CN114993571B - Device for evaluating effective sealing section of cement sheath under alternating internal pressure - Google Patents
Device for evaluating effective sealing section of cement sheath under alternating internal pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114993571B CN114993571B CN202210661640.1A CN202210661640A CN114993571B CN 114993571 B CN114993571 B CN 114993571B CN 202210661640 A CN202210661640 A CN 202210661640A CN 114993571 B CN114993571 B CN 114993571B
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- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an evaluation device for an effective sealing section of an alternating internal pressure cement ring, which comprises a bottom cover, an outer cylinder, a sleeve top cover and a strain gauge, wherein the bottom cover is in a round groove shape with an upward notch, the lower end of the outer cylinder is in sealing connection with the notch of the bottom cover, a heating sleeve is coated on the outer wall of the outer cylinder, the sleeve is vertically arranged in the outer cylinder, an annular gap is arranged between the sleeve and the outer cylinder, the upper end of the sleeve protrudes out of the upper end of the outer cylinder, the upper end sealing cover of the sleeve is provided with a sleeve top cover, the bottom wall of the bottom cover is provided with a bottom pressure vent hole communicated with the annular gap, the side wall of the outer cylinder is provided with an exhaust hole communicated with the annular gap, the exhaust hole is provided with an exhaust valve, the middle part of the sleeve top cover is provided with a top pressure vent hole communicated with the sleeve, the lower end in the annular gap is used for being filled with a cement slurry layer, the upper end of the cement slurry layer is provided with an annular pressure pad, and the upper end of the annular gap is provided with an annular top cover.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gas storage, and particularly relates to an evaluation device for an effective sealing section of a cement sheath under alternating internal pressure.
Background
In the production operation of underground gas storage, energy storage storehouse, pit shaft integrality problem is outstanding, mainly shows that the annular space is kept under pressure, and annular space that wherein leads to by the sealed inefficacy of cement sheath is under pressure the problem risk high, the treatment degree of difficulty is big, seriously threatens personnel, environment and equipment's safety. In order to ensure the long-term sealing of the cement sheath under the working conditions of the gas storage and the energy storage, the leak tightness of the cement sheath needs to be evaluated and tracked in time for the injection well and the reuse of the old well.
Therefore, an evaluation method and an index for the effective sealing section (high-quality section of well cementation quality) of the cement sheath meeting the multi-round injection and production sealing are required to be established, and the establishment of the well cementation quality evaluation standard of the gas storage well is guided. At present, the gas storage well requires that the cementing quality of the cap layer section is more than or equal to 25m, and the difference of the upper limit pressure cannot be considered.
At present, the tightness evaluation of the cement sheath is mainly carried out by two means of indoor test and on-site logging, and the common indoor evaluation method mainly focuses on the rheological property, the fluid loss property and the thickening property of cement paste and the mechanical properties of cement stones such as strength, elastic modulus, poisson ratio, permeability and the like, but is difficult to effectively evaluate the effective sealing length of the cement sheath according to the actual working condition conditions of a gas storage and an energy storage. The on-site logging method is mainly used for evaluating cementing quality, and cannot establish a quantitative relation between the high quality of the cementing quality and the tightness.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide an alternating internal pressure lower cement sheath effective sealing section evaluation device which realizes the function of testing the breakthrough degree of bottom pressure gas to cement sheaths of different heights under the conditions of continuous loading and unloading of internal pressure and temperature change, reversely pushes out the continuous high-quality section length of the cementing quality required for maintaining the sealing of the cement sheath in the upper and lower pressure limit sections of a gas storage according to the breakthrough pressures corresponding to the cement sheaths of different heights, and solves the problem that the actual running pressure difference is not considered in the conventional gas storage cementing quality evaluation.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: the utility model provides an effectively seal section evaluation device of cement sheath under alternating interior pressure, includes bottom, urceolus, sleeve pipe top cap and strain gauge, the bottom is circular groove shape, its notch up, just the lower extreme of urceolus with the notch sealing connection of bottom, the cladding has the heating jacket on the outer wall of urceolus, the sleeve pipe is vertically arranged in the urceolus, just the sheathed tube lower extreme with it has first sealing washer to fill up between the tank bottom wall of bottom, the sleeve pipe with annular clearance has between the urceolus, just sheathed tube upper end protrusion in the upper end of urceolus, sheathed tube upper end sealing cover is equipped with the sleeve pipe top cap, be equipped with on the bottom diapire with the end pressure air vent of intercommunication in the annular clearance, end pressure air vent be used for with the gas outlet intercommunication in the annular clearance, just be equipped with in the exhaust valve department in the exhaust hole department the sleeve pipe top pressure air vent, top pressure be used for with the intercommunication of second gas outlet of gas vent, the sleeve pipe top cap has annular clearance, annular clearance is equipped with the annular clearance in the annular clearance, the annular clearance is equipped with the annular gauge pad is used for measuring the pressure gauge pad, the top cap is equipped with the annular clearance is used for measuring the top cap, the pressure gauge pad is used for measuring the top cap, the top gauge pad is equipped with the annular clearance is used for measuring the pressure gauge.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: the outer cylinder can be heated by the heating sleeve until the temperature of the outer cylinder reaches the simulated stratum temperature, cement paste is added into the annular gap, a pressure-bearing gasket is added after the cement paste is solidified, and after the top cover is installed, the bottom pressure vent hole and the top pressure vent hole are synchronously ventilated, wherein the top pressure vent hole is alternately inflated and deflated, the highest pressure during inflation and the lowest pressure during decompression are respectively the highest pressure and the lowest pressure during operation in the gas storage, the bottom pressure vent hole is continuously pressurized until the cement ring breaks through (the cement ring break through can be determined by increasing the pressure value of the pressure gauge), the maximum pressure P at the bottom pressure vent hole is the gas break through pressure in MPa, and the lowest effective height of the wellhead cement ring of the gas outlet is finally fitted.
According to the technical scheme, the inner side wall of the bottom cover is provided with the inner thread, the lower end of the outer cylinder is provided with the outer thread which is in threaded fit with the inner thread on the inner side wall of the bottom cover, and the lower end of the outer cylinder is in threaded connection with the bottom cover.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: so that the bottom cover is more firmly sealed and connected with the outer cylinder.
According to the technical scheme, the upper end of the outer barrel is provided with the internal thread, the outer wall of the top cover is provided with the external thread matched with the internal thread at the upper end of the outer barrel, the thread of the top cover is installed at the upper end of the outer barrel, and the hole wall of the inner hole of the top cover is in sealing contact with the outer wall of the sleeve.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: so that the connection between the top cover and the outer cylinder is more sealed and firm.
In the above technical scheme, a third sealing ring is arranged between the top cover and the pressure-bearing gasket in the annular gap.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: so that the tightness of the upper end of the annular gap is better.
According to the technical scheme, the upper end of the sleeve is provided with the external thread, the sleeve top cover is in a round groove shape, the notch of the sleeve top cover faces downwards, the inner groove wall of the sleeve top cover is provided with the internal thread, and the sleeve top cover is in threaded connection with the upper end of the sleeve.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: so that the connection between the sleeve top cover and the sleeve is more sealed and firm.
In the above technical scheme, a second sealing gasket is arranged between the bottom wall of the groove of the sleeve top cover and the upper end of the sleeve.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: so that the sealing performance of the joint of the sleeve top cover and the sleeve is better.
In the above technical scheme, the first inflation mechanism comprises a bottom pressure gas cylinder, a bottom pressure gas source valve, a bottom pressure valve, a first tee joint and a bottom pressure relief valve, a gas outlet of the bottom pressure gas cylinder is communicated with one interface of the first tee joint, the bottom pressure gas source valve is further arranged at the gas outlet of the bottom pressure gas cylinder, a bottom pressure gauge and a high pressure flowmeter are arranged between the bottom pressure gas source valve and the first tee joint, the bottom pressure relief valve is arranged at the other interface of the first tee joint, the remaining interface of the first tee joint is communicated with a bottom pressure vent hole, and the bottom pressure vent hole is provided with the bottom pressure valve.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: so that the lower end of the annular gap can be pressurized by the bottom pressure gas cylinder until the cement sheath breaks through.
In the above technical scheme, the second inflation mechanism comprises a jacking gas cylinder, a second tee joint, a jacking gas source valve, a jacking pressure relief valve and a jacking valve, a gas outlet of the jacking gas cylinder is communicated with one interface of the second tee joint, the gas outlet of the jacking gas cylinder is provided with the jacking gas source valve, a jacking pressure gauge is arranged between the jacking gas source valve and the second tee joint, the other interface of the second tee joint is provided with the jacking pressure relief valve, the remaining interface of the second tee joint is communicated with the jacking vent hole, and the jacking vent hole is provided with the jacking valve.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: so the pressure in the sleeve can be relieved through the jacking gas cylinder and the pressure in the sleeve can be relieved through adjusting the jacking pressure relief valve, and therefore two states (a pressurized state and a pressure relief state) of the operation of the gas storage are simulated.
In the technical scheme, the top cover is in a circular ring shape, and the sleeve, the outer cylinder and the top cover are coaxially distributed.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: therefore, the structure among the top cover, the sleeve and the outer cylinder is more attractive, the wall thickness of each part of the cement sheath is consistent, and the stability of the cement sheath is improved.
In the above technical scheme, the pressure-bearing gasket is in a circular ring shape, is coaxially arranged in the annular gap, and is stacked with a plurality of layers along the up-down direction.
The beneficial effects of the technical scheme are that: therefore, the upper end of the annular gap can be filled with the pressure-bearing gasket, and the phenomenon that the cement ring moves upwards in the annular gap to influence the simulation test effect when the bottom pressure vent hole is pressurized is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an evaluation device for an effective sealing section of a cement sheath under alternating internal pressure according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is an assembly diagram of the bottom cover, the outer cylinder, the heating jacket, the sleeve top cover, the strain gauge, the pressure-bearing gasket, the cement paste layer, the top cover and the pressure gauge according to the embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph of breakthrough pressure versus cement sheath height fit in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1 bottom cover, 11 bottom pressure vent holes, 2 outer cylinder, 21 vent holes, 22 vent valves, 23 heating jackets, 3 sleeves, 31 first sealing rings, 4 sleeve top covers, 41 top pressure vent holes, 42 second sealing rings, 5 strain gauges, 6 first inflating mechanisms, 61 bottom pressure gas cylinders, 62 bottom pressure gas source valves, 63 bottom pressure valves, 64 first tee joints, 65 bottom pressure relief valves, 66 bottom pressure gauges, 67 high pressure flow meters, 7 second inflating mechanisms, 71 top pressure gas cylinders, 72 second tee joints, 73 top pressure gas source valves, 74 top pressure relief valves, 75 top pressure valves, 76 top pressure gauges, 8 pressure bearing gaskets, 9 cement slurry layers, 10 top covers, 101 pressure gauges and 102 third sealing rings.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, the examples are illustrated for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. The invention is more particularly described by way of example in the following paragraphs with reference to the drawings. Advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent from the following description and from the claims. It should be noted that the drawings are in a very simplified form and are all to a non-precise scale, merely for convenience and clarity in aiding in the description of embodiments of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present embodiment provides an apparatus for evaluating an effective sealing section of an alternating internal pressure cement sheath, comprising a bottom cover 1, an outer cylinder 2, a sleeve 3, a sleeve top cover 4 and a strain gauge 5, wherein the bottom cover 1 is in a round groove shape, the notch of the bottom cover is upward, the lower end of the outer cylinder 2 is in sealing connection with the notch of the bottom cover 1, a heating jacket 23 is coated on the outer wall of the outer cylinder 2, the sleeve 3 is vertically arranged in the outer cylinder 2, a first sealing ring 31 is arranged between the lower end of the sleeve 3 and the bottom wall of the bottom cover 1 in a filling manner, an annular gap is arranged between the sleeve 3 and the outer cylinder 2, the upper end of the sleeve 3 protrudes out of the upper end of the outer cylinder 2, the upper end sealing cover of the sleeve 3 is provided with a sleeve top cover 4, a bottom pressure vent 11 which is communicated with the annular gap is arranged on the bottom wall of the bottom cover 1, the bottom pressure vent hole 11 is used for communicating with the air outlet of the first air charging mechanism 6, the side wall of the outer cylinder 2 is provided with an air outlet hole 21 communicated with the inside of an annular gap, the air outlet hole 21 is provided with an air outlet valve 22, the middle part of the sleeve top cover 4 is provided with a top pressure vent hole 41 communicated with the inside of the sleeve 3, the top pressure vent hole 41 is used for communicating with the air outlet of the second air charging mechanism 7, the lower end in the annular gap is used for being filled with a cement slurry layer 9, the upper end of the cement slurry layer 9 is provided with an annular pressure bearing gasket 8, the upper end of the annular gap is provided with an annular top cover 10 in a sealing manner, the top cover 10 is provided with a pressure gauge 101 for detecting the top pressure of the upper end of the annular gap, a measuring probe of the strain gauge 5 passes through the side wall of the outer cylinder 2 in a sealing manner, and the measuring probe of the strain gauge is propped against the outer side wall of the sleeve 3, the sleeve 3 is used for measuring the expansion deformation quantity, so that the outer cylinder can be heated by the heating sleeve until the temperature of the outer cylinder reaches the simulated stratum temperature, cement paste is added into the annular gap, a pressure-bearing gasket is added after the cement paste is solidified for 72 hours, and after a top cover is installed, the bottom pressure vent hole and the top pressure vent hole are synchronously ventilated, wherein the top pressure vent hole is alternately inflated and deflated, the highest pressure during inflation and the lowest pressure during decompression are respectively the highest pressure (the highest pressure during gas storage in the gas storage) and the lowest pressure (the lowest pressure during gas storage in the gas storage) designed during operation in the gas storage, the bottom pressure vent hole is continuously pressurized until a cement ring is broken through (the pressure value of a pressure gauge is increased, the breakthrough of the cement ring can be confirmed), and the maximum pressure P at the bottom pressure vent hole is the gas breakthrough pressure in MPa, and finally the lowest effective height of the cement ring at the gas outlet well is fitted.
In the above technical scheme, the inner side wall of the bottom cover 1 is provided with an internal thread, the lower end of the outer cylinder 2 is provided with an external thread which is matched with the internal thread on the inner side wall of the bottom cover 1, and the lower end of the outer cylinder 2 is in threaded connection with the bottom cover 1, so that the bottom cover is connected with the outer cylinder more tightly and firmly.
In the above technical scheme, the upper end of the outer cylinder 2 is provided with an internal thread, the outer wall of the top cover 10 is provided with an external thread matched with the internal thread at the upper end of the outer cylinder 2, the thread of the top cover 10 is installed at the upper end of the outer cylinder 2, and the hole wall of the inner hole of the top cover 10 is in sealing contact with the outer wall of the sleeve 3, so that the connection between the top cover and the outer cylinder is more sealed and firm.
In the above technical solution, a third sealing ring 102 is disposed between the top cover 10 and the pressure-bearing gasket 8 in the annular gap, so that the tightness of the upper end of the annular gap is better.
In the above technical scheme, the upper end of sleeve 3 is equipped with the external screw thread, sleeve top cap 4 is circular groove shape, and its notch down, be equipped with the internal screw thread on the interior cell wall of sleeve top cap 4, just sleeve top cap 4 with the upper end threaded connection of sleeve 3, so make and be connected more sealed firm between sleeve top cap and the sleeve pipe.
In the above technical solution, a second sealing gasket 42 is disposed between the bottom wall of the groove of the sleeve top cover 4 and the upper end of the sleeve 3, so that the sealing performance of the joint between the sleeve top cover and the sleeve is better.
In the above technical solution, the first inflation mechanism 6 includes a bottom pressure gas cylinder 61, a bottom pressure gas source valve 62, a bottom pressure valve 63, a first tee joint 64 and a bottom pressure relief valve 65, the gas outlet of the bottom pressure gas cylinder 61 is communicated with one interface of the first tee joint 64, the bottom pressure gas source valve 62 is further disposed at the gas outlet of the bottom pressure gas cylinder 61, the bottom pressure gauge and the high pressure flowmeter are disposed between the bottom pressure gas source valve 62 and the first tee joint 64, the bottom pressure relief valve 65 is disposed at the other interface of the first tee joint 64, the remaining interface of the first tee joint 64 is communicated with the bottom pressure vent 11, the bottom pressure valve 63 is disposed at the bottom pressure vent 11, so that the bottom pressure gas cylinder can pressurize the lower end of the annular gap until the cement ring breaks through.
In the above technical solution, the second inflation mechanism 7 includes a top pressure gas cylinder 71, a second tee joint 72, a top pressure gas source valve 73, a top pressure relief valve 74 and a top pressure valve 75, a gas outlet of the top pressure gas cylinder 71 is communicated with one interface of the second tee joint 72, the top pressure gas source valve 73 is disposed at the gas outlet of the top pressure gas cylinder 71, a top pressure gauge 76 is disposed between the top pressure gas source valve 73 and the second tee joint 72, the top pressure relief valve 74 is disposed at the other interface of the second tee joint 72, the remaining interface of the second tee joint 72 is communicated with the top pressure vent hole, and the top pressure vent hole is provided with the top pressure valve 75, so that the top pressure gas cylinder can be pressurized into the casing through the top pressure gas cylinder, and simultaneously, the pressure in the casing is relieved through adjusting the top pressure relief valve, thereby simulating two states (a pressurized state and a released state) of operation of the gas storage.
In the above technical scheme, the top cover 10 is annular, and the sleeve 3, the outer cylinder 2 and the top cover 10 are coaxially distributed, so that the structure among the top cover, the sleeve and the outer cylinder is more attractive, the wall thickness of each part of the cement sheath is consistent, and the stability of the cement sheath is improved.
According to the technical scheme, the pressure-bearing gasket 8 is in a circular ring shape and is coaxially arranged in the annular gap, and a plurality of layers of pressure-bearing gaskets 8 are stacked up and down, so that the upper end of the annular gap can be filled with the pressure-bearing gaskets, and the cement ring moves upwards in the annular gap when the bottom pressure vent hole is pressurized, so that the simulation test effect is influenced.
When the simulation test of the device for evaluating the effective sealing section of the cement sheath under alternating internal pressure is adopted, a plurality of groups of breakthrough tests of cement sheaths with different heights are required, a sleeve with the specification of phi 177.8mm can be adopted to simulate a shaft and is divided into four groups of tests, the heights of the cement sheaths are respectively 0.4m, 0.6m, 0.8m and 1.0m, each group of tests utilizes a second inflation mechanism to apply internal pressure circulation (the circulation range is 15MPa-45MPa, namely, the lower pressure limit when a gas storage is depressurized is 15MPa, and the upper pressure limit when the gas storage is stored is 45 MPa) to the sleeve through a bottom pressure vent hole, and simultaneously the breakthrough pressure of the bottom of the cement sheath is measured by continuously pressurizing the bottom of the cement sheath through a first inflation mechanism, so that the result is shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 breakthrough pressure of gas
| Cement sheath height, m | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.8 | 1.0 |
| Breakthrough pressure, MPa | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 5.8 |
A standard curve is prepared according to the four groups of test structures (as shown in fig. 3), and a regression equation y= 4.1198ln (x) -6.2416 is obtained; substituting the highest running pressure upper limit P 1 =45 MPa of the gas storage as x into the regression equation to obtain the height of the corresponding cement sheath with 8.96m, and taking the safety coefficient alpha=2 to obtain the minimum 18.88m of the continuous high-quality section of the cement sheath, wherein the actual well cementation quality is required to meet the minimum height H of the continuous high-quality section of the sheath, namely H is greater than or equal to 18.88m, namely H is greater than or equal to alpha [4.1198ln (x) -6.2416], and x is the running pressure upper limit of the gas storage.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way; those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention may be implemented as shown in the drawings and described above; however, those skilled in the art will appreciate that many modifications, adaptations, and variations of the present invention are possible in light of the above teachings, without departing from the scope of the invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and evolution of the above embodiments according to the essential technology of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The device is characterized by providing a function for realizing the breakthrough degree of bottom pressure gas to cement rings with different heights under the conditions of continuous loading and unloading of internal pressure and temperature change, reversely pushing out a cementing quality continuous high-quality section length required for keeping cement ring sealing in an upper pressure limit interval and a lower pressure limit interval of a gas storage according to the breakthrough pressures corresponding to the cement rings with different heights, comprising a bottom cover (1), an outer cylinder (2), a sleeve (3), a sleeve top cover (4) and a strain gauge (5), wherein the bottom cover (1) is in a circular groove shape, a notch of the bottom cover is upward, the lower end of the outer cylinder (2) is in sealing connection with the notch of the bottom cover (1), the outer wall of the outer cylinder (2) is coated with a heating sleeve (23), the sleeve (3) is vertically arranged in the outer cylinder (2), a first sealing ring (31) is arranged between the lower end of the sleeve (3) and the bottom wall of the bottom cover (1), an annular gap is arranged between the sleeve (3) and the outer cylinder (2), the upper end of the sleeve (3) protrudes out of the upper end of the outer cylinder (2), a sleeve top cover (4) is arranged at the upper end sealing cover of the sleeve (3), a bottom pressure vent hole (11) communicated with the annular gap is arranged on the bottom wall of the bottom cover (1), the bottom pressure vent hole (11) is communicated with the air outlet of the first air charging mechanism (6), the side wall of the outer cylinder (2) is provided with an exhaust hole (21) communicated with the annular gap, the exhaust hole (21) is provided with an exhaust valve (22), the middle part of the sleeve top cover (4) is provided with a top pressure vent hole (41) communicated with the sleeve (3), the top pressure vent hole (41) is communicated with the air outlet of the second air charging mechanism (7), the lower end in the annular gap is used for being filled with a cement paste layer (9), the upper end of the cement paste layer (9) is provided with an annular pressure-bearing gasket (8), the upper end of the annular gap is provided with an annular top cover (10) in a sealing manner, the top cover (10) is provided with a pressure gauge (101) for detecting the top pressure at the upper end of the annular gap, the measuring probe of the strain gauge (5) passes through the side wall of the outer cylinder (2) in a sealing way, and the measuring probe of the strain gauge abuts against the outer side wall of the sleeve (3) and is used for measuring the expansion deformation quantity of the sleeve (3); the first inflation mechanism (6) comprises a bottom pressure gas cylinder (61), a bottom pressure gas source valve (62), a bottom pressure valve (63), a first tee joint (64) and a bottom pressure relief valve (65), wherein the gas outlet of the bottom pressure gas cylinder (61) is communicated with one interface of the first tee joint (64), the bottom pressure gas source valve (62) is further arranged at the gas outlet of the bottom pressure gas cylinder (61), a bottom pressure gauge (66) and a high pressure flowmeter (67) are arranged between the bottom pressure gas source valve (62) and the first tee joint (64), the bottom pressure relief valve (65) is arranged at the other interface of the first tee joint (64), the rest interface of the first tee joint (64) is communicated with the bottom pressure vent hole (11), the bottom pressure vent hole (11) is provided with the bottom pressure valve (63); the second inflation mechanism (7) comprises a jacking gas cylinder (71), a second tee joint (72), a jacking gas source valve (73), a jacking pressure relief valve (74) and a jacking valve (75), wherein the gas outlet of the jacking gas cylinder (71) is communicated with one interface of the second tee joint (72), the jacking gas source valve (73) is arranged at the gas outlet of the jacking gas cylinder (71), a jacking pressure gauge (76) is arranged between the jacking gas source valve (73) and the second tee joint (72), the jacking pressure relief valve (74) is arranged at the other interface of the second tee joint (72), the rest interface of the second tee joint (72) is communicated with the jacking vent hole, the jacking valve (75) is arranged at the jacking vent hole; the pressure-bearing gasket (8) is in a circular ring shape and is coaxially arranged in the annular gap, and multiple layers of pressure-bearing gaskets (8) are stacked up and down.
2. The device for evaluating the effective sealing section of the cement sheath under the alternating internal pressure according to claim 1, wherein the inner side wall of the bottom cover (1) is provided with internal threads, the lower end of the outer cylinder (2) is provided with external threads which are in threaded fit with the internal threads on the inner side wall of the bottom cover (1), and the lower end of the outer cylinder (2) is in threaded connection with the bottom cover (1).
3. The device for evaluating the effective sealing section of the cement sheath under the alternating internal pressure according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the outer cylinder (2) is provided with internal threads, the outer wall of the top cover (10) is provided with external threads matched with the internal threads at the upper end of the outer cylinder (2), the threads of the top cover (10) are arranged at the upper end of the outer cylinder (2), and the hole wall of the inner hole of the top cover (10) is in sealing contact with the outer wall of the sleeve (3).
4. An apparatus for evaluating an effective sealing section of an alternating internal pressure cement sheath as claimed in claim 3, wherein a third seal ring (102) is provided between the top cover (10) and the pressure-bearing gasket (8) in the annular gap.
5. The device for evaluating the effective sealing section of the cement sheath under alternating internal pressure according to claim 1, wherein the upper end of the sleeve (3) is provided with external threads, the sleeve top cover (4) is in a round groove shape with a notch facing downwards, the inner groove wall of the sleeve top cover (4) is provided with internal threads, and the sleeve top cover (4) is in threaded connection with the upper end of the sleeve (3).
6. The device for evaluating the effective sealing section of the cement sheath under alternating internal pressure according to claim 5, wherein a second sealing gasket (42) is arranged between the bottom wall of the groove of the sleeve top cover (4) and the upper end of the sleeve (3).
7. The device for evaluating an effective sealing section of an alternating internal pressure cement sheath according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the top cover (10) is annular, and the sleeve (3), the outer cylinder (2) and the top cover (10) are coaxially distributed.
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| CN202210661640.1A CN114993571B (en) | 2022-06-13 | 2022-06-13 | Device for evaluating effective sealing section of cement sheath under alternating internal pressure |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104316093A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-28 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Sealing device of lead wires of pressure bearing container sensor |
| CN209875145U (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-31 | 西南石油大学 | Oil gas well cement sheath sealing integrity testing arrangement |
| AU2020102732A4 (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-03 | Engineering Technology Research Institute, Petrochina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company | Device for testing sealing capacity and cementing strength of full-scale cement sheath and testing method thereof |
| CN114060005A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-18 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Underground gas storage pit shaft cement sheath sealing performance evaluation device |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104316093A (en) * | 2014-10-10 | 2015-01-28 | 中广核工程有限公司 | Sealing device of lead wires of pressure bearing container sensor |
| CN209875145U (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2019-12-31 | 西南石油大学 | Oil gas well cement sheath sealing integrity testing arrangement |
| CN114060005A (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-18 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Underground gas storage pit shaft cement sheath sealing performance evaluation device |
| AU2020102732A4 (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-03 | Engineering Technology Research Institute, Petrochina Southwest Oil & Gasfield Company | Device for testing sealing capacity and cementing strength of full-scale cement sheath and testing method thereof |
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