CN115000705A - Antenna and electronic device - Google Patents
Antenna and electronic device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115000705A CN115000705A CN202110230330.XA CN202110230330A CN115000705A CN 115000705 A CN115000705 A CN 115000705A CN 202110230330 A CN202110230330 A CN 202110230330A CN 115000705 A CN115000705 A CN 115000705A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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Abstract
The present invention relates to an antenna and an electronic device, the antenna including: the light emitting device comprises a grounding electrode layer, a transmission electrode layer, a dielectric layer and a light emitting element. The transmission electrode layer and the grounding electrode layer are arranged at intervals and oppositely, and the transmission electrode layer comprises transmission electrodes distributed in an array. The grounding electrode layer and the transmission electrode layer are arranged in an electric insulation mode through a dielectric layer, the dielectric layer comprises a photoinduced dielectric layer, and the orthographic projection of the transmission electrode on the grounding electrode layer is at least partially covered by the orthographic projection of the photoinduced dielectric layer on the grounding electrode layer. The light-emitting element is arranged on the dielectric layer and used for irradiating the photoinduced medium layer so as to regulate and control the dielectric constant of the photoinduced medium layer. According to the antenna and the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the phase shift of the antenna is realized in a light-operated mode, the purpose of beam scanning is achieved, and the cost is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electromagnetic waves, in particular to an antenna and electronic equipment.
Background
The antenna has a wide application range, and may be used for communication between a vehicle and a satellite, an array radar for unmanned driving, a safety array radar, or the like. The direction of the maximum value of the antenna pattern can be changed by controlling the phase, so as to achieve the purpose of beam scanning.
The existing antenna is in a mechanical scanning form, and the antenna is large in size, high in cost and not beneficial to low cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an antenna and electronic equipment, wherein the antenna adopts a light-operated form to realize phase shifting, so that the purpose of beam scanning is achieved, and the cost is lower.
In one aspect, an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided, including: the light emitting device comprises a grounding electrode layer, a transmission electrode layer, a dielectric layer and a light emitting element. The transmission electrode layer and the grounding electrode layer are arranged at intervals and oppositely, and the transmission electrode layer comprises transmission electrodes distributed in an array. The grounding electrode layer and the transmission electrode layer are arranged in an electric insulation mode through a dielectric layer, the dielectric layer comprises a photoinduced dielectric layer, and the orthographic projection of the transmission electrode on the grounding electrode layer is at least partially covered by the orthographic projection of the photoinduced dielectric layer on the grounding electrode layer. The light-emitting element is arranged on the dielectric layer and is used for irradiating the photoinduced dielectric layer so as to regulate and control the dielectric constant of the photoinduced dielectric layer.
In another aspect, an electronic device is provided according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the antenna described above.
According to the antenna and the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the grounding electrode layer and the transmission electrode layer of the antenna are arranged in an electrically insulated manner through the dielectric layer, the dielectric layer comprises the photoinduced dielectric layer, the orthographic projection of the transmission electrode layer on the grounding electrode layer is at least partially covered by the orthographic projection of the photoinduced dielectric layer on the grounding electrode layer, and when a light-emitting element in the dielectric layer emits light, the light-emitting element can irradiate the photoinduced dielectric layer and regulate and control the dielectric constant of the photoinduced dielectric layer. Because the phase of the antenna can change along with the change of the dielectric constant of the photoinduced dielectric layer, the phase of the antenna can be adjusted by utilizing the matching of the light-emitting element and the photoinduced dielectric layer, and the antenna with low cost can be realized.
Drawings
Features, advantages and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of an antenna of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along a-a of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a partial structural view of a light-emitting element according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line b-b in FIG. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a radiation structure of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic top view of an antenna of yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction d-d in FIG. 6;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna according to yet another embodiment of the present invention taken along the line a-a in fig. 1;
fig. 9 is a top view of an antenna of yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction e-e in FIG. 9;
fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna according to yet another embodiment of the present invention taken along the line e-e in fig. 9;
fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna according to yet another embodiment of the present invention taken along the line d-d in fig. 6;
fig. 13 is a top view of an antenna of yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view taken along f-f of FIG. 13;
fig. 15 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna of yet another embodiment of the present invention taken along the position indicated by f-f in fig. 13;
fig. 16 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna of yet another embodiment of the present invention taken along the position indicated by f-f in fig. 13;
fig. 17 is a top view of an antenna of yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction g-g in FIG. 17;
FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view taken along A-A of FIG. 18;
FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of FIG. 18;
FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C in FIG. 18;
fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna of yet another embodiment of the present invention taken along the line g-g in fig. 17;
fig. 23 is a top view of an antenna of yet another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 24 is a sectional view taken along the direction h-h in FIG. 23;
FIG. 25 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction D-D in FIG. 24;
FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line E-E in FIG. 24;
fig. 27 is a sectional view taken along the direction F-F in fig. 24.
Wherein:
10-a ground electrode layer; 11-an opening;
20-a transfer electrode layer; 21-a transmission electrode;
30-a dielectric layer; 31-a photodielectric layer; 32-fixed dielectric layer;
40-light leakage optical fiber; 41-a core; 42-a protective layer; 42 a-cladding; 42 b-a coating layer; 43-light-transmitting holes; 40 a-a first line segment; 40 b-a second line segment;
50-an emissive layer; 51-a radiator;
60-a feed network layer;
70-a transmission element; 71-a light source matrix; 72-Transmission fiber.
In the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The figures are not drawn to scale.
Detailed Description
Features of various aspects and exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, and in order to make objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present application by illustrating examples thereof.
It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising … …" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
It will be understood that when a layer, region or layer is referred to as being "on" or "over" another layer, region or layer in describing the structure of the component, it can be directly on the other layer, region or layer or intervening layers or regions may also be present. Also, if the component is turned over, one layer or region may be "under" or "beneath" another layer or region.
The embodiment of the invention provides a novel antenna, which adopts a light-operated form to realize the phase shift of the antenna, achieves the aim of beam scanning and enables the cost of the antenna to be lower. For a better understanding of the present invention, an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 27.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a schematic top view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along a-a direction in fig. 1.
The antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a grounding electrode layer 10, a transmission electrode layer 20, a dielectric layer 30 and a light-emitting element. The transmission electrode layer 20 is spaced from and disposed opposite to the ground electrode layer 10, the transmission electrode layer 20 includes transmission electrodes 21 distributed in an array, and the transmission electrodes 21 may also be referred to as microstrip lines. The ground electrode layer 10 and the transmission electrode layer 20 are electrically insulated from each other by a dielectric layer 30, the dielectric layer 30 includes a photo-induced dielectric layer 31, and an orthogonal projection of the transmission electrode 21 on the ground electrode layer 10 is at least partially covered by an orthogonal projection of the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 on the ground electrode layer 10. The light emitting element is disposed on the dielectric layer 30 and used for irradiating the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 to adjust and control a dielectric constant of the photo-induced dielectric layer 31.
Optionally, in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the grounding electrode layer 10 and the transmission electrode layer 20 cooperate to play a role of binding electromagnetic waves.
Optionally, in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the transmission electrodes 21 included in the transmission electrode layer 20 may be multiple, multiple transmission electrodes 21 may be distributed in rows and columns and spaced apart from each other, and optionally, the orthogonal projection shapes of the transmission electrode layers 20 on the ground electrode layer 10 may be the same.
Optionally, in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the orthographic projection of each transmission electrode 21 on the ground electrode layer 10 may be at least partially covered by the orthographic projection of the photodielectric layer 31 on the ground electrode layer 10, and of course, optionally, the orthographic projection of each transmission electrode 21 on the ground electrode layer 10 may also be completely covered by the orthographic projection of the photodielectric layer 31 on the ground electrode layer 10. That is, the transmission electrode 21 may at least partially overlap the photodielectric layer 31. For example, the transmission electrode 21 completely overlaps the photodielectric layer 31.
Optionally, in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the light emitting element may be disposed in the photoinduced medium layer 31 included in the dielectric layer 30, so as to ensure an irradiation effect on the photoinduced medium layer 31, and certainly, in some examples, when the dielectric layer 30 includes other layer structures, the light emitting element may also be disposed in the other layer structures included in the dielectric layer 30, as long as an irradiation requirement on the photoinduced medium layer 31 can be met, and thus a regulation requirement on a dielectric constant of the photoinduced medium layer 31 can be ensured.
Optionally, in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the mentioned light emitting elements include all elements capable of emitting light, for example: the light-emitting element may be a self-luminous element after obtaining electric energy, or a light-emitting element that has a light-guiding function, can receive and transmit external light, can make the light finally emit to the photoinduced dielectric layer 31, and can change the dielectric constant of the photoinduced dielectric layer 31.
Each transmission electrode 21, the photoinduced dielectric layer 31 in the corresponding region and the grounding electrode layer 10 form a whole which can be called a phase shifter, and the phase shifting of the antenna is mainly realized by changing the phase of electromagnetic waves by using the phase shifter. The method for changing the phase of the electromagnetic wave through the phase shifter mainly comprises the steps of changing the transmission path length of the electromagnetic wave in the phase shifter or changing the transmission constant of a corresponding dielectric layer in the phase shifter.
Since the structural forms of the corresponding transmission electrode 21, the optically induced dielectric layer 31 and the ground electrode layer 10 of the phase shifter have been determined, the physical path length of the electromagnetic wave is kept constant while passing through the phase shifter, and the phase adjustment of the electromagnetic wave passing through the phase shifter can be achieved by changing the transmission constant of the optically induced dielectric layer 31 of the phase shifter, while the transmission constant of the optically induced dielectric layer 31 is related to the dielectric constant of the optically induced dielectric layer 31 itself.
Therefore, based on the principle that the phase shifter changes the phase of the electromagnetic wave, in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the ground electrode layer 10 and the transmission electrode layer 21 are disposed in an electrically insulated manner by using a dielectric layer, and the dielectric layer includes the photoinduced dielectric layer 31, and the orthographic projection of the transmission electrode layer 21 of the transmission electrode layer 20 on the ground electrode layer 10 is at least partially covered by the orthographic projection of the photoinduced dielectric layer 31 on the ground electrode layer 10, and when the light emitting element located in the dielectric layer emits light, the light emitting element can irradiate the photoinduced dielectric layer 31, and under different light irradiation, the dielectric constants of the photoinduced dielectric layer 31 are different, so that the dielectric constant of the photoinduced dielectric layer 31 can be adjusted by adjusting the light emitted by the light emitting element. The phase of the passing electromagnetic wave is changed by the change of the dielectric constant of the photoinduced dielectric layer 31, so that the phase of the antenna can be changed along with the change of the dielectric constant of the photoinduced dielectric layer 31, that is, the phase of the antenna can be adjusted only by adjusting the light emitted by the light-emitting element, and the purpose of integral beam scanning of the antenna is achieved. Compared with a mechanical phased array antenna, the antenna has the advantages of small size, no need of a mechanical rotating structure, high scanning speed and the like, and is favorable for realizing a low-cost antenna.
Moreover, the light emitting element is arranged in the dielectric layer 30, and the emergent light can be quickly transmitted to the photoinduced dielectric change layer 31, so that the adjustment of the dielectric constant of the light emitting element is realized, the response is sensitive, and the integration level is high.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, fig. 3 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a light emitting element according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along a direction b-b in fig. 3. As an optional implementation manner, in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the light emitting element may include a light leaking optical fiber 40, and the light leaking optical fiber 40 is disposed in the photoinduced medium layer 31. The light leakage optical fiber 40 can receive and conduct external light, so that the light is finally emitted to the photoinduced dielectric layer 31, and the light-emitting element comprises the light leakage optical fiber 40, so that the requirement of irradiating the photoinduced dielectric layer 31 to adjust and control the dielectric constant of the photoinduced dielectric layer can be met. Meanwhile, the light leakage optical fiber 40 is arranged on the photoinduced medium variable layer 31, so that light emitted by the light leakage optical fiber 40 can directly irradiate the photoinduced medium variable layer 31, the optical path of the emitted light is reduced, and meanwhile, the irradiation area of the emitted light can be increased.
As shown in fig. 4, as an alternative embodiment, the light leakage fiber 40 includes a core 41 and a protective layer 42 disposed to cover the core 41, the protective layer 42 is provided with two or more light holes 43 distributed at intervals, the core 41 is exposed at the light holes 43, and the light propagates along the extending direction of the core 41 and exits to the photo-dielectric layer 31 through the light holes 43. After entering the light leakage fiber 40, light or optical waves provided from the outside propagate forward through total reflection between the fiber core 41 and the protective layer 42, and the protective layer 42 is used for insulating and reflecting the light. The light can be emitted from the position of the protective layer 42 where the light-transmitting hole 43 is arranged, so that the regulation and control requirements on the photoinduced medium-variable layer 31 are met.
In some alternative embodiments, the protective layer 42 may include a cladding layer 42a and a cladding layer 42b, the cladding layer 42a is located between the core 41 and the cladding layer 42b, the light transmission hole 43 penetrates the cladding layer 42a and the cladding layer 42b, light generates total reflection between the core 41 and the cladding layer 42a and is conducted in the core 41, and the cladding layer 42b mainly protects the cladding layer 42a and the core 41.
As an optional implementation manner, in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, a light emitting element is disposed corresponding to each transmission electrode 21, and when the light emitting element includes the light leaking optical fiber 40, the light leaking optical fiber 40 of each light emitting element is disposed opposite to one of the transmission electrodes 21, that is, the number of the transmission electrodes 21 is the same as the number of the light leaking optical fibers 40, and corresponds to one another.
Optionally, in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the light leakage optical fiber 40 extends along a first predetermined track in a plane parallel to the ground electrode layer 10, so as to form a surface light source in the optically induced dielectric layer 31. By extending the light leakage optical fiber 40 along the first predetermined track and forming a surface light source in the photoinduced dielectric layer 31, the irradiation area of the light emitted from the light leakage optical fiber 40 to the photoinduced dielectric layer 31 can be increased, and the regulation and control effect on the dielectric constant of the photoinduced dielectric layer 31 in the corresponding area is optimized.
Alternatively, the first predetermined track mentioned is a non-linear track, and the formation of the surface light source is facilitated by making the first predetermined track adopt a non-linear track, so that two or more light transmission holes 43 can be distributed at intervals along the non-linear track, and the first predetermined track includes, but is not limited to, a serpentine track, a spiral track, a combination form of the serpentine track and the spiral track, or some other non-linear track extending irregularly, etc., as long as it can ensure that the light rays emitted from the plurality of light transmission holes 43 form the surface light source integrally.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, in some alternative embodiments, the first predetermined trajectory may include a serpentine trajectory, for example, the light leakage fiber 40 may include a first line segment 40a and a second line segment 40b disposed in an intersecting manner, the first line segment 40a and the second line segment 40b are alternately disposed and connected end to end, and the serpentine trajectory is formed integrally to ensure the formation of the surface light source. In some embodiments, the light leakage optical fiber 40 may also be formed by a plurality of arc segments alternately arranged end to end, and the whole may form a serpentine track, which may also satisfy the formation of a surface light source.
As shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic top view of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present invention. As an alternative embodiment, the first predetermined trajectory may also include a spiral trajectory, and when the first predetermined trajectory is a spiral trajectory, a polygonal-shaped spiral trajectory as shown in fig. 5 may be used. Of course, in some examples, a circular spiral trajectory may be adopted as long as it can satisfy formation of the surface light source.
In some optional embodiments, in the antenna provided in the embodiments of the present invention, the transmission electrode 21 extends along a second predetermined track in a plane parallel to the ground electrode layer 10, the second predetermined track includes a serpentine track and/or a spiral track, and shapes of the serpentine track and the spiral track are as defined in the first predetermined track, which is not repeated herein. The orthographic projection of the light leakage optical fiber 40 on the grounding electrode layer 10 is overlapped with the orthographic projection of the transmission electrode 21 on the grounding electrode layer 10. By enabling the orthographic projection of the light leakage optical fiber 40 on the grounding electrode layer 10 to be partially overlapped with the orthographic projection of the transmission electrode 21 on the grounding electrode layer 10, the orthographic projection of the light leakage optical fiber 40 on the grounding electrode layer 10 and the orthographic projection of the transmission electrode 21 on the grounding electrode layer 10 can be limited in the same area, and the phase shifting purpose of the antenna is favorably realized.
In some optional embodiments, the extension track of the light leakage fiber 40 in the plane parallel to the ground electrode layer 10 is at least partially perpendicular to the extension track of the transmission electrode 21, so as to reduce microwave loss.
As an optional implementation manner, in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the amount of change in the dielectric constant of the photodielectric layer 31 is directly proportional to the luminous flux received by the photodielectric layer 31, which is favorable for regulating and controlling the dielectric constant of the photodielectric layer 31.
As shown in fig. 1 to fig. 5, optionally, the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention further includes a transmission element 70, where the transmission element 70 is configured to transmit energy to the light emitting element, so that the light emitting element emits light. By providing the transmission element 70, the light emission requirements of the light emitting element are further facilitated.
Alternatively, when the light emitting element is a self-luminous element after obtaining electric power, the transmission element 70 may be an electrically conductive element for transmitting electric power, and when the light emitting element is a light emitting element having a light guiding function and capable of receiving and transmitting external light so that the light finally exits to the photo-dielectric layer 31, the transmission element 70 may be an element capable of generating and transmitting light waves.
In some alternative embodiments, the transmission element 70 may include a light source matrix 71 and a transmission fiber 72 connected to the light leakage fiber 40 of the light emitting element, the light source matrix 71 being capable of generating light waves, optionally. The light source matrix 71 is connected with the corresponding light leakage optical fibers 40 through the transmission optical fibers 72, and the light source matrix 71 can be controlled through the control chip, so that light emitted to the positions of the light leakage optical fibers 40 is independently controlled, and the purpose of phase shifting of the antenna is finally achieved.
As shown in fig. 6 and 7, fig. 6 is a schematic top view of an antenna according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along a direction d-d in fig. 6. In the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric layer 30 may only include the photoinduced dielectric layer 31, and the included photoinduced dielectric layer 31 may be in a whole layer structure form, so that the phase shift requirement of the antenna can be reliably satisfied.
As an alternative embodiment, please continue to refer to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 6, and fig. 7. The antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention further includes a radiation layer 50 disposed on the dielectric layer 30, the radiation layer 50 includes radiators 51 distributed in an array, each radiator 51 is connected to one of the transmission electrodes 21, and the radiator 51 and the ground electrode layer 10 are electrically insulated from each other by the dielectric layer 30. The radiator 51 and the ground electrode layer 10 are electrically insulated from each other by the dielectric layer 30, so that the performance requirements of the antenna can be met, and the safety requirements of the antenna can be met.
As an alternative embodiment, the number of radiators 51 may be the same as the number of transmission electrodes 21 and may be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and each radiator 51 is connected to one of the transmission electrodes 21. Alternatively, the shape of the radiator 51 may be set according to requirements, and the orthographic projection of the radiator 51 on the ground electrode layer 10 may be a polygon, such as a quadrangle.
When the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the radiator 51, the working principle is as follows: the electromagnetic wave enters the corresponding phase shifter after entering the antenna, is transmitted in the photoinduced dielectric layer 31 corresponding to the phase shifter in a vibrating manner according to the extending track of the corresponding transmission electrode and is finally transmitted to the radiating body 51, and the dielectric constant of the photoinduced dielectric layer 31 changes after being irradiated by the light emitted by the light-emitting element, so that the phase of the electromagnetic wave changes after passing through the photoinduced dielectric layer 31, and the electromagnetic wave with the changed phase can be reliably radiated out through the radiating body 51.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in some other examples, in the antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the dielectric layer 30 may further include a fixed dielectric layer 32, and at least a portion of the fixed dielectric layer 32 is located between the radiation layer 50 and the ground electrode layer 10. The fixing dielectric layer 32 is provided to facilitate the formation of the antenna, and at the same time, the fixing dielectric layer 32 can support the radiator 51 and electrically insulate the radiator 51 from the ground electrode layer 10.
In some alternative embodiments, the fixed dielectric layer 32 may be made of glass or a PCB. Alternatively, the material of the photodielectric layer 31 may include an azo group, and it is also understood that the photodielectric layer 31 is formed of a liquid crystal material having an azo group. The azo group has the characteristic of photoisomerization, so that the dielectric constant of the photoinduced dielectric layer 31 can be correspondingly changed under the irradiation of corresponding light, the phase of a radio-frequency signal can be changed, and the phase shift of the phased array antenna is achieved. Of course, the optically variable layer 31 may be formed of other materials as long as the dielectric constant of the optically variable layer 31 can be controlled by light, and the specific material of the optically variable layer 31 is not limited in this application.
In some alternative embodiments, in the case where the material of the photodielectric layer 31 includes an azo group, the wavelength of light emitted from the light emitting element may be in a range of 390nm to 577 nm. The wavelength range of the green light is 492nm to 577nm, and the wavelength range of the blue-violet light is 390nm to 492nm, that is, the light emitting element can emit the green light and the blue-violet light. The inventors of the present application have found that when the duty ratio between the wavelength range 390nm to 492nm and the wavelength range 492nm to 577nm of light emitted from the light emitting element is 100:0, the dielectric constant of the photochromic layer 31 containing an azo group changes to the final state Ee, when the duty ratio between the wavelength range 390nm to 492nm and the wavelength range 492nm to 577nm of light emitted from the light emitting element is 0:100, the dielectric constant of the photochromic layer 31 containing an azo group changes to the final state Eo, and when the duty ratio between the wavelength range 390nm to 492nm and the wavelength range 492nm to 577nm of light emitted from the light emitting element is N1: N2, the dielectric constant of the photochromic layer 31 containing an azo group remains unchanged, where Ee > Eo, N1 > 0, N2 > 0, and N1+ N2 is 100.
That is, when the light emitting element emits only blue-violet light, the dielectric constant of the photoinduced medium changing layer 31 containing the azo group is increased, when the light emitting element emits only green light, the dielectric constant of the photoinduced medium changing layer 31 containing the azo group is decreased, and when the light emitting element emits both blue-violet light and green light satisfying a certain duty ratio condition, the dielectric constant of the photoinduced medium changing layer 31 containing the azo group is maintained. Therefore, the duty ratio of the light rays in each wavelength range emitted by the light-emitting element can be controlled to regulate the dielectric constant of the photoinduced dielectric layer 31, and the phase shift of the phased-array antenna is further realized.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, in some optional embodiments, the number of layers of the fixing dielectric layer 32 of the antenna provided in the embodiments of the present invention may be one, the fixing dielectric layer 32 is provided with hollow holes, and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 includes a photo-induced dielectric unit filled in each hollow hole. Through the arrangement, the dielectric constant of the corresponding photoinduced dielectric variable unit can be regulated and controlled by the light-emitting element, and the phase regulation and control requirements of the antenna are further met.
In some optional embodiments, the number of the photoinduced dielectric variable units may be the same as the number of the transmission electrodes 21, and the photoinduced dielectric variable units are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, and an orthogonal projection of each photoinduced dielectric variable unit on the ground electrode layer 10 covers an orthogonal projection of the transmission electrode 21 arranged oppositely.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view of an antenna according to still another embodiment of the present invention, taken along a-a in fig. 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 8. It is understood that the number of the fixed dielectric layers 32 is limited to one layer only, and in some embodiments, the number of the fixed dielectric layers 32 may also be at least two layers, when at least two layers are provided, the fixed dielectric layers 32 are stacked on each other, a hollow hole may be provided on one of the fixed dielectric layers 32, and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 includes a photo-induced dielectric unit filled in each hollow hole, so as to meet the performance requirement of the antenna.
Optionally, when the fixed dielectric layer 32 is at least two layers, it may be specifically two layers, three layers or even more layers, and may be set according to the molding requirement of the antenna, the electrical insulation requirement between the metal layer structures forming the ground electrode layer 10, the transmission electrode layer 20 and the radiation layer 50, and the like.
As an alternative implementation manner, in the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the transmission electrode layer 20 and the radiation layer 50 are disposed on the same layer, and when the fixed dielectric layers 32 are at least two layers, each fixed dielectric layer 32 is disposed between the ground electrode layer 10 and the radiation layer 50 in a stacked manner.
Exemplarily, the number of the fixed dielectric layers 32 may be two, two fixed dielectric layers 32 are stacked on each other, a hollow hole may be disposed on one of the fixed dielectric layers 32, and the light-induced dielectric layer 31 includes a light-induced dielectric unit filled in each hollow hole. As shown in fig. 8, when the number of layers of the fixing medium layer 32 is two, a hollow hole may be formed in the fixing medium layer 32 disposed away from the ground electrode layer 10.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, fig. 9 is a plan view of an antenna according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 10 is a sectional view taken along the direction e-e in fig. 9. In some embodiments, when the number of the fixing dielectric layers 32 is two, the fixing dielectric layer 32 disposed near the ground electrode layer 10 may also have a hollow hole.
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view of an antenna according to yet another embodiment of the present invention taken along the line e-e in fig. 9, as shown in fig. 11. Optionally, the fixed dielectric layers 32 are not limited to two layers, and may also be more than two layers, as shown in fig. 11, the number of the fixed dielectric layers 32 may also be three, and the three fixed dielectric layers 32 are stacked, so that hollow holes are formed in the fixed dielectric layer 32 located in the middle layer among the three fixed dielectric layers 32, and the photoinduced medium changing layer 31 includes photoinduced medium changing units filled in the hollow holes.
According to the antenna provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fixing medium layer 32 is provided with more than two layers, so that the forming of the grounding electrode layer 10, the transmission electrode layer 20 and the radiation layer 50 can be facilitated, and the risk of separation of the metal layers for forming the grounding electrode layer 10, the transmission electrode layer 20 and the radiation layer 50 from the photoinduced dielectric layer 31 is reduced.
It can be understood that, when the number of the fixed dielectric layers 32 is more than two, each layer of the fixed dielectric layer 32 may also be provided with a hollow hole, and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 includes a photo-induced dielectric variable unit filled in each hollow hole.
As an optional implementation manner, when the dielectric layer 30 includes the fixed dielectric layer 32, the antenna provided in each of the above embodiments of the present invention is exemplified by an example in which the fixed dielectric layer 32 is provided with a hollow hole, and the light-induced dielectric layer 31 includes a light-induced dielectric unit filled in each hollow hole. That is, the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 and at least one fixed dielectric layer 32 are disposed in the same layer as each other for illustration, which is an optional implementation manner, in some embodiments, the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 and the fixed dielectric layer 32 may also be disposed in a layered manner, and the forming requirements of the metal layers of the antenna can also be met.
In some optional embodiments, when the fixed dielectric layer 32 and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 are layered, the arrangement directions of the ground electrode layer 10 and the transmission electrode layer 20, and the fixed dielectric layer 32 and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 are stacked on each other.
Fig. 12 is a sectional view of an antenna according to still another embodiment of the present invention taken along the line d-d in fig. 6, as shown in fig. 12.
Illustratively, when the fixed dielectric layer 32 and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 are layered, the number of layers of the fixed dielectric layer 32 may be one, the fixed dielectric layer 32 is layered with the photo-induced dielectric layer 31, the transmission electrode layer 20 is electrically insulated from the ground electrode layer 10 by the stacked fixed dielectric layer 32 and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31, and the radiation layer 50 is electrically insulated from the ground electrode layer 10 by the stacked fixed dielectric layer 32 and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31. As shown in fig. 12, a fixing dielectric layer 32 may be located between the photodielectric layer 31 and the ground electrode layer 10.
As shown in fig. 13 and 14, fig. 13 is a plan view of an antenna according to still another embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 14 is a sectional view taken along f-f in fig. 13. It is understood that, when the fixed dielectric layer 32 and the photo dielectric layer 31 are layered, and the number of the included fixed dielectric layer 32 is one, the photo dielectric layer 31 can be located between the fixed dielectric layer 32 and the ground electrode layer 10
As shown in fig. 15 and 16, fig. 15 is a sectional view of an antenna according to still another embodiment of the present invention taken along a position f-f in fig. 13, and fig. 16 is a sectional view of an antenna according to still another embodiment of the present invention taken along a position f-f in fig. 13. It is to be understood that when the fixed dielectric layer 32 is layered with the photodielectric layer 31, the number of layers of the fixed dielectric layer 32 is not limited to one, and may be at least two. When the fixed dielectric layer 32 has at least two layers, each of the fixed dielectric layer 32 and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 may be stacked and located between the transmission electrode layer 20 and the ground electrode layer 10. In some alternative embodiments, the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 may be disposed between two adjacent fixed dielectric layers 32.
As shown in fig. 15, for example, the number of layers of the fixed dielectric layer 32 is two, and in the arrangement direction of the ground electrode layer 10 and the transmission electrode layer 20, the two fixed dielectric layers 32 and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 are stacked, and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 may be disposed between the two fixed dielectric layers 32.
In some embodiments, the number of layers of the fixed dielectric layer 32 may also be more than two, for example, as shown in fig. 16, the number of layers of the fixed dielectric layer 32 may be three, three layers of the fixed dielectric layer 32 and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 are stacked, and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 is located between any two layers of the fixed dielectric layer 32, which is also beneficial to reduce the risk of separation of the metal layers for forming the ground electrode layer 10, the transmission electrode layer 20, and the radiation layer 50 from the photo-induced dielectric layer 31.
It is understood that the above embodiments are exemplified by the case where the transmitting electrode layer 20 and the radiation layer 50 are disposed in the same layer, which is an alternative embodiment, and the transmitting electrode layer 20 and the radiation layer 50 are not limited to be disposed in the same layer.
Fig. 17 is a plan view of an antenna according to still another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 17 to 21, fig. 18 is a sectional view taken along a direction g-g in fig. 17, fig. 19 is a sectional view taken along a-a direction in fig. 18, fig. 20 is a sectional view taken along a direction B-B in fig. 18, and fig. 21 is a sectional view taken along a direction C-C in fig. 18. In some embodiments, the transmission electrode layer 20, the ground electrode layer 10 and the radiation layer 50 may be layered according to product requirements, and the layered arrangement refers to that the transmission electrode layer 20, the ground electrode layer 10 and the radiation layer 50 are spaced apart from each other. In some optional examples, when the transmission electrode layer 20, the ground electrode layer 10, and the radiation layer 50 are layered, the ground electrode layer 10 and the radiation layer 50 may be electrically insulated from each other by the fixing dielectric layer 32, and the ground electrode layer 10 and the transmission electrode layer 20 may be electrically insulated from each other by the photo-induced dielectric layer 31.
Through setting up transmission electrode layer 20, ground electrode layer 10 and radiation layer 50 layering, can make the whole antenna under the equal area of radiation condition, the integrated level is higher, simultaneously, can avoid transmission electrode 21 radiation to reveal and produce the influence to the radiation pattern of antenna. Moreover, the transmission electrode layer 20 is layered, so that the shape of each transmission electrode 21 included therein is not limited by the connection condition of the radiator 51 corresponding to the radiation layer 50, and the shape of the transmission electrode 21 can be selected in more ways, which is beneficial to the formation of the transmission electrode 21.
As shown in fig. 17 to fig. 21, alternatively, when the transmission electrode layer 20, the ground electrode layer 10, and the radiation layer 50 are disposed in a layered manner, the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 and the fixed dielectric layer 32 may also be disposed in a layered manner, the ground electrode layer 10 and each transmission electrode 21 of the transmission electrode layer 20 may be disposed in an electrically insulated manner through the entire photo-induced dielectric layer 31, and the ground electrode layer 10 and each radiator 51 of the radiation layer 50 are disposed in an electrically insulated manner through the fixed dielectric layer 32, which may also meet the performance requirement of the antenna.
It is understood that when the transmission electrode layer 20, the ground electrode layer 10 and the radiation layer 50 are layered, the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 is not limited to be layered with the fixed dielectric layer 32, and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 may be disposed on the same layer as the fixed dielectric layer 32, and specifically may be disposed on the same layer as the fixed dielectric layer 32 between the ground electrode layer 10 and the transmission electrode layer 20. As an optional implementation manner, a fixed dielectric layer 32 may be respectively disposed between the layer structures of any two of the transmission electrode layer 20, the ground electrode layer 10 and the radiation layer 50, hollow holes are disposed on the ground electrode layer 10 and the fixed dielectric layer 32 of the transmission electrode layer 20, the photo-induced dielectric layer 31 includes photo-induced dielectric variable units filled in the hollow holes, and the transmission electrode layer 20 and the ground electrode layer 10 are electrically insulated by each photo-induced dielectric variable unit.
In some optional embodiments, when the transmission electrode layer 20, the ground electrode layer 10 and the radiation layer 50 are layered, the ground electrode layer 10 is located between the transmission electrode layer 20 and the radiation layer 50, the ground electrode layer 10 is provided with an opening 11 corresponding to each transmission electrode 21, and an orthographic projection of the transmission electrode 21 on the ground electrode layer 10 covers the opening 11 oppositely arranged. By disposing the ground electrode layer 10 between the transmission electrode layer 20 and the radiation layer 50, the cooperation between the ground electrode layer 10 and the transmission electrode layer 20 and the cooperation between the ground electrode layer 10 and the radiation layer 50 can be effectively ensured, and the radiation influence between the transmission electrode layer 20 and the radiation layer 50 is reduced.
Fig. 22 is a sectional view of an antenna according to still another embodiment of the present invention taken along the line g-g in fig. 17, as shown in fig. 22. In some optional embodiments, when the transmission electrode layer 20, the ground electrode layer 10 and the radiation layer 50 are layered, a fixing medium layer 32 is disposed on a side of the transmission electrode layer 20 away from the ground electrode layer 10, which is beneficial to the formation of the transmission electrode layer 20 and the connection strength between the transmission electrode layer 20 and the photo-induced dielectric layer 31.
As an optional implementation manner, as shown in fig. 1 to fig. 22, the antenna provided in each of the above embodiments of the present invention further includes a feeding network layer 60, each transmission electrode 21 is connected to the same radio frequency signal end through the feeding network layer 60, and the feeding network layer 60 is disposed in the same layer as at least one of the transmission electrode layer 20 and the radiation layer 50.
For example, as shown in fig. 17 to 21, when the transmission electrode layer 20, the ground electrode layer 10, and the radiation layer 50 are layered, the feeding network layer 60 may be disposed in the same layer as the radiation layer 50.
As shown in fig. 23 to 27, fig. 23 is a plan view of an antenna according to still another embodiment of the present invention, fig. 24 is a sectional view taken along a direction h-h in fig. 23, fig. 25 is a sectional view taken along a direction D-D in fig. 24, fig. 26 is a sectional view taken along a direction E-E in fig. 24, and fig. 27 is a sectional view taken along a direction F-F in fig. 24. Illustratively, when the transmission electrode layer 20, the ground electrode layer 10 and the radiation layer 50 are layered, the feeding network layer 60 may be disposed in the same layer as the transmission electrode layer 20.
Based on the same inventive concept, the application further provides an electronic device, and the electronic device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the antenna provided by any one of the above embodiments of the application. The embodiment only takes a mobile phone as an example to describe the electronic device, and it can be understood that the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application may be a wearable product, a computer, a vehicle-mounted electronic device, and the like, which is not specifically limited by the present application. The electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application has the beneficial effects of the antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, and specific reference may be specifically made to the specific description of the antenna in each of the above embodiments, which is not repeated herein.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (23)
1. An antenna, comprising:
a ground electrode layer;
the transmission electrode layer is spaced from and arranged opposite to the grounding electrode layer, and comprises transmission electrodes distributed in an array;
the grounding electrode layer and the transmission electrode layer are arranged in an electric insulation manner through the dielectric layer, the dielectric layer comprises a photoinduced dielectric layer, and the orthographic projection of the transmission electrode on the grounding electrode layer is at least partially covered by the orthographic projection of the photoinduced dielectric layer on the grounding electrode layer;
and the light-emitting element is arranged on the dielectric layer and is used for irradiating the photoinduced dielectric layer so as to regulate and control the dielectric constant of the photoinduced dielectric layer.
2. The antenna of claim 1, wherein the light emitting element comprises a light leaking fiber disposed within the photoinduced mesogenic layer.
3. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the light leakage fiber comprises a fiber core and a protective layer covering the fiber core, the protective layer is provided with two or more light holes distributed at intervals, the fiber core is exposed at the light holes, and light is transmitted along an extending direction of the fiber core and is emitted to the photoinduced dielectric layer through the light holes.
4. The antenna of claim 2, wherein the light leaking fiber extends along a first predetermined trajectory in a plane parallel to the ground electrode layer to form a surface light source within the photodielectric layer.
5. The antenna of claim 4, wherein the first predetermined trace comprises a serpentine trace and/or a spiral trace, and an orthographic projection of the surface light source formed by the light-leaking optical fiber on the ground electrode layer covers an orthographic projection of the transmission electrode on the ground electrode layer.
6. The antenna of claim 5, wherein the transmission electrode extends along a second predetermined track in a plane parallel to the ground electrode layer, the second predetermined track comprises a serpentine track and/or a spiral track, and an orthographic projection of the light leakage optical fiber on the ground electrode layer partially overlaps with an orthographic projection of the transmission electrode on the ground electrode layer.
7. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising a radiation layer disposed on the dielectric layer, wherein the radiation layer includes a plurality of radiators arranged in an array, each of the radiators is coupled to one of the transmission electrodes, and the radiators and the ground electrode layer are electrically insulated from each other by the dielectric layer.
8. The antenna of claim 7, wherein the dielectric layer further comprises a fixed dielectric layer, at least a portion of the fixed dielectric layer being located between the radiating layer and the ground electrode layer.
9. The antenna of claim 8, wherein the number of layers of the fixed dielectric layer is one, the fixed dielectric layer is provided with hollow holes, and the photo-induced dielectric layer comprises photo-induced dielectric variable units filled in the hollow holes.
10. The antenna of claim 8, wherein the number of layers of the fixing medium layer is at least two, at least one layer of the fixing medium layer is provided with a hollow hole, and the photo-induced dielectric layer comprises a photo-induced dielectric unit filled in each hollow hole.
11. The antenna according to claim 10, wherein the transmission electrode layer and the radiation layer are disposed on the same layer, and at least two of the fixed dielectric layers are stacked between the ground electrode layer and the radiation layer.
12. The antenna of claim 10, wherein the transmission electrode layer, the ground electrode layer, and the radiation layer are layered, and the fixing dielectric layer is disposed between the layer structures of any two of the transmission electrode layer, the ground electrode layer, and the radiation layer.
13. The antenna of claim 8, wherein the fixed dielectric layer is layered with the photovariable layer.
14. The antenna of claim 13, wherein the transmission electrode layer and the radiation layer are disposed on the same layer, the ground electrode layer and the transmission electrode layer are arranged in the same direction, and the fixed dielectric layer and the photo-induced dielectric layer are stacked on each other.
15. The antenna of claim 13, wherein the transmission electrode layer, the ground electrode layer, and the radiation layer are layered, the photodielectric layer is disposed between the transmission electrode layer and the ground electrode layer, and the fixing dielectric layer is disposed between the radiation layer and the ground electrode layer.
16. The antenna of claim 15, wherein a side of the transmission electrode layer facing away from the ground electrode layer is provided with the fixing dielectric layer.
17. The antenna according to claim 12 or 15, wherein the ground electrode layer is located between the transmission electrode layer and the radiation layer, an opening is provided in the ground electrode layer for each transmission electrode, and an orthogonal projection of the transmission electrode on the ground electrode layer covers the openings that are provided in an opposing manner.
18. The antenna of claim 7, further comprising a feed network layer, each of the transmission electrodes being connected to a same radio frequency signal end through the feed network layer, the feed network layer being disposed on a same layer as at least one of the transmission electrode layer and the radiation layer.
19. The antenna of any one of claims 1-6, 8-16, and 18, wherein the amount of change in the dielectric constant of the photonically-changeable layer is proportional to the amount of light flux received by the photonically-changeable layer.
20. The antenna of any one of claims 1-6, 8-16, and 18, further comprising a transmission element configured to transmit energy to the light emitting element to cause the light emitting element to emit light.
21. The antenna of claim 20, wherein the light has a wavelength of 500 nm to 565 nm, and/or the light has a wavelength of 380 nm to 485 nm.
22. The antenna of any of claims 1-6, 8-16, and 18, wherein the photodielectric layer comprises a liquid crystal material comprising azo groups.
23. An electronic device, characterized in that it comprises an antenna according to any of claims 1-22.
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| CN202110230330.XA CN115000705A (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2021-03-02 | Antenna and electronic device |
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| CN202110230330.XA CN115000705A (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2021-03-02 | Antenna and electronic device |
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| US20200161759A1 (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2020-05-21 | Nokia Technologies Oy | Electrochromic reflectarray antenna |
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| CN108987926A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-12-11 | 华北水利水电大学 | A kind of production method and device of the vigorous lens array dual-mode antenna device of dragon |
| US20200161759A1 (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2020-05-21 | Nokia Technologies Oy | Electrochromic reflectarray antenna |
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