CN114992752A - Building intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control method, device and system - Google Patents
Building intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control method, device and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114992752A CN114992752A CN202210929920.6A CN202210929920A CN114992752A CN 114992752 A CN114992752 A CN 114992752A CN 202210929920 A CN202210929920 A CN 202210929920A CN 114992752 A CN114992752 A CN 114992752A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/64—Electronic processing using pre-stored data
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control method, device and system for buildings, and relates to the field of fire-fighting smoke-discharging control. The method mainly comprises the following steps: respectively obtaining the number of people and the smoke concentration in each area by using monitoring equipment and smoke sensors arranged in each area in a building so as to respectively determine the required smoke discharge amount of each area; respectively obtaining the actual smoke discharge amount of each smoke discharge fan at the operating temperature, and dividing each smoke discharge fan into an abnormal fan and a normal fan according to the difference value of the current operating temperature and the safe operating temperature of each smoke discharge fan; and increasing the smoke discharge amount of each normal fan in the same coverage area with any abnormal fan, wherein the smoke discharge amount of each normal fan in the same coverage area is the same as or larger than the reduction amount of the smoke discharge amount of any abnormal fan. The embodiment of the invention can intelligently control the smoke exhaust process of the building in the fire fighting process and effectively exhaust smoke in the area covered by the abnormal smoke exhaust fan.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of fire-fighting smoke exhaust control, in particular to an intelligent fire-fighting smoke exhaust control method, device and system for buildings.
Background
As the number of buildings in cities increases year by year, the fire risk of buildings is also becoming more prominent. Once a fire disaster occurs, the elevator shaft and the pipe shaft are like a large chimney, so that strong flue pulling force is formed, smoke rises rapidly, and great difficulty is caused for people to escape. Statistics shows that the number of people who die by suffocation due to carbon monoxide poisoning or are fumigated by other toxic smoke generally accounts for 40% -50% of the total number of people who die from fire, the smoke contains various toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, nitric oxide and the like, the toxic death of people can be caused when the content of the toxic gases exceeds the maximum concentration allowed by normal physiology of people, and suspended particles in the smoke are harmful. Due to the gas diffusion effect, smoke particles can enter the lung of a human body, adhere to the lung alveolus and gather on the wall of the lung alveolus, so that respiratory diseases are caused, the death rate of heart diseases is increased, and direct harm is caused to people.
At present, aiming at smoke exhaust in a building during fire, the most widely used method is to open a smoke exhaust valve during fire and exhaust smoke collected by each smoke exhaust valve by using a smoke exhaust fan.
However, in the operation process of the smoke exhaust fan, the smoke exhaust fan is usually operated in a mode of highest power, namely maximum smoke exhaust amount, meanwhile, the actual smoke exhaust amount of the smoke exhaust fan is influenced by the operation temperature, and in addition, the personnel distribution of each area in a building and the arrangement of smoke exhaust valves are different, so that the smoke exhaust process has no pertinence, and when the smoke exhaust fan is abnormal and the smoke exhaust amount is reduced or even cannot work, smoke in the covered area cannot be effectively exhausted.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides an intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control method, device and system for buildings, which can intelligently control the smoke-discharging process of the buildings in the fire-fighting process and effectively discharge smoke in the area covered by an abnormal smoke-discharging fan.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent fire protection and smoke exhaust control method for a building, including:
the monitoring equipment and the smoke sensor arranged in each area in the building are utilized to respectively obtain the number of people and the smoke concentration in each area so as to respectively determine the required smoke discharge amount of each smoke discharge fan.
And obtaining the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan at the operating temperature according to the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan and the operating temperature.
And classifying the smoke exhaust fan into an abnormal fan and a normal fan according to whether the difference value between the operating temperature of the smoke exhaust fan and the safe operating temperature is greater than a preset threshold value.
Constructing a loss function according to the actual smoke discharge amount and the required smoke discharge amount of the normal fans in the common coverage area with each abnormal fan and each non-0 side weight corresponding to each abnormal fan; the loss function is used for determining the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fan corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area of the normal fan and the abnormal fan; and the side weight is the intersection ratio of the areas covered by the abnormal fan and the normal fan.
Respectively determining the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fans corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area of the abnormal fans by utilizing an optimization algorithm under the condition that the loss function obtains the minimum value, wherein the sum of the increased smoke discharge amounts of the normal fans corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area is equal to or more than the reduction amount of the smoke discharge amount of each abnormal fan; the drop of the smoke discharge amount is the difference between the required smoke discharge amount and the actual smoke discharge amount of each abnormal fan.
Further, in the intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control method for buildings, the loss function includes:
in the formula
The function of the loss is represented by,
and the number of the normal fans corresponding to the abnormal fans is represented.
Further, in the intelligent fire-fighting smoke exhaust control method for buildings, the method further comprises the following steps:
and respectively obtaining the regulation and control priority value of each smoke exhaust fan according to the difference value between the current operating temperature and the safe operating temperature of each smoke exhaust fan and the initial operating power.
And when the existing area is covered by at least two abnormal fans, obtaining the abnormal fan with the maximum regulation and control priority value in the at least two abnormal fans.
And increasing the smoke discharge amount of each normal fan in the same coverage area, which has the same coverage area as the abnormal fan with the maximum regulation priority value, and enabling the sum of the increased smoke discharge amounts of each normal fan in the same coverage area to be equal to or larger than the reduction amount of the smoke discharge amount of the abnormal fan with the maximum regulation priority value.
Further, in the intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control method for buildings, according to the difference value between the current operating temperature and the safe operating temperature of each smoke-discharging fan and the required smoke-discharging amount, the regulation and control priority value of each smoke-discharging fan is respectively obtained, and the method comprises the following steps:
control priority value of smoke exhaust fan
Wherein
Is the difference value between the current operation temperature and the safe operation temperature of the smoke exhaust fan,
is a pre-set parameter of the process,
for discharging smokeThe required amount of smoke for the fan is,
is a natural constant.
Further, in the intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control method for buildings, the monitoring equipment and the smoke sensor which are arranged in each area in the building are utilized to respectively obtain the number of personnel and the smoke concentration in each area so as to respectively determine the required smoke discharging amount of each area, and the method comprises the following steps:
the smoke concentration of each area is obtained by using smoke sensors arranged in each area in a building.
And respectively acquiring the number of people in each area by using monitoring equipment arranged in each area in the building.
And respectively determining the required smoke discharge amount of each area according to the corresponding relation between the smoke concentration and the number of people and the required smoke discharge amount.
Further, in the intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control method for the building, the monitoring equipment arranged in each area in the building is utilized to respectively obtain the number of personnel in each area, and the method comprises the following steps:
monitoring images of all areas at the same time are respectively collected by using monitoring equipment arranged in all areas in a building.
And carrying out corner detection and corner matching on the monitoring pictures of all the areas in the same floor at the same moment, obtaining an affine transformation matrix through the corner matching, and changing the visual angle of the monitoring images of all the areas in the same floor at the same moment into a overlooking visual angle according to the affine transformation matrix.
And splicing and fusing the monitoring pictures of the overlooking visual angles of all areas in the same floor at the same moment to obtain a personnel distribution image containing all personnel in the same floor at the same moment.
And respectively obtaining the number of people in each area in the people distribution image of the same floor at the same time through head key point detection.
Further, in the intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control method for buildings, the obtaining of the corresponding relation between the actual smoke-discharging amount of the smoke-discharging fan and the operation temperature comprises the following steps:
and obtaining the average value of the actual smoke discharge amount of a plurality of smoke discharge machines of the same type when the smoke discharge machines operate at the same temperature, and taking the average value as the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke discharge machine of the type at the operating temperature.
And respectively obtaining the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke discharge fans of the same type when the smoke discharge fans of the same type respectively operate at different temperatures, and fitting to obtain the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount and the operating temperature of the smoke discharge fans of the same type.
And respectively obtaining the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount and the operating temperature of the smoke ejectors of all models by using the method for obtaining the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount and the operating temperature of the smoke ejectors of the same model.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control device for a building, including:
and the required smoke discharge amount acquisition module is used for respectively acquiring the number of personnel and the smoke concentration in each area by utilizing the monitoring equipment and the smoke sensor arranged in each area in the building so as to respectively determine the required smoke discharge amount of each smoke discharge fan.
And the actual smoke discharge amount acquisition module is used for acquiring the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan at the operating temperature according to the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan and the operating temperature.
And the fan classification module is used for classifying the smoke exhaust fan into an abnormal fan and a normal fan according to whether the difference value between the operating temperature and the safe operating temperature of the smoke exhaust fan is greater than a preset threshold value.
And the loss function building module is used for building a loss function according to the actual smoke discharge amount and the required smoke discharge amount of the normal fans which have a common coverage area with each abnormal fan and each non-0-edge weight value corresponding to each abnormal fan. And the loss function is used for determining the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fan corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area of the normal fan and the abnormal fan. And the side weight is the intersection ratio of the areas covered by the abnormal fan and the normal fan.
And the smoke discharge amount adjusting module is used for respectively determining the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fans corresponding to the abnormal fans in the common coverage area of the abnormal fans under the condition that the loss function obtains the minimum value by utilizing an optimization algorithm, wherein the sum of the increased smoke discharge amounts of the normal fans corresponding to the abnormal fans in the common coverage area is equal to or more than the reduction amount of the smoke discharge amount of each abnormal fan. The drop of the smoke discharge amount is the difference between the required smoke discharge amount and the actual smoke discharge amount of each abnormal fan.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control system for a building, including: the intelligent fire-fighting smoke exhaust control system comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the processor executes a computer program stored in the memory so as to realize the intelligent fire-fighting smoke exhaust control method for the building.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control method, device and system for buildings, and has the beneficial effects that: can carry out intelligent control to the process of discharging fume of fire control in-process building, effectively discharge the smog in the region that unusual smoke exhaust fan covered.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control method for a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control device for a building according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, for purposes of explanation and not limitation, specific details are set forth, such as particular system structures, techniques, etc. in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present application may be practiced in other embodiments that depart from these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; in the description of the present embodiment, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
When a fire disaster occurs, smoke exhaust valves arranged in branch pipe ends of mechanical smoke exhaust systems in various areas in a building are manually or electrically opened, the smoke exhaust valves can play a smoke exhaust role when the fire disaster occurs, meanwhile, the smoke exhaust valves are connected with smoke exhaust fans through the smoke exhaust systems, and the smoke exhaust fans realize smoke exhaust of the covered areas through the connected smoke exhaust valves.
However, when a fire occurs, the operation states of the smoke exhaust systems at various places in the building are the same, the operation states of the smoke exhaust systems cannot be adaptively controlled according to real-time conditions, the optimal smoke exhaust capacity cannot be achieved, and when the smoke exhaust fans in the building are abnormal, smoke in an area covered by the smoke exhaust fans cannot be effectively exhausted, so that longer effective escape time is not provided for people in the building conveniently.
The embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent fire-fighting smoke exhaust control method for a building, which comprises the following steps of:
step S101, monitoring equipment and smoke sensors arranged in various areas in a building are utilized to respectively obtain the number of people and the smoke concentration in the various areas so as to respectively determine the required smoke discharge amount of each smoke discharge fan.
And S102, obtaining the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan at the operating temperature according to the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan and the operating temperature.
And S103, dividing the smoke exhaust fan into an abnormal fan and a normal fan according to whether the difference value between the operation temperature and the safe operation temperature of the smoke exhaust fan is greater than a preset threshold value.
And S104, constructing a loss function according to the actual smoke discharge amount and the required smoke discharge amount of the normal fans in the common coverage area with each abnormal fan and each non-0 side weight value corresponding to each abnormal fan.
The loss function is used for determining the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fan corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area of the normal fan and the abnormal fan; and the side weight is the intersection ratio of the areas covered by the abnormal fan and the normal fan.
And S105, respectively determining the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fan corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area of the normal fan and the abnormal fan by using an optimization algorithm under the condition that the loss function obtains the minimum value.
The sum of the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fans corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area is equal to or larger than the reduction amount of the smoke discharge amount of each abnormal fan; the drop of the smoke discharge amount is the difference between the required smoke discharge amount and the actual smoke discharge amount of each abnormal fan.
The embodiment of the invention mainly aims to: by adjusting the smoke discharge amount of the smoke discharge fan in different areas in the building, the smoke discharge time is as long as possible under the condition that smoke is discharged as much as possible, and longer escape time is strived for people in the building.
Further, in step S101, the number of people and the smoke concentration in each area are respectively obtained by using monitoring equipment and smoke sensors arranged in each area in the building, so as to respectively determine the required smoke discharge amount of each smoke discharge fan.
First, the smoke concentration in each area is obtained by using a smoke sensor provided in each area in a building.
And secondly, acquiring the number of people in each area by utilizing monitoring equipment arranged in each area in the building. The method comprises the following steps:
respectively acquiring monitoring images of all areas at the same moment by using monitoring equipment arranged in all areas in a building; and carrying out corner detection and corner matching on the monitoring pictures of all the areas in the same floor at the same moment, obtaining an affine transformation matrix through the corner matching, and changing the visual angle of the monitoring images of all the areas in the same floor at the same moment into a overlooking visual angle according to the affine transformation matrix.
It should be noted that, the corner detection algorithm is used to detect the corner existing in the image, and the corner detection algorithm can be summarized as 3 types: detecting corners based on gray level images, detecting corners based on binary images, and detecting corners based on contour curves. The corner detection based on the gray image can be divided into 3 types of methods based on gradient, template and template gradient, wherein the method based on the template mainly considers the gray change of the pixel field points, namely the change of the image brightness, and defines the points with enough brightness contrast with the adjacent points as the corners.
The affine transformation matrix is used for performing affine transformation on the image, and the operation of affine transformation comprises translation, rotation, scaling, shearing, reflection and combination of any order times of the transformations.
Then, splicing and fusing monitoring pictures of overlooking visual angles of all areas in the same floor at the same time to obtain a personnel distribution image containing all personnel in the same floor at the same time; the number of people in each area in the people distribution image of the same floor at the same time is respectively obtained through head key point detection, wherein the key point detection refers to a series of points used for positioning specific positions or areas (such as the head, eyes, mouth, shoulders, waist, elbows, wrists, knees and ankles) of a human body.
And finally, respectively determining the required smoke discharge amount of each area according to the corresponding relation between the smoke concentration and the number of the personnel and the required smoke discharge amount. The method comprises the following steps: the smoke concentration and the number of people in the area are classified into 10 grades respectively, for example, the smoke concentration and the number of people are classified into 10 grades, and the required smoke discharge amount of each area is determined according to the corresponding relation between the sum of the two grades and the required smoke discharge amount.
It should be noted that the larger the smoke concentration in the same area is, the larger the required smoke discharge amount is, and meanwhile, the larger the number of people in the same area is, the more intensive the people move; on the other hand, under the condition that the smoke concentration in the same area is the same, a smaller number of people have a larger per-person activity space, the time required for evacuating the smaller number of people from smoke is shorter compared with the time required for evacuating the smaller number of people from smoke, and the influence of the same smoke concentration on the smaller number of people is smaller, so that the smoke discharge amount required is larger when the number of people in the same area is larger, and therefore, the smoke concentration and the number of people in the area can be graded so as to determine the smoke discharge amount required by the area.
The higher the smoke concentration is and the more intensive the personnel move, the larger the smoke discharge amount is required; the more people in the same area, the more frequent the movement of people in the area, the more likely the area becomes a critical essential area for escape and transfer of people, therefore, the more people in the area, the larger the smoke discharge amount is needed, so as to ensure the safety of people evacuation.
And finally, taking the sum of the required smoke discharge amount of each area covered by each smoke discharge fan as the required smoke discharge amount of each smoke discharge fan.
Further, step S102, obtaining an actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan at the operating temperature according to a corresponding relationship between the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan and the operating temperature.
Because different corresponding relations exist between the operation power of the smoke exhaust fans of the same type and the actual smoke exhaust amount of the smoke exhaust fans of the same type at different temperatures, namely the actual smoke exhaust amount of the smoke exhaust fans of the same type is different along with the change curve of the operation power of the smoke exhaust fans of the same type at different temperatures, the actual smoke exhaust amount at the operation temperature can be determined according to the change curve of the actual smoke exhaust amount of the smoke exhaust fans at the determined temperature and the operation power of the smoke exhaust fans at the determined temperature under the condition of determining the operation temperature.
Obtaining the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan at the operation temperature according to the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan and the operation temperature, and the method comprises the following steps:
obtaining the average value of the actual smoke discharge amount of a plurality of smoke discharge machines of the same type when the smoke discharge machines operate at the same temperature, and taking the average value as the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke discharge machine of the type at the operating temperature; respectively obtaining actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke discharge fans of the same type when the smoke discharge fans respectively operate at different temperatures, and fitting to obtain the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount and the operating temperature of the smoke discharge fans of the same type; and respectively obtaining the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount and the operating temperature of the smoke ejectors of all models by using the method for obtaining the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount and the operating temperature of the smoke ejectors of the same model.
Therefore, the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke discharge fan along with the change of the temperature in the actual operation process can be obtained, so that the smoke discharge amount of each smoke discharge fan in each area can be adjusted in the subsequent process by combining the actual smoke discharge amount of the fan.
In the embodiment of the invention, the total opening and closing conditions of the smoke exhaust valves in different areas before and after the adjustment of the smoke exhaust amount of the smoke exhaust fan in different areas can be consistent, for example, under the condition of keeping the power of the smoke exhaust fan unchanged, the smoke exhaust fan can simultaneously cover a first coverage area and a second coverage area, under the condition that the second coverage area is simultaneously covered by an abnormal fan, the original smoke in the second coverage area can not be continuously and effectively discharged, the full opening of the smoke exhaust valve in the first coverage area can be changed into the half opening, and the full closing of the smoke exhaust valve in the second coverage area can be changed into the half opening state.
It should be noted that, the higher the personnel density at the position of each smoke exhaust valve corresponding to the smoke exhaust fan is, the higher the smoke concentration in the area is, the more important the smoke exhaust fan is, on the other hand, when the smoke exhaust fan is operated with full or high power for a long time, the temperature of equipment can be increased, so that the smoke exhaust capacity of the equipment is reduced, meanwhile, potential safety hazards are brought to the operation of the equipment, even the equipment is broken down to cause shutdown, and due to the spread of fire, the environmental temperature can be continuously increased, so that the overheating of the smoke exhaust fan can be further aggravated.
Therefore, if the operation effect of the smoke exhaust fan is good and the operation time is long enough, other smoke exhaust fans with the same coverage area as the smoke exhaust fan are used for assisting the smoke exhaust fan to complete the smoke exhaust task together according to the actual situation in a building when a fire disaster occurs, so that the fan with higher importance degree works for a longer time and completes the existing smoke exhaust task as far as possible.
Further, step S103, according to whether the difference between the operating temperature of the smoke exhaust fan and the safe operating temperature is greater than a preset threshold, the smoke exhaust fan is divided into an abnormal fan and a normal fan.
When the difference value between the current operation temperature and the safe operation temperature of the smoke exhaust fan exceeds a preset threshold value, the fan is indicated to exceed the safe operation temperature range, the actual smoke exhaust amount of the fan is reduced at the moment, and the smoke exhaust fan is indicated to be an abnormal fan; on the contrary, when the difference between the current operating temperature and the safe operating temperature of the exhaust fan does not exceed the preset threshold, the fan is taken as a normal fan, and as an example, the preset threshold is 30 degrees celsius in the embodiment of the present invention.
Further, step S104, a loss function is constructed according to the actual smoke discharge amount and the required smoke discharge amount of the normal fans having the common coverage area with each abnormal fan, and each non-0-edge weight value corresponding to each abnormal fan.
The loss function in the embodiment of the invention is used for determining the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fan corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area of the abnormal fan and the abnormal fan.
In the embodiment of the invention, the side weight value is the intersection ratio of the areas covered by the abnormal fan and the normal fan, and meanwhile, the intersection ratio is the ratio of the sum of the areas covered by the abnormal fan and the normal fan and the areas covered by the normal fan and the abnormal fan.
Specifically, when the smoke exhaust fan is abnormal, the smoke exhaust fan can be assisted by other smoke exhaust fans in a common coverage area, and meanwhile, the larger the intersection ratio between the normal fan and the abnormal fan is, the larger the smoke exhaust power or the smoke exhaust amount of the abnormal fan can be assisted by the normal fan in the embodiment of the invention.
According to the actual smoke discharge amount and the required smoke discharge amount of the normal fans with the common coverage area of each abnormal fan and each non-0 side weight value corresponding to each abnormal fan, constructing a loss function, comprising the following steps:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
the function of the loss is represented by,
and indicating the number of normal fans corresponding to the abnormal fans.
In the loss function of the embodiment of the invention
Part for making the regulating quantity of the smoke discharge quantity of different normal fans of the same abnormal fan correspond to the side weight value between the normal fan and the abnormal fan, namely the abnormal fanThe larger the side weight value of the normal fan corresponding to the normal fan is, the larger the increase of the smoke discharge quantity of the normal fan and the abnormal fan in the common coverage area is; and under the condition that the adjustment quantity of the smoke discharge quantity of different normal fans of the same abnormal fan corresponds to the side weight value between the normal fan and the abnormal fan,
the partial solution results in 0.
For example, when the side weights of three normal fans corresponding to the same abnormal fan are 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 in sequence, and the smoke discharge increments of the three abnormal fans are 2, 2, and 2, respectively, the loss function in the embodiment of the present invention is implemented
The solving process of (2) is as follows: (0.2 × 2-0.1 × 2+0.3 × 2-0.2 × 2+0.3 × 2-0.2) =0.8, and in the distribution mode of the increase of the smoke discharge amount, compared with the case that the increase of the smoke discharge amount of the three abnormal fans is 1, 2 and 3 respectively, the right half value of the obtained loss function is larger, so that the right half value of the loss function in the embodiment of the invention can effectively enable the adjustment amount of the smoke discharge amount of different normal fans of the same abnormal fan to correspond to the side weight between the normal fan and the abnormal fan as much as possible.
It should be noted that the sum of the increased smoke discharge amounts of the normal fans corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area is equal to or greater than the reduction amount of the smoke discharge amount of each abnormal fan; the drop of the smoke discharge amount is the difference between the required smoke discharge amount and the actual smoke discharge amount of each abnormal fan.
Meanwhile, in order to avoid the situation that the load of the normal fan exceeds the allowable power due to the rehearsal work of the auxiliary abnormal fan, in the embodiment of the invention, the sum of the smoke discharge amounts of the normal fan in different areas can be controlled within an allowable range, or the total smoke discharge amount of the normal fan is kept unchanged after the smoke discharge amounts of the normal fan in different areas are regulated.
It should be noted that, for the normal fan having the same coverage area as the abnormal fan, the increase of the smoke discharge amount in the common coverage area with the abnormal fan can be realized by keeping the total smoke discharge amount of the normal fan unchanged, and simultaneously closing the smoke discharge valve in the area other than the common coverage area with the abnormal fan, or reducing the opening of the smoke discharge valve in the area other than the common coverage area with the abnormal fan.
Further, in step S105, the optimization algorithm is used to determine the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fans corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area with the abnormal fans when the loss function has the minimum value.
It should be noted that the optimization algorithm capable of implementing the embodiment of the present invention includes: lagrange multiplier method, particle swarm algorithm, genetic algorithm, etc. Therefore, the smoke discharge amount of the normal fans corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area of the abnormal fans is determined, and the control of the smoke discharge process in the building is realized.
Optionally, in the actual fire process, there may be a case where an intersection exists in the areas covered by the two abnormal fans, and at this time, the regulation and control priority values of the smoke exhaust fans may be obtained according to the difference between the current operating temperature and the safe operating temperature of each smoke exhaust fan and the initial operating power; therefore, when the area is covered by at least two abnormal fans, the abnormal fan with the largest regulation and control priority value in the at least two abnormal fans is subjected to auxiliary smoke exhaust, and the auxiliary smoke exhaust refers to that the normal fan with the same coverage area is used for assisting the normal fan to perform smoke exhaust in the process.
Specifically, the smoke discharge amount of each normal fan in the same coverage area, which has the same coverage area as the abnormal fan with the maximum regulation priority value, is increased, and the sum of the increased smoke discharge amounts of each normal fan in the same coverage area is equal to or greater than the reduction amount of the smoke discharge amount of the abnormal fan with the maximum regulation priority value.
Wherein, the acquisition process of the regulation and control priority value of the smoke exhaust fan comprises the following steps: control priority value of smoke exhaust fan
Wherein
Is the difference value between the current operation temperature and the safe operation temperature of the smoke exhaust fan,
is a pre-set parameter of the process,
in order to obtain the required smoke quantity of the smoke exhaust fan,
is a natural constant.
Therefore, the smoke in the area covered by the abnormal fan with higher priority can be discharged, and higher smoke discharge efficiency can be obtained.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the normal fans which have a common coverage area with the abnormal fans are avoided, the abnormal fans are helped to execute the smoke exhaust task, meanwhile, the loss caused by the normal fans is reduced as much as possible due to the help of the abnormal fans to execute the smoke exhaust task, and the sum of the smoke exhaust amount of the normal fans which have the common coverage area with the abnormal fans in the common coverage area with the abnormal fans is larger than or equal to the reduction amount of the smoke exhaust amount of the abnormal fans due to the change of the operation temperature. Therefore, under the condition that the abnormal fan exists, smoke in each area covered by the abnormal fan can be discharged, and more escape time is strived for by people in the building.
The embodiment of the invention provides an intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control device for a building, which comprises the following components as shown in figure 2:
and the required smoke discharge amount acquisition module is used for respectively acquiring the number of personnel and the smoke concentration in each area by utilizing the monitoring equipment and the smoke sensor arranged in each area in the building so as to respectively determine the required smoke discharge amount of each smoke discharge fan.
And the actual smoke discharge amount acquisition module is used for acquiring the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan at the operating temperature according to the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan and the operating temperature.
And the fan classification module is used for classifying the smoke exhaust fan into an abnormal fan and a normal fan according to whether the difference value between the operating temperature and the safe operating temperature of the smoke exhaust fan is greater than a preset threshold value.
And the loss function building module is used for building a loss function according to the actual smoke discharge amount and the required smoke discharge amount of the normal fans which have a common coverage area with each abnormal fan and each non-0-edge weight value corresponding to each abnormal fan. And the loss function is used for determining the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fan corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area of the normal fan and the abnormal fan. And the side weight is the intersection ratio of the areas covered by the abnormal fan and the normal fan.
And the smoke discharge amount adjusting module is used for respectively determining the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fans corresponding to the abnormal fans in the common coverage area of the abnormal fans under the condition that the loss function obtains the minimum value by utilizing an optimization algorithm, wherein the sum of the increased smoke discharge amounts of the normal fans corresponding to the abnormal fans in the common coverage area is equal to or more than the reduction amount of the smoke discharge amount of each abnormal fan. The drop of the smoke discharge amount is the difference between the required smoke discharge amount and the actual smoke discharge amount of each abnormal fan.
For the specific implementation, the related description and the technical effects of the modules, reference should be made to the method embodiment in the detailed description.
Based on the same inventive concept as the method, the embodiment further provides a building intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control system, and in the embodiment, the building intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control system comprises a memory and a processor, and the processor executes a computer program stored in the memory to realize intelligent control of building fire-fighting smoke discharge as described in the embodiment of the building intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control method.
Since the method for intelligently controlling building fire protection and smoke exhaust in the embodiment of the method for intelligently controlling building fire protection and smoke exhaust is described, the details are not repeated here.
In conclusion, the invention provides an intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control method, device and system for buildings, which can intelligently control the smoke-discharging process of the buildings in the fire-fighting process and effectively discharge smoke in the area covered by the abnormal smoke-discharging fan.
The use of words such as "including," "comprising," "having," and the like, in the present invention is an open-ended word that refers to "including, but not limited to," and that may be used interchangeably therewith. The words "or" and "as used herein mean, and are used interchangeably with, the word" and/or, "unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The word "such as" is used herein to mean, and is used interchangeably with, the phrase "such as but not limited to".
It should also be noted that the various components or steps may be broken down and/or re-combined in the methods and systems of the present invention. These decompositions and/or recombinations are to be considered equivalents of the present disclosure.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Other variations and modifications in the above description will occur to those skilled in the art and are not necessarily exhaustive of all embodiments. All designs identical or similar to the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An intelligent fire-fighting smoke exhaust control method for a building is characterized by comprising the following steps:
respectively obtaining the number of personnel and the smoke concentration of each area by utilizing monitoring equipment and smoke sensors arranged in each area in a building so as to respectively determine the required smoke discharge amount of each smoke discharge fan;
obtaining the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan at the operating temperature according to the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke exhaust fan and the operating temperature;
dividing the smoke exhaust fan into an abnormal fan and a normal fan according to whether the difference value between the operation temperature and the safe operation temperature of the smoke exhaust fan is greater than a preset threshold value or not;
constructing a loss function according to the actual smoke discharge amount and the required smoke discharge amount of the normal fans in the common coverage area with each abnormal fan and each non-0 side weight corresponding to each abnormal fan; the loss function is used for determining the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fan corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area of the normal fan and the abnormal fan; the side weight is the intersection ratio of the areas covered by the abnormal fan and the normal fan;
respectively determining the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fans corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area of the abnormal fans by utilizing an optimization algorithm under the condition that the loss function obtains the minimum value, wherein the sum of the increased smoke discharge amounts of the normal fans corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area is equal to or more than the reduction amount of the smoke discharge amount of each abnormal fan; the drop amount of the smoke discharge amount is the difference value between the required smoke discharge amount and the actual smoke discharge amount of each abnormal fan.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the loss function includes:
in the formula
The function of the loss is represented by,
indicating the number of normal fans corresponding to the abnormal fans;
3. The method for intelligent fire and smoke control of buildings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method further comprises:
respectively obtaining the regulation and control priority value of each smoke exhaust fan according to the difference value between the current operating temperature and the safe operating temperature of each smoke exhaust fan and the initial operating power;
when the existing area is covered by at least two abnormal fans, obtaining the abnormal fan with the maximum regulation and control priority value in the at least two abnormal fans;
and increasing the smoke discharge amount of each normal fan in the same coverage area, which has the same coverage area as the abnormal fan with the maximum regulation priority value, and enabling the sum of the increased smoke discharge amounts of each normal fan in the same coverage area to be equal to or larger than the reduction amount of the smoke discharge amount of the abnormal fan with the maximum regulation priority value.
4. The building intelligent fire-fighting smoke exhaust control method according to claim 3, wherein the step of respectively obtaining the regulation and control priority value of each smoke exhaust fan according to the difference between the current operating temperature and the safe operating temperature of each smoke exhaust fan and the required smoke exhaust amount comprises the following steps:
control priority value of smoke exhaust fan
Wherein
Is the difference value between the current operation temperature and the safe operation temperature of the smoke exhaust fan,
is a pre-set parameter of the process,
in order to obtain the required smoke quantity of the smoke exhaust fan,
is a natural constant.
5. The intelligent fire and smoke control method for buildings according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring devices and smoke sensors installed in the areas of the building are used to respectively obtain the number of people and the smoke concentration in each area so as to respectively determine the required smoke discharge amount of each area, and the method comprises the following steps:
respectively obtaining the smoke concentration of each area by using smoke sensors arranged in each area in a building;
respectively obtaining the number of personnel in each area by utilizing monitoring equipment arranged in each area in the building;
and respectively determining the required smoke discharge amount of each area according to the corresponding relation between the smoke concentration and the number of people and the required smoke discharge amount.
6. The intelligent fire and smoke control method for buildings according to claim 5, wherein the step of obtaining the number of people in each area by using the monitoring equipment arranged in each area in the building comprises the steps of:
respectively acquiring monitoring images of all areas at the same moment by using monitoring equipment arranged in all areas in a building;
carrying out corner detection and corner matching on the monitoring pictures of all the areas in the same floor at the same moment, obtaining an affine transformation matrix through the corner matching, and changing the visual angle of the monitoring images of all the areas in the same floor at the same moment into a overlooking visual angle according to the affine transformation matrix;
splicing and fusing monitoring pictures of overlooking visual angles of all areas in the same floor at the same moment to obtain a personnel distribution image containing all personnel in the same floor at the same moment;
and respectively obtaining the number of people in each area in the people distribution image of the same floor at the same time through head key point detection.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the corresponding relationship between the actual smoke discharge amount and the operating temperature of the smoke discharge fan comprises:
obtaining the average value of the actual smoke discharge amount of a plurality of smoke discharge machines of the same type when the smoke discharge machines operate at the same temperature, and taking the average value as the actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke discharge machine of the type at the operating temperature;
respectively obtaining actual smoke discharge amount of the smoke discharge fans of the same type when the smoke discharge fans respectively operate at different temperatures, and fitting to obtain the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount and the operating temperature of the smoke discharge fans of the same type;
and respectively obtaining the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount and the operating temperature of the smoke ejectors of all models by using the method for obtaining the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge amount and the operating temperature of the smoke ejectors of the same model.
8. The utility model provides a building intelligent fire control controlling means that discharges fume which characterized in that includes:
the required smoke discharge quantity acquisition module is used for respectively acquiring the number of personnel and the smoke concentration of each area by utilizing monitoring equipment and smoke sensors arranged in each area in the building so as to respectively determine the required smoke discharge quantity of each smoke discharge fan;
the actual smoke discharge quantity acquisition module is used for acquiring the actual smoke discharge quantity of the smoke discharge fan at the operating temperature according to the corresponding relation between the actual smoke discharge quantity of the smoke discharge fan and the operating temperature;
the fan classification module is used for classifying the smoke exhaust fan into an abnormal fan and a normal fan according to whether the difference value between the operating temperature of the smoke exhaust fan and the safe operating temperature is larger than a preset threshold value;
the loss function building module is used for building a loss function according to the actual smoke discharge amount and the required smoke discharge amount of the normal fans which have a common coverage area with each abnormal fan and each non-0-side weight value corresponding to each abnormal fan; the loss function is used for determining the increased smoke discharge amount of the normal fan corresponding to each abnormal fan in the common coverage area of the normal fan and the abnormal fan; the side weight is the intersection ratio of the areas covered by the abnormal fan and the normal fan;
the smoke discharge quantity adjusting module is used for respectively determining the increased smoke discharge quantity of the normal fans corresponding to the abnormal fans in the common coverage area of the abnormal fans by utilizing an optimization algorithm under the condition that the loss function obtains the minimum value, wherein the sum of the increased smoke discharge quantities of the normal fans corresponding to the abnormal fans in the common coverage area is equal to or more than the reduction quantity of the smoke discharge quantity of each abnormal fan; the drop of the smoke discharge amount is the difference between the required smoke discharge amount and the actual smoke discharge amount of each abnormal fan.
9. An intelligent fire-fighting smoke-discharging control system for buildings comprises: memory and a processor, characterized in that the processor executes the computer program stored by the memory to realize the building intelligent fire and smoke control method according to any one of claims 1-7.
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