CN114992831B - Nozzle for exhaust system and nozzle wind speed adjusting method - Google Patents
Nozzle for exhaust system and nozzle wind speed adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114992831B CN114992831B CN202110229512.5A CN202110229512A CN114992831B CN 114992831 B CN114992831 B CN 114992831B CN 202110229512 A CN202110229512 A CN 202110229512A CN 114992831 B CN114992831 B CN 114992831B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 29
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
- F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/72—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure
- F24F11/74—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the supply of treated air, e.g. its pressure for controlling air flow rate or air velocity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Abstract
The invention discloses a nozzle for an exhaust system and a nozzle wind speed adjusting method. The nozzle is provided with an inner cylinder (1), an inner adjusting piece (2), an outer adjusting piece (3), a connecting rod (9), a connecting rod fixing support (13), an adjusting rod (10), a venturi tube (5), a spring (6), a truncated cone (8) and an actuating mechanism (21). One end of each inner adjusting piece and one end of each outer adjusting piece are rotatably connected with an adjusting piece hinged support (15), and the other ends of the adjacent inner adjusting pieces and the adjacent outer adjusting pieces are connected through an adjusting piece connecting piece (4). The outer surface of each side of the two sides of any one inner adjusting piece is respectively contacted with the inner surface of one side of the adjacent outer adjusting piece and can relatively slide. The connecting rod is connected with an actuating mechanism actuating arm (20) through an actuating arm connecting piece (19). The invention also discloses a method for adjusting the wind speed of the nozzle. The invention is mainly used for the variable air volume exhaust system of the petrochemical laboratory.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ventilation air conditioners, relates to a nozzle for an exhaust system and a nozzle wind speed adjusting method, and particularly relates to a nozzle for a variable-air-volume exhaust system of a petrochemical laboratory and a nozzle wind speed adjusting method.
Background
At present, more and more petrochemical center laboratories adopt variable air volume exhaust systems. In order to maintain the wind speed at the outlet of the fan to meet the standard requirements under the low-frequency or high-frequency operation condition of the fan, the conventional scheme adopts a special high-altitude discharge fan for a laboratory. The air speed at the air outlet can be controlled in the range of 15-20 m/s relatively stably by adjusting the opening of the bypass valve arranged at the air inlet of the fan to achieve the aim of indoor variable air quantity and fixed air quantity at the air outlet. However, the fan adopts fixed frequency operation, so that the later operation cost is high, and vibration and noise are larger than those of the variable frequency fan. When the variation range of the exhaust amount is larger, a mode that a plurality of variable frequency fans are connected in parallel is adopted in one scheme to keep the wind speed at the outlet of a nozzle of an exhaust system, and the opening of the outlet of the nozzle is fixed. The frequency of the fan is regulated by a static pressure sensor arranged at the tail end of the most unfavorable loop of the exhaust system, so that the static pressure in the air pipe is kept constant; and then the opening of the side ventilation valve is regulated by controlling the start and stop of the fan through a static pressure sensor arranged in a static pressure box at the inlet of the fan so as to maintain the static pressure in the static pressure box constant. When the bypass air valve is in a full-open state and the static pressure in the static pressure box exceeds a set maximum limit value, closing a fan; when the side ventilation valve is in a closed state and the static pressure in the static pressure box is lower than the set minimum limit value, a fan is started. Because the multi-fan parallel control mode has the advantages of more equipment quantity and complex control, the initial investment cost and the later operation and maintenance cost are relatively high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a nozzle for an exhaust system and a nozzle wind speed adjusting method, so as to solve the problems of high cost, complex control and the like of the exhaust system caused by the fact that the wind speed at an air outlet of the nozzle is kept stable in the existing exhaust system.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a spout for an exhaust system, characterized by: the inner adjusting piece and the outer adjusting piece are arranged at intervals, one end of each inner adjusting piece and one end of each outer adjusting piece are close to an air outlet of the inner barrel and are respectively rotatably connected with a hinged support of one adjusting piece, the other ends of the adjacent inner adjusting pieces and the adjacent outer adjusting pieces are connected through adjusting piece connecting pieces, two sides of any one inner adjusting piece are respectively contacted with the inner surface of one side of the adjacent outer adjusting piece and can slide relatively, a connecting rod is arranged along the axial direction of the inner barrel, the connecting rod can move along the axial direction of the inner barrel, a venturi tube is arranged on the inner barrel, one end of the connecting rod adjacent to the air outlet of the inner barrel is provided with a connecting rod fixing support, an adjusting rod support is arranged on the inner adjusting piece and/or the outer adjusting piece, two ends of the adjusting rod are respectively rotatably connected with the connecting rod fixing support and the adjusting rod support, a first fixing support is arranged between the inner venturi tube and the connecting rod fixing support, a spring is arranged between the first fixing support and the connecting rod fixing support, a truncated cone is arranged in a diffusion section of the inner barrel, one end of the inner barrel is fixed on the connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with one end of the driving arm adjacent to the driving arm, and the other end of the driving arm is rotatably connected with the driving arm.
The method for adjusting the nozzle wind speed of the nozzle of the exhaust system is used for the variable-air-volume exhaust system and is characterized in that: the wind speed sensor in the wind speed detection mechanism detects the wind speed of the wind pipe passing through the wind speed detection mechanism and transmits the wind speed data to the controller, the controller calculates the air exhaust quantity of the air exhaust system according to the wind speed and the cross section area of the wind speed detection wind pipe, the controller calculates the expected value of the opening of the nozzle air outlet according to the air exhaust quantity data of the air exhaust system and the expected value of the wind speed at the nozzle air outlet, the expected value of the angular displacement of the actuating mechanism actuating arm is obtained, the actual value of the angular displacement of the actuating mechanism actuating arm is compared with the expected value, when the actual value of the angular displacement of the actuating mechanism actuating arm is smaller than or larger than the expected value of the angular displacement of the actuating mechanism actuating arm, the controller sends an adjusting instruction to the actuating mechanism to adjust the angular displacement of the actuating mechanism actuating arm, the actuating mechanism actuating arm drives the inner adjusting piece and the outer adjusting piece to rotate through the connecting rod mechanism, the opening of the nozzle air outlet is enlarged or reduced, when the actual value of the angular displacement of the actuating mechanism actuating arm is equal to the expected value of the angular displacement of the actuating mechanism actuating arm, the actual value of the opening of the nozzle air outlet is also equal to the expected value of the opening of the nozzle air outlet, and the wind speed at the nozzle air outlet is adjusted to the expected value.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) And a wind speed detection mechanism and a controller are adopted to control the action of the nozzle. The actuating mechanism drives the inner adjusting piece and the outer adjusting piece to rotate through the actuating mechanism driving arm and the connecting rod mechanism, so that the opening degree and the air flow area of the air outlet of the nozzle are enlarged or reduced, and the air speed at the air outlet of the nozzle is adjusted to an expected value. The operation process is simpler, and the wind speed control precision is high. And (2) the nozzle has a simple structure and only has one actuating mechanism. The exhaust system can meet the requirement of constant wind speed at the outlet of the nozzle by only using one fan without adopting a multi-fan parallel mode, and the nozzle is also only required to be provided with one fan, so that the control of the exhaust system is simpler. (3) The exhaust fan can continuously use variable frequency control to adjust the exhaust air quantity of the exhaust system, thereby achieving the purpose of energy conservation. The nozzle and the exhaust system (comprising the wind speed adjusting device) using the nozzle have lower initial investment cost and lower later operation and maintenance cost.
The invention is mainly used for the variable air volume exhaust system of petrochemical laboratories, and can also be used for the variable air volume exhaust systems of laboratories in other fields.
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description. The drawings and detailed description are not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a nozzle for an exhaust system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of another structure of a nozzle for an exhaust system according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the ends of the inner and outer tabs provided with tab connections.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of an inner tab or outer tab.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a wind speed adjusting apparatus of the present invention.
In fig. 1, the vane assembly, inner barrel, outer barrel and venturi tube are partially cut away, and in fig. 2, the vane assembly, inner barrel and venturi tube are partially cut away. In fig. 1 to 5, the same reference numerals denote the same technical features. Reference numerals denote: 1-an inner cylinder; 2-an inner adjusting piece; 3-an outer adjusting piece; 4-a regulator piece connector; 5-a venturi; 6, a spring; 7-a first fixed bracket; 8-a truncated cone; 81—a truncated cone windward side; 82—a truncated cone lee surface; 9-a connecting rod; 10-adjusting the rod; 11-an adjusting rod support; 12-a second fixed bracket; 13-a connecting rod fixing support; 14-column; 15-adjusting sheet hinge support; 16-an outer cylinder; 17-an inner cylinder air inlet; 18-a spout air outlet; 19-a drive arm connection; 20-actuator drive arm; 21-an actuator; 22-bending lines of the inner adjusting piece 2 or the outer adjusting piece 3; 23-the spout of the present invention; 24-a fan outlet air pipe; 25-a fan; 26-a fan inlet air pipe; 27-wind speed detection means; 28-a main air pipe of an air exhaust system; 29-a controller; 30-control line.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the nozzle (simply referred to as a nozzle) for an exhaust system of the present invention is provided with an inner cylinder 1, an inner adjusting plate 2 and an outer adjusting plate 3, wherein the inner adjusting plate 2 and the outer adjusting plate 3 are arranged at intervals and are arranged outside the inner cylinder 1. One end of each of the inner and outer regulating plates 2, 3 is adjacent to the air outlet of the inner cylinder 1 and is rotatably connected (e.g., hinged) to a regulating plate hinge support 15, respectively. The other ends of the adjacent inner adjusting piece 2 and outer adjusting piece 3 are connected by an adjusting piece connecting piece 4. The outer surface of each side of the two sides of any one inner adjusting piece 2 is respectively contacted with the inner surface of one side of the adjacent outer adjusting piece 3 and can relatively slide. On both sides of any one of the outer regulating plates 3, the inner surface of each side is respectively contacted with the outer surface of one side of the adjacent inner regulating plate 2, and can relatively slide. All the inner and outer tabs 2, 3 form a tab assembly, the overall shape of which varies substantially between cylindrical (opening of the spout outlet 18 is maximum) and circular truncated cone-shaped side as the inner and outer tabs 2, 3 are rotated to different positions about their respective tab hinge supports 15. The axial leads of the side surfaces of the cylinder and the round table are coaxial with the axial lead of the inner cylinder 1 to form the axial lead of the nozzle. One end of the inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3, which is close to the air outlet of the inner barrel 1, is positioned at the outer side of the inner barrel 1, and the air outlet of the inner barrel 1 extends into the adjusting piece assembly. The ends of the inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3, which are provided with the end parts of the adjusting piece connecting pieces 4, enclose a nozzle air outlet 18.
The nozzle is provided with the connecting rod 9 along the axial direction of the inner cylinder 1, and the connecting rod 9 can move along the axial direction of the inner cylinder 1; the connecting rod 9 is generally located on the axis of the spout. The inner cylinder 1 is coaxially provided with a venturi tube 5, the venturi tube 5 consists of a contraction section, a throat and a diffusion section, and the venturi tube 5 is arranged in the direction from an air inlet 17 of the inner cylinder to an air outlet of the inner cylinder 1. One end of the connecting rod 9 adjacent to the air outlet of the inner cylinder 1 is fixed with a connecting rod fixing support 13, and the other end of the connecting rod 9 is adjacent to the air inlet 17 of the inner cylinder.
An adjusting rod support 11 is fixed on a part or all of the inner adjusting plate 2 and/or the outer adjusting plate 3, an adjusting rod 10 is arranged between the connecting rod fixing support 13 and the adjusting rod support 11, and two ends of the adjusting rod 10 are respectively and rotatably connected with the connecting rod fixing support 13 and the adjusting rod support 11. The adjusting rod support 11 and the adjusting rod 10 are generally provided at least 3 each; the maximum number of settings is the same as the total number of the inner adjusting pieces 2 and the outer adjusting pieces 3, i.e. one adjusting lever support 11 and one adjusting lever 10 are provided corresponding to one inner adjusting piece 2 or one outer adjusting piece 3. The adjusting rods 10 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the nozzle. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, several outer adjustment plates 3 are fixed with adjustment bar holders 11.
A first fixing bracket 7 is arranged between the venturi tube 5 and the connecting rod fixing support 13 in the inner cylinder 1, and the first fixing bracket 7 is fixed on the inner cylinder 1. The center of the first fixed bracket 7 is provided with a spring seat and a center hole, a spring 6 is arranged between the spring seat and the connecting rod fixed support 13, and the connecting rod 9 passes through the center hole and the spring 6. The spring 6 may be a cylindrical coil spring, a conical coil spring, or the like, in a compressed state. The spout of the present invention is generally vertically disposed with the spout outlet 18 facing upwardly. The weight of the connecting rod 9, the truncated cone 8, the connecting rod fixing support 13, the adjusting rod 10, the adjusting rod support 11, the inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3 is born by the spring 6, and the spring 6 transfers the weight and the weight to the first fixing support 7, so that the stress of the actuating mechanism driving arm 20 and the corner moment output of the actuating mechanism driving arm can be reduced. The truncated cone 8 is provided in the diverging section of the venturi tube 5, the truncated cone 8 being fixed to the connecting rod 9.
One end of the connecting rod 9 adjacent to the inner cylinder air inlet 17 is rotatably connected with one end of the driving arm connecting piece 19, the other end of the driving arm connecting piece 19 is rotatably connected with one end of the actuating mechanism driving arm 20, and the other end of the actuating mechanism driving arm 20 is connected with a driving component in the actuating mechanism 21. The actuator drive arm 20 passes through an opening in the inner barrel 1.
The inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3 are generally herringbone plates, the cross section is herringbone, and the cross section is unfolded to be flat and rectangular or trapezoidal. Fig. 4 shows the cross-sectional shape of the inner adjusting piece 2 or the outer adjusting piece 3, the bending angle V and the bending line 22. The bending angle V of the inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3 is generally 120-160 degrees, and the thickness is generally 0.5-2 mm. The inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3 are generally respectively provided with 3 to 9 pieces, and the number of the inner adjusting piece and the outer adjusting piece is the same.
Referring to fig. 3 and to fig. 1 and 2, one type of tab connector 4 for use with the spout of the present invention is a strip-shaped plate with a strip-shaped aperture. In the adjacent inner adjusting plate 2 and outer adjusting plate 3, one end of the adjusting plate connecting piece 4 is fixed on the outer surface of one side of the inner adjusting plate 2, and a column 14 is fixed on the outer surface of one side of the outer adjusting plate 3 adjacent to one side of the inner adjusting plate 2. Alternatively, one end of the tab connector 4 is fixed to the outer surface of the outer tab 3, and a post 14 (not shown) is fixed to the outer surface of the inner tab 2 adjacent to the outer tab 3. Alternatively, one end of the tab connector 4 is fixed to the inner surface of the inner tab 2, and a post 14 (not shown) is fixed to the inner surface of the outer tab 3 adjacent to the inner tab 2. Alternatively, one end of the tab connector 4 is fixed to the inner surface of the outer tab 3, and a post 14 (not shown) is fixed to the inner surface of the inner tab 2 adjacent to the outer tab 3. In various arrangements, the post 14 is inserted into a bar-shaped hole in the tab connector 4 and the post 14 is slidable relative to the bar-shaped hole (mainly along the length of the hole) during rotation of the inner tab 2 and the outer tab 3 about the tab hinge support 15. In the width direction of the strip-shaped hole, a certain gap needs to be reserved between the column body 14 and the strip-shaped hole, and relative sliding between the inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3 in the width direction of the strip-shaped hole is not hindered. A stop (e.g., a pin) is provided at the end of the column 14 to prevent the column 14 from separating from the bar-shaped aperture. Column 14 is generally cylindrical or prismatic.
In one embodiment of the spout of the present invention, the flap hinge support 15 has a fixed shaft, which is sleeved with an outer sleeve, which is rotatable about the fixed shaft. The ends of the bending lines of the inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3 are fixedly connected (e.g. welded) with the outer sleeve at one end of the inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3 which are rotatably connected with the adjusting piece hinge support 15.
The truncated cone 8 is typically a body of revolution or truncated pyramid with a centre line coincident with the axis of the connecting rod 9 and with two floors perpendicular to the axis of the spout. The bottom surface near the throat outlet of the venturi 5 is a truncated cone windward surface 81, the other bottom surface is a truncated cone leeward surface 82, and the area of the truncated cone leeward surface 82 is larger than the area of the truncated cone windward surface 81. The cross-sectional area of the truncated cone 8 increases gradually from the throat of the venturi 5 to the outlet of the diffuser. When the truncated cone 8 is a rotating body, the generatrix of the side surface may be a straight line, an arc line, or the like; when the generatrix is straight, the truncated cone 8 is truncated cone shaped (i.e. frusto-conical).
In general, a second fixing bracket 12 is further disposed in the inner cylinder 1 between the venturi tube 5 and the inner cylinder air inlet 17, and the second fixing bracket 12 is fixed on the inner cylinder 1. The second fixing bracket 12 has a central hole at the center thereof through which the link 9 passes.
As shown in fig. 2, the flap hinge support 15 is fixed to the inner cylinder 1. As shown in fig. 1, an outer cylinder 16 may be provided around the inner cylinder 1 outside the inner cylinder 1, the outer cylinder 16 being fixed to the inner cylinder 1 using a conventional method and means (not shown), and the adjustment flap hinge support 15 being fixed to the outer cylinder 16. When the adjusting plate hinge support 15 is fixed to the inner cylinder 1 or the outer cylinder 16, a reinforcing structure (not shown) may be provided at the fixing portion. The inner tube 1 is cylindrical except the venturi tube 5, and the outer tube 16 is cylindrical. The inner cylinder 1 is generally coaxially disposed with the outer cylinder 16. The opening of the spout outlet 18 shown in fig. 1 is in an enlarged state, and the opening of the spout outlet 18 shown in fig. 2 is in a reduced state. The spout shown in fig. 1 is identical to the other non-illustrated portions of the spout shown in fig. 2.
The materials of the components of the spout of the present invention are generally selected from stainless steel, galvanized steel, aluminum alloys, and other non-metallic materials that are corrosion resistant and have some strength. The material of the inner adjusting piece 2, the outer adjusting piece 3 and the adjusting piece connecting piece 4 should also have a certain elastic deformability. Between the components which move relatively, lubricating oil and grease can be added.
The exhaust system can form a new wind speed adjusting device by using the nozzle. Referring to fig. 5, the wind speed adjusting device includes the nozzle 23 of the present invention, and also includes a controller 29, a wind speed detecting mechanism 27, and the like. The inner cylinder air inlet 17 of the nozzle 23 is connected with the outlet of an air exhaust system fan 25 or the outlet of a fan outlet air pipe 24, the inlet of the fan 25 is connected with the outlet of an air speed detection mechanism 27 through a fan inlet air pipe 26, and the inlet of the air speed detection mechanism 27 is connected with the outlet of an air exhaust system main air pipe 28. The wind speed detection mechanism 27 consists of an existing wind speed sensor and a wind speed detection wind pipe; the cross-sectional area of the wind speed detecting wind pipe is known, calculated from the inner diameter of the wind speed detecting wind pipe, and built in advance in the controller 29. The wind speed sensor may be an existing pitot tube type wind speed sensor, propeller type wind speed sensor, ultrasonic type wind speed sensor, or the like. The fan 25 uses the existing variable frequency fan, and the controller 29 controls the rotating speed and the air delivery quantity of the fan 25 through the control line 30. The controller 29 is connected with the actuating mechanism 21 of the nozzle 23, the fan 25 and the wind speed detecting mechanism 27 through control lines 30. The controller 29 may be a conventional programmable controller (PLC), a Direct Digital Controller (DDC), or the like, and the actuator 21 may be a conventional electric, pneumatic, or hydraulic actuator.
The connecting rod 9, the connecting rod fixing support 13, the adjusting rod 10, the adjusting rod support 11, the spring 6, the truncated cone 8, the driving arm connecting piece 19 and other components form a connecting rod mechanism. Through the link mechanism, one-to-one and accurate relations between the actual opening value of the nozzle outlet 18 and the actual angular displacement value of the actuator driving arm 20 and between the expected opening value of the nozzle outlet 18 and the expected angular displacement value of the actuator driving arm 20 can be respectively established. The expected value according to the present invention is a value to be reached by an expected actual value.
When the exhaust system exhausts air, the exhaust amount changes (increases or decreases). The wind speed adjusting device shown in fig. 5 works, a wind speed sensor in the wind speed detecting mechanism 27 detects the wind speed in the wind pipe, and transmits the wind speed data to the controller 29 through the control line 30, and the controller 29 calculates the exhaust amount of the exhaust system according to the wind speed and the cross-sectional area of the wind speed detecting wind pipe. The controller 29 then calculates the expected value of the opening of the nozzle outlet 18 according to the exhaust volume data of the exhaust system and the expected value of the wind speed at the nozzle outlet 18, obtains the expected value of the angular displacement of the actuator driving arm 20, and compares the actual value of the angular displacement of the actuator driving arm 20 with the expected value. The actuator 21 transmits the actual value of the angular displacement of the actuator drive arm 20 to the controller 29 via the control line 30. The following describes the wind speed adjusting process by taking the nozzle shown in the drawings of the present invention as an example.
When the actual value of the angular displacement of the actuator driving arm 20 is smaller than the expected value of the angular displacement of the actuator driving arm 20, the actual value of the opening of the nozzle outlet 18 is smaller than the expected value of the opening of the nozzle outlet 18, and the actual wind speed value at the nozzle outlet 18 is larger than the expected value. At this time, the controller 29 sends an adjustment command to the actuator 21 through the control line 30, the actuator 21 adjusts the angular displacement of the actuator driving arm 20 to increase the angular displacement, and the actuator driving arm 20 drives the connecting rod 9 to move in a direction approaching the nozzle air outlet 18 through the driving arm connecting piece 19, so that the connecting rod fixing support 13 and the truncated cone 8 move along with the connecting rod 9. The adjusting lever 10 moves along with the connecting rod fixing support 13, and two ends of the adjusting lever 10 rotate relative to the connecting rod fixing support 13 and the adjusting lever support 11 respectively, so that the outer adjusting piece 3 provided with the adjusting lever support 11 is pushed to rotate around the respective adjusting piece hinge support 15. The outer adjusting piece 3 drives the inner adjusting piece 2 and other outer adjusting pieces 3 without adjusting rod support 11 to rotate around the respective adjusting piece hinge support 15 in sequence through contact and extrusion between the outer surface of the side part of the adjusting piece connecting piece 4 and the inner surface of the side part of the inner adjusting piece 2 and the inner surface of the side part of the outer adjusting piece 3. The ends of the inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3, which are provided with the adjusting piece connecting piece 4, move towards the direction away from the axis of the nozzle, so that the opening of the nozzle air outlet 18 is enlarged. When the actual value of the angular displacement of the actuator driving arm 20 is equal to the desired value of the angular displacement of the actuator driving arm 20, the actual value of the opening of the spout outlet 18 is also equal to the desired value of the opening of the spout outlet 18, and the wind speed at the spout outlet 18 is adjusted to the desired value.
When the actual value of the angular displacement of the actuator driving arm 20 is greater than the expected value of the angular displacement of the actuator driving arm 20, the actual value of the opening of the nozzle outlet 18 is greater than the expected value of the opening of the nozzle outlet 18, and the actual wind speed value at the nozzle outlet 18 is less than the expected value. At this time, the controller 29 sends an adjustment command to the actuator 21 through the control line 30, the actuator 21 adjusts the angular displacement of the actuator driving arm 20 to reduce the angular displacement, and the actuator driving arm 20 drives the connecting rod 9 to move in a direction away from the nozzle air outlet 18 through the driving arm connecting piece 19, so that the connecting rod fixing support 13 and the truncated cone 8 move along with the connecting rod 9. The adjusting lever 10 moves along with the connecting rod fixing support 13, and two ends of the adjusting lever 10 rotate relative to the connecting rod fixing support 13 and the adjusting lever support 11 respectively, and the outer adjusting piece 3 provided with the adjusting lever support 11 is pulled to rotate around the respective adjusting piece hinge support 15. The outer adjusting piece 3 drives the inner adjusting piece 2 and other outer adjusting pieces 3 without adjusting rod support 11 to rotate around respective adjusting piece hinge support 15 sequentially through contact and extrusion between the inner surface of the side part of the outer adjusting piece 3 and the outer surface of the side part of the inner adjusting piece 2 and the adjusting piece connecting piece 4. The ends of the inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3, which are provided with the adjusting piece connecting piece 4, move towards the direction close to the axis of the nozzle, so that the opening of the nozzle air outlet 18 is reduced. When the actual value of the angular displacement of the actuator driving arm 20 is equal to the desired value of the angular displacement of the actuator driving arm 20, the actual value of the opening of the spout outlet 18 is also equal to the desired value of the opening of the spout outlet 18, and the wind speed at the spout outlet 18 is adjusted to the desired value.
In the above operation process, the air in the main air duct 28 of the exhaust system enters the fan 25 through the air speed detection mechanism 27 and the fan inlet air duct 26, then enters the inner cylinder 1 through the fan outlet air duct 24 or the outlet of the fan 25, and finally is discharged from the nozzle air outlet 18. In fig. 1, 2 and 5, the arrows without reference numerals indicate the flow direction of the gas (wind). For variable air volume exhaust systems of petrochemical laboratories, the exhaust gas is typically a mixture of corrosive gases containing Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and air.
The expected value of the wind speed at the outlet 18 of the nozzle is generally 15-20 m/s. Other expected wind speed values can be set according to the actual engineering requirements.
In the case that the adjusting rod holders 11 are fixed to all the inner adjusting plates 2 and the outer adjusting plates 3, an adjusting rod 10 is provided corresponding to each of the inner adjusting plates 2 and the outer adjusting plates 3, and the adjusting rod 10 directly drives each of the inner adjusting plates 2 and the outer adjusting plates 3 to rotate around the respective adjusting plate hinge holders 15. Under the condition that adjusting rod supports 11 are fixed on part of the inner adjusting plates 2 and the outer adjusting plates 3, adjusting rods 10 are respectively arranged corresponding to each of the inner adjusting plates 2 and the outer adjusting plates 3, and the adjusting rods 10 directly drive each of the inner adjusting plates 2 and the outer adjusting plates 3 to rotate around the corresponding adjusting plate hinge supports 15; the inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3 are sequentially driven to rotate around the respective adjusting piece hinge support 15 by the contact and extrusion between the adjusting piece connecting piece 4 and the outer surface of the side part of the inner adjusting piece 2 and the inner surface of the side part of the outer adjusting piece 3, and the other inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3 which are not provided with the adjusting piece support 11.
When the exhaust amount of the exhaust system is increased, the air quantity entering the inner cylinder 1 is increased, the air speed in the throat of the venturi tube 5 and at the outlet of the throat is increased, and the air thrust received by the windward side 81 of the truncated cone is increased. When the connecting rod 9 moves towards the direction approaching the nozzle outlet 18, the thrust is beneficial to reducing the angular moment output of the actuating mechanism driving arm 20 to the connecting rod 9. In the case that the nozzle is vertically arranged and the nozzle air outlet 18 is upwardly arranged, when the air exhaust amount of the air exhaust system is reduced, the air quantity entering the inner cylinder 1 is reduced, the air speed in the throat of the venturi tube 5 and at the outlet of the throat is reduced, and the air thrust received by the windward surface 81 of the truncated cone is reduced. When the connecting rod 9 moves in a direction away from the nozzle outlet 18 (i.e. moves downwards), the partial weights of the connecting rod 9, the truncated cone 8, the connecting rod fixing support 13, the adjusting rod 10, the adjusting rod support 11, the inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3 can counteract the effect of the reduced gas thrust force exerted on the truncated cone windward side 81, and the angular moment output of the actuating mechanism actuating arm 20 on the connecting rod 9 cannot be greatly increased.
A certain gap exists between one end of the inner adjusting piece 2 and the outer adjusting piece 3, which is close to the air outlet of the inner barrel 1, and the outer surface of the inner barrel 1. In the above-described exhaust process, air outside the nozzle of the present invention is sucked into the nozzle through the gap, mixed with air inside the nozzle, and ejected from the nozzle air outlet 18. Some gaps exist at the contact part of the outer surface of the side part of the inner adjusting piece 2 and the inner surface of the side part of the outer adjusting piece 3, and air leakage is small, but the air leakage is negligible.
Each bend line 22 generally rotates in a plane passing through the bend line 22 and the spout axis as the inner and outer tabs 2, 3 rotate. Each adjustment lever 10 generally rotates and moves in a plane passing through the axis of the adjustment lever 10 and the spout. Actuator drive arm 20 typically oscillates about its end connected to the drive member in actuator 21, generally in a plane passing through the axes of actuator drive arm 20 and the nozzle orifice. When swinging, one end of the actuating mechanism actuating arm 20 connected with the actuating arm connecting piece 19 is close to or separated from the nozzle air outlet 18; when approaching the nozzle outlet 18, the angular displacement of the actuator actuating arm 20 increases; the angular displacement of actuator drive arm 20 decreases away from spout outlet 18. An appropriate reference may be selected to determine the angular displacement of actuator drive arm 20. For example, a straight line extending from a point on the actuator driving arm 20 in a direction away from the nozzle outlet 18 and parallel to the axis of the nozzle is selected, and then a portion of the actuator driving arm 20 between the point on the actuator driving arm 20 and the end of the actuator driving arm 20 connected to the driving arm connecting member 19 is selected, and an angle between the portion and the straight line is used as an angular displacement a (as shown in fig. 1) of the actuator driving arm 20.
For the nozzles of different structural parameters and the wind speed detection mechanism 27 with known wind speed detection air duct cross-sectional areas, according to the description of the specification, through limited calculation and test, a relation curve between the opening of the nozzle air outlet 18, the air discharge quantity of the air discharge system and the angular displacement of the actuating mechanism driving arm 20 can be obtained in advance, and the data of the curve is built in the controller 29. For the controller 29, programming, data setting, control line 30 connections, etc. can be readily performed by those skilled in the art to achieve the control required for the wind speed regulation process of the present invention to maintain the wind speed at the spout outlet 18 within the desired range. The detailed description is omitted.
The nozzle wind speed adjusting method is not limited to the nozzle of the invention. The spout proposed according to the inventive concept, which is similar to the structure and working principle of the spout of the present invention, can also be used in the inventive method.
Claims (6)
1. A spout for exhaust system for laboratory's variable air volume exhaust system, its characterized in that: it is provided with an inner cylinder (1), an inner adjusting piece (2) and an outer adjusting piece (3), wherein the inner adjusting piece (2) and the outer adjusting piece (3) are arranged at intervals, one end of each inner adjusting piece (2) and one end of each outer adjusting piece (3) are close to an air outlet of the inner cylinder (1) and are respectively rotatably connected with an adjusting piece hinged support (15), the other ends of the adjacent inner adjusting piece (2) and the adjacent outer adjusting piece (3) are connected by an adjusting piece connecting piece (4), the end heads of the end parts of the adjusting piece connecting piece (4) are arranged by the inner adjusting piece (2) and the outer adjusting piece (3) to form a nozzle air outlet (18), the nozzle for the exhaust system is vertically arranged, the nozzle air outlet (18) is upward, the outer surface of each side is respectively contacted with the inner surface of one side of the adjacent outer regulating piece (3) at the two sides of any inner regulating piece (2) and can relatively slide, a connecting rod (9) is arranged along the axial direction of the inner cylinder (1), the connecting rod (9) can move along the axial direction of the inner cylinder (1), a venturi tube (5) is arranged on the inner cylinder (1), a connecting rod fixed support (13) is arranged at one end of the connecting rod (9) adjacent to the air outlet of the inner cylinder (1), a regulating rod support (11) is arranged on the inner regulating piece (2) and/or the outer regulating piece (3), an adjusting rod (10) is arranged between a connecting rod fixing support (13) and an adjusting rod support (11), two ends of the adjusting rod (10) are respectively and rotatably connected with the connecting rod fixing support (13) and the adjusting rod support (11), a first fixing support (7) is arranged between a venturi tube (5) and the connecting rod fixing support (13) in an inner cylinder (1), a spring (6) is arranged between the first fixing support (7) and the connecting rod fixing support (13), the spring (6) is in a compressed state, a truncated cone (8) is arranged in a diffusion section of the venturi tube (5), the truncated cone (8) is fixed on a connecting rod (9), the truncated cone (8) is a rotating body or a truncated pyramid, two bottom surfaces perpendicular to the axis of a nozzle are arranged, the bottom surfaces close to the throat outlet of the venturi tube (5) are truncated cone windward surfaces (81), the other bottom surfaces are truncated cone leeward surfaces (82), the cross sections of the venturi tube (5) are gradually increased from the throat of the venturi tube to the outlet of the diffusion section, one end, adjacent to the air inlet (17), of the connecting rod (9) is rotatably connected with one end of a driving arm connecting piece (19), the other end of the driving arm (19) is rotatably connected with one end of the driving arm (20), the other end of the actuator driving arm (20) is connected with a driving component in the actuator (21).
2. The spout as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the inner adjusting piece (2) and the outer adjusting piece (3) are herringbone plates, the adjusting piece connecting piece (4) is a strip-shaped plate and is provided with a strip-shaped hole, one end of the adjusting piece connecting piece (4) is fixed on the outer surface of one side of the inner adjusting piece (2) and the outer surface of one side of the outer adjusting piece (3) adjacent to one side of the inner adjusting piece (2), a column body (14) is fixed on the outer surface of one side of the outer adjusting piece (3), one end of the adjusting piece connecting piece (4) is fixed on the outer surface of one side of the outer adjusting piece (3), a column body (14) is fixed on the outer surface of one side of the inner adjusting piece (2) adjacent to one side of the outer adjusting piece (3), or one end of the adjusting piece connecting piece (4) is fixed on the inner surface of one side of the inner adjusting piece (2) adjacent to one side of the outer adjusting piece (3), one end of the adjusting piece connecting piece (4) is fixed on the inner surface of one side of the inner adjusting piece (2) adjacent to one side of the inner adjusting piece (2), and the inner adjusting piece (14) can be inserted into the strip-shaped hole.
3. The spout as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the adjusting piece hinge support (15) is provided with a fixed shaft, an outer sleeve is sleeved outside the fixed shaft, the outer sleeve can rotate around the fixed shaft, one ends of the inner adjusting piece (2) and the outer adjusting piece (3) which are rotatably connected with the adjusting piece hinge support (15) are fixedly connected with the outer sleeve at the ends of bending lines of the inner adjusting piece (2) and the outer adjusting piece (3).
4. A spout according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the bending angle V of the inner adjusting piece (2) and the outer adjusting piece (3) is 120-160 degrees, the thickness is 0.5-2 mm, and the number of the inner adjusting piece (2) and the number of the outer adjusting piece (3) are 3-9 respectively and are the same.
5. A spout according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: the adjusting piece hinge support (15) is fixed on the inner cylinder (1).
6. A spout according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, wherein: an outer cylinder (16) is arranged outside the inner cylinder (1) around the inner cylinder (1), and the adjusting piece hinge support (15) is fixed on the outer cylinder (16).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110229512.5A CN114992831B (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2021-03-02 | Nozzle for exhaust system and nozzle wind speed adjusting method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110229512.5A CN114992831B (en) | 2021-03-02 | 2021-03-02 | Nozzle for exhaust system and nozzle wind speed adjusting method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114992831A CN114992831A (en) | 2022-09-02 |
| CN114992831B true CN114992831B (en) | 2024-02-09 |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203476605U (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2014-03-12 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | Wind generating set with stall regulation function |
| CN204790514U (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-18 | 珠海昊星自动化系统有限公司 | Intelligent coordinated control system of venturi fume chamber |
| CN106194235A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2016-12-07 | 西安科技大学 | Manual type colliery tunneling ventilation air duct air outlet regulation device |
| CN107401421A (en) * | 2017-09-16 | 2017-11-28 | 西安科技大学 | Colliery tunneling ventilation air duct air outlet regulation device based on PLC controls |
| CN111535937A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-14 | 山东理工大学 | Aviation three-dimensional vector engine tail nozzle |
-
2021
- 2021-03-02 CN CN202110229512.5A patent/CN114992831B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203476605U (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2014-03-12 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | Wind generating set with stall regulation function |
| CN204790514U (en) * | 2015-08-13 | 2015-11-18 | 珠海昊星自动化系统有限公司 | Intelligent coordinated control system of venturi fume chamber |
| CN106194235A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2016-12-07 | 西安科技大学 | Manual type colliery tunneling ventilation air duct air outlet regulation device |
| CN107401421A (en) * | 2017-09-16 | 2017-11-28 | 西安科技大学 | Colliery tunneling ventilation air duct air outlet regulation device based on PLC controls |
| CN111535937A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-08-14 | 山东理工大学 | Aviation three-dimensional vector engine tail nozzle |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114992831A (en) | 2022-09-02 |
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