CN114994088B - Satellite-borne atmosphere detector and atmosphere parameter measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Satellite-borne atmosphere detector and atmosphere parameter measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a satellite-borne atmosphere detector and an atmosphere parameter measuring method thereof, which relate to the technical field of microwave remote sensing and comprise a first antenna unit, a first low-frequency signal processing unit and a numerical control unit, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the first antenna unit receives the first radiation signal and performs frequency division processing on the received first radiation signal to obtain at least two paths of low-frequency detection signals; the first low-frequency signal processing unit carries out broadband direct detection processing on a first path of low-frequency detection signals matched with a processing frequency band of the first low-frequency signal processing unit so as to split the matched first path of low-frequency detection signals into single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signals and single-channel low-frequency window area signals; the numerical control unit uploads the low-frequency humidity detection signal and the low-frequency window area signal to the satellite platform, and the low-frequency humidity detection signal and the low-frequency window area signal are forwarded to the ground station through the satellite platform to obtain corresponding atmospheric parameters. According to the method and the device, a single-channel broadband direct detection output scheme is adopted for the low-frequency humidity detection frequency band, the signal processing link is simplified, and the channel stability is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of microwave remote sensing, in particular to a satellite-borne atmosphere detector and an atmosphere parameter measuring method thereof.
Background
The vertical distribution of the atmospheric temperature and humidity is important basic meteorological element information, and currently, the remote sensing detection of the atmospheric temperature and humidity is mainly completed through microwave radiometer equipment. The microwave radiometer for detecting the atmospheric temperature and humidity is generally called as an atmospheric temperature and humidity profile detector, and has carrying capacity of various platforms such as satellite-borne platforms, airborne platforms and foundations. The satellite-borne atmosphere detector is carried on a satellite with a track height of hundreds of kilometers, has the advantages of large detection range, short revisiting period and the like, can realize 24-hour all-weather continuous observation on global atmosphere temperature and humidity profiles, can acquire cloud and rain atmosphere parameters closely related to strong convection weather phenomena such as typhoons, rainstorms and the like, and has very important practical value.
The traditional superheterodyne receiver needs links such as a down-conversion mixer and a local oscillation link to convert a microwave high-frequency signal into an intermediate-frequency signal, and then performs processing such as amplification, filtering and detection on the intermediate-frequency signal, so that the processing links are multiple, the equipment complexity is high, and the channel stability is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, an object of the present application is to provide at least a satellite-borne atmosphere detector and an atmosphere parameter measuring method thereof, which simplify a signal processing link and improve channel stability by adopting a broadband direct detection output scheme for a low-frequency humidity detection frequency band.
The application mainly comprises the following aspects:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite-borne atmosphere detector and an atmosphere parameter measuring method thereof, where the satellite-borne atmosphere detector includes a first antenna unit, a first low-frequency signal processing unit, and a numerical control unit, and the atmosphere parameter measuring method includes: the first antenna unit receives the first radiation signal and performs frequency division processing on the received first radiation signal to obtain at least two paths of low-frequency detection signals; the first low-frequency signal processing unit carries out broadband direct detection processing on a first path of low-frequency detection signals matched with a processing frequency band of the first path of low-frequency detection signals so as to split the first path of low-frequency detection signals into single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signals and single-channel low-frequency window area signals; the numerical control unit uploads the low-frequency humidity detection signal and the low-frequency window area signal to the satellite platform, and the low-frequency humidity detection signal and the low-frequency window area signal are forwarded to the ground station through the satellite platform to obtain corresponding atmospheric parameters.
In a possible implementation manner, the first low-frequency signal processing unit includes a first broadband low-noise amplifier, a first power divider, a first multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network, and a second multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network, where the first broadband low-noise amplifier pre-amplifies the first path of low-frequency detection signal; the first power divider divides the pre-amplified first path of low-frequency detection signal into a first low-frequency processing signal and a second low-frequency processing signal; the first multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network performs stage-by-stage amplification and filtering processing on the first low-frequency processing signal and outputs a single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signal; and the second multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network performs stage-by-stage amplification and filtering processing on the second low-frequency processing signal and outputs a single-channel low-frequency window area signal.
In a possible implementation manner, the satellite-borne atmosphere detector further comprises a second low-frequency signal processing unit, the second low-frequency signal processing unit comprises a first receiver front end, a second power divider and a thirteen-channel intermediate frequency receiver, and the first receiver front end performs pre-amplification and down-conversion processing on a second path of low-frequency detection signal; the second power divider splits the second path of low-frequency detection signals subjected to the down-conversion treatment into thirteen-channel intermediate-frequency electromagnetic wave signals; the thirteen-channel intermediate frequency receiver performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration processing on thirteen paths of intermediate frequency electromagnetic wave signals and outputs a plurality of paths of low-frequency temperature detection signals.
In a possible implementation manner, the satellite-borne atmosphere detector further comprises a scanning rotating mechanism and a driving control unit, the first antenna unit comprises a first rotating plane mirror, a first antenna reflection plane, a first polarization separator wire grid, a first feed horn and a second feed horn, and the first rotating plane mirror is driven by the scanning rotating mechanism and the driving control unit to periodically rotate so as to receive a first radiation signal and reflect the first radiation signal to the first antenna reflection plane; the first antenna reflecting surface reflects the first radiation signal to the first polarization separator wire grating so as to separate a first path of low-frequency detection signal and a second path of low-frequency detection signal from the first radiation signal through the first polarization separator wire grating, and the first path of low-frequency detection signal and the second path of low-frequency detection signal are respectively reflected to the corresponding first feed source loudspeaker and the corresponding second feed source loudspeaker; the first feed source horn inputs the first path of low-frequency detection signal into the first low-frequency signal processing unit, and the second feed source horn inputs the second feed source horn into the second low-frequency signal processing unit.
In a possible implementation manner, the satellite-borne atmosphere sounding instrument further includes a second antenna unit, a first high-frequency signal processing unit, a second high-frequency signal processing unit, a third high-frequency signal processing unit, and a fourth high-frequency signal processing unit, where the second antenna unit receives the second radiation signal and performs frequency division processing on the received second radiation signal to obtain at least four paths of high-frequency detection signals; the first high-frequency signal processing unit performs pre-amplification, square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration processing on the first path of high-frequency detection signal so as to split the first path of high-frequency detection signal into multiple paths of high-frequency humidity detection signals; the second high-frequency signal processing unit performs pre-amplification, square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration processing on the second path of high-frequency detection signal to obtain a single-channel first high-frequency window area signal; the third high-frequency signal processing unit performs pre-amplification, square law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration processing on the third path of high-frequency detection signal so as to split the third path of high-frequency detection signal into multiple paths of high-frequency temperature detection signals; and the fourth high-frequency signal processing unit performs pre-amplification, square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration processing on the fourth high-frequency detection signal to obtain a single-channel second high-frequency window area signal.
In a possible implementation manner, the first high-frequency signal processing unit includes a second receiver front end, a third power divider, and a five-channel intermediate frequency receiver, the second high-frequency signal processing unit includes a third receiver front end and a first single-channel intermediate frequency receiver, and the second receiver front end pre-amplifies and down-converts the first path of high-frequency detection signal; the third power divider divides the first path of high-frequency detection signal subjected to the warp direction down-conversion into five-channel medium-frequency electromagnetic wave signals; the five-channel intermediate frequency receiver performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integral processing on the five-channel intermediate frequency electromagnetic wave signals and outputs a plurality of paths of high-frequency humidity detection signals; the front end of the third receiver pre-amplifies and down-converts the second path of high-frequency detection signal; and the first single-channel intermediate frequency receiver performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integral processing on the second path of high-frequency detection signals subjected to the down-conversion processing to obtain a single-channel first high-frequency window area signal.
In a possible implementation manner, the third high-frequency signal processing unit includes a fourth receiver front end, a fourth power divider, and an eight-channel if receiver, the fourth high-frequency signal processing unit includes a fifth receiver front end and a second single-channel if receiver, and the fourth receiver front end pre-amplifies and down-converts the third path of high-frequency detection signal; the fourth power divider splits the third high-frequency detection signal subjected to the warp direction down-conversion treatment into eight-channel medium-frequency electromagnetic wave signals; the eight-channel intermediate frequency receiver performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integral processing on the eight-channel intermediate frequency electromagnetic wave signals and outputs a plurality of paths of high-frequency temperature detection signals; the front end of the fifth receiver pre-amplifies and down-converts the fourth path of high-frequency detection signals; and the second single-channel intermediate frequency receiver performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration processing on the fourth path of high-frequency detection signals subjected to the radial down-conversion processing to obtain a single-channel second high-frequency window area signal.
In a possible implementation manner, the second antenna unit comprises a second rotating plane mirror, a second antenna reflecting surface, a second polarization separator wire grid, a third feed horn, a fourth feed horn, a first frequency dividing assembly and a second frequency dividing assembly, wherein the second rotating plane mirror is driven by the scanning rotating mechanism and the driving control unit to periodically rotate so as to receive a second radiation signal and reflect the second radiation signal to the second antenna reflecting surface; the second antenna reflecting surface reflects the second radiation signal to the second polarization separator wire grid so as to separate a first path of high-frequency polarization signal and a second path of high-frequency polarization signal from the second radiation signal through the second polarization separator wire grid, and the first path of high-frequency polarization signal and the second path of high-frequency polarization signal are respectively reflected to a corresponding third feed source loudspeaker and a corresponding fourth feed source loudspeaker; the third feed source loudspeaker inputs the first path of high-frequency polarization signal into the first frequency-dividing component, so that the first frequency-dividing component divides the first path of high-frequency polarization signal into a first path of high-frequency detection signal and a second path of high-frequency detection signal; and the fourth feed horn inputs the second path of high-frequency polarization signal into the second frequency division component, so that the second frequency division component splits the second path of high-frequency polarization signal into a third path of high-frequency detection signal and a fourth path of high-frequency detection signal.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a satellite-borne atmosphere detector, which includes a first antenna unit, a first low-frequency signal processing unit, and a numerical control unit, where the first antenna unit is configured to receive a first radiation signal and perform frequency division processing on the received first radiation signal to obtain at least two low-frequency detection signals; the first low-frequency signal processing unit is used for carrying out broadband direct detection processing on the first path of low-frequency detection signal matched with the processing frequency band of the first low-frequency signal processing unit so as to split the first path of matched low-frequency detection signal into a single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signal and a single-channel low-frequency window area signal; and the numerical control unit is used for uploading the low-frequency humidity detection signal and the low-frequency window area signal to the satellite platform and forwarding the low-frequency humidity detection signal and the low-frequency window area signal to the ground station through the satellite platform to obtain corresponding atmospheric parameters.
In a possible implementation manner, the first low-frequency signal processing unit includes a first wideband low-noise amplifier, a first power divider, a first multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network, and a second multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network, where the first wideband low-noise amplifier is configured to pre-amplify the first path of low-frequency detection signal; the first power divider is used for dividing the pre-amplified first path of low-frequency detection signal into a first low-frequency processing signal and a second low-frequency processing signal; the first multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network is used for amplifying and filtering the first low-frequency processing signal stage by stage and outputting a single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signal; and the second multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network is used for amplifying and filtering the second low-frequency processing signal step by step and outputting a single-channel low-frequency window area signal.
The embodiment of the application provides a satellite-borne atmosphere detector and an atmosphere parameter measuring method thereof, and the satellite-borne atmosphere detector comprises a first antenna unit, a first low-frequency signal processing unit and a numerical control unit, and comprises: the first antenna unit receives the first radiation signal and performs frequency division processing on the received first radiation signal to obtain at least two paths of low-frequency detection signals; the first low-frequency signal processing unit carries out broadband direct detection processing on a first path of low-frequency detection signals matched with a processing frequency band of the first low-frequency signal processing unit so as to split the matched first path of low-frequency detection signals into single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signals and single-channel low-frequency window area signals; the numerical control unit uploads the low-frequency humidity detection signal and the low-frequency window area signal to the satellite platform, and the low-frequency humidity detection signal and the low-frequency window area signal are forwarded to the ground station through the satellite platform to obtain corresponding atmospheric parameters. According to the method and the device, a single-channel broadband direct detection output scheme is adopted for the low-frequency humidity detection frequency band, the signal processing link is simplified, the stability of a channel is improved, and the noise temperature is reduced.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from the drawings without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 shows a flowchart of an atmospheric parameter measurement method based on a satellite-borne atmospheric sounding instrument according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram i of a satellite-borne atmosphere detector provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first low frequency processing unit provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram ii of a satellite-borne atmosphere detector according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it should be understood that the drawings in the present application are for illustrative and descriptive purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Further, it should be understood that the schematic drawings are not drawn to scale. The flowcharts used in this application illustrate operations implemented according to some embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the operations of the flow diagrams may be performed out of order, and that steps without logical context may be performed in reverse order or concurrently. One skilled in the art, under the guidance of this application, may add one or more other operations to, or remove one or more operations from, the flowchart.
In addition, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present application, fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
In the atmospheric microwave detector in the prior art, a superheterodyne receiver is adopted in a 23.8/31.4GHz frequency band, a down-conversion mixer, a local oscillation link and other links are required, a first-stage duplexer is also required to convert a microwave high-frequency signal received by an antenna into an intermediate-frequency signal, and then amplification, filtering, detection and other processing are carried out on the intermediate-frequency signal, in addition, a multi-channel output scheme is adopted in the 23.8GHz frequency band in the prior art, the channel stability is poor, the insertion loss/noise and amplitude-frequency response introduced by a multi-channel filter are large, and the sensitivity of the frequency point receiver is reduced.
Based on this, the embodiment of the application provides a satellite-borne atmosphere detector and an atmosphere parameter measuring method thereof, and a single-channel broadband detection output scheme is adopted for a low-frequency humidity detection frequency band, so that the satellite-borne atmosphere detector has better channel stability, and specifically the following steps are adopted:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, fig. 1 shows a flowchart of an atmospheric parameter measurement method based on a satellite-borne atmosphere probe according to an embodiment of the present application, fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a satellite-borne atmosphere probe according to an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a first low-frequency processing unit according to an embodiment of the present application; fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a second satellite-borne atmosphere detecting instrument provided in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4, the second satellite-borne atmosphere detecting instrument includes a first antenna unit 11, a first low-frequency signal processing unit 21, and a numerical control unit 30, and specifically, the second satellite-borne atmosphere detecting instrument further includes a scanning rotation mechanism and a driving control unit 40, where the scanning rotation mechanism is sequentially connected to the driving control unit 40, the first antenna unit 11, the first low-frequency signal processing unit 21, and the numerical control unit 30, and the scanning rotation mechanism and the driving control unit 40 are further connected to the numerical control unit 30 to receive a driving control signal sent by the numerical control unit 30.
The atmospheric parameter measuring method provided by the embodiment of the application comprises the following steps:
s100, the first antenna unit receives the first radiation signal and performs frequency division processing on the received first radiation signal to obtain at least two paths of low-frequency detection signals.
Specifically, the first antenna unit 11 includes a first rotating plane mirror 110, a first antenna reflection plane 111, a first polarization separator wire grid 112, a first feed horn 113, and a second feed horn 114, where the first rotating plane mirror 110 and the scanning rotating mechanism are connected to one side of the driving control unit 40, the scanning rotating mechanism and the driving control unit 40 control the first rotating plane mirror 110 to scan after receiving the driving control signal sent by the numerical control unit 30, and the first rotating plane mirror 110 receives the first radiation signal sent by the observation source in the scanning process.
In a preferred embodiment, the first rotating plane mirror 110 is driven by the scanning rotation mechanism and the driving control unit 40 to periodically rotate to receive the first radiation signal, and reflect the first radiation signal to the first antenna reflection plane 111, the first antenna reflection plane 111 reflects the first radiation signal to the first polarization separator wire grid 112, so as to separate the first low-frequency detection signal and the second low-frequency detection signal from the first radiation signal through the first polarization separator wire grid 112, and respectively reflect the first low-frequency detection signal and the second low-frequency detection signal to the corresponding first feed horn 113 and the second feed horn 114, the first feed horn 113 inputs the first low-frequency detection signal into the first low-frequency signal processing unit 21, where the first radiation signal is a polarization signal, and the polarization separator wire grid is a grid formed by metal wires arranged at equal intervals to separate polarization signals, that is, i.e., electromagnetic wave signals belonging to wave band frequencies are separated, where the first low-frequency detection signal belongs to a K frequency band, and the second low-frequency detection signal belongs to a V band frequency band.
S200, the first low-frequency signal processing unit carries out broadband direct detection processing on the first path of low-frequency detection signal matched with the processing frequency band of the first low-frequency signal processing unit so as to split the first path of low-frequency detection signal into a single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signal and a single-channel low-frequency window area signal.
Specifically, the first low-frequency signal processing unit 21 may be understood as a broadband direct detection receiver, the first low-frequency signal processing unit 21 includes a first broadband low-noise amplifier 210, a first power divider 211, a first multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network 213, and a second multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network 214, specifically, the first broadband low-noise amplifier 210 may pre-amplify the first low-frequency detection signal, the first power divider 211 splits the pre-amplified first low-frequency detection signal into a first low-frequency processing signal and a second low-frequency processing signal, the first multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network 213 performs progressive amplification and filtering processing on the first low-frequency processing signal, and outputs a single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signal, and the second multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network 214 performs progressive amplification and filtering processing on the second low-frequency processing signal, and outputs a single-channel low-frequency window area signal, where the low-frequency humidity detection signal is in a 23.8GHz detection frequency band and the low-frequency window area signal is in a 31.4GHz detection frequency band.
In an embodiment, the first multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network 213 and the second multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network 214 are used for filtering out unwanted out-of-band noise components and possible out-of-band interference signals, and further, after performing the stepwise amplification, filtering and detection processing on the first low-frequency processing signal and the second low-frequency processing signal input to the first multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network 213 and the second multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network 214, a single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signal and a single-channel low-frequency window region signal can be output.
Preferably, the first multistage bandpass filtering and amplifying network 213 may include a plurality of first bandpass filtering and amplifying sub-networks, each of which may include a first bandpass filter, a first signal attenuator, and a seventh broadband low noise amplifier connected in sequence, and the second multistage bandpass filtering and amplifying network 214 may include a plurality of second bandpass filtering and amplifying sub-networks, each of which may include a second bandpass filter, a second signal attenuator, and an eighth broadband low noise amplifier connected in sequence.
In a specific embodiment, after the first multistage band-pass filtering amplifier network 213 and the second multistage band-pass filtering amplifier network 214, the first differential amplifier circuit and the second differential amplifier circuit can be respectively connected, after the first differential amplifier circuit performs differential amplification processing on the single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signal, the corresponding main-channel low-frequency humidity detection signal and the corresponding backup-channel low-frequency humidity detection signal can be output, and after the second differential amplifier circuit performs differential amplification processing on the single-channel low-frequency window area signal, the corresponding main-channel low-frequency window area signal and the corresponding backup-channel low-frequency window area signal can be output.
In the prior art, for a 23.8GHz detection frequency band, in the process of processing a signal by using a traditional superheterodyne receiver, links such as a down-conversion mixer and a local oscillation link are required to convert a microwave signal into an intermediate frequency signal, and then amplification, filtering, detection and the like are performed on the intermediate frequency signal, and a large amount of useless power consumption and harmonic frequencies are generated in the processing process, in the embodiment of the application, the 23.8GHz detection frequency band adopts a single-channel broadband direct detection output scheme.
In a preferred embodiment, the space-borne atmosphere sounding instrument further includes a second low-frequency signal processing unit 22, the second low-frequency signal processing unit 22 is configured to input a second low-frequency sounding signal to the second feed horn 114, and the second low-frequency signal processing unit 22 includes a first receiver front end, a second power divider 221, and a thirteen-channel intermediate frequency receiver 222, where the first receiver front end includes a second wideband low-noise amplifier 2201 and a first mixer 2202.
The front end of the first receiver pre-amplifies and down-converts a second path of low-frequency detection signals, wherein a second broadband low-noise amplifier 2201 pre-amplifies a first path of high-frequency detection signals, then down-converts the pre-amplified first path of high-frequency detection signals through a first mixer 2202, and a second power divider 221 divides the second path of low-frequency detection signals subjected to down-conversion into thirteen-channel medium-frequency electromagnetic wave signals; the thirteen-channel intermediate frequency receiver 222 performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration processing on the thirteen-channel intermediate frequency electromagnetic wave signals, and outputs a plurality of paths of low-frequency temperature detection signals.
In a specific embodiment, the multiple low-frequency temperature detection signals are in a 50 to 60ghz detection frequency band, specifically, the central frequency and the working bandwidth of each channel in the thirteen-channel intermediate frequency receiver 222 may be scientifically designed according to actual requirements, so as to ensure that the thirteen-channel intermediate frequency receiver 222 can realize controllable layered observation on the atmospheric parameters, and the specific configuration of each channel may be as shown in table 1.
Table 1:
| serial number | Center frequency (G Hz) | Bandwidth (M Hz) |
| 1 | 5 0.3 | ≤ 1 80 |
| 2 | 5 1.76 | ≤ 400 |
| 3 | 5 2.8 | ≤ 400 |
| 4 | 5 3.396 ± 0.115 | ≤ 2 × 170 |
| 5 | 5 4.40 | ≤ 400 |
| 6 | 5 4.94 | ≤ 400 |
| 7 | 5 5.50 | ≤ 330 |
| 8 | 5 7.29 （ f 0 ） | ≤ 330 |
| 9 | f 0 ± 0.217 | ≤ 7 8 |
| 1 0 | f 0 ± 0.3222 ± 0 .048 | ≤ 3 6 |
| 1 1 | f 0 ± 0.3222 ± 0 .022 | ≤ 1 6 |
| 1 2 | f 0 ± 0.3222 ± 0 .010 | ≤ 8 |
| 1 3 | f 0 ± 0.3222 ± 0 .0045 | ≤ 3 |
In table 1, the reference numeral indicates a channel number of the thirteen-channel if receiver 222, one if amplification detection integrator is provided in each channel of the thirteen-channel if receiver 222, the center frequency indicates a frequency at the center of a passband of the if amplification detection integrator of each channel, f0 indicates a median of the thirteen-channel center frequency, and the bandwidth indicates a width of a signal spectrum of each channel of the thirteen-channel if receiver 222.
In a preferred embodiment, the satellite-borne atmosphere finder further comprises a second antenna unit 12, a first high-frequency signal processing unit 23, a second high-frequency signal processing unit 24, a third high-frequency signal processing unit 25 and a fourth high-frequency signal processing unit 26.
The second antenna unit 12 receives the second radiation signal and performs frequency division processing on the received second radiation signal to obtain at least four high-frequency detection signals.
In a preferred embodiment, the second antenna unit 12 includes a second rotating plane mirror 120, a second antenna reflection plane 121, a second polarization separator wire grid 122, a third feed horn 123, a fourth feed horn 124, a first frequency-dividing component 125, and a second frequency-dividing component 126, where the second rotating plane mirror 120 and the scanning rotation mechanism are connected to the other side of the driving control unit 40, the scanning rotation mechanism and the driving control unit 40 control the second rotating plane mirror 120 to scan simultaneously after receiving the driving control signal sent by the numerical control unit 30, and the second rotating plane mirror 120 receives a second radiation signal sent by the observation source during scanning.
In a preferred embodiment, the second rotating plane mirror 120 is periodically rotated under the driving of the scanning rotation mechanism and the driving control unit 40 to receive the second radiation signal, and reflect the second radiation signal to the second antenna reflection plane 121, the second antenna reflection plane 121 reflects the second radiation signal to the second polarization separator wire grid 122, so as to separate the first high-frequency polarization signal and the second high-frequency polarization signal from the second radiation signal through the second polarization separator wire grid 122, and reflect the first high-frequency polarization signal and the second high-frequency polarization signal to the corresponding third feed horn 123 and fourth feed horn 124, where the first high-frequency polarization signal is approximately in the 165.5GHz to 183GHz frequency band, the second high-frequency polarization signal is approximately in the 88ghz to 118ghz frequency band, the third feed horn 123 inputs the first high-frequency polarization signal to the first frequency splitting component 125, so that the first frequency splitting component 125 splits the first high-frequency polarization signal into the first high-frequency detection signal and the second high-frequency detection signal, the fourth feed horn 123 inputs the second high-frequency polarization signal to the first frequency splitting component 126, so that the fourth frequency splitting component 126 splits the first high-frequency polarization signal into the third high-frequency detection signal and the fourth high-frequency detection signal, where the fourth polarization detection feed horn 124 splits the high-frequency detection signal into the third high-frequency detection signal and the fourth high-frequency detection signal 165.88 high-frequency detection signal, where the high-frequency detection feed detects the third high-frequency detection signal, the high-frequency detection component 126, the high-frequency detection feed horn 124 splits the high-frequency detection feed detects the high-frequency detection signal into the third high-frequency detection signal, and the high-frequency detection feed horn 124.
The first high-frequency signal processing unit 23 performs pre-amplification, square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration processing on the first high-frequency detection signal, so as to split the first high-frequency detection signal into multiple paths of high-frequency humidity detection signals.
In a preferred embodiment, the first high frequency signal processing unit 23 comprises a second receiver front end, a third power divider 231 and a five-channel intermediate frequency receiver 232, wherein the second receiver front end comprises a third wideband low noise amplifier 2301 and a second mixer 2302.
Specifically, the front end of the second receiver pre-amplifies and down-converts the first path of high frequency detection signals, here, the third wideband low noise amplifier 2301 pre-amplifies the first path of high frequency detection signals, then down-converts the pre-amplified first path of high frequency detection signals by the second mixer 2302, the third power divider 231 divides the first path of high frequency detection signals subjected to down-conversion into five-channel intermediate frequency electromagnetic wave signals, and the five-channel intermediate frequency receiver 232 performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration on the five-channel intermediate frequency electromagnetic wave signals to output multiple paths of high frequency humidity detection signals.
In a specific embodiment, each high-frequency humidity detection signal is in a 183GHz detection frequency band, specifically, the center frequency and the working bandwidth of each channel in the five-channel intermediate frequency receiver 232 may be scientifically designed according to actual requirements, so as to ensure that the five-channel intermediate frequency receiver 232 can realize controllable layered observation on atmospheric parameters, and the specific configuration of each channel may be as shown in table 2.
Table 2:
| serial number | Center frequency (G Hz) | Bandwidth (M Hz) |
| 1 | 1 83.31 ± 1.0 | ≤ 10500 |
| 2 | 1 83.31 ± 1.8 | ≤ 1000 |
| 3 | 1 83.31 ± 3 .0 | ≤ 1000 |
| 4 | 1 83.31 ± 4 .5 | ≤ 2000 |
| 5 | 1 83.31 ± 7 .0 | ≤ 2000 |
In table 2, the reference number indicates the channel number of the five-channel if receiver 232, one if amplification detection integrator is provided in each channel of the five-channel if receiver 232, the center frequency indicates the frequency at the center of the passband of the if amplification detection integrator of each channel, and the bandwidth indicates the width of the signal spectrum of each channel of the five-channel if receiver 232.
In a preferred embodiment, the second high-frequency signal processing unit 24 performs pre-amplification, square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration on the second high-frequency detection signal to obtain a single-channel first high-frequency window signal.
Specifically, the second high frequency signal processing unit 24 comprises a third receiver front end and a first single channel intermediate frequency receiver 241, wherein the third receiver front end comprises a fourth wideband low noise amplifier 2401 and a third mixer 2402.
Here, the front end of the third receiver pre-amplifies and down-converts the second high frequency detection signal, where the fourth wideband low noise amplifier 2401 pre-amplifies the second high frequency detection signal, and then down-converts the pre-amplified second high frequency detection signal by the third mixer 2402, and the first single-channel if receiver 241 performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration on the second high frequency detection signal after down-conversion to obtain a single-channel first high frequency window area signal, where the first high frequency window area signal is in a 165.5GHz detection band.
165.5GHz detection frequency channel also is the supplementary detection frequency channel in atmosphere window district, adopts the big bandwidth scheme of single channel, further increases the bandwidth to 3000MHz through designing novel wave filter, can further improve receiver sensitivity to the reinforcing is to typhoon, cloud, rainfall's detectability.
In a preferred embodiment, the third high frequency signal processing unit 25 performs pre-amplification, square law detection, low frequency amplification and integration processing on the third high frequency detection signal to split the third high frequency detection signal into multiple high frequency temperature detection signals.
Specifically, the third high frequency signal processing unit 25 includes a fourth receiver front end, a fourth power divider 251 and an eight-channel intermediate frequency receiver 252, where the fourth receiver front end includes a fifth wideband low noise amplifier 2501 and a fourth mixer 2502.
Specifically, the front end of the fourth receiver pre-amplifies and down-converts the third high-frequency detection signal, where the fifth wideband low-noise amplifier 2501 pre-amplifies the third high-frequency detection signal, and then down-converts the pre-amplified third high-frequency detection signal by the fourth mixer 2502, the fourth power divider 251 divides the third high-frequency detection signal after down-conversion into eight-channel intermediate-frequency electromagnetic wave signals, and the eight-channel intermediate-frequency receiver 252 performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration on the eight-channel intermediate-frequency electromagnetic wave signals to output multiple high-frequency temperature detection signals.
In a specific embodiment, each high-frequency temperature detection signal is in a 118GHz detection frequency band, specifically, the center frequency and the working bandwidth of each channel in the eight-channel intermediate frequency receiver 252 may be scientifically designed according to actual requirements, so as to ensure that the eight-channel intermediate frequency receiver 252 can realize controllable layered observation on atmospheric parameters, and the specific configuration of each channel may be as shown in table 3.
In table 3, the reference numeral indicates a channel number of the eight-channel if receiver 252, one if amplification detection integrator is provided in each channel of the eight-channel if receiver 252, the center frequency indicates a frequency at the center of a passband of the if amplification detection integrator of each channel, and the bandwidth indicates a width of a signal spectrum of each channel of the eight-channel if receiver 252.
Table 3:
in a preferred embodiment, the fourth high frequency signal processing unit 26 performs pre-amplification, square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration processing on the fourth high frequency detection signal to obtain a single-channel second high frequency window signal, and specifically, the fourth high frequency signal processing unit 26 includes a fifth receiver front end, the second single-channel intermediate frequency receiver 261, and the fifth receiver front end includes a sixth wideband low noise amplifier 2601 and a fifth mixer 2602.
Specifically, the front end of the fifth receiver pre-amplifies and down-converts the fourth high-frequency detection signal, where the sixth wideband low-noise amplifier 2601 pre-amplifies the fourth high-frequency detection signal, and then down-converts the pre-amplified fourth high-frequency detection signal by the fifth mixer 2602, and the second single-channel if receiver 261 performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration on the down-converted fourth high-frequency detection signal to obtain a single-channel second high-frequency window signal, where the second high-frequency window signal is in the 88GHz detection band, 88GHz is an atmospheric window observation channel, and a single-channel bandwidth scheme is adopted, where the bandwidth is as high as 2000MHz, which can increase the pupil entry power of the channel and greatly improve the receiver sensitivity, thereby enhancing the detection capability for the earth surface, cloud and rainfall.
In another preferred embodiment, the satellite-borne atmosphere detector further includes a first on-satellite real-time calibration unit 51, a second on-satellite real-time calibration unit 52 and a power supply unit 60, wherein the first on-satellite real-time calibration unit 51 includes a first microwave black body (not shown) and a first temperature measurement module (not shown), and the second on-satellite real-time calibration unit 52 includes a second microwave black body (not shown) and a second temperature measurement module (not shown).
In a preferred embodiment, power supply unit 60 performs a primary to secondary power conversion, provides power to other units, and executes remote commands to provide power telemetry output.
S300, the numerical control unit uploads the low-frequency humidity detection signal and the low-frequency window area signal to a satellite platform, and the low-frequency humidity detection signal and the low-frequency window area signal are forwarded to a ground station through the satellite platform to obtain corresponding atmospheric parameters.
Specifically, the numerical control unit 30 mainly functions to generate various control signals required by the operation of the satellite-borne atmosphere detector, so as to control the units of the satellite-borne atmosphere detector to complete the functions of scientific data and auxiliary data acquisition, angle coding and state information reading in the scanning rotating mechanism and the driving control unit 40, temperature data reading, power switch control, driving control of the scanning rotating mechanism and the driving control unit 40, bus communication and the like, and execute all control instructions transmitted by the satellite platform.
In specific implementation, under the driving of the scanning rotation mechanism and the driving control unit 40, the radiation signals received by the antenna unit are converted into low-frequency digital signals through each signal processing unit, then the low-frequency digital signals are acquired and subjected to AD conversion through the numerical control unit 30 to become corresponding voltage signals and are transmitted to the satellite platform, the satellite platform transmits the acquired data back to the ground station for further processing, and finally the data are inverted into atmospheric parameters such as atmospheric temperature, humidity, pressure, precipitation and the like.
The satellite-borne atmosphere detector has the advantages that:
1. after a broadband direct detection scheme is adopted in the 23.8GHz detection frequency band, a mixer is not needed to convert signals down to intermediate frequency, but signals fed in by an antenna are directly subjected to signal processing such as amplification, filtering and detection, so that the signal processing link is simplified, a first-stage duplexer is cancelled, a broadband low-noise amplifier is adopted to improve the signal-to-noise ratio from the source, and the noise temperature can be effectively reduced;
2. through the high integration of 7 detection frequencies and 30 channels of 23.8GHz, 31.4GHz, 50-58GHz, 88GHz, 118GHz, 165.5GHz and 183GHz, the common observation at the same time and at the same visual angle is realized, the frequencies can be mutually corrected, the comprehensive detection of atmospheric parameters and weather phenomena such as atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles, atmospheric water vapor, global sea surface air pressure, rainfall, water content in cloud, heavy rainfall, cloud computing, typhoon and the like can be realized, more abundant atmospheric parameter information can be obtained, and the application effects of weather forecasting and disaster monitoring are improved;
3. the two temperature detection frequency bands of 50-60GHz and 118GHz are used, the high frequency and the low frequency are matched to increase the complementarity of the atmospheric temperature detection of the high layer and the low layer, and the atmospheric pressure detection can be realized at the same time; the two humidity detection frequency bands of 23.8GHz and 183GHz are used simultaneously, and the high-low frequency bands are matched, so that the complementarity of high-layer atmospheric humidity detection and low-layer atmospheric humidity detection is increased, the detection capability of the total amount of water vapor is improved, the 88GHz window area channels and the 165.5GHz window area channels are increased, the total amount of water vapor and the total amount of liquid water are improved, and meanwhile, surface parameters are obtained.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the system and the apparatus described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again. In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, and for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other may be through some communication interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium executable by a processor. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall cover the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The method for measuring the atmospheric parameters of the satellite-borne atmospheric sounding instrument is characterized in that the satellite-borne atmospheric sounding instrument comprises a first antenna unit, a first low-frequency signal processing unit and a numerical control unit,
the atmospheric parameter measuring method comprises the following steps:
the first antenna unit receives the first radiation signal and performs frequency division processing on the received first radiation signal to obtain at least two paths of low-frequency detection signals;
the first low-frequency signal processing unit carries out broadband direct detection processing on a first path of low-frequency detection signals matched with a processing frequency band of the first path of low-frequency detection signals so as to split the first path of low-frequency detection signals into single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signals and single-channel low-frequency window area signals;
the numerical control unit uploads the low-frequency humidity detection signal and the low-frequency window area signal to a satellite platform, and forwards the low-frequency humidity detection signal and the low-frequency window area signal to a ground station through the satellite platform to obtain corresponding atmospheric parameters;
the first low-frequency signal processing unit comprises a first broadband low-noise amplifier, a first power divider, a first multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network and a second multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network,
the first broadband low-noise amplifier pre-amplifies the first path of low-frequency detection signal;
the first power divider divides the pre-amplified first path of low-frequency detection signal into a first low-frequency processing signal and a second low-frequency processing signal;
the first multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network performs stage-by-stage amplification and filtering processing on the first low-frequency processing signal and outputs a single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signal;
and the second multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network is used for amplifying and filtering the second low-frequency processing signal stage by stage and outputting a single-channel low-frequency window area signal.
2. The atmospheric parameter measurement method of claim 1, wherein the satellite-borne atmospheric sounding instrument further includes a second low-frequency signal processing unit, the second low-frequency signal processing unit includes a first receiver front end, a second power divider, and a thirteen-channel intermediate frequency receiver,
the front end of the first receiver pre-amplifies and down-converts the second path of low-frequency detection signals;
the second power divider splits the second path of low-frequency detection signals subjected to the warp direction down-conversion into thirteen-channel medium-frequency electromagnetic wave signals;
the thirteen-channel intermediate frequency receiver performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integral processing on the thirteen-channel intermediate frequency electromagnetic wave signals and outputs a plurality of paths of low-frequency temperature detection signals.
3. The atmospheric parameter measurement method of claim 2, wherein the on-board atmospheric probe further comprises a scanning rotation mechanism and a driving control unit, the first antenna unit comprises a first rotating plane mirror, a first antenna reflection plane, a first polarization separator wire grid, a first feed horn and a second feed horn,
the first rotating plane mirror is driven by the scanning rotating mechanism and the driving control unit to periodically rotate so as to receive the first radiation signal and reflect the first radiation signal to the first antenna reflecting surface;
the first antenna reflecting surface reflects the first radiation signal to the first polarization separator wire grid so as to separate a first path of low-frequency detection signal and a second path of low-frequency detection signal from the first radiation signal through the first polarization separator wire grid, and the first path of low-frequency detection signal and the second path of low-frequency detection signal are respectively reflected to a corresponding first feed source loudspeaker and a corresponding second feed source loudspeaker;
the first feed horn inputs the first path of low-frequency detection signal into the first low-frequency signal processing unit, and the second feed horn inputs the second path of low-frequency detection signal into the second low-frequency signal processing unit.
4. The atmospheric parameter measurement method according to claim 1, characterized in that the satellite-borne atmospheric sounding instrument further includes a second antenna unit, a first high-frequency signal processing unit, a second high-frequency signal processing unit, a third high-frequency signal processing unit, and a fourth high-frequency signal processing unit,
the second antenna unit receives the second radiation signal and performs frequency division processing on the received second radiation signal to obtain at least four paths of high-frequency detection signals;
the first high-frequency signal processing unit is used for carrying out pre-amplification, square law detection, low-frequency amplification and integral processing on the first path of high-frequency detection signal so as to split the first path of high-frequency detection signal into multiple paths of high-frequency humidity detection signals;
the second high-frequency signal processing unit is used for carrying out pre-amplification, square law detection, low-frequency amplification and integral processing on the second path of high-frequency detection signal so as to obtain a single-channel first high-frequency window area signal;
the third high-frequency signal processing unit performs pre-amplification, square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration processing on the third path of high-frequency detection signal so as to split the third path of high-frequency detection signal into multiple paths of high-frequency temperature detection signals;
and the fourth high-frequency signal processing unit is used for carrying out pre-amplification, square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration processing on the fourth high-frequency detection signal so as to obtain a single-channel second high-frequency window area signal.
5. The atmospheric parameter measurement method according to claim 4, wherein the first high-frequency signal processing unit includes a second receiver front end, a third power divider, and a five-channel intermediate frequency receiver, the second high-frequency signal processing unit includes a third receiver front end and a first single-channel intermediate frequency receiver,
the front end of the second receiver pre-amplifies the first path of high-frequency detection signal and performs down-conversion processing;
the third power divider splits the first path of high-frequency detection signal subjected to the warp direction down-conversion into five-channel medium-frequency electromagnetic wave signals;
the five-channel intermediate frequency receiver performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integral processing on the five-channel intermediate frequency electromagnetic wave signals and outputs a plurality of paths of high-frequency humidity detection signals;
the front end of the third receiver pre-amplifies and down-converts the second path of high-frequency detection signal;
and the first single-channel intermediate frequency receiver performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integral processing on the second path of high-frequency detection signals subjected to the down-conversion processing so as to obtain a single-channel first high-frequency window area signal.
6. The atmospheric parameter measurement method of claim 5, wherein the third high-frequency signal processing unit includes a fourth receiver front end, a fourth power divider, and an eight-channel IF receiver, the fourth high-frequency signal processing unit includes a fifth receiver front end, a second single-channel IF receiver,
the front end of the fourth receiver pre-amplifies and down-converts the third path of high-frequency detection signal;
the fourth power divider splits the third path of high-frequency detection signal subjected to the warp direction down-conversion treatment into eight-channel medium-frequency electromagnetic wave signals;
the eight-channel intermediate frequency receiver performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integral processing on the eight-channel intermediate frequency electromagnetic wave signals and outputs a plurality of paths of high-frequency temperature detection signals;
the front end of the fifth receiver pre-amplifies the fourth path of high-frequency detection signal and performs down-conversion processing;
and the second single-channel intermediate frequency receiver performs square-law detection, low-frequency amplification and integration processing on the fourth path of high-frequency detection signals subjected to the radial down-conversion processing to obtain a single-channel second high-frequency window area signal.
7. The atmospheric parameter measurement method of claim 6, wherein the second antenna unit includes a second rotating plane mirror, a second antenna reflection plane, a second polarization separator wire grid, third and fourth feed horns, a first frequency-dividing component and a second frequency-dividing component,
the second rotating plane mirror is driven by the scanning rotating mechanism and the driving control unit to periodically rotate so as to receive the second radiation signal and reflect the second radiation signal to the second antenna reflecting surface;
the second antenna reflecting surface reflects the second radiation signal to the second polarization separator wire grid so as to separate a first path of high-frequency polarization signal and a second path of high-frequency polarization signal from the second radiation signal through the second polarization separator wire grid, and the first path of high-frequency polarization signal and the second path of high-frequency polarization signal are respectively reflected to a corresponding third feed source loudspeaker and a corresponding fourth feed source loudspeaker;
the third feed horn inputs the first path of high-frequency polarization signal into the first frequency-dividing assembly so that the first frequency-dividing assembly divides the first path of high-frequency polarization signal into a first path of high-frequency detection signal and a second path of high-frequency detection signal;
and the fourth feed horn inputs the second path of high-frequency polarization signal into the second frequency division component, so that the second frequency division component splits the second path of high-frequency polarization signal into a third path of high-frequency detection signal and a fourth path of high-frequency detection signal.
8. The satellite-borne atmosphere detector is characterized by comprising a first antenna unit, a first low-frequency signal processing unit and a numerical control unit, wherein the first antenna unit, the first low-frequency signal processing unit and the numerical control unit are connected in series,
the first antenna unit is used for receiving the first radiation signal and performing frequency division processing on the received first radiation signal to obtain at least two paths of low-frequency detection signals;
the first low-frequency signal processing unit is used for carrying out broadband direct detection processing on a first path of low-frequency detection signal matched with a processing frequency band of the first low-frequency signal processing unit so as to split the matched first path of low-frequency detection signal into a single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signal and a single-channel low-frequency window area signal;
the numerical control unit is used for uploading the low-frequency humidity detection signal and the low-frequency window area signal to a satellite platform and forwarding the signals to a ground station through the satellite platform to obtain corresponding atmospheric parameters;
the first low-frequency signal processing unit comprises a first broadband low-noise amplifier, a first power divider, a first multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network and a second multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network,
the first broadband low-noise amplifier is used for pre-amplifying the first path of low-frequency detection signal;
the first power divider is used for dividing the pre-amplified first path of low-frequency detection signal into a first low-frequency processing signal and a second low-frequency processing signal;
the first multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network is used for amplifying and filtering the first low-frequency processing signal stage by stage and outputting a single-channel low-frequency humidity detection signal;
and the second multistage band-pass filtering and amplifying network is used for amplifying and filtering the second low-frequency processing signal stage by stage and outputting a single-channel low-frequency window area signal.
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