CN114993900A - Diffusion charging device, diffusion charging system and diffusion charging method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a diffusion charging device, a diffusion charging system and a diffusion charging method. The diffusion charging device comprises a charging shell and a separator; the separator is arranged in the charging shell to sequentially separate an inner cavity of the charging shell into an inner rotational flow chamber and an outer rotational flow chamber which are communicated from inside to outside, and fluid in the outer rotational flow chamber can drive the fluid in the inner rotational flow chamber to rise in a reciprocating manner; the charging shell is provided with a first inlet and an outlet, the first inlet is used for communicating the outer cyclone chamber with an external sheath airflow pipeline, the outlet is communicated with the inner cyclone chamber and the outer cyclone chamber, the partition is provided with a second inlet and a third inlet, the second inlet is used for communicating the inner cyclone chamber with an external gas ion pipeline, and the third inlet is used for communicating the inner cyclone chamber with an external particle flow pipeline. The diffusion charging device has the characteristics of high charging efficiency and capability of reducing the wall collision loss of charged particles.

Description

Diffusion charging device, diffusion charging system and diffusion charging method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of diffusion charging, in particular to a diffusion charging device, a diffusion charging system and a diffusion charging method.

Background

Low-cost, wide-range, accurate real-time measurement of aerosol nanoparticles has been an important research target in subject fields including energy, environment, chemical industry and the like, and thus various measurement methods including an elastic scattering signal measurement method, a raman scattering signal measurement method, an electrostatic method, a laser induction method and the like have been developed. Among them, the electrostatic method based on the charging of nanoparticles is a simple, effective and many-times proven method, such as the charged particle impactor widely used in the field of aerosol at present, i.e. the typical electrostatic measurement method.

However, with the deep cross application of nanoparticles in multiple fields, especially in the field of flame synthesis of nano-powder, it is of great significance to develop a real-time measurement charger with higher precision and higher performance. The conventional diffusion charge device is mainly characterized in that ion generation and particle charging occur in the same region, so that the improvement of the performance of the charge device has a non-negligible contradiction: on one hand, the field intensity is increased or the particle retention time is increased, so that the charge can be strengthened, and the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved; on the other hand, the particle deposition can be caused no matter the field intensity or the residence time is adjusted, and the performance of the diffusion charge device is severely restricted. The configuration arrangement based on ion-particle impact can improve the problems to a certain extent, and the configuration arrangement is already applied to a nanoparticle surface area monitor and an electrostatic aerosol detector, but the charge efficiency of nano-scale particles is still weak, so that the signal-to-noise ratio of the instrument is low, and the instrument is difficult to expand to various application occasions.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, it is necessary to provide a diffusion charging device, a diffusion charging system and a diffusion charging method for solving the problem of low charging efficiency of a nanoparticle surface area monitor and an electrostatic aerosol detector.

A diffusion charging device comprising: a charge housing and a separator;

the separator is arranged in the charging shell to sequentially separate an inner cavity of the charging shell into an inner cyclone chamber and an outer cyclone chamber which are communicated from inside to outside, and fluid in the outer cyclone chamber can drive the fluid in the inner cyclone chamber to rise in a reciprocating manner;

the device comprises a charging shell, and is characterized in that a first inlet and an outlet are arranged on the charging shell, the first inlet is used for communicating an outer cyclone chamber with an external sheath airflow pipeline, the outlet is communicated with an inner cyclone chamber and an outer cyclone chamber, a second inlet and a third inlet are arranged on a separator, the second inlet is used for communicating the inner cyclone chamber with an external gas ion pipeline, and the third inlet is used for communicating the inner cyclone chamber with an external particle flow pipeline.

In one embodiment, the separator comprises a columnar grid mesh and a plurality of rotary sheets, and the rotary sheets are arranged on the outer wall of the grid mesh at intervals along the circumferential direction of the grid mesh.

In one embodiment, the inner wall of the grid is externally connected with a preset voltage through an electric conduction loop, and the outer wall of the grid is provided with an insulating layer.

In one embodiment, the second inlet and the third inlet are disposed at the same height of the partition, the first inlet and the second inlet are sequentially distributed along a fluid flow direction in the outer cyclone chamber, and the first inlet, the second inlet and the third inlet are uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction in a radial cross-sectional projection direction of the charging housing.

In one embodiment, the second inlets and the third inlets are distributed in a staggered manner along the circumferential direction of the partition, and a connecting line between each two corresponding second inlets and each two corresponding third inlets intersects with the center of the cross section of the charging housing.

In one embodiment, the inner wall of the outlet is in a streamline structure;

wherein the inner wall of the outlet comprises: the first arc-shaped section, the inclined section, the second arc-shaped section and the vertical section are connected in a smooth transition mode in sequence along the flowing direction of fluid in the outer rotational flow chamber, wherein the first arc-shaped section protrudes towards the axis of the charging shell in a back-to-back mode, and the second arc-shaped section protrudes towards the axis of the charging shell.

A diffusion charging system, comprising: the device comprises an aerosol sampling pipeline, a sheath airflow pipeline, a gas ion pipeline, a particle flow pipeline and the diffusion charging device;

an inlet of the sheath airflow pipeline is communicated with the aerosol sampling pipeline, and an outlet of the sheath airflow pipeline is communicated with the first inlet of the charging shell;

an inlet of the gas ion pipeline is communicated with the aerosol sampling pipeline, and an outlet of the gas ion pipeline penetrates through the charging shell to be communicated with a second inlet of the separator;

the inlet of the particle flow pipeline is communicated with the aerosol sampling pipeline, and the outlet of the gas ion pipeline penetrates through the charging shell to be communicated with the third inlet of the separator.

In one embodiment, a first flow dividing valve and a first particle filter are sequentially arranged on the sheath airflow pipeline along the flow direction of the fluid;

a second flow dividing valve, a second particle filter and a discharger are sequentially arranged on the gas ion pipeline along the fluid flowing direction;

and a third shunt valve is arranged on the particle flow pipeline.

In one embodiment, the number of the sheath gas flow pipelines, the number of the gas ion pipelines and the number of the particle flow pipelines are all multiple, the sheath gas flow pipelines are communicated with the corresponding first inlets, the number of the gas ion pipelines are communicated with the corresponding second inlets, and the number of the particle flow pipelines are communicated with the corresponding third inlets.

A diffusion charging method using the diffusion charging device according to any one of the above, the diffusion charging method comprising:

the method comprises the steps that sheath airflow enters an outer rotational flow chamber of a charging shell from a first inlet of the charging shell to form an outer rotational flow, and gas ions and particle flow enter an inner rotational flow chamber of the charging shell from a second inlet and a third inlet of a separator to form an inner rotational flow, wherein the outer rotational flow drives the inner rotational flow to ascend in a reciprocating mode in the ascending process to enable particles in the inner rotational flow to be charged.

The diffusion charging device, the diffusion charging system and the diffusion charging method are characterized in that the inner cavity of the charging shell can be sequentially divided into an inner cyclone chamber and an outer cyclone chamber which are communicated by a separator from inside to outside, the charging shell is provided with a first inlet for communicating an external sheath airflow pipeline with the outer cyclone chamber, the separator is provided with a second inlet for communicating an external gas ion pipeline with the inner cyclone chamber and a third inlet for communicating an external particle flow pipeline with the inner cyclone chamber, then the sheath airflow in the external sheath airflow pipeline can enter the outer cyclone chamber of the charging shell from the first inlet of the charging shell to form an outer cyclone, and the gas ions in the external gas ion pipeline and the particle flow in the external particle flow pipeline can respectively enter the inner cyclone chamber of the charging shell from the second inlet and the third inlet of the separator to form an inner cyclone, the outer rotational flow can drive the inner rotational flow to rise in a reciprocating mode in the rising process to enable particle flow to be charged efficiently, meanwhile, the diffusion deposition of the particle flow in the radial direction can be reduced, wherein the uniform mixing degree of gas ions and particle flow between the gas ions and the particles can be disturbed and enhanced when the inner rotational flow is carried out in the inner rotational flow chamber, the important promotion effect on the improvement of the particle charge amount is achieved, the ion generation area and the particle charging area are separated, and the problem that the particles are deposited seriously due to the fact that the electric field intensity is increased or the retention time is prolonged in a conventional charging device is solved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a top view of a diffusion charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross section in the direction a-a of the diffusion charging device shown in fig. 1;

fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the diffusion charging device shown in fig. 1 in a direction a-a;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a separator of a diffusion charging device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the diffusion charging device shown in fig. 3 in the direction C-C;

fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the diffusion charging device shown in fig. 3 in a direction D-D;

fig. 7 is a top view of a diffusion charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein reference numerals in the drawings are illustrated as follows:

10. a diffusion charging device; 100. a charged housing; 100a, an inner swirl chamber; 100b, an outer swirl chamber; 110. a first inlet; 120. an outlet; 121. a first arcuate segment; 122. an inclined section; 123. a second arcuate segment; 124. a vertical section; 200. a separator; 210. a second inlet; 220. a third inlet; 230. a grid mesh; 240. rotating the sheet; 300. an electrically conductive loop; 400. an insulating base; 500. an insulating support ring; 600. a wall bushing; 700. a housing; 20. a sheath gas flow line; 20a, a first diverter valve; 20b, a first particulate filter; 30. a gas ion line; 30a, a second flow dividing valve; 30b, a second particulate filter; 30c, a corona discharger; 40. a particle flow line; 40a, a third diverter valve; 50. an aerosol sampling line; 60. a first branch; 60a, a fourth diverter valve; 70. a second branch circuit; 70a and a fifth flow dividing valve.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a diffusion charging device 10, where the diffusion charging device 10 includes: a charge case 100 and a separator 200; the separator 200 is arranged in the charging housing 100 to sequentially separate an inner cavity of the charging housing 100 into an inner cyclone chamber 100a and an outer cyclone chamber 100b which are communicated with each other from inside to outside, wherein fluid in the outer cyclone chamber 100b can drive the fluid in the inner cyclone chamber 100a to rise in a reciprocating manner; the charging housing 100 is provided with a first inlet 110 and an outlet 120, the first inlet 110 is used for communicating the outer cyclone chamber 100b with the external sheath airflow pipeline 20, the outlet 120 is communicated with the inner and outer cyclone chambers, the partition 200 is provided with a second inlet 210 and a third inlet 220, the second inlet 210 is used for communicating the inner cyclone chamber 100a with the external gas ion pipeline 30, and the third inlet 220 is used for communicating the inner cyclone chamber 100a with the external particle flow pipeline 40.

It should be noted that the sheath gas flow line 20 is used for transporting pure gas (i.e., sheath gas), the gas ion line 30 is used for transporting charged gas ions, and the particle flow line 40 is used for transporting nanoparticles. As for the installation manner of the inlets of the sheath gas flow line 20, the gas ion line 30, and the particle flow line 40 corresponding to the diffusion charging device 10, as shown in fig. 2, the installation manner may be performed by a wall bushing 600.

As an example, as shown in fig. 2, the diffusion charging device 10 further includes a housing 700 covering the charging housing 100. The housing 700 serves to protect the charging housing 100. The contour of the housing 700 may be the same as that of the charge housing 100.

As described above in the diffusion charging device 10, the partition 200 may sequentially partition the inner cavity of the charging housing 100 into the inner cyclone chamber 100a and the outer cyclone chamber 100b which are communicated with each other from inside to outside, and the charging housing 100 is provided with the first inlet 110 for communicating the external sheath airflow pipeline 20 with the outer cyclone chamber 100b, the partition 200 is provided with the second inlet 210 for communicating the external gas ion pipeline 30 with the inner cyclone chamber 100a and the third inlet 220 for communicating the external particle flow pipeline 40 with the inner cyclone chamber 100a, so that the sheath airflow in the external sheath airflow pipeline 20 may enter the outer cyclone chamber 100b of the charging housing 100 from the first inlet 110 of the charging housing 100 to form an outer cyclone, and the gas ions in the external gas ion pipeline 30 and the particle flow in the external particle flow pipeline 40 may respectively enter the second inlet 210, the third inlet 220, and the third inlet 220 of the partition 200, The third inlet 220 enters the inner cyclone chamber 100a of the charging housing 100 to form an inner cyclone, and the outer cyclone can drive the inner cyclone to rise in a reciprocating manner in the rising process to enable the particle flow to be charged efficiently and simultaneously reduce the diffusion and deposition of the particle flow in the radial direction, wherein the uniform mixing degree of the gas ions and the particle flow can be disturbed and strengthened when the inner cyclone chamber 100a flows in an inner cyclone manner, so that the charging quantity of the particles is promoted, the ion generation region is separated from the particle charging region, and the problem that the particles are deposited seriously due to the fact that the electric field intensity is increased or the residence time is prolonged in a conventional charging device is solved.

As shown in fig. 4 to 6, in some embodiments of the present invention, the separator 200 includes a cylindrical grid 230 and a plurality of coils 240, and the plurality of coils 240 are disposed on an outer wall of the grid 230 at intervals in a circumferential direction of the grid 230. The plurality of spiral pieces 240 can enable the sheath gas to better form a spiral flow in the ascending process in the outer spiral flow chamber 100b, so that the gas ions and the nano particles can be driven to spirally ascend in the inner spiral flow chamber 100a, the total range of the motion path of the nano particles is increased, the contact time of the nano particles and the gas ions is prolonged, and the unipolar diffusion charge of the nano particles is effectively enhanced.

Regarding the arrangement of the grid 230 and the spiral pieces 240, as an example, the grid 230 and the spiral pieces 240 are coaxially distributed with the charging housing 100 to form a stable flow field. Here, referring to fig. 6, the central angle γ of the spiral piece 240 may be set to 25 ° to 35 °, for example, 25 °, 26 °, 27 °, 28 °, 29 °, 30 °, 31 °, 32 °, 33 °, 34 °, 35 °, and the like, and the setting of the central angle may ensure that the sheath gas forms a swirl better during the rising in the outer swirl chamber 100 b. In addition, with respect to the number of the spiral pieces 240, the embodiment of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the spiral flow can be effectively formed in the process of the sheath gas ascending in the outer spiral flow chamber 100b, and illustratively, 4 spiral pieces 240 are uniformly provided in the circumferential direction of the grid 230.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the inner wall of the grid 230 is externally connected to a voltage of a predetermined magnitude by an electrically conductive loop 300. Thus, gas ions and charged particles are repelled from diffusing toward the grid 230, preventing deposition and also preventing corona discharge. The inner wall of the grid 230 may be externally connected with a voltage of 200V to 500V (e.g., 200V, 250V, 300V, 350V, 400V, 450V, 500V, etc.).

Based on the above-mentioned charging of the inner wall of the grid 230, in some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the bottom of the grid 230 is mounted on the bottom of the charging housing 100 through an insulating base 400, and an insulating support ring 500 is disposed at the connection between the grid 230 and the electrically conductive loop 300. Through the insulating base 400 and the insulating support ring 500, the grid 230 and the electrically conductive loop 300 can be installed, the grid 230 can be prevented from being electrified to the charge shell 100, and the reliability of the device is ensured.

As to the distribution position and structure of the electrically conductive loops 300, as an example, the pieces of the electrically conductive loops 300 are disposed on the top of the grid 230 and are uniformly spaced along the circumference of the grid 230 (see fig. 6). The electrically conductive loop 300 in such a distribution manner can ensure that the sheath gas in the outer swirling chamber 100b flows out from the outlet 120 of the charging housing 100; the electrically conductive loop 300 may include a branch tube made of an insulating material and an electric wire disposed in the branch tube, and one end of the electric wire is fixed on the top of the grid 230 through the branch tube. Regarding the installation manner of the grid 230 and the insulating base 400, as an example, the bottom of the grid 230 may be installed on the insulating base 400 by interference fit or the like.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the mesh 230 is provided with an insulating layer. Due to the arrangement of the insulating layer, an equipotential space is formed in an annular region between the grid 230 and the charging shell 100, any possible gas polarization and ionization phenomena are avoided, and the reliability of the device is improved to the maximum extent.

As for the material and the arrangement of the insulating layer, the insulating layer may be made of Al as an example ₂ O ₃ And may be disposed on the outer wall of the grill 230 by coating.

As shown in fig. 2, in some embodiments of the present invention, the second inlet 210 and the third inlet 220 are disposed at the same height of the partition 200, the first inlet 110 and the second inlet 210 are sequentially distributed along the fluid flow direction in the outer cyclone chamber 100b, and the first inlet 110, the second inlet 210 and the third inlet 220 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction in the radial cross-sectional projection direction of the charging housing 100. The first inlet 110 is located below the second inlet 210 and the third inlet 220, so that a rotational flow is formed in the outer rotational flow chamber 100b of the charging housing 100 first, and a stable rotational flow is formed in the inner rotational flow chamber 100a through the cooperation of the positional relationship between the first inlet 210 and the third inlet 220.

Regarding the number of the first inlet 110, the second inlet 210, and the third inlet 220, as an example, the number of the first inlet 110 is 4, and the number of the second inlet 210 and the third inlet 220 is 2.

Specifically, an included angle between a line between the first inlet 110 and the center of the cross section of the charge housing 100 and an axis of the first inlet 110 is 20 ° to 50 ° (for example, 20 °, 30 °, 40 °, 50 °, and the like); an included angle between a connecting line between the second inlet 210 and the center of the cross section of the charging housing 100 and the axis of the second inlet 210 is 20 degrees to 50 degrees (for example, 20 degrees, 30 degrees, 40 degrees, 50 degrees, and the like); an included angle between a connecting line between the third inlet 220 and the center of the cross section of the charging housing 100 and the axis of the third inlet 220 is 20 degrees to 50 degrees (for example, 20 degrees, 30 degrees, 40 degrees, 50 degrees, etc.). So set up above-mentioned contained angle, can guarantee that interior, outer whirl chamber forms the whirl better.

Further, as shown in fig. 1, in some embodiments of the present invention, the second inlets 210 and the third inlets 220 are staggered along the circumferential direction of the partition 200, and a connecting line between the two corresponding second inlets 210 and two corresponding third inlets 220 intersects with the center of the cross-section of the charging housing 100. The positional relationship between the second inlet 210 and the third inlet 220 is set in this way, so that the gas ions and the nanoparticles are matched to form a tangential inner cyclone in the inner cyclone chamber 100a, the particles and the gas ions are relatively concentrated near the central axis of the inner cyclone chamber 100a, and the diffusion loss of the nanoparticles is effectively reduced; meanwhile, the mixing degree of the gas ions and the nano particles is improved, the particle charging time in the absence of an external electric field is prolonged, the charging efficiency is enhanced, and the potential of the diffusion charging device 10 is released to the maximum extent.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the inner wall of the outlet 120 of the charging housing 100 is in a streamlined configuration. The inner wall of the outlet 120 of the structure can reduce the collision and deposition of the charged particles near the position of the outlet 120, further reduce the loss of the charged particles and enhance the strength of the detection signal of the diffusion charging device 10.

It should be noted that the streamline structure refers to an object structure with a smooth surface and a smooth line, and this shape can reduce the resistance when the fluid flows along the surface of the object structure.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the inner wall of the outlet 120 of the electric housing includes: the first arc-shaped section 121, the inclined section 122, the second arc-shaped section 123 and the vertical section 124 are connected in sequence in a smooth transition mode along the flowing direction of the fluid in the outer cyclone chamber 100b, wherein the first arc-shaped section 121 protrudes away from the axis of the charging shell 100, and the second arc-shaped section 123 protrudes towards the axis of the charging shell 100. The outlet 120 of the structure is convenient for processing and production and is also convenient for guiding the trend of the airflow.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 3, the central angle α of the first arc-shaped segment 121 is 45 ° to 60 °, for example, may be set to 45 °, 50 °, 55 °, 60 °, and so on; the central angle β of the second arc-shaped segment 123 is 40 ° to 50 °, and may be set to 40 °, 42 °, 44 °, 46 °, 48 °, 50 °, or the like, for example. The angle is set from the fluid dynamic point of view, and the trend of the airflow is better guided.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the distance H1 between the electrically conductive loop 300 and the charge housing 100 is greater than or equal to 2.5 times the outer diameter L1 of the grid 230 and less than or equal to 5 times the outer diameter L1 of the grid 230, the distance H1 between the electrically conductive loop 300 and the outlet 120 of the charge housing 100 is greater than or equal to 0.5 times the outer diameter L1 of the grid 230 and less than or equal to L1 of the grid 230, and the outer diameter L2 of the charge housing 100 is greater than or equal to 1.2 times the outer diameter L1 of the grid 230 and less than or equal to 1.8 times the outer diameter L1 of the grid 230. According to the arrangement, the normal operation of the diffusion charging device is ensured according to the production principle.

In another aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a diffusion charging system, as shown in fig. 7, including: an aerosol sampling pipeline 50, a sheath airflow pipeline 20, a gas ion pipeline 30, a particle flow pipeline 40 and any one of the diffusion charging device 10; the inlet of the sheath airflow pipeline 20 is communicated with the aerosol sampling pipeline 50, and the outlet 120 of the sheath airflow pipeline 20 is communicated with the first inlet 110 of the charging shell 100; the inlet of the gas ion pipeline 30 is communicated with the aerosol sampling pipeline 50, and the outlet 120 of the gas ion pipeline 30 passes through the charging shell 100 to be communicated with the second inlet 210 of the separator 200; the inlet of the particle flow line 40 communicates with the aerosol sampling line 50 and the outlet 120 of the gas ion line 30 communicates with the third inlet 220 of the partition 200 through the charging housing 100.

As described above, in the diffusion charging system, the partition 200 of the diffusion charging device 10 may sequentially partition the inner cavity of the charging housing 100 into the inner cyclone chamber 100a and the outer cyclone chamber 100b which are communicated with each other from inside to outside, and the charging housing 100 is provided with the first inlet 110 for communicating the external sheath airflow pipeline 20 with the outer cyclone chamber 100b, the partition 200 is provided with the second inlet 210 for communicating the external gas ion pipeline 30 with the inner cyclone chamber 100a and the third inlet 220 for communicating the external particle flow pipeline 40 with the inner cyclone chamber 100a, so that the sheath airflow in the external sheath airflow pipeline 20 may enter the outer cyclone chamber 100b of the charging housing 100 from the first inlet 110 of the charging housing 100 to form an outer cyclone, and the gas ions in the external gas ion pipeline 30 and the particle flow in the external particle flow pipeline 40 may be respectively formed by the second inlets 210, the third inlets 220, and the third inlets of the partition 200, The third inlet 220 enters the inner cyclone chamber 100a of the charging housing 100 to form an inner cyclone, and the outer cyclone can drive the inner cyclone to rise in a reciprocating manner in the rising process to enable the particle flow to be charged efficiently and simultaneously reduce the diffusion and deposition of the particle flow in the radial direction, wherein the uniform mixing degree of the gas ions and the particle flow can be disturbed and strengthened when the inner cyclone chamber 100a flows in an inner cyclone manner, so that the charging quantity of the particles is promoted, the ion generation region is separated from the particle charging region, and the problem that the particles are deposited seriously due to the fact that the electric field intensity is increased or the residence time is prolonged in a conventional charging device is solved.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, a first diverter valve 20a, a first particle filter 20b are sequentially disposed on the sheath airflow pipeline 20 in the fluid flow direction; a second shunt valve 30a, a second particle filter 30b and a discharger 30c are sequentially arranged on the gas ion pipeline 30 along the flowing direction of the fluid; a third diverter valve 40a is provided in the particle flow line 40. The first flow dividing valve 20a, the second flow dividing valve 30a and the third flow dividing valve 40a can respectively and accurately control the fluid flow of each pipeline, so that a rotational flow is formed in the outer rotational flow chamber 100b in the charging shell 100, and a rotational flow environment is caused while the loss of nanoparticles colliding with the wall is avoided. It should be noted that the first particle filter 20b and the second particle filter 30b are used for filtering particles in the aerosol sampling pipeline 50, and the discharger 30c is used for charging the gas in the aerosol sampling pipeline 50, i.e. forming an ion gas.

Regarding the kind of the flow dividing valve, as an example, the flow dividing valve may be a flow dividing orifice valve.

As to the types of the first and second particulate filters 20b and 30b, as an example, both the first and second particulate filters 20b and 30b may be HEPA (High Efficiency air Filter). The particle filter has the characteristic of high filtering efficiency.

Regarding the kind of discharger 30c, as an example, the discharger 30c may be a needle-tube type positive corona discharger. Wherein, optionally, the discharge voltage of the needle-tube type positive electrode corona discharger is 2.5 kV-5 kV (for example, may be 2.5kV, 3kV, 3.5kV, 4kV, 4.5kV, 5kV, etc.), the material of the needle tip of the needle-tube type positive electrode corona discharger is tungsten, and the minimum diameter of the needle tip of the needle-tube type positive electrode corona discharger is 50 μm (for example, may be 50 μm, 55 μm, 65 μm, 70 μm, etc.). By arranging the discharger 30c, a high-concentration ion current can be formed, the path length of the ion current entering the charging shell 100 is limited, the collision probability of particles and gas ions in the multi-cyclone charging main cavity is improved, and the charging efficiency is increased. Optionally, the assembly length between the arrester 30c and the second inlet 210 is less than or equal to 50mm (e.g. 50mm, 45mm, 40mm, 35m, 30mm, etc.). So set up, can reduce the loss of gaseous ion.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 7, the number of the sheath gas flow pipeline 20, the number of the gas ion pipeline 30, and the number of the particle flow pipeline 40 are all plural, and the sheath gas flow pipeline 20 is communicated with the corresponding first inlet 110, the number of the gas ion pipeline 30 is communicated with the corresponding second inlet 210, and the number of the particle flow pipeline 40 is communicated with the corresponding third inlet 220. When the aerosol sampling concentration is in the measurement high limit, all pipelines connected with the inner and outer cyclone chambers are used simultaneously, so that the charge and the measurement limit can be improved; when the aerosol sampling concentration is in the measurement low limit, only one of the gas ion pipelines 30 and one of the particle flow pipelines 40 are selectively opened, and the other gas ion pipelines 30 and the particle flow pipelines 40 are closed, so that the sensitivity of the detection signal can be improved.

Regarding the number of the sheath gas flow lines 20, the gas ion lines 30, and the particle flow lines 40, as an example, the number of the sheath gas flow lines 20 may be 4, and the number of the gas ion lines 30 and the particle flow lines 40 may be 2.

Optionally, the ratio of the total fluid flow of the gas ion line 30 to the total fluid flow of the particle flow line 40 is (1-2.5): 1, for example, may be 1:1, 1.5:1, 2:1, 2.5:1, etc. By the arrangement, the charging efficiency can be ensured.

Further, in some embodiments of the present invention, the diffusion charging system further comprises: first branch 60, second branch 70, first branch 60 communicate between sheath airflow pipeline 20 and aerosol sampling pipeline 50 and be provided with fourth shunt valve 60a on first branch 60, second branch 70 communicates between granule flow pipeline 40 and aerosol sampling pipeline 50 and is provided with fifth shunt valve 70a on second branch 70. By cooperation of the fourth and fifth diverter valves 60a, 70a, the fluid flow in each line can be further precisely controlled.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a diffusion charging method using the diffusion charging device according to any one of the above aspects, the diffusion charging method including: the sheath gas flow enters the outer cyclone chamber 100b of the charging housing 100 from the first inlet 110 of the charging housing 100 to form an outer cyclone, and the gas ions and the particle flow enter the inner cyclone chamber 100a of the charging housing 100 from the second inlet 210 and the third inlet 220 of the partition 200 to form an inner cyclone, wherein the outer cyclone drives the inner cyclone to ascend in a reciprocating manner in the ascending process to charge the particles in the inner cyclone.

According to the diffusion charging method, the outer rotational flow can drive the inner rotational flow to ascend in a reciprocating mode in the ascending process to enable the particle flow to be charged efficiently and also can reduce diffusion deposition of the particle flow in the radial direction, the ion flow and the particle flow can disturb and strengthen the uniform mixing degree of ions and particles when the inner rotational flow is carried out in the inner rotational flow chamber 100a, the particle charging quantity is promoted significantly, the ion generating area and the particle charging area are separated, and the problem that the particles are deposited seriously due to the fact that the electric field intensity is increased or the staying time is prolonged in a conventional charging device is solved.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A diffusion charging device, comprising: a charging case (100) and a separator (200);

the separator (200) is arranged in the charging shell (100) to sequentially separate an inner cavity of the charging shell (100) into an inner cyclone chamber (100a) and an outer cyclone chamber (100b) which are communicated from inside to outside, and fluid in the outer cyclone chamber (100b) can drive the fluid in the inner cyclone chamber (100a) to rise in a reciprocating manner;

the charging device is characterized in that a first inlet (110) and an outlet (120) are arranged on the charging shell (100), the first inlet (110) is used for communicating the outer cyclone chamber (100b) with an external sheath airflow pipeline (20), the outlet (120) is communicated with the inner cyclone chamber and the outer cyclone chamber, a second inlet (210) and a third inlet (220) are arranged on the partition (200), the second inlet (210) is used for communicating the inner cyclone chamber (100a) with an external gas ion pipeline (30), and the third inlet (220) is used for communicating the inner cyclone chamber (100a) with an external particle flow pipeline (40).

2. The diffusion charging device according to claim 1, wherein the separator (200) comprises a cylindrical grid (230) and a plurality of spiral pieces (240), and the plurality of spiral pieces (240) are arranged on the outer wall of the grid (230) at intervals along the circumferential direction of the grid (230).

3. The diffusion charging device according to claim 2, wherein the inner wall of the grid (230) is externally connected with a voltage of a preset magnitude through an electrically conductive loop (300), and the outer wall of the grid (230) is provided with an insulating layer.

4. The diffusion charging device according to claim 1, wherein the second inlet (210) and the third inlet (220) are disposed at the same height of the partition (200), the first inlet (110) and the second inlet (210) are sequentially distributed along a fluid flow direction in the outer cyclone chamber (100b), and the first inlet (110), the second inlet (210) and the third inlet (220) are uniformly distributed along a circumferential direction in a radial cross-sectional projection direction of the charging housing (100).

5. The diffusion charging device according to claim 4, wherein the second inlets (210) and the third inlets (220) are distributed in a staggered manner along the circumferential direction of the partition (200), and a connecting line between each corresponding two second inlets (210) and each corresponding two third inlets (220) intersects with the center of the cross section of the charging housing (100).

6. The diffusion charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inner wall of the outlet (120) is of a streamlined structure;

wherein the inner wall of the outlet (120) comprises: the first arc-shaped section (121), the inclined section (122), the second arc-shaped section (123) and the vertical section (124) are connected in a smooth transition mode in sequence along the flowing direction of fluid in the inner cyclone chamber (100a), wherein the first arc-shaped section (121) protrudes away from the axis of the charging shell (100), and the second arc-shaped section (123) protrudes towards the axis of the charging shell (100).

7. A diffusion charging system, comprising: an aerosol sampling line (50), a sheath gas flow line (20), a gas ion line (30), a particle flow line (40) and a diffusion charging apparatus (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6;

the inlet of the sheath airflow pipeline (20) is communicated with the aerosol sampling pipeline (50), and the outlet (120) of the sheath airflow pipeline (20) is communicated with the first inlet (110) of the charging shell (100);

the inlet of the gas ion pipeline (30) is communicated with the aerosol sampling pipeline (50), and the outlet (120) of the gas ion pipeline (30) is communicated with the second inlet (210) of the separator (200) through the charging shell (100);

the inlet of the particle flow pipeline (40) is communicated with the aerosol sampling pipeline (50), and the outlet (120) of the gas ion pipeline (30) passes through the charging shell (100) to be communicated with the third inlet (220) of the separator (200).

8. The diffusion charging system according to claim 7, wherein a first flow dividing valve (20a) and a first particle filter (20b) are arranged on the sheath gas flow pipeline (20) in sequence along a fluid flow direction;

a second shunt valve (30a), a second particle filter (30b) and a discharger (30c) are sequentially arranged on the gas ion pipeline (30) along the flowing direction of the fluid;

a third diverter valve (40a) is arranged on the particle flow pipeline (40).

9. The diffusion charge system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the number of the sheath gas flow line (20), the number of the gas ion line (30) and the number of the particle flow line (40) are all plural, and the sheath gas flow line (20) communicates with the corresponding first inlet (110), the number of the gas ion line (30) communicates with the corresponding second inlet (210), and the number of the particle flow line (40) communicates with the corresponding third inlet (220).

10. A diffusion charging method using the diffusion charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:

the method comprises the steps of enabling a sheath gas flow to enter an outer cyclone chamber (100b) of a charging shell (100) from a first inlet (110) of the charging shell (100) to form an outer cyclone, enabling gas ions and particle flows to enter an inner cyclone chamber (100a) of the charging shell (100) from a second inlet (210) and a third inlet (220) of a partition (200) respectively to form an inner cyclone, and enabling particles in the inner cyclone to be charged by driving the inner cyclone to ascend in a reciprocating mode through the outer cyclone in the ascending process.

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