CN115007189A - Polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115007189A
CN115007189A CN202210805101.0A CN202210805101A CN115007189A CN 115007189 A CN115007189 A CN 115007189A CN 202210805101 A CN202210805101 A CN 202210805101A CN 115007189 A CN115007189 A CN 115007189A
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based catalyst
polyatomic
iron
solid product
doped iron
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庞朝海
朱晓晶
黎舒怀
马雄辉
吴雨薇
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Analysis & Testing Center Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
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Analysis & Testing Center Chinese Academy Of Tropical Agricultural Sciences
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/24Nitrogen compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/33Electric or magnetic properties
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/40Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by dimensions, e.g. grain size
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/50Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
    • B01J35/51Spheres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/08Heat treatment
    • B01J37/082Decomposition and pyrolysis

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nano materials, and discloses a polyatomic doping iron-based catalyst and a preparation method thereof in order to solve the problems of low load and poor ORR (oxygen radical reduction) performance of the iron-based catalyst prepared by the existing preparation method, wherein the preparation method of the polyatomic doping iron-based catalyst comprises the following steps: dissolving boric acid in an ethanol water solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a solvent. The preparation method takes boric acid as an acidic system, is beneficial to realizing in-situ coordination of iron element under an acidic condition, and is easy to form an iron nanocluster or iron monatomic structure in the carbonization process; in the prepared polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst, B, C, N, Fe and other elements are uniformly distributed in a nanometer microsphere structure, namely the polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst prepared by the method has higher loading capacity and excellent ORR performance.

Description

Polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nano materials, in particular to a multi-atom doped iron-based catalyst and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The metal monatomic catalyst material shows relatively ideal catalytic performance based on the advantages of high atom utilization efficiency, good dispersibility, uniform and controllable metal active sites, excellent selectivity, high stability and the like.
However, the conventional preparation method of the metal monatomic catalyst has the problems that the prepared iron-based catalyst has low loading capacity and poor ORR performance when the iron-based catalyst is prepared.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a multi-atom doped iron-based catalyst and a preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of a polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst comprises the following steps:
step 1: dissolving boric acid in an ethanol water solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a solvent;
step 2: sequentially adding polyether F127, 3-aminophenol and hexamethylenetetramine into the solvent obtained in the step 1, stirring and heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 8 hours at 80 ℃, and stopping heating to obtain a reaction solution;
and step 3: standing the reaction solution obtained in the step 2, centrifuging the upper suspension, removing the supernatant generated by centrifugation, and collecting the solid product A obtained by centrifugation;
and 4, step 4: washing the solid product A with ethanol and deionized water respectively, and transferring to FeCl 3 ·6H 2 Soaking in the solution O at room temperature, performing suction filtration, collecting a solid product B obtained by suction filtration, and drying;
and 5: and calcining the dried solid product B at high temperature to obtain the polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst.
Preferably, in step 1, the volume ratio of ethanol to water in the ethanol aqueous solution is 1: 6.
preferably, the concentration of boric acid in the solvent obtained in step 1 is one of 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 mol/L.
Preferably, in step 4, FeCl 3 ·6H 2 The concentration of the O solution is 0.25 mol/L;
solid product A in FeCl 3 ·6H 2 The time for soaking in the O solution is 2 h.
Preferably, in step 4, the drying method of the solid product B comprises the following steps: the solid product B was dried in an oven at 80 ℃ for 6 h.
Preferably, in step 5, the calcining method of the solid product B is as follows: putting the solid product B into a box-type furnace, heating to 410 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min in a nitrogen atmosphere, and keeping for 2 h; then heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min and keeping for 2 h.
The polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst is prepared by the preparation method of the polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst.
The preparation method disclosed by the invention takes boric acid as an acidic system, is beneficial to realizing in-situ coordination of iron element under an acidic condition, and is easy to form an iron nanocluster or iron monoatomic structure in a carbonization process.
In the polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst prepared by the invention, elements such as B, C, N, Fe and the like are uniformly distributed in a nanometer microsphere structure, namely, the polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst prepared by the invention has higher loading capacity and excellent ORR performance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a TEM image and a Mapping image of the polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst prepared by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst prepared by an example of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a graph of Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR) performance of the polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst prepared according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
According to the volume ratio of 1: 6 mixing ethanol and water to obtain an ethanol water solution; accurately weighing 9.150g of boric acid, dissolving the boric acid in an ethanol water solution, metering the volume to 300mL, and uniformly mixing to obtain 300mL of 0.5mol/L solvent;
2g F127, 1.1g of 3-aminophenol and 1.0g of hexamethylenetetramine are sequentially added into the solvent system, and the mixture is stirred by magnetic force from the room temperature to be heated to 80 ℃; keeping the reaction at 80 ℃ for 8h, and then stopping heating to obtain reaction liquid;
standing the reaction solution for 10min, centrifuging the upper suspension, removing the supernatant generated by centrifugation, and collecting the solid product A obtained by centrifugation;
the solid product A was washed with ethanol and deionized water, and transferred to 100mL of 0.25mol/L FeCl 3 ·6H 2 Soaking in O solution at room temperature for 2 h; carrying out suction filtration, collecting a solid product B obtained by suction filtration, and drying in an oven at 80 ℃ for 6 h;
and (3) placing the solid product B into a box-type furnace, heating to 410 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min for 2h in a nitrogen atmosphere, and heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for 2h to obtain the nitrogen and boron co-doped iron-based catalyst.
Example 2
According to the volume ratio of 1: 6 mixing ethanol and water to obtain an ethanol water solution; accurately weighing 3.660g of boric acid, dissolving the boric acid in an ethanol water solution, metering the volume to 300mL, and uniformly mixing to obtain 300mL of 0.2mol/L solvent;
2g F127, 1.1g of 3-aminophenol and 1.0g of hexamethylenetetramine are sequentially added into the solvent system, and the mixture is stirred by magnetic force from the room temperature to be heated to 80 ℃; keeping the reaction at 80 ℃ for 8h, and then stopping heating to obtain a reaction solution;
standing the reaction solution for 10min, centrifuging the upper suspension, removing the supernatant generated by centrifugation, and collecting the solid product A obtained by centrifugation;
the solid product A was washed with ethanol and deionized water, and transferred to 100mL of 0.25mol/L FeCl 3 ·6H 2 Soaking in O solution at room temperature for 2 h; carrying out suction filtration, collecting a solid product B obtained by suction filtration, and drying in an oven at 80 ℃ for 6 h;
and (3) placing the solid product B into a box-type furnace, heating to 410 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min for 2h in a nitrogen atmosphere, and heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for 2h to obtain the nitrogen and boron co-doped iron-based catalyst.
Example 3
According to the volume ratio of 1: 6 mixing ethanol and water to obtain an ethanol water solution; accurately weighing 18.3g of boric acid, dissolving in an ethanol water solution, metering to 300mL, and uniformly mixing to obtain 300mL of 1mol/L solvent;
2g F127, 1.1g of 3-aminophenol and 1.0g of hexamethylenetetramine are sequentially added into the solvent system, and magnetic stirring is carried out from the room temperature condition to raise the temperature to 80 ℃; keeping the reaction at 80 ℃ for 8h, and then stopping heating to obtain reaction liquid;
standing the reaction solution for 10min, centrifuging the upper suspension, removing the supernatant generated by centrifugation, and collecting the solid product A obtained by centrifugation;
the solid product A was washed with ethanol and deionized water, and transferred to 100mL of 0.25mol/L FeCl 3 ·6H 2 Soaking in O solution at room temperature for 2 h; carrying out suction filtration, collecting a solid product B obtained by suction filtration, and drying in an oven at 80 ℃ for 6 h;
and (3) placing the solid product B in a box-type furnace, heating to 410 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min for 2h in a nitrogen atmosphere, and heating to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min for 2h to obtain the nitrogen and boron co-doped iron-based catalyst.
The polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst prepared in example 1 was subjected to performance tests including scanning electron microscopy characterization, transmission electron microscopy and Mapping characterization, polycrystalline X-ray diffraction characterization, and electrochemical performance testing:
1. characterization of scanning Electron microscope
The structural morphology of the iron-based catalyst was observed by scanning electron microscopy, and the results are shown in fig. 1. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the prepared iron-based catalyst has a uniform spherical structure with a diameter of about 300 nm; the spherical surface has obvious defects, and more active sites can be provided; the iron element is not obviously aggregated, and no iron particles exist on the spherical surface, which preliminarily shows that the iron element is uniformly distributed in the nanospheres.
2. Transmission electron microscopy and Mapping characterization
The structural morphology of the iron-based catalyst is further observed by adopting a projection electron microscope, the result is shown in figure 2, 2a (200nm) and 2b (5nm) are Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) result images of target materials with different magnifications, and the distribution state of the iron element is not obviously observed in the images to prove that the iron element exists in a tiny nano-size form, and the nano-cluster and the monatomic iron are probably existed at the same time; 2 c-2 f are element test result graphs, and the results prove that B, C, N, Fe elements are uniformly distributed in the nano microsphere structure, and in addition, 2f shows that the prepared iron-based catalyst has higher loading capacity.
3. Polycrystalline X-ray diffraction characterization
The element component information of the iron-based catalyst is represented by polycrystalline X-ray diffraction, the result is shown in figure 3, and the test result of figure 3 shows that the prepared target material only has an amorphous carbon peak, does not have a related crystal form iron metal signal peak, and proves that the iron element in the target material exists in a form of single atom or nanocluster.
4. Electrochemical Performance test-Oxygen Reduction Reaction (ORR)
In order to study the catalytic activity of the prepared iron-based catalyst, 20% Pt/C was selected as a control for evaluation of the catalytic performance of cathode oxygen reduction (ORR). Using a three-electrode system in O 2 Cyclic voltammetric scans were performed in a saturated 0.1M aqueous KOH solution at an electrode rotation rate of 1600r/min and a scan rate of 5 mV/s. Under the condition of room temperature, 0.1M KOH aqueous solution is used as electrolyte, a saturated calomel electrode is used as a reference electrode, a Pt sheet is used as an auxiliary electrode, and a platinum carbon electrode is used as a working electrode.
As can be seen from FIG. 4, the half-wave potential of the iron-based catalyst prepared by the method(E 1/2 ) At 0.88V, exhibited ORR catalytic activity superior to that of the commercial 20% Pt/C catalyst, indicating that the iron-based catalyst prepared had excellent ORR performance.
The preparation method takes boric acid as an acidic system, is beneficial to realizing in-situ coordination of iron element under an acidic condition, is easy to form an iron nanocluster or iron monatomic structure in the carbonization process, and has the advantages of greenness, economy, high efficiency and large-scale synthesis.
In the polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst prepared by the invention, elements such as B, C, N, Fe are uniformly distributed in a nano microsphere structure, namely the polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst prepared by the invention has higher loading capacity and excellent ORR performance.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A preparation method of a polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: dissolving boric acid in an ethanol water solution, and uniformly mixing to obtain a solvent;
step 2: sequentially adding polyether F127, 3-aminophenol and hexamethylenetetramine into the solvent obtained in the step 1, stirring and heating to 80 ℃, reacting for 8 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃, and stopping heating to obtain a reaction solution;
and step 3: standing the reaction solution obtained in the step 2, centrifuging the upper suspension, removing the supernatant generated by centrifugation, and collecting the solid product A obtained by centrifugation;
and 4, step 4: washing the solid product A with ethanol and deionized water respectively, and transferring the solid product A to FeCl 3 ·6H 2 Soaking in the solution O at room temperature, performing suction filtration, collecting a solid product B obtained by suction filtration, and drying;
and 5: and calcining the dried solid product B at high temperature to obtain the polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst.
2. The method for preparing a polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the volume ratio of ethanol to water in the ethanol aqueous solution is 1: 6.
3. the method of claim 1, wherein the concentration of boric acid in the solvent obtained in step 1 is one of 0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 mol/L.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 4, FeCl is added 3 ·6H 2 The concentration of the O solution is 0.25 mol/L;
solid product A in FeCl 3 ·6H 2 The time for soaking in the O solution is 2 h.
5. The method for preparing a polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4, the solid product B is dried by the following method: the solid product B was dried in an oven at 80 ℃ for 6 h.
6. The method for preparing the polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst according to claim 1, wherein in the step 5, the solid product B is calcined by the following method: putting the solid product B into a box-type furnace, heating to 410 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min in a nitrogen atmosphere, and keeping for 2 h; then heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min and keeping for 2 h.
7. A polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst prepared by the method of preparing a polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
CN202210805101.0A 2022-07-08 2022-07-08 Polyatomic doped iron-based catalyst and preparation method thereof Pending CN115007189A (en)

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Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN111111649A (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-05-08 上海师范大学 Heteroatom-modified Pd nano catalytic material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113582161A (en) * 2021-08-10 2021-11-02 复旦大学 Small-size porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles and preparation method thereof
US20210394161A1 (en) * 2018-11-08 2021-12-23 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology Method for preparing single-atom catalyst supported on carbon support
CN113862693A (en) * 2021-10-13 2021-12-31 中国海洋大学 Preparation method and application of nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon-loaded high-dispersion Ru nanoparticle catalyst

Patent Citations (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108970577A (en) * 2018-07-17 2018-12-11 西北农林科技大学 A kind of mesoporous carbon nanosheet of Co/N codope and preparation method and application
US20210394161A1 (en) * 2018-11-08 2021-12-23 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology Method for preparing single-atom catalyst supported on carbon support
CN111111649A (en) * 2019-12-10 2020-05-08 上海师范大学 Heteroatom-modified Pd nano catalytic material and preparation method and application thereof
CN113582161A (en) * 2021-08-10 2021-11-02 复旦大学 Small-size porous nitrogen-doped carbon nanoparticles and preparation method thereof
CN113862693A (en) * 2021-10-13 2021-12-31 中国海洋大学 Preparation method and application of nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon-loaded high-dispersion Ru nanoparticle catalyst

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