CN115001572B - Optical fiber state detection method, optical transceiving component and network element equipment - Google Patents

Optical fiber state detection method, optical transceiving component and network element equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115001572B
CN115001572B CN202210927825.2A CN202210927825A CN115001572B CN 115001572 B CN115001572 B CN 115001572B CN 202210927825 A CN202210927825 A CN 202210927825A CN 115001572 B CN115001572 B CN 115001572B
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optical
mode
otdr
fiber
osc
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CN115001572A (en
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闫宝罗
周金龙
贾殷秋
吴琼
施鹄
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Priority to PCT/CN2023/094345 priority patent/WO2024027275A1/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
    • H04B10/071—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using a reflected signal, e.g. using optical time domain reflectometers [OTDR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
    • H04J14/04—Mode multiplex systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q11/00—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems
    • H04Q11/0001—Selecting arrangements for multiplex systems using optical switching
    • H04Q11/0062—Network aspects
    • H04Q2011/0079—Operation or maintenance aspects
    • H04Q2011/0083—Testing; Monitoring

Abstract

The application discloses an optical fiber state detection method, an optical transceiving component and network element equipment, wherein the method is applied to a first optical transceiving component in an optical fiber communication system, the optical fiber communication system also comprises a second optical transceiving component, and the first optical transceiving component and the second optical transceiving component are connected through a mode division multiplexing optical fiber; the method comprises the following steps: combining and inputting the OTDR optical carrier in the first optical fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier in the second optical fiber mode into a mode division multiplexing optical fiber so that the second optical transceiver component receives the OSC optical carrier and obtains OSC service data according to the OSC optical carrier; receiving OTDR backward scattering light of the OTDR optical carrier and obtaining OTDR service data according to the OTDR backward scattering light; wherein the first fiber mode is orthogonal to the second fiber mode; according to the method, the OSC function and the OTDR function are integrated, and the OTDR online monitoring function can be supported under the condition that OSC service is not interrupted.

Description

Optical fiber state detection method, optical transceiver module and network element equipment
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of optical communications technologies, and in particular, to an optical fiber state detection method, an optical transceiver module, and a network element device.
Background
At present, an OSC (Optical Supervisory Channel) and an OTDR (Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer) may be integrated on the same board/the same Optical module, but after the OSC and the OTDR are integrated, it is difficult to perform two services simultaneously in the same Optical fiber due to crosstalk between the services.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide an optical fiber status detection method, an optical transceiver module and a network element device, which can integrate an OSC function and an OTDR function, and support an OTDR online monitoring function without interrupting OSC service.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical fiber state detection method, which is applied to a first optical transceiver module in an optical fiber communication system, where the optical fiber communication system further includes a second optical transceiver module, and the first optical transceiver module and the second optical transceiver module are connected by a mode division multiplexing optical fiber; the method comprises the following steps: combining and inputting an OTDR optical carrier in a first optical fiber mode and an OSC optical carrier in a second optical fiber mode to the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, so that the second optical transceiver component receives the OSC optical carrier and obtains OSC service data according to the OSC optical carrier; receiving OTDR backward scattering light of the OTDR optical carrier and obtaining OTDR service data according to the OTDR backward scattering light; wherein the first fiber mode is orthogonal to the second fiber mode.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical transceiver component, including a first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, a second mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, a first optical electrical signal processing unit, and a second optical electrical signal processing unit, where the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer is configured to convert an OTDR optical carrier and an OSC optical carrier from a fiber base mode to a first fiber mode and a second fiber mode, respectively, where the first fiber mode is orthogonal to the second fiber mode, and the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer is connected to a mode division multiplexing optical fiber, and is capable of merging the OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode and inputting the merged OTDR optical carrier and the OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode to the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, and the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer is further configured to separate OTDR backscattered light of the OTDR optical carrier from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber and convert the OTDR backscattered light into a fiber base mode; the second mode multiplexing demultiplexer is connected to the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, and is configured to separate the OSC optical carrier from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber and convert the OSC optical carrier into a fiber fundamental mode; the first optical signal processing unit is connected to the first mode multiplexing demultiplexer and is configured to process OTDR backscattered light of the fiber fundamental mode to obtain OTDR service data; the second optical-electrical signal processing unit is connected to the second mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device, and configured to process an OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber fundamental mode to obtain OSC service data.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an optical transceiver module, including a mode multiplexing demultiplexer, a first wavelength division multiplexer, a second wavelength division multiplexer, a first optical electrical signal processing unit, and a second optical electrical signal processing unit, where the mode multiplexing demultiplexer is configured to convert an OTDR optical carrier and an OSC optical carrier of a first wavelength from a fiber-based mode to a first fiber mode and a second fiber mode, respectively, where the first fiber mode is orthogonal to the second fiber mode, and the first mode multiplexing demultiplexer is connected to a mode division multiplexing optical fiber, and is capable of merging and inputting the OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode into the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, and an inverse OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode and an inverse OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode of a second wavelength transmitted by opposite ends are further transmitted in the mode division multiplexing optical fiber; the mode demultiplexer is further configured to separate the OTDR backscattered light and the inverse OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber and convert the OTDR backscattered light and the inverse OTDR optical carrier into a fiber based mode, and the mode demultiplexer is capable of separating the OSC backscattered light and the inverse OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber and convert the OSC backscattered light and the inverse OSC optical carrier into a fiber based mode; the first wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the mode multiplexing demultiplexer and is used for separating the OTDR backscattered light of the optical fiber fundamental mode and the inverse OTDR optical carrier; the second wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the mode multiplexing demultiplexer and is used for separating OSC backscattering light and reverse OSC optical carriers of the optical fiber base mode; the first photoelectric signal processing unit is connected with the first wavelength division multiplexer and is used for processing OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer) backward scattering light of the optical fiber fundamental mode to obtain OTDR service data; and the second photoelectric signal processing unit is connected with the second wavelength division multiplexer and is used for processing the reverse OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber fundamental mode to obtain OSC service data.
In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a network element device, including the optical transceiver module provided in the second aspect of the present application or the optical transceiver module provided in the third aspect of the present application.
The embodiment provided by the application comprises the following steps: according to the scheme provided by the application, in an optical fiber communication system, two network elements which are communicated by a mode division multiplexing optical fiber are respectively provided with a first optical transceiving component and a second optical transceiving component, the first optical transceiving component can combine an OTDR optical carrier wave of a first optical fiber mode and an OSC optical carrier wave of a second optical fiber mode and input the combined optical carrier waves into the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, receives OTDR backscattered light of the OTDR optical carrier wave and obtains OTDR service data according to the OTDR backscattered light; and the first optical transceiver component is capable of receiving an OSC optical carrier of a second optical fiber mode from the second optical transceiver component and obtaining OSC service data according to the OSC optical carrier, wherein the first optical fiber mode and the second optical fiber mode are orthogonal. The integration of the OTDR service and the OSC service can improve the integration of an OTN (Optical Transport Network) device, save space, and allocate two mutually orthogonal fiber modes to an OTDR Optical carrier and an OSC Optical carrier, and can use the orthogonality of the fiber modes to enable the two services not to interfere with each other, thereby implementing the simultaneous OTDR service and OSC service in the same fiber.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic signal transmission diagram of an optical fiber communication system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a method for detecting a status of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a portion of the steps of a method for detecting the condition of an optical fiber according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart illustrating a portion of the steps of a method for detecting the condition of an optical fiber according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a refinement step of step S200 in FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method for detecting a status of an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment of the present application;
fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating an application of a method for detecting an optical fiber according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating an application of another optical fiber detection method provided in the embodiments of the present application;
fig. 17 is a schematic application diagram of an optical fiber detection method according to another embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present application, preferred embodiments of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, which are for the purpose of visually supplementing the description with figures and detailed description, so as to enable a person skilled in the art to visually and visually understand each and every feature and technical solution of the present application, but not to limit the scope of the present application.
In the description of the present application, the meaning of a plurality is one or more, the meaning of a plurality is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the present number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the present number. If there is a description of first and second for the purpose of distinguishing technical features only, this is not to be understood as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of technical features indicated.
In the description of the present application, unless otherwise expressly limited, terms such as set, mounted, connected and the like should be construed broadly, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meaning of the terms in the present application by combining the detailed contents of the technical solutions.
In the prior art, the OSC is used to monitor and manage a network element state, including services such as protection switching, monitoring, and information overhead; the OTDR is used to monitor optical fiber lines, and its principle is to inject optical pulses or optical sequence signals into the optical fiber, and obtain optical fiber line information by using backward rayleigh scattering and fresnel reflection signals in the optical fiber, so that the sending end and the receiving end of the OTDR detection signal are on the same side. Based on the great similarity between OSC and OTDR in networking configuration, many equipment vendors are working on integrating both functions on the same board/optical module, thereby improving the integration level of equipment, reducing the power consumption of equipment, and reducing the compression cost. However, after two services are integrated, it is difficult to simultaneously perform the two services in the same optical fiber due to crosstalk between the services. In addition, in the current optical communication technology, many parameters of the optical wave, such as time, frequency, amplitude, phase, polarization and other parameters, have been brought to the near limit, and it is difficult to improve the optical fiber communication capacity on the basis of these parameters.
Accordingly, the embodiments of the present application provide an optical fiber status detection method, an optical transceiver module, and a network element device, which can integrate an OSC function and an OTDR function, and support an OTDR online monitoring function without interrupting an OSC service.
The embodiments of the present application will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a signal transmission schematic diagram of an optical fiber communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application, fig. 2 is a flowchart of steps of an optical fiber status detection method provided in an embodiment of the present application, and an embodiment of the present application provides an optical fiber status detection method, where the method is applied to a first optical transceiver module in an optical fiber communication system, in the optical fiber communication system, two adjacent network elements connected by a mode division multiplexing optical fiber are respectively configured with the first optical transceiver module and a second optical transceiver module, and a first fiber mode of the mode division multiplexing optical fiber is orthogonal to a second fiber mode, and the method may include steps S100 and S200.
Step S100, combining the OTDR optical carrier in the first fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier in the second fiber mode and inputting the combined optical carriers to a mode division multiplexing fiber, so that the second optical transceiver component receives the OSC optical carrier and obtains OSC service data according to the OSC optical carrier;
step S200, receiving OTDR backward scattering light of the OTDR optical carrier and obtaining OTDR service data according to the OTDR backward scattering light.
In an exemplary embodiment, two adjacent network elements in an optical fiber communication system are respectively configured with a first optical transceiver component and a second optical transceiver component, and the first optical transceiver component and the second optical transceiver component are connected by a mode division multiplexing optical fiber, and the first optical transceiver component may combine and input an OTDR optical carrier in a first optical fiber mode and an OSC optical carrier in a second optical fiber mode into the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, so that the second optical transceiver component receives the OSC optical carrier in the second optical fiber mode and obtains OSC service data according to the OSC optical carrier, thereby monitoring and managing a status of the network element; the first optical transceiving component can receive OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer) backward scattering light of the OTDR optical carrier and obtain OTDR service data according to the OTDR backward scattering light, so that an optical fiber line is monitored; because the first optical fiber mode and the second optical fiber mode are orthogonal, and no signal crosstalk exists between the orthogonal optical fiber modes, the OTDR optical carrier wave of the first optical fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier wave of the second optical fiber mode are not interfered with each other, so that OSC service and OTDR service can be simultaneously carried out in the same optical fiber. Under the condition that OTN service is interrupted, the broken fiber position can be quickly positioned through OTDR; under the condition that OTN service is transmitted in the optical cable, the optical cable can be periodically monitored through OTDR, so that the aging of the optical cable can be timely warned, and the failure rate and the operation and maintenance cost are greatly reduced.
In some embodiments of the present application, the first fiber mode and the second fiber mode are not particularly limited, as long as the first fiber mode and the second fiber mode are two mutually orthogonal fiber modes supported by the mode division multiplexing fiber, and are within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.
The present embodiment does not specifically limit the type of the OTDR signal, and may use a sequence OTDR or a pulse OTDR, as long as the OTDR service can be performed, which is within the protection range of the present embodiment.
In a feasible embodiment, the OTDR signal may be a sequential OTDR, such as an M sequence, a gray code sequence, and so on, and even if an encoded optical pulse is used as a detection pulse of the OTDR, the characteristics that OTDR service and OSC service are not affected by each other are fully utilized, and the noise suppression performance can be improved by coding gain, improving operation complexity, and increasing computation time, so that the monitoring of the optical cable in a large dynamic range can be realized under the condition that optical power is limited.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a flowchart of a partial step of a method for detecting a fiber status according to another embodiment of the present application, where the method for detecting a fiber status according to another embodiment of the present application may further include step S101 and step S102 before combining and inputting an OTDR optical carrier of a first fiber mode and an OSC optical carrier of a second fiber mode into a mode division multiplexing fiber.
Step S101, receiving an OTDR baseband signal and an OSC baseband signal from an equipment end, and respectively modulating the OTDR baseband signal and the OSC baseband signal into an OTDR optical carrier and an OSC optical carrier of an optical fiber base mode;
step S102 is to convert the OTDR optical carrier from the fiber fundamental mode to the first fiber mode, and convert the OSC optical carrier from the fiber fundamental mode to the second fiber mode.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first optical transceiver component receives an OTDR baseband signal and an OSC baseband signal from the device side, and modulates the OTDR baseband signal and the OSC baseband signal into an OTDR optical carrier and an OSC optical carrier of a fiber fundamental mode, respectively; the method comprises the steps of converting an OTDR optical carrier from a fiber base mode to a first fiber mode, converting an OSC optical carrier from the fiber base mode to a second fiber mode, wherein the first fiber mode is orthogonal to the second fiber mode, no signal crosstalk exists between the orthogonal fiber modes, the OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode and the optical carrier of the second fiber mode can be simultaneously transmitted in a mode division multiplexing fiber without mutual interference, the OSC function and the OTDR function can be integrated, and the OTDR online monitoring function is supported under the condition that OSC service is not interrupted.
In a possible embodiment, the device side may refer to a board, or any other electronic device capable of sending OTDR baseband signals and OSC baseband signals.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flowchart of a part of steps of a method for detecting a status of an optical fiber according to another embodiment of the present application, where the method may further include step S300, step S400, and step S500.
Step S300, separating an OSC optical carrier of the second optical fiber mode from the second optical transceiver module from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber;
step S400, converting the OSC optical carrier from the second optical fiber mode to a fiber fundamental mode;
step S500, processing the OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber fundamental mode to obtain OSC service data.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first optical transceiver component and the second optical transceiver component are equivalent, the second optical transceiver component may also merge the OTDR optical carrier in the first optical fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier in the second optical fiber mode into the optical fiber for mode division multiplexing, and the first optical transceiver component may receive the OSC optical carrier in the second optical fiber mode from the second optical transceiver component, and obtain OSC service data according to the OSC optical carrier, so as to implement monitoring and management of a network element status.
As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the first optical transceiver component combines and inputs the OTDR optical carrier in the first fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier in the second fiber mode into the mode division multiplexing fiber, so that the second optical transceiver component receives the OSC optical carrier and obtains OSC traffic data according to the OSC optical carrier, that is, the second optical transceiver component can separate the OSC optical carrier in the second fiber mode from the first optical transceiver component from the mode division multiplexing fiber, convert the OSC optical carrier from the second fiber mode to the fiber base mode, and process the OSC optical carrier in the fiber base mode to obtain the OSC traffic data, so as to implement the function of the optical monitoring channel.
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flowchart of a detailed step of step S200 in fig. 1, and another embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting a fiber state, and step S200 may include step S210, step S220, and step S230.
Step S210, separating OTDR backscattered light of the OTDR optical carrier from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber;
step S220, converting the OTDR backscattered light from the first optical fiber mode into an optical fiber fundamental mode;
step S230, processing the OTDR back-scattered light of the fiber fundamental mode to obtain OTDR service data.
In an exemplary embodiment, the first optical transceiver component combines and inputs the OTDR optical carrier in the first fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier in the second fiber mode to the mode division multiplexing fiber, so that the second optical transceiver component receives the OSC optical carrier and obtains OSC service data according to the OSC optical carrier; the first optical transceiving component can separate OTDR backward scattering light of an OTDR optical carrier from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, convert the OTDR backward scattering light into an optical fiber base mode from a first optical fiber mode, process the OTDR backward scattering light of the optical fiber base mode, obtain OTDR service data and achieve the function of an optical time domain reflectometer.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method for detecting an optical fiber status according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and another embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for detecting an optical fiber status, where a first optical transceiver component receives an OTDR baseband signal and an OSC baseband signal from an equipment end, modulates the OTDR baseband signal into an OTDR optical carrier of an optical fiber fundamental mode, and modulates the OSC baseband signal into an OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber fundamental mode; converting an OTDR optical carrier from a fiber base mode into a first fiber mode, converting an OSC optical carrier from the fiber base mode into a second fiber mode, merging the OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode and inputting the merged OSC optical carrier of the first fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode into a mode division multiplexing fiber, so that a second optical transceiver component separates the OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode from a first optical transceiver component from the mode division multiplexing fiber, and converts the OSC optical carrier from the second fiber mode into the fiber base mode by the second optical transceiver component to process the OSC optical carrier of the fiber base mode to obtain OSC service data so as to realize the function of an optical monitoring channel; the first optical transceiving component can separate OTDR backward scattering light of an OTDR optical carrier from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, convert the OTDR backward scattering light into an optical fiber base mode from a first optical fiber mode, process the OTDR backward scattering light of the optical fiber base mode, obtain OTDR service data and achieve the function of an optical time domain reflectometer. The first optical fiber mode and the second optical fiber mode are mutually orthogonal, no signal crosstalk exists between the modes, so that an OTDR optical carrier and an OSC optical carrier can be simultaneously transmitted in the same optical fiber, the OSC function and the OTDR function are integrated, and the OTDR online monitoring function is supported under the condition that OSC service is not interrupted.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In an exemplary embodiment, the optical transceiver component may include a first mode demultiplexer, a second mode demultiplexer, a first optical signal processing unit, and a second optical signal processing unit, wherein the first mode demultiplexer is configured to convert an OTDR optical carrier and an OSC optical carrier from a fiber base mode into a first fiber mode and a second fiber mode, respectively, the first fiber mode is orthogonal to the second fiber mode, and the first mode demultiplexer is connected to a mode division multiplexing optical fiber and is capable of inputting the OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode into the mode division multiplexing optical fiber. The optical carrier has a scattering phenomenon in the process of optical fiber transmission, and the optical time domain reflectometer can acquire optical fiber circuit information by utilizing backward Rayleigh scattering and Fresnel reflection signals in the optical fiber. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer is a bidirectional device, and if the input terminal is a multi-input port and the output terminal is a single-output port, it is defined as a forward direction, and the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer serves as a mode multiplexer when used in the forward direction; if the input end is a single input port and the output end is a multi-output port, the first mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device is defined as an inverse mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device, and the first mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device is used as a mode demultiplexing device when being used in an inverse mode. The first mode demultiplexer may also be configured to separate OTDR backscattered light from the OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode from the mode division multiplexing fiber and convert the OTDR backscattered light from the first fiber mode into a fundamental fiber mode as the mode demultiplexer. The configuration of the opposite end may be the same as that of the local optical transceiver module, the opposite end may send an OSC optical carrier of the second optical fiber mode to the optical transceiver module, the second mode multiplexing demultiplexer is a bidirectional device and is connected to the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, and when the second mode multiplexing demultiplexer is used in the reverse direction, the OSC optical carrier of the second optical fiber mode from the opposite end may be separated from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber and converted from the second optical fiber mode to the optical fiber fundamental mode; the first photoelectric signal processing unit is connected with the first mode multiplexing demultiplexer and is used for processing OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer) backward scattering light of the optical fiber basic mode to obtain OTDR service data so as to realize an OTDR function; the second optical-electrical signal processing unit is connected to the second mode demultiplexer, and is configured to process an OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber fundamental mode to obtain OSC service data, so as to implement an OSC function. The optical transceiver component integrates the OTDR function and the OSC function, and can support the OTDR online monitoring function under the condition of not interrupting OSC service. Under the condition that OTN service is transmitted in the optical cable, the optical cable can be periodically monitored through the OTDR, so that the aging of the optical cable can be timely early warned, and the failure rate and the operation and maintenance cost are greatly reduced.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that when the first mode multiplexing demultiplexer is operating in the forward direction, i.e. functioning as a mode multiplexer, the number of modes supported by the first mode multiplexing demultiplexer, N, should be included within the number of modes supported by the mode multiplexing optical fiber, M, and the mode field distributions of all the modes output by the first mode multiplexing demultiplexer should match the mode field distributions of the corresponding modes supported by the mode multiplexing optical fiber. When the first mode multiplexing-demultiplexing device works reversely, namely, when the first mode multiplexing-demultiplexing device works as a mode demultiplexing device, the purity of a certain mode supported by the first mode multiplexing-demultiplexing device in a 1480-1520nm wave band and an OTN service wave band is more than 30dB.
It will also be understood by those skilled in the art that the first mode demultiplexer or the second mode demultiplexer may be composed of a mode converter and a mode selection coupler, and in some embodiments of the present application, the first mode demultiplexer may be a photonic lantern, a mode selection coupler, a spatial light mode division multiplexer, or the like, and the second mode multiplexer may also be a photonic lantern, a mode selection coupler, a spatial light mode division multiplexer, or the like.
In this embodiment, the first mode demultiplexer and the second mode demultiplexer are introduced, and the OTDR function and the OSC function are integrated under the condition that the deployment range of the existing device is small, so that the cost and the space can be saved, and the power consumption of the device is small.
As shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment of the present application. In an exemplary embodiment, the optical transceiver module further includes a modulation information optical loading unit and an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, where the modulation information optical loading unit is configured to receive an OTDR baseband signal and an OSC baseband signal from the device side and load the OTDR baseband signal and the OSC baseband signal onto an optical carrier of the optical fiber fundamental mode, respectively, to obtain an OTDR optical carrier and an OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber fundamental mode; the modulation information optical loading unit is connected with the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer through the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer to send an OTDR optical carrier to the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, and the first photoelectric signal processing unit is connected with the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer through the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer to receive OTDR backscattered light of a fiber fundamental mode from the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer; the modulation information optical loading unit is also connected to the first mode demultiplexer to directly send the OSC optical carrier to the first mode demultiplexer.
In a feasible embodiment, the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer may be an optical circulator, an optical coupler, a light splitter, or the like, and the embodiment does not specifically limit the type of the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer as long as the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer can be used for performing isolated switching on an OTDR optical carrier, so that the modulation information optical loading unit can send the OTDR optical carrier of the fiber fundamental mode to the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, and the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer can send OTDR backscattered light of the fiber fundamental mode to the first signal processing unit.
As shown in fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment of the present application. In an exemplary embodiment, the first optical-to-electrical signal processing unit includes a first optical-to-electrical converter and a first signal processing unit, the first optical-to-electrical converter is connected to the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer through the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, and is capable of receiving OTDR backscattered light of a fiber fundamental mode from the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer and converting the OTDR backscattered light into an OTDR electrical signal, the first signal processing unit is connected to the first optical-to-electrical converter, and is capable of receiving the OTDR electrical signal from the first optical-to-electrical converter and processing the OTDR electrical signal to obtain OTDR traffic data; the second optical-electrical signal processing unit comprises a second optical-electrical converter and a second signal processing unit, the second optical-electrical converter is connected with the second mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device and can receive the OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber fundamental mode from the second mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device and convert the OSC optical carrier into an OSC electrical signal, and the second signal processing unit is connected with the second optical-electrical converter and can receive the OSC electrical signal from the second optical-electrical converter and process the OSC electrical signal to obtain OSC service data.
As shown in fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment of the present application. In an exemplary embodiment, the modulated information optical loading unit includes a laser, an optical coupler, a first driver, a first modulator, a second driver, and a second modulator, where the first driver is connected to the first modulator and configured to receive an OTDR baseband signal and adjust a voltage of the OTDR baseband signal to match a driving voltage of the first modulator, the second driver is connected to the second modulator and configured to receive an OSC baseband signal and adjust a voltage of the OSC baseband signal to match a driving voltage of the second modulator, the laser is configured to output continuous light, the optical coupler is connected to the laser, the first modulator, and the second modulator respectively and configured to divide the continuous light into a first path of light and a second path of light and transmit the first path of light and the second path of light to the first modulator and the second modulator respectively, the first modulator is connected to the first mode multiplexer through the optical multiplexer and configured to load the OTDR baseband signal to the first path of light to obtain an OTDR optical carrier in an optical fiber base mode and transmit the first path of light to the second modulator, and the second driver is connected to the second modulator and the OSC baseband signal multiplexer and the second multiplexer and configured to obtain an OTDR optical carrier. In this embodiment, the OTDR function and the OSC function are integrated, only one laser is used, so that the cost and the power consumption can be reduced, and since the size and the number of devices are Small, the optical transceiver Module can be packaged into an SFP Module (Small Form plug Module, hot plug Small package Module) Form, so that the integration level of the OTN device is improved, and the space is saved. And the OTDR service has no influence on OSC service, supports OTDR full-range output, and can realize OTDR large dynamic range perception under the optical power of SFP module level.
Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment of the present application. In an exemplary embodiment, the optical transceiver component may be applied in a single-fiber bidirectional scenario, and may include a mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, a first wavelength division multiplexer, a second wavelength division multiplexer, a first optical electrical signal processing unit, and a second optical electrical signal processing unit, where the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer is used in a forward direction, and as the mode multiplexer, the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer may be configured to convert the OTDR optical carrier and the OSC optical carrier of the first wavelength from a fiber base mode to a first fiber mode and a second fiber mode, respectively, where the first fiber mode is orthogonal to the second fiber mode, and the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer is connected to a mode division multiplexing optical fiber, and is capable of merging and inputting the OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode into the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, and the mode division multiplexing optical fiber further transmits an inverse OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode and an inverse OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode, which are transmitted from opposite ends; the mode demultiplexer may also be used in reverse, and is configured to separate an OTDR backscattered light and an inverse OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber and convert the OTDR backscattered light and the inverse OTDR optical carrier into a fiber base mode, and the mode demultiplexer may separate an OSC backscattered light and an inverse OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber and convert the OSC backscattered light and the inverse OSC optical carrier into the fiber base mode; in the mode division multiplexing optical fiber of this embodiment, the OTDR backscattered light and the OSC backscattered light are optical signals of a first wavelength, and the reverse OTDR optical carrier and the reverse OSC optical carrier are optical signals of a second wavelength. The first wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the mode multiplexing demultiplexer and is used for separating the OTDR backscattered light of the optical fiber fundamental mode and the inverse OTDR optical carrier; the second wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the mode multiplexing demultiplexer and is used for separating OSC back scattering light of the optical fiber base mode and reverse OSC optical carrier; the first photoelectric signal processing unit is connected with the first wavelength division multiplexer and used for processing OTDR back scattering light of an optical fiber fundamental mode to obtain OTDR service data; the second photoelectric signal processing unit is connected with the second wavelength division multiplexer and used for processing the reverse OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber fundamental mode to obtain OSC service data. On the basis of the existing equipment, a mode division multiplexing demultiplexer, a first wavelength division multiplexer and a second wavelength division multiplexer are introduced, an OTDR function and an OSC function are integrated under a single-fiber bidirectional scene, and the OTDR online monitoring function can be supported under the condition of not interrupting OSC service by utilizing the orthogonality of an optical fiber mode.
In some embodiments of the present application, the first wavelength and the second wavelength are not specifically limited, and it is within the scope of the embodiments of the present application as long as the first wavelength is different from the second wavelength, so that the optical signal of the first wavelength and the optical signal of the second wavelength can be separated by the wavelength division multiplexer.
As shown in fig. 12, fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver component according to another embodiment of the present application. In an exemplary embodiment, the optical transceiver module further includes a modulation information optical loading unit, a first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, and a second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, where the modulation information optical loading unit is configured to receive the OTDR baseband signal and the OSC baseband signal from the device side and load the OTDR baseband signal and the OSC baseband signal onto the optical carrier of the first wavelength respectively to obtain an OTDR optical carrier and an OSC optical carrier of the fiber fundamental mode of the first wavelength; the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer is used for carrying out isolation switching on an OTDR optical signal, the modulation information light loading unit is connected with the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer through the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer so as to send an OTDR optical carrier of an optical fiber basic mode to the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, and the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer is connected with the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer through the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer so as to receive an OTDR backscattered light and an inverse OTDR optical carrier of the optical fiber basic mode; the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer is used for performing isolated switching on the OSC optical signal, the modulation information optical loading unit is connected with the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer through the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer so as to send the OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber basic mode to the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, and the second wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer through the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer so as to receive the OSC back-scattered light and the reverse OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber basic mode.
As will be understood by those skilled in the art, the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer is configured to perform isolation switching on an OTDR optical signal, so that the modulated information optical loading unit can send an OTDR optical carrier of a fiber fundamental mode to the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, and the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer can send an OTDR backscattered light of a first wavelength and an inverse OTDR optical carrier of a second wavelength to the first wavelength division multiplexer; the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer is configured to perform isolation switching on the OSC optical signal, so that the modulated information optical loading unit can send the OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber fundamental mode to the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, and the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer can send the OSC backscatter light of the first wavelength and the reverse OSC optical carrier of the second wavelength to the first wavelength multiplexer.
In a possible embodiment, the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer may be an optical circulator, an optical coupler, or a light splitter, etc.; the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer may also be an optical circulator, an optical coupler, a light splitter, or the like, and the embodiment does not specifically limit the types of the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer and the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer as long as the isolated switching of the optical signals can be realized.
As shown in fig. 13, fig. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment of the present application. In an exemplary embodiment, the modulated information optical loading unit includes a laser, an optical coupler, a first driver, a first modulator, a second driver, and a second modulator, the first driver is connected to the first modulator and configured to receive an OTDR baseband signal and adjust a voltage of the OTDR baseband signal to match a driving voltage of the first modulator, the second driver is connected to the second modulator and configured to receive an OSC baseband signal and adjust a voltage of the OSC baseband signal to match a driving voltage of the second modulator, the laser is configured to output continuous light, the optical coupler is connected to the laser, the first modulator, and the second modulator respectively and configured to divide the continuous light into first and second paths of light and transmit the first and second paths of light to the first and second modulators respectively, the first modulator is connected to the mode demultiplexer through the first optical multiplexer and configured to load the OTDR baseband signal to the first path of light to obtain an OTDR optical carrier in an optical fiber base mode and transmit the OTDR optical carrier to the second modulator, the first modulator is connected to the second optical demultiplexer and configured to obtain an OTDR optical carrier connected to the second optical demultiplexer, and the OSC baseband signal is connected to the second optical demultiplexer and configured to obtain an OSC baseband signal. The modulation information optical loading unit only uses one laser, namely, the OTDR signal and the OSC signal share one laser, so that the cost and the power consumption can be reduced, and because the size and the number of devices are small, the optical transceiver module can be packaged into an SFP module form, the integration level of OTN equipment is improved, and the space is saved. And the OTDR service has no influence on OSC service, supports OTDR full-range output, and can realize OTDR large dynamic range perception under the optical power of SFP module level.
Referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical transceiver module according to another embodiment of the present application. In an exemplary embodiment, the first optical-to-electrical signal processing unit includes a first optical-to-electrical converter and a first signal processing unit, the first optical-to-electrical converter is connected to the mode multiplexing demultiplexer through the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, and is configured to convert OTDR backscattered light into an OTDR electrical signal, and the first signal processing unit is connected to the first optical-to-electrical converter, and is configured to process the OTDR electrical signal to obtain OTDR service data; the second optical-electrical signal processing unit includes a second optical-electrical converter and a second signal processing unit, the second optical-electrical converter is connected to the mode multiplexing demultiplexer through the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer and is configured to convert the reverse OSC optical carrier into an OSC electrical signal, and the second signal processing unit is connected to the second optical-electrical converter and is configured to process the OSC electrical signal to obtain OSC service data.
Referring to fig. 15, fig. 15 is an application schematic diagram of an optical fiber detection method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the optical transceiver module may include a laser, a first modulator, a second modulator, a first driver, a second driver, an optical coupler, an optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, a first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, a second mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, a first photoelectric converter, a second photoelectric converter, a first signal processing unit, and a second signal processing unit. Wherein the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer can include three port, is No. 1 port, no. 2 port and No. 3 port respectively, and optical signal can get into and export from No. 2 ports from No. 1 port, also can get into and export from No. 3 ports from No. 2 ports, and the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer can carry out the isolated switching to optical signal.
In an exemplary embodiment, the optical transceiver module may integrate OTDR and OSC functions based on a LP (linear polarized) mode, and the fiber-based mode is a LP01 mode. Sending an OSC baseband signal and an OTDR baseband signal to an optical transceiver module by a board, wherein the OSC baseband signal is modulated by an On-OFF Keying (OOK) at a rate of 155 Mbps; the OTDR baseband signal is M sequence type OTDR, the chip width is 6000ns, the chip rate is 0.1667 Mchips/s, and the sequence order is 15 orders. The OTDR baseband signal and the OSC baseband signal are adjusted in signal amplitude by the first driver and the second driver, respectively, to match the driving voltages of the first modulator and the second modulator, respectively. The laser outputs continuous light with the wavelength of 1510nm, the peak power of the signal is 7 dBm, the extinction ratio is 10 dB, the continuous light is divided into two parts through the optical coupler, the first path of light enters the first modulator to load OTDR baseband signals in an optical domain, and the second path of light enters the second modulator to load OSC baseband signals in the optical domain. The OTDR baseband signal is modulated into an OTDR optical carrier by the first modulator, the OTDR optical carrier passes through a No. 1 port of the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, is output from a No. 2 port of the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, and enters the first mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device in an LP01 mode; the OSC baseband signal is modulated by the second modulator into an OSC optical carrier, which enters the first mode demultiplexer directly in the LP01 mode. The first mode demultiplexer may be composed of a mode converter and a mode selection coupler, which operates in a 1480-1520nm band and an OTN service band and supports 7 LP spatial modes, i.e., LP01, LP11a, LP11b, LP21a, LP21b, LP31a, LP31b. The first mode multiplexer-demultiplexer is a bidirectional device, if the input end is a multi-input port and the output end is a single-output port, the first mode multiplexer-demultiplexer is defined as a forward direction, and the forward direction is used as a mode multiplexer; if the input end is a single input port and the output end is a multi-output port, the mode demultiplexer is defined as reverse and is used reversely. When the first mode multiplexing and demultiplexing device works reversely, namely when the first mode multiplexing and demultiplexing device works as a mode demultiplexing device, the mode purity of the supported 7 spatial modes in an operating waveband needs to be more than 30dB. An output end of the first mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device converts an OTDR optical carrier from a fiber base mode to an LP21a mode, converts an OSC optical carrier from the fiber base mode to an LP31a mode, and combines and outputs the OTDR optical carrier of the LP21a and the OSC optical carrier of the LP31a, an output end of the first mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device is connected to a mode multiplexing optical fiber, the mode multiplexing optical fiber can adopt a ring core optical fiber which supports 7 modes of LP01, LP11a, LP11b, LP21a, LP21b, LP31a, and LP31b in an operating band, the ring core optical fiber supports the 7 spatial modes in a 1480-1520nm band and an OTN service band, the two modes of the LP21a and LP31a are orthogonal, and the OTDR optical carrier of the LP21a and the OSC optical carrier of the LP31a can be independently transmitted in the mode multiplexing optical fiber.
For the OSC service, an optical signal from the opposite end is decomposed into an OTDR optical carrier of LP21a and an OSC optical carrier of LP31a by the second mode demultiplexer, and the second mode multiplexer demultiplexer converts both into LP01 mode and outputs them at two ports, respectively. The second mode multiplexer/demultiplexer is in reverse operation, i.e. it is used as a mode demultiplexer, and other characteristics are consistent with those of the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer. The output of the OTDR optical carrier of LP01 is suspended without processing. The OSC optical carrier of LP01 is subjected to photoelectric conversion and electrical analog signal amplification by the second photoelectric converter, the bandwidth of the second photoelectric converter is 150 MHz, the receiving sensitivity is-45 dBm, the gain k = 3000V/mW of the second photoelectric converter, and the second signal processing unit performs filtering, sampling, criterion and other processing on the OSC analog signal output by the second photoelectric converter to recover the OSC service, thereby implementing the OSC function.
For the OTDR service, OTDR backscattered light of LP21a in the optical fiber channel returns to the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, and at this time, the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer is in a reverse working state, that is, it is used as a mode demultiplexer, and the OTDR backscattered light is converted into an LP01 mode by the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, and is output to the port No. 2 of the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, and is output to the first photoelectric converter by the port No. 3 of the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, where the bandwidth of the first photoelectric converter is 30 MHz, the receiving sensitivity is-55 dBm, and the gain k = 27000V/mW of the first photoelectric converter. The first photoelectric converter performs photoelectric conversion and electric analog signal amplification on the OTDR backward scattering light to obtain an OTDR backward Rayleigh scattering analog signal, and the first signal processing unit performs filtering, ADC sampling, sequence OTDR related operation and the like on the OTDR backward Rayleigh scattering analog signal to obtain detailed information of the optical fiber link and realize the OTDR function.
In a possible embodiment, the first mode demultiplexer and the second mode demultiplexer may be photonic lanterns; the optical combiner/splitter may be an optical circulator.
In another exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 16, fig. 16 is an application schematic diagram of another optical fiber detection method provided in the embodiment of the present application, where the optical transceiver module may also integrate an OTDR function and an OSC function based on an OAM (Orbital angular momentum) mode, and the optical fiber base mode is an LP01 mode. Sending an OSC baseband signal and an OTDR baseband signal to an optical transceiver module by the single board, wherein the OSC baseband signal is subjected to OOK modulation at the rate of 155 Mbps; the OTDR baseband signal is M sequence type OTDR, the chip width is 6000ns, the chip rate is 0.1667 Mchips/s, and the sequence order is 15-order. The OTDR baseband signal and the OSC baseband signal are adjusted in signal amplitude by the first driver and the second driver, respectively, to match the driving voltages of the first modulator and the second modulator, respectively. Continuous light with the wavelength of 1510nm is output by the laser, the peak power of the signal is 7 dBm, the extinction ratio is 10 dB, the continuous light is divided into two parts through the optical coupler, the first path of light enters the first modulator to load OTDR baseband signals in an optical domain, and the second path of light enters the second modulator to load OSC baseband signals in the optical domain. The OTDR baseband signal is modulated into an OTDR optical carrier by the first modulator, the OTDR optical carrier passes through a No. 1 port of the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, is output from a No. 2 port of the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, and enters the first mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device in an LP01 mode; the OSC baseband signal is modulated by the second modulator into an OSC optical carrier, which enters the first mode demultiplexer directly in the LP01 mode. The first mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device may be composed of a mode converter and a mode selection coupler, and it works in 1480-1520nm band and OTN service band and supports 7 LP spatial modes, i.e., OAM0, OAM +1, OAM-1, OAM +2, OAM-2, OAM +3, OAM-3, where "±" represents the positive and negative of the topological charge number of the OAM mode. The first mode multiplexer-demultiplexer is a bidirectional device, if the input end is a multi-input port and the output end is a single-output port, the first mode multiplexer-demultiplexer is defined as a forward direction, and the forward direction is used as a mode multiplexer; if the input end is a single input port and the output end is a multi-output port, the mode demultiplexer is defined as the reverse direction, and the mode demultiplexer is used in the reverse direction. When the first mode multiplexer-demultiplexer works reversely, namely when the first mode multiplexer-demultiplexer works as a mode demultiplexer, the mode purity of 7 spatial modes supported by the first mode multiplexer-demultiplexer in an operating waveband needs to be larger than 30dB. An output end of the first mode multiplexing and demultiplexing device converts an OTDR optical carrier from an optical fiber base mode to an OAM +3 mode, converts an OSC optical carrier from the optical fiber base mode to an OAM-3 mode, and combines and outputs the OTDR optical carrier of the OAM +3 and the OSC optical carrier of the OAM-3, an output end of the first mode multiplexing and demultiplexing device is connected with a mode multiplexing optical fiber, the mode multiplexing optical fiber can adopt a ring core optical fiber which supports 7 modes of OAM0, OAM +1, OAM-1, OAM +2, OAM-2, OAM +3 and OAM-3 in a working waveband, the ring core optical fiber supports the 7 space modes in a 1480-1520nm waveband and an OTN service waveband, the OAM +3 and OAM-3 are orthogonal, and the OTDR optical carrier of the OAM +3 and the OSC optical carrier of the OAM-3 can be independently transmitted in the mode multiplexing optical fiber.
For the OSC service, an optical signal from the opposite end is decomposed into an OTDR optical carrier in an OAM +3 mode and an OSC optical carrier in an OAM-3 mode by the second mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, and both are converted into an LP01 mode by the second mode multiplexer/demultiplexer and are output at two ports, respectively. The second mode multiplexer/demultiplexer is in reverse operation, i.e. it is used as a mode demultiplexer, and other characteristics are consistent with those of the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer. After being output, the OTDR optical carrier in the LP01 mode is suspended and is not processed. The OSC optical carrier of LP01 mode is subjected to photoelectric conversion and electrical analog signal amplification by the second photoelectric converter, the bandwidth of the second photoelectric converter is 150 MHz, the receive sensitivity is-45 dBm, the gain k = 3000V/mW of the second photoelectric converter, and the second signal processing unit performs filtering, sampling, criterion and other processing on the OSC analog signal output by the second photoelectric converter to recover the OSC service and implement the OSC function.
For the OTDR service, OTDR backscattered light of OAM +3 in the optical fiber channel returns to the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, at this time, the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer is in a reverse working state, that is, it is used as a mode demultiplexer, the OTDR backscattered light is converted into LP01 mode through the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, and is output to the No. 2 port of the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, and is output to the first photoelectric converter through the No. 3 port of the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, the bandwidth of the first photoelectric converter is 30 MHz, the receiving sensitivity is-55 dBm, and the gain k = 27000V/mW of the first photoelectric converter. The first photoelectric converter performs photoelectric conversion and electric analog signal amplification on the OTDR backscattered light to obtain an OTDR backward Rayleigh scattering analog signal, and the first signal processing unit performs filtering, ADC sampling, sequence OTDR-related operation and the like on the OTDR backward Rayleigh scattering analog signal output by the first photoelectric converter to obtain detailed information of an optical fiber link, so that the OTDR function is realized.
In a possible embodiment, the first mode demultiplexer and the second mode demultiplexer may be photonic lanterns; the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer may be an optical circulator.
Referring to fig. 17, fig. 17 is a schematic application diagram of an optical fiber detection method according to another embodiment of the present application, where the embodiment of the present application provides an optical fiber detection method, where the optical transceiver module may include a laser, a first modulator, a second modulator, a first driver, a second driver, an optical coupler, a first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, a second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, a first wavelength division multiplexer, a second wavelength division multiplexer, a mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, a first optical-to-electrical converter, a second optical-to-electrical converter, a first signal processing unit, and a second signal processing unit. The first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer and the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer may each include three ports, which are a port 1, a port 2, and a port 3, respectively, and for the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer or the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, an optical signal may enter from the port 1 and be output from the port 2, or enter from the port 2 and be output from the port 3.
In an exemplary embodiment, the optical transceiver module may integrate OTDR and OSC functions based on LP mode, and the fiber fundamental mode is LP01 mode. Sending, by the single board, OSC and OTDR baseband signals to the optical transceiver module, where the OSC baseband signals are OOK modulated at a rate of 155 Mbps; the OTDR baseband signal is M sequence type OTDR, the chip width is 6000ns, the chip rate is 0.1667 Mchips/s, and the sequence order is 15 orders. The OSC baseband signal and the OTDR baseband signal are subjected to signal amplitude adjustment through a first driver and a second driver respectively so as to match driving voltages of a first modulator and a second modulator respectively. Laser output wavelength lambda 1 The continuous light is 1510nm, the peak power of the signal is 7 dBm, the extinction ratio is 10 dB, the continuous light is divided into two parts by the optical coupler, and the first path of light enters the first modulator to be loaded in the optical domainAnd OTDR baseband signals, the second path of light enters a second modulator to load OSC baseband signals in an optical domain. The OTDR baseband signal is modulated into an OTDR optical carrier by the first modulator, the OTDR optical carrier passes through a No. 1 port of the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, is output from a No. 2 port of the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, and enters the mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device in an LP01 mode; the OSC baseband signal is modulated into an OSC optical carrier by the second modulator, and the OSC optical carrier enters from port No. 1 of the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer in the LP01 mode and is output from port No. 2 of the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer to the mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device. The mode multiplexing demultiplexer consists of a mode converter and a mode selection coupler, which operates in the 1480-1520nm band and the OTN traffic band and supports 7 LP spatial modes, i.e., LP01, LP11a, LP11b, LP21a, LP21b, LP31a, LP31b. The mode multiplexing demultiplexer is a bidirectional device, if the input end is a multi-input port and the output end is a single-output port, the mode multiplexing demultiplexer is defined as a forward direction, and the forward direction is used as the mode multiplexer; if the input end is a single input port and the output end is a multi-output port, the mode demultiplexer is defined as reverse and is used reversely. When the mode multiplexing demultiplexer works reversely, namely when the mode multiplexing demultiplexer is used as the mode demultiplexer, the mode purity of the supported 7 spatial modes in the working waveband needs to be more than 30dB. An output end of the mode multiplexing demultiplexer converts an OTDR optical carrier from a fiber base mode to an LP21a mode, converts an OSC optical carrier from the fiber base mode to an LP31a mode, and combines and outputs the OTDR optical carrier of the LP21a and the OSC optical carrier of the LP31a, an output end of the mode multiplexing demultiplexer is connected to a mode multiplexing optical fiber, the mode multiplexing optical fiber can adopt a ring core optical fiber which supports 7 modes of LP01, LP11a, LP11b, LP21a, LP21b, LP31a, and LP31b in an operating band, the ring core optical fiber supports the 7 spatial modes in a 1480-1520nm band and an OTN service band, the two modes of the LP21a and the LP31a are orthogonal, and the OTDR optical carrier of the LP21a and the OSC optical carrier of the LP31a can be independently transmitted in the mode multiplexing optical fiber.
The optical transceiver module at the opposite end has the same configuration as the local optical transceiver module except for adopting the wavelength lambda 2 Is an optical carrier wave of 1491 nm. In normal operation, there are 4 types of traffic in the fibre channel, i.e. λ 1 OSC optical signal of (1, λ) 1 Of an OTDR optical signal, lambda 2 OSC optical signal of (1, λ) 2 The OTDR optical signal of (1).
For the OSC service, the mode demultiplexer receives an optical signal from the opposite end, and at this time, the mode demultiplexer is in a reverse operation state, i.e., functions as a mode demultiplexer. Wavelength of λ 1 The forward OSC optical carrier generates OSC backscattering light and the wavelength in the opposite-end signal is lambda 2 The reverse OSC optical carrier is converted into a designated port by the mode multiplexing demultiplexer in an LP31a mode, is converted into an LP01 mode and is output to a No. 2 port of the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, is output from a No. 3 port of the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, is separated by the second wavelength division multiplexer according to wavelength, and has wavelength lambda 1 The OSC backscattered light generated by the forward OSC optical carrier is suspended as noise and is not processed. Wavelength of λ 2 The reverse OSC optical carrier enters a second photoelectric converter, the bandwidth of the second photoelectric converter is 150 MHz, the receive sensitivity is-45 dBm, the gain k = 3000V/mW of the second photoelectric converter, and the second signal processing unit performs filtering, sampling, criterion and other processing on the OSC analog signal output by the second photoelectric converter to recover the OSC service and realize the OSC function.
For OTDR service, the wavelength of the opposite end signal is lambda 2 Having a wavelength of lambda 1 The forward OTDR optical carrier generates OTDR backward scattering light which is converted into a designated port by the mode multiplexing demultiplexer in an LP21a mode, converted into an LP01 mode and output to the No. 2 port of the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, and output from the No. 3 port of the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, and then is separated according to wavelength by the first wavelength division multiplexer, and the wavelength is lambda 2 The reverse OTDR optical carrier is suspended for noise and is not processed. Wavelength of λ 1 The OTDR backscattered light generated by the forward OTDR optical carrier of (a) enters the first photoelectric converter, the bandwidth of which is 30 MHz, the reception sensitivity is-55 dBm, and the gain k = 27000V/mW. The first photoelectric converter has a wavelength of λ 1 The OTDR backward scattering light is subjected to photoelectric conversion and electric analog signal amplification to obtain an OTDR backward Rayleigh scattering analog signal, and the first signal processing unit is used for filtering the OTDR backward Rayleigh scattering analog signal output by the first photoelectric converterADC sampling and operation related to sequence OTDR to obtain detailed information of the optical fiber link, and implementing OTDR function.
In a possible embodiment, the mode multiplexing demultiplexer may be a photonic lantern; the first and second optical multiplexer/demultiplexers may be optical circulators; the first and second wavelength division multiplexers may be fiber optic wavelength division multiplexers.
In some embodiments of the present application, an OTDR optical carrier is transmitted in an optical fiber channel in a first optical fiber mode, an OSC optical carrier is transmitted in an optical fiber channel in a second optical fiber mode, the first optical fiber mode and the second optical fiber mode are not specifically limited, as long as the first optical fiber mode and the second optical fiber mode are orthogonal, and both in a dual-fiber bidirectional scenario and a single-fiber bidirectional scenario, the optical fiber state detection method provided in the embodiments of the present application may be used to simultaneously perform OTDR service and OSC service in the same optical fiber, an optical transceiver module integrates an OTDR function and an OSC function, only one laser is used, so that cost and power consumption can be reduced, the size and the number of devices are small, the optical transceiver module may be packaged in an SFP module form, and the integration of an OTN device is improved, thereby saving space, and the OTDR service has no influence on the OSC service, and can support OTDR full-scale output, and can also realize large dynamic range monitoring of an optical cable under the optical power at an SFP module level.
An embodiment of the present application further provides a network element device, where the network element device includes the optical transceiver module provided in any of the above embodiments, and is capable of integrating an OSC function and an OTDR function, and supporting an OTDR online monitoring function without interrupting an OSC service.

Claims (13)

1. An optical fiber state detection method is applied to a first optical transceiving component in an optical fiber communication system, the optical fiber communication system further comprises a second optical transceiving component, and the first optical transceiving component and the second optical transceiving component are connected through a mode division multiplexing optical fiber; the method comprises the following steps:
combining and inputting an OTDR optical carrier in a first optical fiber mode and an OSC optical carrier in a second optical fiber mode to the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, so that the second optical transceiver component receives the OSC optical carrier and obtains OSC service data according to the OSC optical carrier;
receiving OTDR backward scattering light of the OTDR optical carrier and obtaining OTDR service data according to the OTDR backward scattering light;
wherein the first fiber mode is orthogonal to the second fiber mode.
2. The optical fiber status detection method according to claim 1, wherein before the OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode are combined and input to the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, the method further comprises:
receiving an OTDR baseband signal and an OSC baseband signal from an equipment end, and respectively modulating the OTDR baseband signal and the OSC baseband signal into an OTDR optical carrier and an OSC optical carrier of an optical fiber base mode;
converting the OTDR optical carrier from the fiber-based mode to the first fiber mode and converting the OSC optical carrier from the fiber-based mode to the second fiber mode.
3. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
separating an OSC optical carrier of a second optical fiber mode from the second optical transceiver component from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber;
converting the OSC optical carrier from the second optical fiber mode to an optical fiber fundamental mode;
and processing the OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber fundamental mode to obtain the OSC service data.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the receiving OTDR backscattered light from the OTDR optical carrier and obtaining OTDR traffic data from the OTDR backscattered light comprises:
separating OTDR backscattered light of the OTDR optical carrier from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber;
converting the OTDR backscattered light from the first fiber mode to a fiber fundamental mode;
and processing the OTDR backscattered light of the optical fiber fundamental mode to obtain the OTDR service data.
5. An optical transceiver module, comprising:
a first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, configured to convert an OTDR optical carrier and an OSC optical carrier from a fiber-based mode to a first fiber mode and a second fiber mode, respectively, where the first fiber mode is orthogonal to the second fiber mode, and the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer is connected to a mode division multiplexing optical fiber, and is capable of combining and inputting the OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode into the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, and the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer is further configured to separate OTDR backscattered light of the OTDR optical carrier from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber and convert the OTDR backscattered light into a fiber-based mode;
the second mode multiplexing demultiplexer is connected with the mode division multiplexing optical fiber and used for separating an OSC optical carrier wave of a second optical fiber mode from an opposite end from the mode division multiplexing optical fiber and converting the OSC optical carrier wave into an optical fiber fundamental mode;
the first photoelectric signal processing unit is connected with the first mode multiplexing demultiplexer and is used for processing OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer) backward scattering light of the optical fiber fundamental mode to obtain OTDR service data;
and the second photoelectric signal processing unit is connected with the second mode multiplexer/demultiplexer and is used for processing the OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber fundamental mode to obtain OSC service data.
6. The optical transceiver module as claimed in claim 5, further comprising a modulation information optical loading unit and an optical combiner/splitter, wherein the modulation information optical loading unit is configured to receive the OTDR baseband signal and the OSC baseband signal from the device side and load the OTDR baseband signal and the OSC baseband signal onto the optical carrier of the fundamental fiber mode to obtain the OTDR optical carrier and the OSC optical carrier of the fundamental fiber mode, respectively; the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer is configured to perform isolation conversion on an OTDR optical signal, the modulated information optical loading unit is connected to the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer through the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer to send the OTDR optical carrier to the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, and the first optical electrical signal processing unit is connected to the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer through the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer to receive OTDR backscattered light of the fundamental mode of the optical fiber; the modulation information optical loading unit is further connected to the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer to send the OSC optical carrier to the first mode multiplexer/demultiplexer.
7. The optical transceiver module of claim 6, wherein the first optical-to-electrical signal processing unit comprises a first optical-to-electrical converter and a first signal processing unit, the first optical-to-electrical converter is connected to the first mode multiplexing demultiplexer through the optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, and is configured to convert the OTDR backscattered light into an OTDR electrical signal, and the first signal processing unit is connected to the first optical-to-electrical converter, and is configured to process the OTDR electrical signal to obtain the OTDR traffic data; the second optical-electrical signal processing unit includes a second optical-electrical converter and a second signal processing unit, the second optical-electrical converter is connected to the second mode multiplexing/demultiplexing unit and configured to convert the OSC optical carrier into an OSC electrical signal, and the second signal processing unit is connected to the second optical-electrical converter and configured to process the OSC electrical signal to obtain the OSC service data.
8. The optical transceiver module of claim 6, wherein the modulated information optical loading unit includes a laser, an optical coupler, a first driver, a first modulator, a second driver, and a second modulator, the first driver is connected to the first modulator, the first driver is configured to receive the OTDR baseband signal and adjust a voltage of the OTDR baseband signal to match a driving voltage of the first modulator, the second driver is connected to the second modulator, the second driver is configured to receive the OSC baseband signal and adjust a voltage of the OSC baseband signal to match a driving voltage of the second modulator, the laser is configured to output continuous light, the optical coupler is connected to the laser, the first modulator, and the second modulator, the optical coupler is configured to split the continuous light into first and second optical paths, the first and second optical paths are respectively transmitted to the first and second modulators, the first modulator is connected to the first optical demultiplexer via the optical multiplexer, the first optical path is configured to load the first and second optical paths into the first and second optical paths, the first and the second optical paths are respectively transmitted to the first and demultiplexed, the first optical multiplexer is configured to obtain the first and the first optical demultiplexer, the first optical transmission mode is configured to obtain the first and the first optical demultiplexer, the first optical carrier multiplexing mode is connected to the second optical demultiplexer, and the first optical transmission mode is used to load the first optical signal to obtain the first optical transmission optical demultiplexer, and the first optical carrier multiplexing mode.
9. An optical transceiver module, comprising:
a mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device, configured to convert an OTDR optical carrier and an OSC optical carrier of a first wavelength from a fiber fundamental mode to a first fiber mode and a second fiber mode, respectively, where the first fiber mode is orthogonal to the second fiber mode, and the first mode multiplexing/demultiplexing device is connected to a mode division multiplexing optical fiber, and is capable of merging and inputting the OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode and the OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode into the mode division multiplexing optical fiber, and the mode division multiplexing optical fiber further transmits an inverse OTDR optical carrier of the first fiber mode and an inverse OSC optical carrier of the second fiber mode of a second wavelength, which are sent by an opposite end; said mode demultiplexer is further configured to separate an OTDR backscattered light and said inverse OTDR optical carrier of said first fiber mode from said mode division multiplexed fiber and convert said OTDR backscattered light and said inverse OTDR optical carrier into a fiber based mode, and said mode demultiplexer is capable of separating an OSC backscattered light and said inverse OSC optical carrier of said second fiber mode from said mode division multiplexed fiber and convert said OSC backscattered light and said inverse OSC optical carrier into a fiber based mode;
the first wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the mode multiplexing demultiplexer and is used for separating the OTDR backscattered light of the optical fiber basic mode and the reverse OTDR optical carrier;
the second wavelength division multiplexer is connected with the mode multiplexing demultiplexer and is used for separating OSC backscattering light of the optical fiber base mode and reverse OSC optical carrier;
the first photoelectric signal processing unit is connected with the first wavelength division multiplexer and is used for processing OTDR back scattering light of the optical fiber fundamental mode to obtain OTDR service data;
and the second photoelectric signal processing unit is connected with the second wavelength division multiplexer and used for processing the reverse OSC optical carrier of the optical fiber fundamental mode to obtain OSC service data.
10. The optical transceiver module as claimed in claim 9, further comprising a modulation information optical loading unit, a first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer and a second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, wherein the modulation information optical loading unit is configured to receive an OTDR baseband signal and an OSC baseband signal from a device side and load the OTDR baseband signal and the OSC baseband signal onto the optical carrier of the first wavelength to obtain an OTDR optical carrier and an OSC optical carrier of the fundamental fiber mode of the first wavelength, respectively; the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer is configured to perform isolation switching on an OTDR optical signal, the modulated information optical loading unit is connected to the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer through the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer to send an OTDR optical carrier of the fiber fundamental mode to the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, and the first wavelength division multiplexer is connected to the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer through the first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer to receive an OTDR backscattered light and an OTDR optical carrier of the fiber fundamental mode; the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer is configured to perform isolated switching on an OSC optical signal, the modulation information optical loading unit is connected to the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer through the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer to send an OSC optical carrier of the fundamental mode of the optical fiber to the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer, and the second wavelength division multiplexer is connected to the mode multiplexer/demultiplexer through the second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer to receive an OSC backscatter light of the fundamental mode of the optical fiber and a reverse OSC optical carrier.
11. The optical transceiver module as claimed in claim 10, wherein the modulated information optical loading unit includes a laser, an optical coupler, a first driver, a first modulator, a second driver, and a second modulator, the first driver is connected to the first modulator, and is configured to receive the OTDR baseband signal and adjust a voltage of the OTDR baseband signal to match a driving voltage of the first modulator, the second driver is connected to the second modulator, and is configured to receive the OSC baseband signal and adjust a voltage of the OSC baseband signal to match a driving voltage of the second modulator, the laser is configured to output continuous light, the optical coupler is connected to the laser, the first modulator, and the second modulator, and is configured to split the continuous light into first and second optical paths and transmit the first and second optical paths to the first and the second modulator, respectively, the first modulator is connected to the first optical splitter, and is configured to multiplex the first and demultiplex the OSC baseband optical signal into the second optical mode optical demultiplexer, and is configured to load the first and demultiplex the second optical path optical signal into the OTDR baseband optical multiplexer, and transmit the second optical carrier multiplexed into the second optical demultiplexer, the OTDR baseband optical mode optical demultiplexer, and the OTDR baseband optical carrier multiplexed signal to the second optical multiplexer, and the second optical demultiplexer is configured to obtain the OTDR baseband optical carrier multiplexing mode optical transmission optical multiplexer, and the OTDR signal.
12. The optical transceiver module of claim 10, wherein the first optical-to-electrical signal processing unit comprises a first optical-to-electrical converter and a first signal processing unit, the first optical-to-electrical converter is connected to the mode multiplexing demultiplexer through a first wavelength division multiplexer and a first optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, and is configured to convert the OTDR backscattered light into OTDR electrical signals, and the first signal processing unit is connected to the first optical-to-electrical converter and is configured to process the OTDR electrical signals to obtain the OTDR traffic data; the second optical-to-electrical signal processing unit includes a second optical-to-electrical converter and a second signal processing unit, where the second optical-to-electrical converter is connected to the mode multiplexing demultiplexer through a second wavelength division multiplexer and a second optical multiplexer/demultiplexer, and is configured to convert the reverse OSC optical carrier into an OSC electrical signal, and the second signal processing unit is connected to the second optical-to-electrical converter, and is configured to process the OSC electrical signal to obtain the OSC service data.
13. A network element device, characterized in that it comprises an optical transceiver module according to any one of claims 5 to 12.
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