CN115005479B - Method for improving quality of upper tobacco leaves - Google Patents
Method for improving quality of upper tobacco leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN115005479B CN115005479B CN202210728886.6A CN202210728886A CN115005479B CN 115005479 B CN115005479 B CN 115005479B CN 202210728886 A CN202210728886 A CN 202210728886A CN 115005479 B CN115005479 B CN 115005479B
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- tobacco leaves
- feed liquid
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/12—Steaming, curing, or flavouring tobacco
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B15/00—Chemical features or treatment of tobacco; Tobacco substitutes, e.g. in liquid form
- A24B15/18—Treatment of tobacco products or tobacco substitutes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B3/00—Preparing tobacco in the factory
- A24B3/18—Other treatment of leaves, e.g. puffing, crimpling, cleaning
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, which comprises the following steps: mixing the first feed liquid and the second feed liquid with tobacco leaves in sequence, and then storing; the first feed liquid is a mixed ethanol aqueous solution of yeast; the second feed liquid is a mixed ethanol aqueous solution of a nitrogen source and a carbon source; the yeast is a combination of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, aroma-producing active dry yeast and Hansenula. The method provided by the invention can reduce the content of total plant alkali and starch in the upper tobacco leaves, improve the content of water-soluble total sugar and reducing sugar, improve the sugar-alkali ratio, improve the fragrance of the tobacco leaves and reduce miscellaneous gases.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of tobacco preservation, and particularly relates to a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, in particular to a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, which can improve the fragrance of tobacco leaves.
Background
In recent years, researches on improving the quality of low-grade tobacco by using biotechnology have been increasingly conducted, and microbial fermentation is an important means for improving the quality of tobacco raw materials. In the existing research, fermentation is usually carried out in a small incubator, and scientific researchers also use a drum-type solid-state fermentation reaction chamber which is self-developed, in addition, units disclose fermentation device design results which are applied to large-scale processing, and the processing requirements of tobacco fermentation can be well met. The annual output of the upper tobacco leaves is high, but the use ratio in the leaf group formula is low due to poor quality, so that the stock quantity is large, the storage time is relatively long, and the fermentation device is more suitable for tobacco raw materials which can be immediately put into use after treatment, but the storage requirement of most of the upper tobacco raw materials is difficult to meet. In production, in the face of huge tobacco yields, larger space and processing costs are required, whether the stacked tobacco leaves are unpacked, loosened and then treated, or the treated tobacco leaves are placed in specific environmental conditions for fermentation.
CN113383981a discloses a method for improving tobacco quality on the basis of not changing original process equipment and parameters, namely adding a feeding device at a secondary moistening process point in redrying stage, spraying an enzyme preparation on the surface of tobacco, and then directly threshing and redrying.
CN113796564a discloses an industrial fermentation method for improving cigar core tobacco quality, which comprises the following steps: s1, tobacco pretreatment: respectively carrying out moisture regaining and water balancing treatment on tobacco leaves at different leaf positions by using a nutrient solution so that the tobacco leaves at different leaf positions respectively reach respective first target water contents; s2, stacking tobacco leaves: respectively stacking the pretreated tobacco leaves with different leaf positions; s3, fermenting tobacco leaves and turning the piles: respectively fermenting and turning tobacco leaves with different leaf positions according to the temperature of the core stack and/or fermentation days; s4, tobacco mellowing: and (3) regulating the water content of the fermented tobacco leaves to a second target water content, and placing the tobacco leaves in an alcoholizing chamber for alcoholizing. According to the method, different control strategies are adopted for fermentation time, stack turning times and stack turning nodes according to different tobacco leaf positions, so that tobacco leaf contents in different tobacco leaf positions can be fully degraded, smoke is more mellow, quality of tobacco leaves with eggplant cores is improved, and industrial processing requirements are met.
The quality of the upper tobacco leaves is lower, the yield is high, and the storage time is relatively longer. Therefore, how to provide a method capable of effectively improving the quality of the upper tobacco leaves is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, in particular to a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, which can improve the fragrance of the tobacco leaves. The method provided by the invention can reduce the content of total plant alkali and starch in the upper tobacco leaves, improve the content of water-soluble total sugar and reducing sugar, improve the sugar-alkali ratio, improve the fragrance of the tobacco leaves and reduce miscellaneous gases.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, which comprises the following steps:
and mixing the first feed liquid and the second feed liquid with tobacco leaves in sequence, and then storing.
The first feed liquid is a mixed ethanol aqueous solution of yeast.
The second feed liquid is a mixed ethanol aqueous solution of a nitrogen source and a carbon source.
The yeast is a combination of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, aroma-producing active dry yeast and Hansenula.
According to the method, the fermentation strain, the nitrogen source and the carbon source are mixed with tobacco leaves step by step, so that the stability of bacterial suspension can be controlled more easily, and the bacteria, the nitrogen source and the carbon source can be distributed more uniformly; the saccharomyces cerevisiae, the aroma-producing active dry yeast and the hansenula polymorpha are compounded to perform synergistic effect and perform co-fermentation, so that the content of water-soluble total sugar and reducing sugar in the upper tobacco leaves can be increased, the sugar-alkali ratio is increased, the content of total plant alkali and starch is reduced, the aroma of the tobacco leaves is improved, and the miscellaneous gas is reduced.
The invention does not limit the storage time, and tobacco leaves in storage can be taken out at any time according to the need in the actual production process for subsequent processing production.
Preferably, the mass of the yeast is 0.04-0.08% of the mass of the tobacco leaves.
Preferably, the nitrogen source includes any one or a combination of at least two of soybean peptide, wheat protein peptide, rice protein peptide, whey protein peptide, or casein peptide, for example, a combination of soybean peptide and wheat protein peptide, a combination of wheat protein peptide and rice protein peptide, or a combination of whey protein peptide and casein peptide, etc., but not limited to the above-listed combinations, and other non-listed combinations within the above-listed combinations are equally applicable.
Preferably, the mass of the nitrogen source is 0.008-0.012% of the mass of tobacco leaves.
Preferably, the carbon source includes any one or a combination of at least two of glucose, fructose, maltose, starch syrup or fructose syrup, for example, a combination of glucose and fructose, a combination of fructose and maltose, or a combination of starch syrup and fructose syrup, etc., but not limited to the above-listed combinations, and other non-listed combinations within the above-listed combinations are equally applicable.
Preferably, the mass of the carbon source is 0.8-1.2% of the mass of the tobacco leaves.
Preferably, in the first feed liquid and the second feed liquid, the volume fraction of the ethanol is 18-22% independently;
preferably, the total mass of the first feed liquid and the second feed liquid is 1-5% of the mass of tobacco leaves.
Preferably, the storage is performed at an oxygen concentration of 0-21%.
Among the parameters, the fermentation condition of the strain in the storage process can be regulated and controlled by changing the oxygen concentration, so that the condition of each substance parameter in tobacco leaves is influenced, and the preservation time is influenced. In actual production, the oxygen concentration can be reasonably adjusted according to the preservation requirement.
Preferably, the storage is carried out at a temperature of 18-22 ℃.
The mass of the yeast may be 0.04%, 0.05%, 0.06%, 0.07%, 0.08% or the like of the tobacco leaf mass, the mass of the nitrogen source may be 0.008%, 0.009%, 0.01%, 0.011%, 0.012% or the like of the tobacco leaf mass, the mass of the carbon source may be 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 1.1% or 1.2% or the like of the tobacco leaf mass, the volume fraction of ethanol may be 18%, 19%, 20%, 21% or 22% or the like, the total mass of the first feed liquid and the second feed liquid may be 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% or 5% or the like of the tobacco leaf mass, the oxygen concentration may be 0, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 14%, 16%, 18% or 21% or the like, the temperature may be 18 ℃, 19 ℃,20 ℃, 21 ℃ or 22 ℃, or the like, but the above-mentioned values are not limited to the above-mentioned values, and other non-cited values are equally applicable.
The parameters are matched with specific strains, so that the content of water-soluble total sugar and reducing sugar in the upper tobacco leaves can be effectively increased, the sugar-alkali ratio is increased, the content of total plant alkali and starch is reduced, the fragrance of the tobacco leaves is improved, and the miscellaneous gas is reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, which comprises the steps of mixing fermentation strains with nitrogen sources and carbon sources with tobacco leaves step by step, adopting the combination of saccharomyces cerevisiae, aroma-producing active dry yeast and hansenula polymorpha, and carrying out synergistic effect to carry out co-fermentation, so that the contents of water-soluble total sugar and reducing sugar in the upper tobacco leaves can be improved, the ratio of sugar to alkali can be improved, the contents of total plant alkali and starch can be reduced, the aroma of the tobacco leaves can be improved, and the impurity gas can be reduced.
Detailed Description
In order to further describe the technical means adopted by the present invention and the effects thereof, the following describes the technical scheme of the present invention in combination with the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments.
In the following example, the upper tobacco leaf is Yongzhou B2F (B1) mixed tobacco, purchased from Guangdong Zhongyan industries, inc.;
soy peptides were purchased from guangdong Hua peptide biotechnology limited;
saccharomyces cerevisiae, active dry yeast for aroma generation, hansenula polymorpha were purchased from Angel Yeast Co.
The following instruments and equipment are adopted:
LRH-250-S constant temperature and humidity incubator, guangdong Tachong Jun science instruments Co., ltd; FOSS cyclone sample mill CT293, fos analytical instruments (su zhou) inc; AA3 continuous flow analyzer, bran+luebbe, germany; the sigma AS8801 oxygen detector, dongguan wanchuang electronics limited.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, which comprises the following specific steps (the following percentages are percentages of the quality of corresponding raw materials to the quality of tobacco leaves, for example, without special description):
the method comprises the steps of firstly spraying a first feed liquid (obtained by dissolving 0.02% of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 0.02% of active dry yeast for aroma generation and 0.02% of Hansenula polymorpha in a 1.5% ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 20%) on tobacco leaves, then spraying a second feed liquid (obtained by dissolving 1% of glucose and 0.01% of soybean peptide in a 1.5% ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 20%) on the tobacco leaves, constantly stirring the tobacco leaves in the spraying process to ensure uniform spraying, storing the tobacco leaves in an environment with the oxygen concentration of 2 ℃ and the temperature of 20 ℃, and taking out the tobacco leaves at any time according to requirements for subsequent processing.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, which comprises the following specific steps (the following percentages are percentages of the quality of corresponding raw materials to the quality of tobacco leaves, for example, without special description):
the method comprises the steps of firstly spraying a first feed liquid (obtained by dissolving 0.02% of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 0.02% of aroma-producing active dry yeast in 0.5% of ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 18%) on tobacco leaves, then spraying a second feed liquid (obtained by dissolving 0.8% of glucose and 0.008% of soybean peptide in 0.5% of ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 18%) on the tobacco leaves, continuously stirring the tobacco leaves in the spraying process to ensure uniform spraying, and then storing the tobacco leaves in an environment with the oxygen concentration of 0 and 22 ℃, and taking out the tobacco leaves at any time for subsequent processing according to requirements.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, which comprises the following specific steps (the following percentages are percentages of the quality of corresponding raw materials to the quality of tobacco leaves, for example, without special description):
the method comprises the steps of firstly spraying a first feed liquid (obtained by dissolving 0.04% of saccharomyces cerevisiae and 0.04% of active dry yeast for aroma generation in 2.5% of ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 22%) on tobacco leaves, then spraying a second feed liquid (obtained by dissolving 1.2% of glucose and 0.012% of soybean peptide in 2.5% of ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 22%) on the tobacco leaves, continuously stirring the tobacco leaves in the spraying process to ensure uniform spraying, and then storing the tobacco leaves in an environment with the oxygen concentration of 4% and the temperature of 18 ℃, and taking out the tobacco leaves at any time for subsequent processing according to requirements.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, and the specific steps are the same as those of embodiment 1 except that the volume fractions of the ethanol aqueous solutions in the first feed liquid and the second feed liquid are both 15%.
Example 5
The present example provided a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, and the specific steps were the same as example 1 except that the volume fractions of the aqueous ethanol solutions in the first feed liquid and the second feed liquid were 25%.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, which comprises the following specific steps (the following percentages are percentages of the quality of corresponding raw materials to the quality of tobacco leaves, for example, without special description):
and spraying a second feed liquid (obtained by dissolving 1% glucose and 0.01% soybean peptide in 1.5% ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 20%) on tobacco leaves, continuously turning the tobacco leaves in the spraying process to ensure uniform spraying, and then storing the tobacco leaves in an environment with the oxygen concentration of 2% and the temperature of 20 ℃, and taking out the tobacco leaves at any time according to requirements for subsequent processing.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, which comprises the following specific steps (the following percentages are percentages of the quality of corresponding raw materials to the quality of tobacco leaves, for example, without special description):
the feed liquid (prepared by dissolving 0.03% of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 0.03% of active dry yeast for generating aroma, 1% of glucose and 0.01% of soybean peptide in a 3% ethanol water solution with the volume fraction of 20%) is sprayed on tobacco leaves, the tobacco leaves are continuously turned in the spraying process to ensure uniform spraying, and then the tobacco leaves are stored in an environment with the oxygen concentration of 2 ℃ and the temperature of 20 ℃ and can be taken out at any time according to requirements for subsequent processing.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a method for improving the quality of the upper tobacco leaves, which is the same as example 1 except that Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not added in the specific steps, and the reduced portion is proportionally distributed to the aroma-producing active dry yeast and Hansenula polymorpha.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example provides a method for improving the quality of the upper tobacco leaves, which is the same as example 1 except that the aroma-producing active dry yeast is not added in the specific steps, and the proportion of the reduced fraction is proportionally distributed to Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Hansenula polymorpha.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example provides a method for improving the quality of the upper tobacco leaves, which is the same as example 1 except that Hansenula is not added in the specific steps, and the reduced proportion is distributed to Saccharomyces cerevisiae and dry yeast with fragrance generating activity.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example provides a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, which is the same as example 1 except that the steps are not added with aroma-producing active dry yeast and Hansenula polymorpha, and part of the aroma-producing active dry yeast and Hansenula polymorpha are reduced and distributed to Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Comparative example 7
This comparative example provides a method for improving the quality of the upper tobacco leaves, which is the same as example 1 except that Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Hansenula are not added in the specific steps, and the distribution of part of the dried yeast to the aroma-generating activity is reduced.
Comparative example 8
This comparative example provides a method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, which is the same as example 1 except that the steps of the method are not added with aroma-producing active dry yeast and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and the allocation of part of the aroma-producing active dry yeast and Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Hansenula is reduced.
Tobacco leaves stored for 6 months in the methods described in the above examples and comparative examples were taken out and examined together with tobacco leaves stored directly (oxygen concentration 2%, 20 ℃) for 6 months without the treatment of the method of the present invention. The determination of the water-soluble total sugar, the reducing sugar and the total plant alkaloid refers to YC/T159-2019 and YC/T160-2002; determination of starch content reference Yin Jianxiong et al (Yin Jianxiong, lu Gong, xie Jiang, et al, 3, 5-dinitrosalicylic acid colorimetric method for rapid determination of tobacco water-soluble total sugar, reducing sugar and starch discussion [ J ]. University of Yunnan agriculture, report 2007,89 (6): 829-833, 838.); the sensory evaluation method is as follows: the group of 7 sensory panel tests were used to test samples in a blind test. The quality characteristic indexes are scored, including aroma quality, aroma quantity, miscellaneous gas, irritation and aftertaste, and the score standards are shown in the following table. The sensory quality score is calculated according to the corresponding index weight, and the calculation formula is as follows: sensory quality score= (aroma quality x 0.35+aroma amount x 0.25+miscellaneous gas x 0.1+pungent x 0.15+aftertaste x 0.15) ×11.11, evaluation criteria are as follows:
the test results were as follows:
the results show that the method for improving the quality of the upper tobacco leaves can effectively improve the quality of the tobacco leaves; comparing example 1, comparative example 1 and untreated group, the invention can obviously improve the quality of upper tobacco leaves, effectively improve the sugar-alkali ratio of the tobacco leaves, reduce the content of total plant alkali and starch, improve the fragrance of the tobacco leaves, reduce miscellaneous gases and irritation and have better sense by adopting specific strains and controlling related parameters; as can be seen from comparing the example 1 and the comparative example 2, the invention can further improve the quality of tobacco leaves by mixing the fermentation strain with the nitrogen source and the carbon source step by step with the tobacco leaves, compared with the method that the fermentation strain is mixed with the nitrogen source and the carbon source simultaneously with the tobacco leaves; as can be seen from the comparison of the example 1 and the comparative examples 3-8, the invention can obviously improve the quality of tobacco leaves, effectively improve the sugar-alkali ratio of the tobacco leaves, reduce the content of total plant alkali and starch, improve the fragrance of the tobacco leaves, reduce miscellaneous gases and irritation and have better sense through the synergistic effect of the three components of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, aroma-producing active dry yeast and Hansenula; as can be seen from comparing the examples 1 and 4-5, the invention can control fermentation by controlling the volume fraction of the ethanol water solution, and avoid the influence of mildewing of tobacco leaves during storage and the quality, aroma and sense of tobacco leaves caused by excessive moisture.
The applicant states that the present invention is described by way of the above examples as a method of improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, but the present invention is not limited to, i.e. it is not meant that the present invention must be practiced in dependence upon the above examples. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of raw materials for the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., falls within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
Claims (6)
1. A method of improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves, the method comprising the steps of:
mixing the first feed liquid and the second feed liquid with tobacco leaves in sequence, and then storing;
the first feed liquid is a mixed ethanol aqueous solution of yeast;
the second feed liquid is a mixed ethanol aqueous solution of a nitrogen source and a carbon source;
the yeast is a combination of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, active dry yeast for generating fragrance and Hansenula polymorpha;
the mass of the yeast is 0.04-0.08% of the mass of the tobacco leaves;
the volume fraction of ethanol in the first feed liquid and the second feed liquid is 18-22% independently;
the storage is carried out at an oxygen concentration of 0-21% and a temperature of 18-22 ℃.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the nitrogen source comprises any one or a combination of at least two of soy peptide, wheat protein peptide, rice protein peptide, whey protein peptide, or casein peptide.
3. A method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein the nitrogen source is 0.008-0.012% of the tobacco leaf.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the carbon source comprises any one or a combination of at least two of glucose, fructose, maltose, starch syrup, or fructose syrup.
5. A method for improving the quality of upper tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the carbon source is 0.8-1.2% of the mass of tobacco leaves.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the total mass of the first and second feed solutions is 1-5% of the tobacco mass.
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| CN114395493B (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2024-01-30 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Fermentation liquor for improving quality of upper tobacco leaves and application thereof |
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