furnace slag and sodium lignosulfonate, exerts the advantages of the nanofiltration concentrated water, enables the strength of the prepared baking-free brick product to reach the standard, and meets the requirements of building materials. The raw materials of the preparation method are from solid powder, gel materials to process water, except cement, the raw materials are all from wastes, the raw materials are convenient to select and environment-friendly, the natural resources and the environment are protected, the wastes are changed into valuables, the occupied land is saved, the pollution is reduced, the environment is protected, the manufacturing cost of the building brick is reduced, and the preparation method has good economic and social benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation method of the baking-free brick provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 shows the compressive strengths of 14d and 28d of the baking-free bricks prepared by different cement ratios.
FIG. 3 shows the water absorption of the baking-free bricks prepared by different cement-slag ratios at 14d and 28 d.
FIG. 4 shows the compressive strength of baking-free bricks 13d and 28d under different addition amounts of sodium lignosulfonate.
FIG. 5 shows the water absorption of baking-free bricks 28d with different amounts of sodium lignosulfonate added.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the following embodiment, the results of the water quality complete analysis of the nanofiltration concentrated water of the power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 nanofiltration of concentrated Water quality Components
From the water quality analysis result, the content of chloride ions in the nanofiltration concentrated water is higher and exceeds the standard of concrete mixing water, but as the research aims at manufacturing baking-free brick products and does not need to consider the corrosion influence of the chloride ions on reinforcing steel bars, the doping of the chloride ions can not generate serious influence.
The high content of sulfate in the nanofiltration concentrated water can cause the generation of ettringite and wollastonite, so that the phenomena of expansion, cracking and the like of the baking-free bricks can occur. However, the formation of a suitable amount of ettringite can compensate for the shrinkage of the cement paste. Therefore, when the ingredients are used for preparing the baking-free bricks, the prevention measures mainly comprise the following steps: firstly, the compactness of a solidified body is enhanced by reducing the water-cement ratio; secondly, mineral admixtures such as fly ash, furnace slag and the like are added, and the glue-slag ratio is controlled to inhibit later expansion caused by ettringite.
From the water quality analysis result of nanofiltration concentrated water, the Na shows + The content is high, the damage caused by alkali aggregate reaction is considered in the generation process of the baking-free brick, and the alkali aggregate reaction expansion can be reduced to a certain extent by doping an air entraining agent (sodium lignosulfonate has micro-air-entraining property) or mineral admixture fly ash, slag and the like.
Nanofiltration systems are increasingly being used for the salt separation treatment of desulphurized waste water. The nanofiltration membrane can effectively intercept divalent and polyvalent anions in the wastewater, has good selective permeation effect on monovalent anions, and is particularly suitable for salt separation treatment of desulfurization wastewater. The nanofiltration concentrated water after nanofiltration treatment mainly contains divalent ions such as calcium and magnesium hardness ions, sulfate radicals and the like, and the calcium ions and the sulfate radicals have the effect of enhancing the performance of baking-free bricks. Moderate chloride ions in high-salinity water react with C3A phase in cement to generate Friedel's salt, and the compressive strength of a solidified body is also improved.
It should be noted that the quality of the nanofiltration concentrated water of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of the power plant fluctuates to a certain degree, and in general, the characteristics of the nanofiltration concentrated water quality of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of the power plant are as follows: COD (mg/L), 1.5-1.7X 10 3 (ii) a Total organic carbon (mg/L), 110-; total soluble solids/filterable residue (mg/L), 4.5-5.5X 10 4 (ii) a Calcium (mg/L), 75-80; magnesium (mg/L), 3.0-4.5; sodium (mg/L), 1.10-1.30X 10 4 (ii) a Potassium (mg/L), 260-300; ammonium salt/ammonia nitrogen (mg/L), 40-45; the amount of barium (mg/L),<0.02; strontium (mg/L) is added into the solution,<0.20; ferric iron (mg/L),<0.05; manganese (mg/L) in the form of manganese,<0.02; sulfate (mg/L), 9.2-10X 10 3 (ii) a Chloride (mg/L), 7.9-8.4X 10 3 (ii) a Fluoride (mg/L) in the form of,<0.5; nitrate (mg/L), 150-; bromide (mg/L), 20-23; the bicarbonate salt (mg/L),<0.001; a carbonate (mg/L),<0.001; a phosphate (mg/L) in a suitable amount,<0.05; boron (mg/L), 20-23; silicon dioxide (mg/L), 8.5-11; the pH value is 7-8.5.
As shown in fig. 1, which is a flow chart of the preparation method of the baking-free brick of the invention, the preparation method comprises the following steps:
In the embodiment, the cement is 20-35%, the fly ash is 8-15%, the slag is 30-35%, and the power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system nanofiltration concentrated water is 20-30%. In addition, 0.05-0.4% of sodium lignosulfonate is added based on the total mass of the cement and the fly ash.
By adopting the raw material proportion, on one hand, a large amount of slag can be consumed, a large amount of natural sandstone materials are saved, the investment of cement is reduced, and the cost is reduced; on the other hand, the power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system can be directly used for nanofiltration of concentrated water, further purification treatment of the nanofiltration concentrated water is not needed, and a large amount of wastewater treatment cost is saved.
Step 2: and putting the prepared cement, fly ash, furnace slag, sodium lignosulfonate and the like into a wheel mill stirring device for dry mixing.
And 3, step 3: adding nanofiltration concentrated water of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of the power plant into wheel-milling stirring equipment, and continuously performing wet mixing for 5-10min to prepare uniform plasticized slurry;
and 4, step 4: pressing and forming by adopting static pressure equipment to obtain a green brick; the press forming is carried out in a mold.
And 5: natural curing in a storage yard or steam curing at normal temperature. Preferably, the curing is to put the green bricks into deionized water for natural curing for 28 d; of course, the curing method is not limited to this.
The main reactions of each main substance participating in the curing process are as follows, which are sources of the curing strength of the baking-free brick:
formation of calcium silicate hydrate and calcium hydroxide:
3CaO·SiO 2 +nH 2 O＝xCaO·SiO 2 ·yH 2 O+(3-x)Ca(OH) 2
2CaO·SiO 2 +nH 2 O＝xCaO·SiO 2 ·yH 2 O+(2-x)Ca(OH) 2
generation of ettringite:
C 3 A·CaSO 4 ·12H 2 O+2CaSO 4 +20H 2 O＝C 3 A·3CaSO 4 ·32H 2 O
formation of friedel salt:
3CaO·Al 2 O 3 +Cl - +H 2 O→3CaO·Al 2 O 3 ·CaCl 2 ·10H 2 O
fixation of chloride ions by brownmillerite:
4CaO·Al 2 O 3 ·Fe 2 O 3 +Cl - +H 2 O→3CaO·Fe 2 O 3 ·CaCl 2 ·10H 2 O
and (3) volcanic ash reaction:
(SiO 2 )x+2H 2 O+OH - →(SiO 2 ) x-1 +Si(OH) 5 1-
Ca 2+ +Si(OH) 5 1- +OH - →(CaO)(SiO 2 )(H 2 O) 3
Ca(OH) 2 +SiO 2 +Al 2 O 3 +H 2 O→(CaO) x (SiO 2 ) y (Al 2 O 3 ) z (H 2 O) w
the baking-free brick does not need to be sent into a kiln for baking in the whole preparation process, so that a large amount of baking energy consumption and kiln equipment cost can be saved; the method uses solid wastes such as fly ash and furnace slag as main reasons, uses the power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge nanofiltration concentrated water as main process water, does not need sintering, can be used for natural curing and normal-temperature evaporation curing, and ensures that the compressive strength and the impermeability of the finished brick reach the brick standard of the building material industry.
The added water reducing agent sodium lignosulfonate can not only obviously improve the mechanical property of the concrete, but also greatly improve the impermeability of the concrete and improve the durability of the concrete material. The sodium lignosulfonate has the characteristics of rich source, low price, no toxicity, diversified molecular structures, easiness in chemical modification and the like, has certain air entraining property, and can neutralize Na in nanofiltration water + The adverse effect of the higher content.
Polar hydrophilic groups of the sodium lignosulfonate are directionally adsorbed on the surfaces of cement, fly ash, slag and other particles, are associated with water molecules in a hydrogen bond mode, and are associated with the water molecules in the hydrogen bond mode, so that a stable water film on the surfaces of the cement, fly ash and slag particles is formed, direct contact among the particles is prevented, the sliding capacity among the particles is increased, a lubricating effect is achieved, and the fluidity of slurry is improved. In the baking-free brick slurry, after cement is hydrated, due to the van der Waals force action among ions and different charges of cement hydrated minerals and main cement minerals in the hydration process, coagulation is generated, and negative ions-SO-, -COO-in the water reducing agent can be in positive charge Ca of cement particles 2+ The mineral is adsorbed on the cement particles by the action of the mineral, and the ion distribution of the diffusion double-electron layer is formed on the surface. The baking-free brick is prepared by using the sodium lignosulfonate, so that the mixing workability of the mixture slurry can be improved; on the other hand, the strength of the slag brick is enhanced, and experiments prove that the addition amount of the sodium lignosulfonate has obvious influence on the strength of the baking-free brick.
In concrete, the addition amount of the sodium lignin sulfonate water reducing agent is 0.20-0.30% of the mass of cement, the common mixing amount is 0.25%, and the dosage of the water reducing agent in the concrete is directly related to the dosage of the cement. However, in the present invention, the amount of the sodium lignosulfonate water reducing agent is about 0.05 to 0.4 percent and 0.2 percent of the total mass of the cement and the fly ash, based on the total mass of the cement and the fly ash.
It should be noted that, in the invention, the baking-free brick is manufactured by the slurry with the above proportion, but in the actual production and application process, the raw material composition of the slurry of the baking-free brick can be adjusted according to the actual use of the finished product, for example, a certain amount of coarse aggregate, other cementing materials or additives are added to ensure that the application performance of the baking-free brick meets the relevant industry standards.
The following are examples of the preparation of baking-free bricks according to the above preparation method.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a slag baking-free brick, which comprises the following steps:
31 parts of Po42.5 cement, 10 parts of fly ash, 32.8 parts of slag and 26.09 parts of nanofiltration concentrated water of a power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system. The water quality of the nanofiltration concentrate is shown in table 1. In addition, 0.26% of sodium lignosulfonate (0.1066 parts by mass, 0.106% of the total ingredient) was added based on the total mass of the cement and the fly ash. The fly ash and the cement are used as cementing materials, and the dosage ratio of the slag to the cementing materials is the rubber-slag ratio. In this example, the ratio of gum to slag is 1: 0.8.
Step 2: and putting the prepared cement, fly ash, furnace slag, sodium lignosulfonate and the like into a wheel mill stirring device for dry mixing.
And step 3: adding nanofiltration concentrated water of the desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system of the power plant into wheel-milling stirring equipment, and continuously performing wet mixing for 10min to prepare uniform plasticized slurry;
and 4, step 4: and pressing and molding the green brick in a mold by adopting static pressure equipment.
And 5: and placing the green bricks into deionized water for natural curing for 28 d.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a slag baking-free brick, which comprises the following steps:
25 parts of Po42.5 cement, 10 parts of fly ash, 35 parts of slag and 29.91 parts of nanofiltration concentrated water of a power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system. The water quality of the nanofiltration concentrate is shown in table 1. In addition, 0.26% of sodium lignosulfonate (0.091 parts by mass, accounting for 0.091% of the total ingredients) is added based on the total mass of the cement and the fly ash. Wherein the ratio of the glue residues is 1:1.
The other preparation steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a slag baking-free brick, which comprises the following steps:
21.16 parts of Po42.5 cement, 8 parts of fly ash, 35 parts of furnace slag and 35.76 parts of nano-filtration concentrated water of a power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system. The water quality of the nanofiltration concentrate is shown in table 1. In addition, 0.26% of sodium lignosulfonate (0.0758 parts by mass, 0.0758% of the total ingredient) was added based on the total mass of the cement and the fly ash. Wherein the ratio of the glue residues is 1: 1.2.
The other preparation steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 1
In the comparative example, the baking-free brick slurry comprises the following components: 15.33 parts of Po42.5 cement, 8 parts of fly ash, 35 parts of furnace slag and 41.61 parts of nanofiltration concentrated water of a power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system. The water quality of the nanofiltration concentrate is shown in table 1. In addition, 0.26% of sodium lignosulfonate (0.0607 parts by mass, 0.0607% of the total ingredient) was added based on the total mass of the cement and the fly ash. Wherein, the ratio of the glue residues is 1: 1.5. The other preparation steps were the same as in example 1.
The finished baking-free bricks 14d and 28d of examples 1-3 and comparative example 1 were tested for compressive strength and the results are shown in fig. 2.
From the results of FIG. 2, it is understood that the compressive strength of the baking-free brick cured at 28d is the maximum and is approximately 19MPa when the ratio of the cement to the cement is 1:0.8, and the compressive strength of the baking-free brick cured at 14d is the maximum and is approximately 15MPa when the ratio of the cement to the cement is 1:1. Because the baking-free bricks are usually cured for 28 days and then used, the ratio of cement to slag is preferably 1: 0.8-1:1. Wherein, when the cement slag ratio in the comparative example 1 is 1:1.5, the compressive strength of the baking-free bricks 14d and 28d is very small.
In examples 1-2, the strength of the baking-free bricks after being cured for 28 days can reach MU15 and MU20 standards.
The finished baking-free bricks 14d and 28d of examples 1 to 3 and comparative example 1 were tested for water absorption and the results are shown in fig. 3. The smaller the water absorption rate, the better the impermeability of the non-fired slag brick. As shown in the figure, when the cement-slag ratio is 1:0.8, the water absorption of the baking-free brick 28d is the lowest; when the clinker ratio of the baking-free brick is 1:1.2, the water absorption of 14d is the lowest, but when the clinker ratio is 1:1.2, the water absorption of 28d of the baking-free brick is higher. Therefore, a cement ratio of 1:0.8 to 1:1 is preferred. In view of comprehensive compressive strength, the skim ratio is more preferably 1: 0.8. the examples above illustrate that the brick products made from the formulation of the present invention meet the JC/T525-2007 Standard "slag brick".
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a slag baking-free brick, which comprises the following steps:
31 parts of Po42.5 cement, 10 parts of fly ash, 32.8 parts of slag and 26.04 parts of nanofiltration concentrated water of a power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system. The water quality of the nanofiltration concentrate is shown in table 1. In addition, 0.4% of sodium lignosulfonate (0.164 part by mass in 0.164% of the total amount of the ingredients) was added based on the total mass of the cement and the fly ash. The fly ash and the cement are used as cementing materials, and the dosage ratio of the slag to the cementing materials is the rubber-slag ratio. In this example, the ratio of gum to slag is 1: 0.8.
The other preparation steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a slag baking-free brick, which comprises the following steps:
31 parts of Po42.5 cement, 10 parts of fly ash, 32.8 parts of slag and 26.08 parts of nanofiltration concentrated water of a power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system. The water quality of the nanofiltration concentrate is shown in table 1. In addition, 0.3% of sodium lignosulfonate (0.123 part by mass in the total amount of the ingredients) is added based on the total mass of the cement and the fly ash. The fly ash and the cement are used as cementing materials, and the dosage ratio of the slag to the cementing materials is the rubber-slag ratio. In this example, the ratio of gum to slag is 1: 0.8.
The other preparation steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a slag baking-free brick, which comprises the following steps:
31 parts of Po42.5 cement, 10 parts of fly ash, 32.8 parts of slag and 26.12 parts of nanofiltration concentrated water of a power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system. The water quality of the nanofiltration concentrate is shown in table 1. In addition, 0.2% of sodium lignosulfonate (the amount of 0.082 parts by mass, accounting for 0.082% of the total ingredients) is added based on the total mass of the cement and the fly ash. The fly ash and the cement are used as cementing materials, and the dosage ratio of the slag to the cementing materials is the rubber-slag ratio. In this example, the ratio of gum to slag is 1: 0.8.
The other preparation steps were the same as in example 1.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a slag baking-free brick, which comprises the following steps:
31 parts of Po42.5 cement, 10 parts of fly ash, 32.8 parts of slag and 26.18 parts of nanofiltration concentrated water of a power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system. The water quality of the nanofiltration concentrate is shown in table 1. In addition, 0.05% of sodium lignosulfonate (the amount is 0.0205 part by mass and accounts for 0.0205% of the total ingredients) is added based on the total mass of the cement and the fly ash. The fly ash and the cement are used as cementing materials, and the dosage ratio of the slag to the cementing materials is the rubber-slag ratio. In this example, the ratio of gum to slag is 1: 0.8.
The other preparation steps were the same as in example 1.
The finished bricks 13d and 28d of examples 4-7 were tested for compressive strength and the results are shown in FIG. 4. As can be seen from the figure, when the cement-slag ratio in the formula of the baking-free brick slurry is 1:0.8, and the addition amount of the sodium lignosulfonate is 0.2% of the mass of the cementing material (the sum of the fly ash and the cement is the cementing material), the compressive strength of the baking-free brick in curing 13d and 28d reaches the peak value, wherein the compressive strength is 21MPa in 28d, and is close to 19MPa in 13 d. Wherein, when the addition amount of the sodium lignosulfonate is 0.4 percent of the mass of the cementing material, the compressive strength of the baking-free brick at 28d is close to 19Mpa, and the compressive strength of the baking-free brick at 13d is close to 17 Mpa. When the addition amount of the sodium lignosulfonate is 0.05 percent of the mass of the cementing material, the compressive strength of the baking-free bricks 13d and 28d is low. Therefore, the addition amount of sodium lignin sulfonate is preferably 0.1% or more, and preferably 0.2 to 0.4%; however, when the addition amount of sodium lignosulfonate is 0.3%, the compressive strength of the baking-free brick is rather caused to reach the bottom of the brick, so that the addition amount of the sodium lignosulfonate can be determined to be 0.2-0.25% or 0.35-0.4% of the mass of the binding material, and is of course most preferably 0.2%. As can be seen from fig. 4, the compressive strength of the baking-free bricks 13d and 28d is consistent due to the addition amount of sodium lignosulfonate.
The water absorption of the baking-free bricks 28d of the finished products of examples 4 to 7 was tested, and the test results are shown in FIG. 5. As can be seen from the figure, when the cement-slag ratio in the formula of the baking-free brick slurry is 1:0.8, and the addition amount of the sodium lignosulfonate is 0.2% of the mass of the cementing material (the sum of the fly ash and the cement is the cementing material), the water absorption of the baking-free brick cured 28d is the lowest and is 18%; and when the addition amount of the sodium lignosulfonate is 0.4 percent of the mass of the cementing material, the water absorption rate of baking-free brick maintenance 28d is also low, about 18.5 percent. Therefore, the amount of sodium lignosulfonate added is determined to be 0.2-0.4%, more preferably 0.2% by mass of the cement.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A baking-free brick slurry formula is characterized in that nanofiltration concentrated water of a power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system is used for replacing process water to prepare slurry and mix the slurry in the slurry preparation process; the baking-free brick slurry formula comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-35% of cement, 8-15% of fly ash, 30-35% of furnace slag, 20-30% of process water and sodium lignosulfonate accounting for 0.05-0.4% of the total mass of the cement and the fly ash; wherein the slag is the slag at the bottom of a power plant boiler;
wherein the cement and the fly ash are gelled materials, and the mass ratio of the gelled materials to the slag is the rubber-slag ratio; the ratio of the rubber residues is 1:0.8-1: 1;
in the process water, the nanofiltration concentrated water of the power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system accounts for more than 50%.
2. The baking-free brick slurry formula according to claim 1, wherein the nanofiltration concentrated water of the power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system accounts for 100%.
3. The baking-free brick slurry formula according to claim 1, wherein the sodium lignosulfonate accounts for 0.2-0.4% of the total mass of the cement and the fly ash.
4. The baking-free brick slurry formula of claim 1, wherein the sodium lignosulfonate accounts for 0.2-0.25% or 0.35-0.40% of the total mass of the cement and the fly ash.
5. The baking-free brick slurry formulation according to claim 1, wherein the sodium lignosulfonate comprises 0.2% or 0.4% by mass of the total mass of the cement and the fly ash, and more preferably 0.2%.
6. The baking-free brick slurry formula according to claim 1, wherein the power plant desulfurization wastewater zero-discharge system nanofiltration concentrated water is subjected to water quality analysis, and the components of the nanofiltration concentrated water are as follows: COD (mg/L), 1.5-1.7X 10 3 (ii) a Total organic carbon (mg/L), 110-; soluble total solids/filterable residue (mg/L), 4.5-5.5X 10 4 (ii) a Calcium (mg/L), 75-80; magnesium (mg/L), 3.0-4.5; sodium (mg/L), 1.10-1.30X 10 4 (ii) a Potassium (mg/L), 260-300; ammonium salt/ammonia nitrogen (mg/L), 40-45; the amount of barium (mg/L),<0.02; strontium (mg/L) in the form of a powder,<0.20; ferric iron (mg/L),<0.05; manganese (mg/L) in the form of manganese,<0.02; sulfate (mg/L), 9.2-10X 10 3 (ii) a Chloride (mg/L), 7.9-8.4X 10 3 (ii) a Fluoride (mg/L),<0.5; nitrate (mg/L), 150-; bromide (mg/L), 20-23; the bicarbonate salt (mg/L),<0.001; a carbonate (mg/L),<0.001; a phosphate (mg/L) in a suitable amount,<0.05; boron (mg/L), 20-23; silicon dioxide (mg/L), 8.5-11; the pH value is 7-8.5.
7. The preparation method of the baking-free brick is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing raw materials according to the baking-free brick slurry formula of any one of claims 1 to 6;
s2, mixing cement, fly ash, slag, sodium lignin sulfonate and the like, and putting the mixture into a wheel mill stirring device for dry mixing;
s3, adding process water, and continuously stirring for 5-10min by using a wheel mill stirring device to prepare uniform plasticized slurry;
s4, pressing and forming by adopting static pressure equipment to obtain a green brick;
s5, natural curing in a storage yard or steam curing at normal temperature.
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| CN115819024A (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-21 | 华勘(天津)生态城市研究院有限责任公司 | Baking-free brick and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115382879A (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2022-11-25 | 贵州星河环境技术有限公司 | Method and equipment for innocent treatment of overhaul residues and fly ash |
| CN115382879B (en) * | 2022-09-30 | 2024-02-06 | 贵州星河环境技术有限公司 | Harmless treatment method and equipment for overhaul slag and fly ash |
| CN115819024A (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2023-03-21 | 华勘(天津)生态城市研究院有限责任公司 | Baking-free brick and preparation method thereof |
| CN115819024B (en) * | 2022-12-15 | 2024-02-13 | 华勘(天津)生态城市研究院有限责任公司 | Baking-free brick and preparation method thereof |
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