CN114991915A - Control method for improving vehicle economy based on urea and fuel price change - Google Patents
Control method for improving vehicle economy based on urea and fuel price change Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114991915A CN114991915A CN202210769266.7A CN202210769266A CN114991915A CN 114991915 A CN114991915 A CN 114991915A CN 202210769266 A CN202210769266 A CN 202210769266A CN 114991915 A CN114991915 A CN 114991915A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- urea
- price
- fuel
- bsfc
- economy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
- F01N3/208—Control of selective catalytic reduction [SCR], e.g. dosing of reducing agent
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1433—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using a model or simulation of the system
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D2250/00—Engine control related to specific problems or objectives
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile engines, and discloses a control method for improving the economy of a whole automobile based on urea and fuel price change. The invention provides a control method for improving the economy of a whole vehicle based on the price change of urea and fuel oil, and the control parameters are adjusted according to the price change of the urea and the fuel oil, so that the optimization of comprehensive economy is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automobile engines, in particular to a control method for improving the economy of a whole automobile based on the price change of urea and fuel.
Background
To meet the six national emission standards, there are currently two routes: the method comprises the following steps that firstly, an EGR route is adopted, and the technical scheme of EGR + VGT (WGT and other supercharging routes) + DOC + DPF + SCR + ASC is usually adopted, wherein the EGR can play a role in reducing the emission of NOx of an original engine, and in addition, redundant NOx is treated by the SCR; the other is an SCR route, which usually adopts the technical scheme of WGT (VGT and other supercharger routes) + DOC + DPF + SCR + ASC, achieves the engineering target of the original machine through the matching of a combustion system and the calibration optimization of a fuel injection system, the discharged NOx is treated to a reasonable level through SCR, and for another key emission particle of a diesel engine, the two routes are both captured by the DPF so as to meet the emission requirement of PM.
When SCR uses, urea injection system can judge according to the operating condition of engine and aftertreatment system's operating condition, carries out urea injection when satisfying the condition of urea injection, and this causes the engine operation work to produce two kinds of operating costs undoubtedly: fuel consumption and urea consumption. In addition, the prices of fuel oil and urea are constantly changed, particularly the price fluctuation range of diesel oil is large, the prior control strategy does not consider the dynamic price change process of urea and diesel oil, mainly considers the target Nox for control, cannot adjust urea injection according to the prices of urea and fuel oil, cannot control the target NOx according to the price change of urea and diesel oil, and greatly reduces the comprehensive economy.
The current engine control strategy is a fixed control mode, which is not adjusted according to the market price change of diesel and urea, and in the calibration process, data modeling analysis is performed through automatic calibration software, and BSNOx is taken as a boundary condition to perform optimal economic global optimization, for example, FIG. 2 is a tradeoff curve of common BSFC and BSNOx, and the optimization is performed by referring to BSNOx-MIN _ ref, BSNOx-MAX _ ref and BSNOx-Target _ ref in this way: BSNOx-MIN _ ref represents a minimum boundary for BSNOx that may be reached by the engine with insufficient economy of combustion or even higher smoke, and represents an allowable upper limit for NOx emissions, typically limited by hardware boundaries such as SCR carrier size and maximum injection of the urea injection system; and BSNOx-Target _ ref represents a desired goal under economic and emission requirements, so the optimization process moves closer to the desired goal without touching the boundaries, in practice performing global optimization.
Chinese patent (published: 08/01/2012; publication number: CN102619601A) discloses a control method of an SCR system of an electric control diesel engine, which takes a two-dimensional grid of rotating speed and torque, and a two-dimensional grid of exhaust temperature and airspeed as base points, and corresponds to the NOx emission amount and the NOx conversion efficiency of an original engine to obtain the urea injection amount under a steady-state working condition; on the basis of the SCR steady-state control strategy, the urea injection quantity in the steady-state working condition is corrected by using a correction model formed by an ammonia quantity storage function and an adsorption and desorption function of NH3, and the SCR control strategy in the transient working condition is obtained. The method is suitable for almost all diesel engines on the basis of models, and subsequent work of manufacturers only carries out corresponding calibration tests on different types of engines, so that the cost is reduced, the research and development period is shortened, and the research and development efficiency of an SCR system and a diesel engine plant is greatly improved. The invention also discloses an SCR system of the electric control diesel engine adopting the control method. However, the method only relates to SCR system control and does not relate to the influence of urea and fuel price on the economy of the whole vehicle.
Chinese patent (publication date: 2017, 09 and 02, publication number: CN107191251A) discloses a diesel engine post-treatment system meeting the emission of the national six, which comprises a low-temperature SCR urea post-treatment system and a low-temperature oil injection combustion-supporting catalytic regeneration DPF system; the DPF catalyst and the SCR catalyst are connected in series between exhaust pipes by flanges. On the basis of the national five-diesel engine technology, the low-temperature combustor + DOC + CDPF + SCR system is adopted to reach the national six-emission standard, a large amount of internal thermal management calibration of the diesel engine is not needed, the post-treatment thermal management calibration is independent, the internal and external coupling calibration is reduced, the system is simple to install and arrange and convenient to maintain, and the system is suitable for the national six-post-treatment requirements of various diesel engines in China. The method also does not involve the influence of urea and fuel prices on the overall vehicle economy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a control method for improving the overall economy based on the price change of urea and fuel oil aiming at the defects of the technology, and the control parameters are adjusted according to the price change of the urea and the fuel oil so as to realize the optimization of the comprehensive economy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the control method for improving the vehicle economy based on the price change of the urea and the fuel oil, which is designed by the invention, carries out the comprehensive economy evaluation on the urea required by SCR by BSFC-r according to a price reduction mode:
BSFC_r＝BSFC+qBSNOx
wherein BSFC _ r is the specific fuel consumption of r, r is the price ratio of urea per kilogram to fuel per liter, the effective fuel consumption rate of BSFC, the fuel consumption rate converted from BSNOx nitrogen oxide, and q is a coefficient,
in the formula, C \ u CO(NH)2 The amount of substances which are CO (NH)2 is 60g/mol,
the amount of substance NO2 was 46g/mol,. rho. \ u D The fuel density is 0.83g/mL, omega is the mass fraction of urea solution, is 32.5%, tau is the molar ratio of urea to NOx reaction and is 2, the current fuel price and urea price are input, the system evaluates the comprehensive BSFC according to the torque model of the engine, the FIE model and the NOx emission model, and then carries out corresponding MAP selection by different mark bits, wherein the mark bit and the MAP are arranged in the positionAnd in the development stage, calibration is completed in a global DOE mode and solidification is performed.
Preferably, for the engine of the SCR technical route, after the current fuel price and urea price are obtained, the engine control module processes the current fuel price and urea price in the controller according to r, and the corresponding MAP is selected through a mark bit of fuel injection.
Preferably, when the fuel price is increased or the urea price is reduced to reduce r, the fuel-saving and multi-consumption urea mode is entered, and under the condition that the boundary condition of the SCR system is met, the main injection timing or the rail pressure is increased to ensure the BSFC level.
Preferably, when r is increased due to the decrease of fuel price or the increase of urea price, a mode of consuming more fuel and less urea is entered, and under the condition that the boundary condition of the SCR system is met, the main injection timing or the rail pressure is reduced, and the BSFC level is ensured.
Preferably, the NOx emission of the original engine is changed along with the change of the fuel injection parameters, the urea injection quantity is correspondingly adjusted, when the comprehensive economy is ensured through high NOx emission, the urea injection quantity is increased, and otherwise, the urea injection quantity is reduced.
Preferably, for the engine of the EGR technical route, after the current fuel price and the current urea price are obtained, the engine control module carries out processing in the controller according to r, and corresponding MAP is selected through the zone bit of fuel injection and the zone bit of EGR rate.
Preferably, when the fuel price rises or the urea price falls to cause r to decrease, entering a high NOx emission scene, and under the condition that the boundary condition of the SCR system and the boundary condition of the minimum EGR rate are met, increasing the direction of main injection timing or rail pressure and reducing the EGR rate to ensure the BSFC level.
Preferably, when the fuel price is reduced or the urea price is increased to cause r to be increased, entering a low NOx emission scene, and under the condition that the boundary condition of the SCR system and the boundary condition of the minimum EGR rate are met, reducing the direction of main injection timing or rail pressure and increasing the EGR rate to ensure the BSFC level.
Preferably, the NOx emission of the original engine is changed along with the change of the fuel injection parameters and the EGR rate, the urea injection quantity is correspondingly adjusted, when the comprehensive economy is ensured through high NOx emission, the urea injection quantity is increased, and otherwise, the urea injection quantity is reduced.
Preferably, the basic calibration of the r value is obtained in a DOE mode, r is used as a guiding key factor for judgment, if the latest urea-fuel price ratio is input and still exists in the current interval, updating is not needed, otherwise, data updating is prompted when a crossing region appears, and whether updating is conducted or not can be selected according to the preference of a driver.
In the invention, the basic reaction and calculation principles are as follows:
the source of NOx results from the high temperature, oxygen rich environment created during engine combustion, with system emissions dependent on both raw engine emissions and the SCR reaction, both of which can affect the urea consumption level. For the original engine emission, the emission mainly depends on hardware systems of an engine, fuel injection parameters and the use level of an EGR rate, which are related to engine combustion control, and the rest NOx which cannot meet the regulation requirement needs to be consumed by an SCR (selective catalytic reduction), and the generated chemical reaction is an SCR process. The whole process of eliminating NOx is mainly divided into two parts of urea hydrolysis reaction and NOx reduction reaction, and nitrogen and water are finally generated, wherein the reaction formula is as follows:
and (3) hydrolysis reaction:
(NH2) 2 CO→NH 3 +HNCO
HNCO+H 2 O→NH+CO
standard reaction:
4NH3+4NO+O2→4N2+6H2O
and (3) quick reaction:
4NH3+2NO+2NO2→4N2+6H2O
for a more reasonable trade-off between fuel consumption, urea consumption and emission level, therefore, the urea required by SCR is evaluated in a cost-reduced manner by BSFC-r for comprehensive economy.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the control parameters can be adjusted according to the price change of urea and fuel oil;
2. the method can directionally guide a driver to update or not according to the input of the urea price and the fuel price change;
3. the optimization of comprehensive economy is realized;
4. the calibration is more predictive.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a tradeoff curve of BSFC and BSNOx in the control method for improving vehicle economy based on urea and fuel price changes according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a prior art tradeoff curve for BSFC versus BSNOx;
FIG. 3 is a control strategy diagram of an SCR technology routine engine;
FIG. 4 is a strategy diagram of an engine control strategy for an EGR technology route.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention relates to an intrusive variable target control mode, which can be used for optimally controlling a guide instruction given by a driver or a service station and also can be used for optimally controlling the pushing of big data from the Internet of vehicles, thereby finally achieving the aim of optimal comprehensive economy. The present display is illustrated by a single-point display, for example, fig. 1 is a tradeoff curve of the conventional BSFC and BSNOx, where BSNOx-MIN _ ref represents a minimum boundary of BSNOx, and when the boundary is touched, problems such as insufficient engine combustion economy and even higher smoke may occur, and BSNOx-MAX _ ref represents an allowable bare NOx emission upper limit, which is generally limited by hardware boundaries such as SCR carrier size and maximum injection amount of the urea injection system; BSNOx-Target _ ref represents a desired Target under the condition of meeting the economic and emission requirements, BFSC _ r represents the comprehensive BSFC when the price of urea is divided by the price of fuel, wherein BFSC _0 represents the tradeoff relation between the comprehensive BSFC and BSNOx when the urea is in a free state, the comprehensive BSFC is a state with the assumption that the lowest fuel consumption which can be realized by an engine is the optimal comprehensive economic performance of the engine, the state is nonexistent and is influenced by market factors, r can fluctuate within a certain range, and the meaning that r is 0 is used as a comprehensive evaluation reference; BSFC-Comprehem _ ref is a reference for comprehensive economic evaluation based on the optimal value of the price of urea and fuel (without considering NOx boundaries) for a single point example, these methods are processed in a weighted manner in a global DOE, single points are used for demonstration only, and the detailed DOE optimization process is not what the invention is handed over.
Example 1
A control method for improving the economy of a whole vehicle based on the price change of urea and fuel oil is characterized in that the comprehensive economy of urea required by SCR is evaluated by BSFC-r according to a price conversion mode:
BSFC_r＝BSFC+qBSNOx
wherein BSFC _ r is the specific fuel consumption of r, r is the price ratio of urea per kilogram to fuel per liter, the effective fuel consumption rate of BSFC, the fuel consumption rate converted from BSNOx nitrogen oxide, and q is a coefficient,
in the formula, C \ u CO(NH)2 The amount of substances which are CO (NH)2 is 60g/mol,
the amount of substance NO2 was 46g/mol,. rho. \ u D The method is characterized in that the fuel density is 0.83g/mL, omega is the mass fraction of urea solution and is 32.5%, tau is the molar ratio of urea to NOx reaction and is 2, the current fuel price and the urea price are input, the system evaluates the comprehensive BSFC according to a torque model, a FIE model and a NOx emission model of an engine, then corresponding MAP selection is carried out by different mark bits, and the mark bits and the MAP are calibrated and solidified in a global DOE mode in the development stage.
Example 2
A control method for improving the economy of a whole vehicle based on the price change of urea and fuel oil is characterized in that the comprehensive economy of urea required by SCR is evaluated by BSFC-r according to a price conversion mode:
BSFC_r＝BSFC+qBSNOx
wherein BSFC _ r is the specific fuel consumption of r, r is the price ratio of urea per kilogram to fuel per liter, the effective fuel consumption rate of BSFC, the fuel consumption rate converted from BSNOx nitrogen oxide, and q is a coefficient,
in the formula, C \ u CO(NH)2 The amount of substances which are CO (NH)2 is 60g/mol,
the amount of substance NO2 was 46g/mol,. rho. \ u D The fuel density is 0.83g/mL, omega is ureaThe mass fraction of the solution is 32.5%, tau is the molar ratio of the reaction of urea and NOx and is 2, the current fuel price and the urea price are input, the system evaluates the comprehensive BSFC according to a torque model, a FIE model and a NOx emission model of the engine, then corresponding MAP selection is carried out by different mark bits, and the mark bit and the MAP are calibrated and solidified in a global DOE mode in the development stage.
As shown in FIG. 3, for the engine of the SCR technical route, after the current fuel price and urea price are obtained, the engine control module processes the current fuel price and urea price in the controller according to r, and corresponding MAP is selected through the marker bit of fuel injection.
When the fuel price is increased or the urea price is reduced to cause r to be reduced, entering an oil-saving and multi-consumption urea mode, and increasing the main injection timing or rail pressure to ensure the BSFC level under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of the SCR system.
When the fuel price is reduced or the urea price is increased to cause r to be increased, a mode of consuming more fuel and less urea is entered, and under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of the SCR system, the main injection timing or the rail pressure is reduced, and the BSFC level is ensured.
Example 3
A control method for improving the vehicle economy based on the price change of urea and fuel oil is characterized in that the comprehensive economy evaluation of urea required by SCR is carried out by BSFC-r according to a price conversion mode:
BSFC_r＝BSFC+qBSNOx
wherein BSFC _ r is the specific fuel consumption of r, r is the price ratio of urea per kilogram to fuel per liter, the effective fuel consumption rate of BSFC, the fuel consumption rate converted from BSNOx nitrogen oxide, and q is a coefficient,
in the formula, C \ u CO(NH)2 The amount of substances which are CO (NH)2 is 60g/mol,
the amount of substance NO2, 46g/mol,ρ_ D the method is characterized in that the fuel density is 0.83g/mL, omega is the mass fraction of urea solution and is 32.5%, tau is the molar ratio of urea to NOx reaction and is 2, the current fuel price and the urea price are input, the system evaluates the comprehensive BSFC according to a torque model, a FIE model and a NOx emission model of an engine, then corresponding MAP selection is carried out by different mark bits, and the mark bits and the MAP are calibrated and solidified in a global DOE mode in the development stage.
As shown in FIG. 3, for the engine of the SCR technical route, after the current fuel price and urea price are obtained, the engine control module processes the current fuel price and urea price in the controller according to r, and corresponding MAP is selected through the marker bit of fuel injection.
When the fuel price rises or the urea price falls to cause r to decrease, entering an oil-saving and urea-consumption mode, and increasing the main injection timing or rail pressure to ensure the BSFC level under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of the SCR system.
When the fuel price is reduced or the urea price is increased to cause r to be increased, a mode of consuming more fuel and less urea is entered, and under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of the SCR system, the main injection timing or the rail pressure is reduced, and the BSFC level is ensured.
The urea injection quantity is correspondingly adjusted because the NOx emission of the original engine changes along with the change of the fuel injection parameters, and when the comprehensive economy is ensured by high NOx emission, the urea injection quantity is increased, otherwise, the urea injection quantity is reduced.
Example 4
A control method for improving the economy of a whole vehicle based on the price change of urea and fuel oil is characterized in that the comprehensive economy of urea required by SCR is evaluated by BSFC-r according to a price conversion mode:
BSFC_r＝BSFC+qBSNOx
wherein BSFC _ r is the specific fuel consumption of r, r is the price ratio of urea per kilogram to fuel per liter, the effective fuel consumption rate of BSFC, the fuel consumption rate converted from BSNOx nitrogen oxide, and q is a coefficient,
in the formula, C \ u CO(NH)2 The amount of substances which are CO (NH)2 is 60g/mol,
the amount of substance NO2 was 46g/mol,. rho. \ u D The method is characterized in that the fuel density is 0.83g/mL, omega is the mass fraction of urea solution and is 32.5%, tau is the molar ratio of urea to NOx reaction and is 2, the current fuel price and the urea price are input, the system evaluates the comprehensive BSFC according to a torque model, a FIE model and a NOx emission model of an engine, then corresponding MAP selection is carried out by different mark bits, and the mark bits and the MAP are calibrated and solidified in a global DOE mode in the development stage.
As shown in FIG. 4, for the engine of the EGR technical route, after the current fuel price and the current urea price are obtained, the engine control module carries out processing inside the controller according to r, and corresponding MAP is selected through a mark bit of fuel injection and an EGR rate mark bit.
When the fuel price rises or the urea price falls to cause r to decrease, the system enters a high NOx emission scene, and under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of an SCR system and the boundary condition of the minimum EGR rate, the direction of main injection timing or rail pressure is increased, the EGR rate is reduced, and the BSFC level is ensured.
When the fuel price is reduced or the urea price is increased to cause the r to be increased, the low NOx emission scene is entered, under the condition that the boundary condition of the SCR system and the boundary condition of the minimum EGR rate are met, the direction of main injection timing or rail pressure is reduced, the EGR rate is increased, and the BSFC level is ensured.
Example 5
A control method for improving the economy of a whole vehicle based on the price change of urea and fuel oil is characterized in that the comprehensive economy of urea required by SCR is evaluated by BSFC-r according to a price conversion mode:
BSFC_r＝BSFC+qBSNOx
wherein BSFC _ r is the specific fuel consumption of r, r is the price ratio of urea per kilogram to fuel per liter, the effective fuel consumption rate of BSFC, the fuel consumption rate converted from BSNOx nitrogen oxide, and q is a coefficient,
in the formula, C \ u CO(NH)2 The amount of substances which are CO (NH)2 is 60g/mol,
the amount of substance NO2 was 46g/mol,. rho. \ u D The method is characterized in that the fuel density is 0.83g/mL, omega is the mass fraction of urea solution and is 32.5%, tau is the molar ratio of urea to NOx reaction and is 2, the current fuel price and the urea price are input, the system evaluates the comprehensive BSFC according to a torque model, a FIE model and a NOx emission model of an engine, then corresponding MAP selection is carried out by different mark bits, and the mark bits and the MAP are calibrated and solidified in a global DOE mode in the development stage.
As shown in FIG. 4, for the engine of the EGR technical route, after the current fuel price and the current urea price are obtained, the engine control module carries out processing inside the controller according to r, and corresponding MAP is selected through a mark bit of fuel injection and an EGR rate mark bit.
When the fuel price rises or the urea price falls to cause r to decrease, the system enters a high NOx emission scene, and under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of an SCR system and the boundary condition of the minimum EGR rate, the direction of main injection timing or rail pressure is increased, the EGR rate is reduced, and the BSFC level is ensured.
When the fuel price is reduced or the urea price is increased to cause r to be increased, entering a low NOx emission scene, and under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of an SCR system and the boundary condition of the minimum EGR rate, reducing the direction of main injection timing or rail pressure and increasing the EGR rate, and ensuring the BSFC level.
As the NOx emission of the original engine is changed along with the change of the fuel injection parameters and the EGR rate, the urea injection amount is correspondingly adjusted, when the comprehensive economy is ensured through high NOx emission, the urea injection amount is increased, otherwise, the urea injection amount is reduced.
Example 6
A control method for improving the economy of a whole vehicle based on the price change of urea and fuel oil is characterized in that the comprehensive economy of urea required by SCR is evaluated by BSFC-r according to a price conversion mode:
BSFC_r＝BSFC+qBSNOx
wherein BSFC _ r is the specific fuel consumption of r, r is the price ratio of each kilogram of urea to each liter of fuel, the effective fuel consumption rate of BSFC, the converted fuel consumption rate of BSNOx nitrogen oxide, and q is a coefficient,
in the formula, C \ u CO(NH)2 The amount of substances which are CO (NH)2 is 60g/mol,
the amount of substance NO2 was 46g/mol,. rho. \ u D The fuel density is 0.83g/mL, omega is the mass fraction of urea solution and is 32.5%, tau is the molar ratio of urea to NOx reaction and is 2, the current fuel price and urea price are input, the system evaluates the comprehensive BSFC according to a torque model, a FIE model and a NOx emission model of the engine, then corresponding MAP selection is carried out by different mark bits, and the mark bits and the MAP complete calibration and solidification in a development stage in a global DOE mode.
Aiming at the engine of the SCR technical route, after the current fuel price and urea price are obtained, the engine control module processes in the controller according to r, and selects corresponding MAP according to the marker bit of fuel injection.
When the fuel price rises or the urea price falls to cause r to decrease, entering an oil-saving and urea-consumption mode, and increasing the main injection timing or rail pressure to ensure the BSFC level under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of the SCR system.
When the fuel price is reduced or the urea price is increased to cause r to be increased, a mode of consuming more fuel and less urea is entered, and under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of the SCR system, the main injection timing or the rail pressure is reduced, and the BSFC level is ensured.
The NOx emission of the original engine is changed along with the change of the fuel injection parameters, the urea injection quantity is correspondingly adjusted, when the comprehensive economy is ensured through high NOx emission, the urea injection quantity is increased, and otherwise, the urea injection quantity is reduced.
The above operations are all automatically completed, and the main data base of the operation comes from a global DOE model in the development process, specifically: and obtaining basic calibration of the r value in a DOE mode, judging by taking r as a guiding key factor, if the latest urea-fuel price ratio is input and still in the current interval, not needing to update, otherwise, prompting to update data when a crossing area appears, and selecting whether to upgrade or not according to the preference of a driver.
Example 7
A control method for improving the economy of a whole vehicle based on the price change of urea and fuel oil is characterized in that the comprehensive economy of urea required by SCR is evaluated by BSFC-r according to a price conversion mode:
BSFC_r＝BSFC+qBSNOx
wherein BSFC _ r is the specific fuel consumption of r, r is the price ratio of urea per kilogram to fuel per liter, the effective fuel consumption rate of BSFC, the fuel consumption rate converted from BSNOx nitrogen oxide, and q is a coefficient,
in the formula, C \ u CO(NH)2 The amount of substance, which is CO (NH)2, is 60g/mol,
the amount of substance NO2 was 46g/mol,. rho. \ u D The fuel density is 0.83g/mL, omega is the mass fraction of urea solution and is 32.5%, tau is the molar ratio of urea to NOx reaction and is 2, the current fuel price and urea price are input, the system evaluates the comprehensive BSFC according to a torque model, a FIE model and a NOx emission model of the engine, then corresponding MAP selection is carried out by different mark bits, and the mark bits and the MAP complete calibration and solidification in a development stage in a global DOE mode.
Aiming at the engine of the EGR technical route, after the current fuel price and the current urea price are obtained, the engine control module carries out processing in the controller according to r, and corresponding MAP is selected according to the zone bit of fuel injection and the zone bit of EGR rate.
When the fuel price is increased or the urea price is reduced to cause r to be reduced, the method enters a high NOx emission scene, and under the condition that the boundary condition of an SCR system and the boundary condition of the minimum EGR rate are met, the direction of main injection timing or rail pressure is increased, the EGR rate is reduced, and the BSFC level is ensured.
When the fuel price is reduced or the urea price is increased to cause r to be increased, entering a low NOx emission scene, and under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of an SCR system and the boundary condition of the minimum EGR rate, reducing the direction of main injection timing or rail pressure and increasing the EGR rate, and ensuring the BSFC level.
The NOx emission of the original engine is changed along with the change of fuel injection parameters and the EGR rate, the urea injection amount is correspondingly adjusted, when the comprehensive economy is ensured through high NOx emission, the urea injection amount is increased, and otherwise, the urea injection amount is reduced.
The above operations are all automatically completed, and the main data base of the operation comes from a global DOE model in the development process, specifically: in the invention, whether the information sources are switched or not and the global DOE result in the development process are used for obtaining the basic calibration of the r value in a DOE mode for the current calibration means, and the use scenes as much as possible are covered in the modeling process, so that enough data are provided for corresponding modeling. In the modeling process, different urea price ratios are optimized except that the calibration and hardware boundaries are observed, usually, a region with high possibility is selected to be optimized in detail, for example, the range is 0.3-0.6, the step length can be properly increased for other parts, so that basic calibration of various r values can be obtained, meanwhile, r is used as a guiding key factor to judge, if the latest urea-fuel price ratio is input and still stays in the current interval, updating is not needed, otherwise, data updating is prompted when the region is crossed, a scheme with the best comprehensive economy is selected, and whether updating is carried out or not can be selected according to the preference of a driver.
In the above embodiment, the current fuel price and the current urea price can be manually input by the driver, or two prices can be obtained from the internet by means of popularization of the internet of vehicles, then the pushing reminding is performed by the big data system, and the driver confirms that the final control switching is completed.
The control method for improving the economy of the whole vehicle based on the price change of the urea and the fuel oil can adjust the control parameters according to the price change of the urea and the fuel oil; the system can directionally guide a driver to upgrade or not according to the input of the urea price and the fuel price change; the optimization of comprehensive economy is realized; the calibration is more predictive.
Here, it should be noted that the description of the above technical solutions is exemplary, the present specification may be embodied in different forms, and should not be construed as being limited to the technical solutions set forth herein. Rather, these descriptions are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the technical solution of the present invention is limited only by the scope of the claims.
The disclosure is intended to describe aspects of the specification and claims only as an example and, therefore, should not be limited to the details shown. In the above description, when a detailed description of related known functions or configurations is determined to unnecessarily obscure the focus of the present specification and claims, the detailed description will be omitted.
Where the terms "comprising", "having" and "including" are used in this specification, there may be another part or parts unless otherwise stated, and the terms used may generally be in the singular but may also be in the plural.
Finally, it should be noted that the above is a detailed description of the invention, and the embodiments of the invention are not limited to the description, and those skilled in the art should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention. The above embodiments are merely representative examples of the present invention. It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but that many variations are possible. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention.
Meanwhile, it should be noted that the above description of the technical solutions is exemplary, the present specification may be embodied in different forms, and should not be construed as being limited to the technical solutions set forth herein. Rather, these descriptions are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, the technical solution of the present invention is limited only by the scope of the claims. The features of the various embodiments of the present invention may be partially or fully combined or spliced with each other and performed in a variety of different configurations as will be well understood by those skilled in the art. Embodiments of the invention may be performed independently of each other or may be performed together in an interdependent relationship.
For those skilled in the art to which the invention relates, several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and the above-mentioned structures should be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A control method for improving the economy of a whole vehicle based on the price change of urea and fuel oil is characterized in that: and (3) carrying out comprehensive economic evaluation on urea required by SCR by BSFC-r according to a price reduction mode:
BSFC_r＝BSFC+qBSNOx
wherein BSFC _ r is the specific fuel consumption of r, r is the price ratio of urea per kilogram to fuel per liter, the effective fuel consumption rate of BSFC, the fuel consumption rate converted from BSNOx nitrogen oxide, and q is a coefficient,
in the formula, C \ u CO(NH)2 Substances being CO (NH)2The mass amount, 60g/mol,
the amount of substance NO2 was 46g/mol,. rho. \ u D The fuel density is 0.83g/mL, omega is the mass fraction of the urea solution, is 32.5%, tau is the molar ratio of the reaction of urea and NOx and is 2, the current fuel price and the urea price are input, the system evaluates the comprehensive BSFC according to a torque model, a FIE model and a NOx emission model of the engine, then carries out corresponding MAP selection by different mark bits, and the mark bit and the MAP are calibrated and solidified in a global DOE mode in the development stage.
2. The control method for improving the economy of the whole vehicle based on the price change of urea and fuel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: aiming at the engine of the SCR technical route, after the current fuel price and urea price are obtained, the engine control module processes in the controller according to r, and selects corresponding MAP according to the marker bit of fuel injection.
3. The control method for improving the economy of the whole vehicle based on the price change of the urea and the fuel oil as claimed in claim 2, wherein: when the fuel price rises or the urea price falls to cause r to decrease, entering an oil-saving and urea-consumption mode, and increasing the main injection timing or rail pressure to ensure the BSFC level under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of the SCR system.
4. The control method for improving the economy of the whole vehicle based on the price change of the urea and the fuel oil as claimed in claim 2, wherein: when the fuel price is reduced or the urea price is increased to cause r to be increased, a mode of consuming more fuel and less urea is entered, and under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of the SCR system, the main injection timing or the rail pressure is reduced, and the BSFC level is ensured.
5. The control method for improving the economy of the whole vehicle based on the price change of urea and fuel according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: the NOx emission of the original engine is changed along with the change of the fuel injection parameters, the urea injection quantity is correspondingly adjusted, when the comprehensive economy is ensured through high NOx emission, the urea injection quantity is increased, and otherwise, the urea injection quantity is reduced.
6. The control method for improving the economy of the whole vehicle based on the price change of urea and fuel according to claim 1, is characterized in that: aiming at the engine of the EGR technical route, after the current fuel price and the current urea price are obtained, the engine control module carries out processing in the controller according to r, and corresponding MAP is selected according to the zone bit of fuel injection and the zone bit of EGR rate.
7. The control method for improving the economy of the whole vehicle based on the price change of the urea and the fuel oil as claimed in claim 6, wherein: when the fuel price rises or the urea price falls to cause r to decrease, the system enters a high NOx emission scene, and under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of an SCR system and the boundary condition of the minimum EGR rate, the direction of main injection timing or rail pressure is increased, the EGR rate is reduced, and the BSFC level is ensured.
8. The control method for improving the economy of the whole vehicle based on the price change of the urea and the fuel oil as claimed in claim 6, wherein: when the fuel price is reduced or the urea price is increased to cause r to be increased, entering a low NOx emission scene, and under the condition of meeting the boundary condition of an SCR system and the boundary condition of the minimum EGR rate, reducing the direction of main injection timing or rail pressure and increasing the EGR rate, and ensuring the BSFC level.
9. The control method for improving the economy of the whole vehicle based on the price change of urea and fuel according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that: the NOx emission of the original engine is changed along with the change of fuel injection parameters and the EGR rate, the urea injection amount is correspondingly adjusted, when the comprehensive economy is ensured through high NOx emission, the urea injection amount is increased, and otherwise, the urea injection amount is reduced.
10. The control method for improving the economy of the whole vehicle based on the price change of the urea and the fuel oil as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and obtaining basic calibration of the r value in a DOE mode, judging by taking r as a guiding key factor, if the latest urea-fuel price ratio is input and still in the current interval, not needing to update, otherwise, prompting to update data when a crossing area appears, and selecting whether to upgrade or not according to the preference of a driver.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210769266.7A CN114991915B (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2022-06-30 | Control method for improving economy of whole vehicle based on urea and fuel price change |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210769266.7A CN114991915B (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2022-06-30 | Control method for improving economy of whole vehicle based on urea and fuel price change |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114991915A true CN114991915A (en) | 2022-09-02 |
| CN114991915B CN114991915B (en) | 2023-04-21 |
Family
ID=83020321
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210769266.7A Active CN114991915B (en) | 2022-06-30 | 2022-06-30 | Control method for improving economy of whole vehicle based on urea and fuel price change |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114991915B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114412617A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-29 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Diesel engine control method and related device |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008043928A1 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-04-17 | Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA | Method for the closed-loop control of a urea amount for a nitrogen oxide processing system |
| US20090133384A1 (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2009-05-28 | Maruthi Devarakonda | NOx CONTROL SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING NOx EMISSIONS |
| KR100907363B1 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-07-10 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Method for controlling urea-scr system |
| CN102900502A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-01-30 | 北京工业大学 | Oxygen sensor-based urea jet control device for diesel and control method for jet control device |
| CN103114895A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-05-22 | 东风康明斯发动机有限公司 | Optimizing method for comprehensive economy of automotive diesel engine of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) route of EURO 4 and above |
| US20130152549A1 (en) * | 2006-01-19 | 2013-06-20 | Cummins Inc. | Method and system for optimizing fuel and reductant consumption |
| CN103470353A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-25 | 同济大学 | Diesel engine SCR (selective catalytic reduction) system control method based on urealysis efficiency |
| EP2749744A1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-02 | Hyundai Motor Company | Method and apparatus for controlling urea injection amount of vehicle |
| WO2018120468A1 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-05 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Lcce optimization-based diesel engine calibration method |
-
2022
- 2022-06-30 CN CN202210769266.7A patent/CN114991915B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20130152549A1 (en) * | 2006-01-19 | 2013-06-20 | Cummins Inc. | Method and system for optimizing fuel and reductant consumption |
| WO2008043928A1 (en) * | 2006-10-13 | 2008-04-17 | Peugeot Citroën Automobiles SA | Method for the closed-loop control of a urea amount for a nitrogen oxide processing system |
| US20090133384A1 (en) * | 2007-11-26 | 2009-05-28 | Maruthi Devarakonda | NOx CONTROL SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING NOx EMISSIONS |
| KR100907363B1 (en) * | 2008-03-03 | 2009-07-10 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Method for controlling urea-scr system |
| CN102900502A (en) * | 2012-10-17 | 2013-01-30 | 北京工业大学 | Oxygen sensor-based urea jet control device for diesel and control method for jet control device |
| EP2749744A1 (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2014-07-02 | Hyundai Motor Company | Method and apparatus for controlling urea injection amount of vehicle |
| CN103114895A (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2013-05-22 | 东风康明斯发动机有限公司 | Optimizing method for comprehensive economy of automotive diesel engine of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) route of EURO 4 and above |
| CN103470353A (en) * | 2013-07-25 | 2013-12-25 | 同济大学 | Diesel engine SCR (selective catalytic reduction) system control method based on urealysis efficiency |
| WO2018120468A1 (en) * | 2016-12-30 | 2018-07-05 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Lcce optimization-based diesel engine calibration method |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114412617A (en) * | 2022-01-17 | 2022-04-29 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Diesel engine control method and related device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114991915B (en) | 2023-04-21 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9103248B2 (en) | Method and system for optimizing fuel and reductant consumption | |
| RU2716098C2 (en) | System and method (embodiments) for adaptive regeneration of particulate filters in diesel engines | |
| US6182444B1 (en) | Emission control system | |
| CN100379966C (en) | Hydrogen fueled spark ignition engine | |
| US8096110B2 (en) | Ammonia (NH3) storage control system and method at low nitrogen oxide (NOx) mass flow rates | |
| US20110067382A1 (en) | System and method for nox reduction optimization | |
| CN102840042B (en) | Engine with EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation) device and method and device for controlling EGR rate | |
| WO2015130217A1 (en) | Device and method for impacting the amount of nitrogen oxides in exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine | |
| Dallmann et al. | Costs of emission reduction technologies for diesel engines used in non-road vehicles and equipment | |
| US11428133B2 (en) | Systems and methods for managing catalyst temperature based on location | |
| CN104685185A (en) | System and method for reducing engine knock | |
| CN101655024A (en) | Using GPS/map/traffic info to control performance of aftertreatment (AT) devices | |
| CN105026716A (en) | System, method, and apparatus for improved desulfurization of aftertreatment components | |
| EP2646663A1 (en) | Lean burn active ignition engine with aftertreatment system and method | |
| US20090100825A1 (en) | Exhaust purification apparatus for engine | |
| CN114991915A (en) | Control method for improving vehicle economy based on urea and fuel price change | |
| GB2535248A (en) | A method of emissions regulation | |
| CN107762597B (en) | Method for optimizing NOx emissions in a combined exhaust gas aftertreatment system | |
| CN103590876B (en) | Diesel motor exhaust purification method | |
| CN114233504B (en) | NO (NO) x Emission control method and device | |
| US20190293617A1 (en) | Method for estimating exhaust gas state of engine, method for determining abnormality of catalyst, and catalyst abnormality determination device for an engine | |
| CN113550835A (en) | Pollutant emission control method and system, storage medium, driving computer and vehicle | |
| US20190292961A1 (en) | Method for estimating exhaust gas state of engine, method for determining abnormality of catalyst, and catalyst abnormality determination device for an engine | |
| Bhardwaj et al. | Comparative Study to Assess the Potential of Different Exhaust Gas Aftertreatment Concepts for Diesel Powered Ultra-Light Commercial Vehicle Applications in View of Meeting BS VI Legislation | |
| CN115045739B (en) | Emission control method, emission control device and emission control system of marine diesel engine |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |