CN115002146A - Application method of object model in industrial Internet of things - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an application method of an object model in an industrial Internet of things, belonging to the technical field of industrial Internet of things; the method specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, transmitting the data of the acquisition edge end to an IOT message server; the upper computer performs equipment parameter configuration on the cloud through an object model, and a sensor of the entity equipment acquires and preprocesses data in real time and stores the data in a database; then, the cloud end acquires alarm information by monitoring acquired data in real time and comparing the acquired data with a threshold value, and issues a service release through the object model; the object model calls corresponding tables, and the tables are converted into ID information to be sent to the edge terminal; finally, the edge terminal executes the corresponding instruction to carry out intelligent control and fault detection and report; the invention introduces the configurable script into the calculation of the object model attribute, and the calculation mode is more flexible.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of industrial Internet of things, and particularly relates to an application method of an object model in the industrial Internet of things.
Background
The new generation of internet of things technology adopts a mode of combining end clouds, a constructed internet of things platform has the capability of collecting and analyzing data, the hidden danger problem caused by railway turnout can be solved more efficiently, safely and energy-effectively, and meanwhile, the industrial internet of things utilizes the data analysis capability of the cloud platform, the flow is improved, and the dispatching and management of routing inspection personnel are realized in a unified manner. In the development process of industrial internet of things application, the object model mainly realizes the functions of ubiquitous linkage and interconnection and intercommunication between 'object-object' and 'human-object'.
The object model is a digital representation of an entity (such as a sensor, a vehicle-mounted device, a building, a factory and the like) in a physical space in a cloud end, and comprises three dimensions of attributes, services and events, which respectively describe what the entity is, what the entity can do, and what information can be provided to the outside. Attributes are mainly used to describe information of the device state. The service is mainly used to describe commands and their responses sent to the device. The event is mainly used for describing event data actively reported by the equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an application method of an object model in an industrial Internet of things, which comprises the steps of accessing a controller of an edge device, collecting data of each device, abstracting the attribute of the object model, mapping a service method, collecting events, transmitting the data to an intelligent platform through a safety channel, and carrying out data analysis, rule calculation and rule statistics on the data by the platform to realize the purposes of interconnection and edge intelligence of industrial field devices.
The application method of the object model in the industrial Internet of things comprises the following specific steps:
step one, collecting edge end data and transmitting the edge end data to an IOT message server;
the data flow is carried out by adopting a Topic flag bit, a message body carries published subscribed topics, a data analysis service subscribes corresponding Topic to obtain message contents reported by equipment, corresponding configuration information and identification codes are read from a relational database, and one identification code corresponds to a specific equipment below a gateway;
secondly, the upper computer is connected with a cloud, and equipment is configured at the cloud through an object model;
for a plurality of real devices in the same gateway, each device corresponds to an identification code, and one identification code corresponds to an object model, namely, the real devices are associated with the object models one by one.
The physical model includes 5 data sheets: the device model comprises an equipment model table 1, a model attribute table 2, a model service table 3, a model event table 4 and a model Topic table 5;
the ID and device model name of the device model are stored in the device model table 1; model attributes cannot be modified in the enabled state, and model services and events can be modified.
The model attribute table 2 stores the contents of attribute codes, attribute names, equipment reporting identifiers, calculation modes, extended scripts and the like; when the system is started, all parameters need to be written into a message queue in a time sequence database for subscribing and updating by the analysis program. The time sequence database is used for updating subsequent descriptions of the message queue format, updating the model, updating the binding relationship and the like.
The model service table 3 stores the format of the command and the response sent to the device; and recording the issuing condition of each instruction in a RemoteServiceCall table.
The model event table 4 stores the name of the model event, the number of parameters, the description of the parameters, and the like; the parameter description adopts parameter identification, parameter name and parameter type in json format, and similarly, the event condition of the equipment is recorded in an EquipmentEvent table.
The model Topic table 5 stores the publish/subscribe mode provided by each service; such as attribute reporting, attribute setting, service invocation, service reply, event reporting equipment and the like.
After the parameters of each device are configured by the cloud, a sensor of the entity device acquires data in real time, preprocesses the data and stores the data in a database;
the cloud end acquires data through real-time monitoring, compares the monitored data with rules set by business management requirements, judges and acquires alarm information, and issues service release through the object model;
the issuing service is issued through an MQTT message server, each scheduling mode of the equipment is set by the cloud, and when the modes are switched, a channel in the control cabinet is started in a time-staggered mode;
step five, the object model calls corresponding tables respectively for each issued service, and the tables are converted into ID information to be sent to an edge terminal;
the communication process scans and acquires the SN mode of the equipment or dynamically distributes and calculates the key through broadcasting the SN, and the key is changed once in 10 minutes.
The gateway loads an identification code and an alias of a designated instance of the object model, stores the identification code and the alias in the object model, and performs two-way communication with the edge terminal equipment by adopting a transparent transmission mode or a transparent transmission mode plus a self-defined broadcast packet through a universal serial port of a module;
and step six, the edge end correspondingly issues a control instruction to carry out intelligent control and fault detection on each device.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. an application method of an object model in an industrial Internet of things introduces a configurable script into object model attribute calculation, and the calculation mode is more flexible.
2. An application method of an object model in an industrial Internet of things combines a publishing and subscribing mode with the object model to form a unified framework.
3. An application method of an object model in an industrial Internet of things can set a plurality of services for controlling equipment when setting services and attributes, and can perform customized participation and participation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an object model parsing and data exchange architecture diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of object model data parsing of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of an application method of an object model in the industrial internet of things.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained by combining the drawings and the embodiment.
The invention provides an application method of an object model in an industrial Internet of things, which relates to the development process of object model control and model modeling and is actually applied to a railway turnout control cabinet; as shown in fig. 1, for a plurality of real devices in the same gateway to report attributes, sending a message to the cloud end; the cloud terminal analyzes data in a JSON format, combines with mapping configuration of a database object model, and records data flow in a time sequence database; and sending the downlink to the real equipment. The data analysis adopts a publish-subscribe mode, and data circulation is carried out by adopting a Topic flag bit.
As shown in fig. 2, when data is sent uplink, the device side performs device authentication and device access, the data authentication occurs before the access gateway-device model association, and may be configured during data access or in the device physical model management, the main content of the configuration includes the corresponding relationship between the associated access channel and the downward-hanging device model and the instance, and as a result, the channel authentication relationship is automatically generated and stored in the relationship database. The cloud analyzes and manages the data, and the data is stored in the database through the rule calculation of the rule engine.
When data is sent in a downlink mode, firstly, equipment attributes, services and events are set, the data are sent to real equipment for monitoring through rule calculation, monitored data are compared with rules set by business management requirements, alarm information is judged and obtained, information pushing and management are achieved, and service issuing is carried out through a physical model; the edge terminal executes the issued command correspondingly, and judges and reports fault detection, ammeter detection and other alarm information.
An application method of the object model in the industrial internet of things is shown in fig. 3, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step one, connecting the edge of each entity device to a railway turnout, and acquiring edge end data and transmitting the edge end data to an IOT message server;
the entity equipment comprises a turnout control cabinet, an intelligent ammeter, a meteorological station and the like;
the edge end data acquisition equipment is connected with the IOT message server through SSL/TLS to realize the encrypted transmission of the message;
the encrypted transmission includes: bidirectional authentication and asymmetric encryption modes; when asymmetric encryption is carried out, a basic CA certificate, an equipment serial number SN and a project PK/PS need to be built in edge end data acquisition equipment in advance, authentication and authentication are carried out through APIKEY authentication, because a controller does not obtain a secret key in a display or output mode, a dynamic pairing code cannot be used, a static pairing code is used during authentication, and a 6-bit secret key is calculated by scanning a two-dimensional code or the SN serial number through generation of the pairing code.
The specific encryption process is as follows:
firstly, a user inputs an instruction AT + SECL:1 or AT + LESC:0, the AT + LESC determines whether a static pairing code or a dynamic pairing code is used during authentication, and if the LESC is 0, the static pairing code is used during authentication; if the LESC is 1, a dynamic pairing code is adopted during authentication;
then, the pairing code is input: AT + PASS pairing code; the mode supports authentication and encryption, the authentication of the two devices is based on a static pairing code set by a user, and a communication encryption algorithm is also based on the pairing code set by the user; that is to say, after the third party captures the air packet data, if the pairing code is unknown, the communication data between the two devices cannot be cracked, namely, the data safety transmission is ensured.
Then, data analysis adopts a publish-subscribe mode, a Topic flag bit is adopted for data flow, and a message body carries the published and subscribed Topic, such as Things/{ client }/Attribute/Post; the data analysis service subscribes to corresponding Topic to obtain message content reported by the equipment, and reads corresponding configuration information and identification codes from a relational database, wherein one identification code corresponds to a specific equipment below one path of gateway;
secondly, the upper computer is connected with a cloud, and equipment is configured at the cloud through an object model;
for attribute reporting of a plurality of real devices in the same gateway, the Topic flag bits are the same, and the difference is that each device corresponds to one identification code, and one identification code corresponds to one object model, that is, the real devices are associated with the object models one by one. Although the topic of one gateway is the same, the identification code of each device is different, so that the devices can be distinguished; the clientid is the unique identifier of the acquisition equipment in the MQTT message server and is also the unique identifier in the software system; the edge controller is one machine and one secret, and the certificate adopts a project set of certificate.
Based on the corresponding relation, the analysis program carries out data analysis through the corresponding relation in the table, and the analysis content comprises the state of the issued service, the error log and the current data state. And simultaneously, a time sequence database sub-table is created for each equipment analysis state, the analysis state is stored in the time sequence database table, the Status field is whether the equipment is on line or not, the on-line state of the gateway and the on-line state of the equipment hung below the gateway are obtained through real-time calculation of the on-line state and the off-line state of the gateway. The service method, the attribute setting and the query request in the downlink data are issued, each message has a unique ID as an identifier and is assigned to corresponding equipment, and the data management is realized.
The object model consists of three parts, namely Attribute Attribute, Service method Service and Event;
the method comprises the steps of realizing adding, deleting and updating of equipment models by defining transmission parameters, attribute parameters, service methods and event parameters of various types of equipment; monitoring the state of the equipment model; access channel-device add binding; basic device monitoring and operation purposes.
The Attribute parameters can be used for data monitoring and equipment control, the Service method Service can be used for equipment remote control or equipment parameter setting, and the Event is mainly used for monitoring the real-time information of the equipment. The setting service can set a plurality of services for device control and define entry and exit. The event setting may set event information, such as a message, an exception, and the like, reported by the device.
In the IOT device scene, attribute parameters need to be set under a device model to define device reporting parameters, when the attribute parameters are set, if the device reporting identifiers fill in contents, the parameters can directly report data through a device terminal, if the device reporting identifiers are empty, the parameters need to define parameter rules in rule operation, and the data of the parameters are generally generated by other parameters after data operation.
The realization of the object model corresponds to a bottom database and specifically comprises 5 data tables: equipment model table 1, model attribute table 2, model service table 3, model event table 4, and model Topic table 5.
In the device model table 1, the key field includes a device model ID and a device model name for uniquely identifying the model, the model can be associated and analyzed only in the enabled state, the enabled state is a fixed state of the model, and a time sequence database model super table needs to be created during startup. Model attributes cannot be modified in the model enabled state, and model services and events can be modified.
In the model attribute table 2, the key fields include attribute codes, attribute names, equipment reporting identifiers, calculation modes, extended scripts and other contents, and because the attributes of the models often relate to calculation, the calculation modes set by the invention include bit-taking calculation, linear calculation, script calculation and default null-state non-operation, and when the scripts are calculated, the escape symbols of the scripts need to be noticed. When the model is started, all parameters of the model are required to be written into a message queue in a time sequence database; for the parser to subscribe to and update. Updating subsequent description of the message queue format, updating the model, updating the binding relationship and the like by the time sequence database.
In the model service table 3, the format of the command sent to the device and the response thereof is described, the entry and exit references adopt a json format, and the number of the entry and exit references is limited in the escape storage table when the entry and exit references describe storage, so that the flexible setting of the model service is realized. In order to ensure that the service delivery can be traced and inquired, the service delivery state records each instruction delivery condition in a RemoteServiceCall table.
The model event table 4 is similar to the model service table, and uses the device model ID as a unique identifier, and the table content includes a model event name, a parameter number, a parameter description, and the like, and the parameter description adopts a parameter identifier, a parameter name, and a parameter type in a json format, and similarly, the event table records the event condition of the device in the EquipmentEvent table.
The model Topic table 5 provides a publish/subscribe mode for the services in the tables 2, 3, and 4, such as attribute reporting, attribute setting, service invocation, service reply, and event reporting devices. The invention combines the calling of methods such as service calling, attribute setting, attribute inquiry and the like with topic, takes the unique equipment identifier as an index, and provides a calling mode of types in attribute operation and service calling 2.
After the parameters of each device are configured by the cloud, a sensor of the entity device acquires data in real time, preprocesses the data and stores the data in a database;
the platform needs to calculate non-null values such as average values and peak values of data collected in real time for analysis, and the calculation and statistics of rules are realized through rule setting of a rule engine. Preprocessing refers to setting rules of a rule engine to realize the operation and statistics of the rules;
the rule operation obtains the complex parameter attribute required to be used through the complex operation of the original parameter attribute of the equipment model data, supports Python, Lua and other configurable scripts, and has more flexible calculation mode. The rule statistics is to perform statistical rule operations on the original parameters, including four arithmetic operations, aggregation, variance, square root, integration and the like, and to present statistical data of corresponding parameters on a page through a visual configuration function.
Rule control is a parameter control rule set in the same device or between different devices.
The cloud end acquires data through real-time monitoring, compares the monitored data with rules set by business management requirements, judges and acquires alarm information, and issues service release through the object model;
and storing the real-time acquired device data by adopting a TD-Engine time sequence database, storing configuration rule and the like by adopting a MySQL database, and simultaneously providing a Redis cache database and a FastDFS distributed file management system.
The issuing service is issued through an MQTT message server, each scheduling mode of the equipment is set by the cloud, and when the modes are switched, a channel in the control cabinet is started in a time-staggered mode; the scheduling mode is as follows:
1) an automatic control mode; 2) an emergency mode; 3) scheduling a scheduling mode; 4) a hierarchical control mode;
step five, the object model calls corresponding tables respectively for each issued service, and the tables are converted into ID information to be sent to an edge terminal;
the communication process scans and acquires the SN mode of the equipment or dynamically distributes and calculates the key through broadcasting the SN, and the key is changed once in 10 minutes. The mapping table by device is as follows:
the permission of topic of the object model is obtained by gateway adaptation, a topic rule is generated when the model is associated with a controller, the scale mode is as above, wildcard can also be adopted, and topic permitted by each model is self-defined. The gateway loads an identification code and an alias of a designated instance of the object model, stores the identification code and the alias in the object model, and performs two-way communication with the edge terminal equipment by adopting a transparent transmission mode or a transparent transmission mode plus a self-defined broadcast packet through a universal serial port of a module;
step six, the edge end correspondingly issues a control instruction to carry out intelligent control and fault detection on each device;
failure of a switch: the circuit breaker switch state, the state of the contactor and whether the output control is matched, the alarm of over-high power, the alarm of under-low power and the communication alarm;
electric meter fault detection: over-high and over-low voltage alarm, over-high and over-low frequency alarm, ammeter communication alarm
And (4) other alarms: lightning protection alarm, cabinet door switch alarm, rain and snow signal alarm, general IO board alarm, and scheduling configuration parameter inspection.
The invention provides an end cloud solution scheme that the edge is accessed and collected, the time sequence is stored, the object model is used, and the data rule is counted, so that the field equipment, the sensor and the instrument are accessed to the intelligent application service end to end, and the end is connected to the cloud.
Claims (5)
1. An application method of an object model in an industrial Internet of things is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
firstly, collecting edge end data and transmitting the data to an IOT message server;
the upper computer is connected with the cloud end, the configuration of equipment parameters is carried out on the cloud end through an object model, and a sensor of the entity equipment acquires data in real time, preprocesses the data and stores the data in a database;
the object model comprises 5 data sheets: the device model comprises an equipment model table 1, a model attribute table 2, a model service table 3, a model event table 4 and a model Topic table 5;
the ID and device model name of the device model are stored in the device model table 1; the model attribute can not be modified in the starting state, and the model service and the event can be modified;
storing attribute codes, attribute names, equipment reporting identifiers, calculation modes and extension scripts in the model attribute table 2; when the system is started, all parameters need to be written into a message queue in a time sequence database for subscribing and updating by an analysis program; the time sequence database is used for updating the subsequent description of the message queue format, updating the model and updating the binding relationship;
the model service table 3 stores the format of the command and the response sent to the device; recording the issuing condition of each instruction in a RemoteServiceCall table;
the model event table 4 stores the name of the model event, the number of parameters and the description of the parameters; the parameter description adopts parameter identification, parameter name and parameter type in Json format, and similarly, the event condition of the equipment is recorded in an EquismentEvent table;
the model Topic table 5 stores the publish/subscribe mode provided by each service; such as attribute reporting, attribute setting, service calling, service replying and event reporting equipment;
then, the cloud end acquires data through real-time monitoring, compares the monitored data with an alarm threshold set by business management requirements, judges and acquires alarm information, and issues a service release through a physical model; the object model calls corresponding tables respectively for each issued service, and the tables are converted into ID information and sent to the edge end;
and finally, the edge terminal correspondingly issues a control instruction to carry out intelligent control and fault detection on each device.
2. The method for applying the object model to the internet of things of industry as claimed in claim 1, wherein the edge-side data acquisition device is connected with the IOT message server through SSL/TLS to realize encrypted transmission of messages;
the data flow is carried out by adopting a Topic flag bit, a message body carries published subscribed topics, a data analysis service subscribes corresponding Topic to obtain message contents reported by equipment, corresponding configuration information and identification codes are read from a relational database, and one identification code corresponds to a specific piece of equipment below a gateway.
3. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein for a plurality of real devices in the same gateway, the Topic flag bits are the same, each device corresponds to an identification code, and one identification code corresponds to one object model, that is, the real devices are associated with the object models one by one.
4. The method for applying the object model to the industrial internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the preprocessing refers to rule setting of a rule engine to realize operation and statistics of the rule;
the rule operation obtains the complex parameter attribute required to be used through the complex operation of the original parameter attribute of the equipment model data, and supports the configurable script;
the rule statistics is to perform statistical rule operation on the original parameters, including four arithmetic operations, aggregation, variance, square root and integral, and to present statistical data of corresponding parameters on a page through a visual configuration function;
rule control is a parameter control rule set in the same device or between different devices.
5. The method for applying the object model to the industrial internet of things according to claim 1, wherein the gateway loads an instance identification code and an alias of the object model, stores the instance identification code and the alias in the object model, and performs bidirectional communication with edge-end equipment through a universal serial port of a module by adopting a transparent transmission mode or a transparent transmission mode plus a custom broadcast packet.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN116414075A (en) * | 2023-06-12 | 2023-07-11 | 杭州应敏科技有限公司 | Laboratory equipment control method and system based on Internet of things |
| CN116743597A (en) * | 2023-07-06 | 2023-09-12 | 南通大学 | Method for constructing scene model of Internet of things by low codes |
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