CN114990487B - Boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material, preparation method and application - Google Patents
Boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material, preparation method and application Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, a continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of functional materials. The boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire provided by the invention comprises boron fibers, a transition layer coated on the surfaces of the boron fibers and a copper metal layer coated on the surfaces of the transition layer, wherein the transition layer is a three-dimensional graphene hybridization B 4 And C, compounding a transition layer. The invention is characterized in that the three-dimensional graphene is introduced to hybridize B 4 The composite transition layer is formed between the B fiber and the Cu matrix to form a bridging transition area, so that the mechanical matching property and phonon matching property between the B fiber and the Cu matrix can be enhanced; meanwhile, the introduction of graphene can additionally provide a phonon propagation channel. The continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material with high tensile strength and high thermal conductivity can be prepared by adopting the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire provided by the invention.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of functional materials, in particular to a boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, a continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material, a preparation method and application.
Background
The nuclear fusion reactor continuously provides clean energy, but the severe service environment in the nuclear fusion reactor puts very high demands on the safe operation of the core structural component materials. The safe service of a divertor in a nuclear fusion reactor is a key for realizing fusion power generation, and the main functions of the divertor are to discharge high heat released in the process of synthesizing helium from deuterium and tritium in a nuclear reactor and particle flow generated by central plasma. The radiator is used as a core component of the divertor, the running temperature of the radiator is increasingly increased, and the radiator has higher requirements on materials with high strength and high heat conductivity at high temperature.
At present, a copper alloy is mainly used as a radiator material of a divertor, however, a single copper alloy, such as copper-zirconium-chromium alloy, can generate thermal softening, creep deformation and plastic fatigue at the temperature of more than 300 ℃, so that the material can rapidly fail, and the effective heat emission rate of the divertor at high temperature is severely limited. Research shows that the ceramic material has excellent mechanical properties at high temperature, and the introduction of continuous ceramic fibers as reinforcements is an important strategy for improving the mechanical properties of metal matrix composite materials. In the prior art, continuous SiC fiber reinforced Cu-based composite materials are reported, but the composite materials have the problem of low thermal conductivity. The continuous B fiber is used as a high-strength fiber, is widely applied to the reinforcement of the Al-based composite material, and can greatly improve the mechanical properties. Cu-based composite material (B) reinforced with continuous B-fibers f Cu-based composite) is expected to improve its mechanical properties and maintain high heat conductivity as a potential application material for divertors in high temperature environments, but there are large mechanical mismatch and phonon mismatch problems between B-fibers and Cu-matrix, resulting in reduced tensile strength and thermal conductivity. How to overcome the problem to obtain high strength and high heat conduction B f Cu-based composites are a significant challenge to current researchers.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, a continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material, a preparation method and application thereofVitamin graphene hybrid B 4 The composite transition layer can enhance the mechanical matching property and phonon matching property between the B fiber and the Cu matrix; the continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material with high tensile strength and high thermal conductivity can be prepared by adopting the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire provided by the invention.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, which comprises boron fibers, a transition layer coated on the surfaces of the boron fibers and a copper metal layer coated on the surfaces of the transition layer, wherein the transition layer is a three-dimensional graphene hybridization B 4 And C, compounding a transition layer.
Preferably, the boron fiber has a diameter of 100 to 110 μm.
Preferably, the three-dimensional graphene hybrid B 4 The thickness of the C composite transition layer is 1-2 mu m, and the three-dimensional graphene is hybridized with the B 4 The C composite transition layer comprises amorphous B 4 C and dispersed in the amorphous B 4 C, three-dimensional graphene in the amorphous B 4 And C, forming a net structure.
Preferably, the copper metal layer has a thickness of 25 to 35 μm.
The invention provides a preparation method of the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, which comprises the following steps:
three-dimensional graphene hybrid B is formed on the surface of the boron fiber by deposition through chemical vapor deposition 4 C, a composite transition layer;
hybridization B of the three-dimensional graphene by adopting physical vapor deposition method 4 And depositing a copper metal layer on the surface of the C composite transition layer to obtain the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire.
Preferably, the conditions of the chemical vapor deposition method include: vacuum degree of at least 8×10 -2 Pa, and the temperature is 900-1300 ℃; the volume flow ratio of the carbon source gas, the boron source gas and the reducing gas is 2: (1-5): (1-4).
Preferably, the carbon source gas is methane, the boron source gas is boron trichloride, and the reducing gas is hydrogen.
The invention provides a continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material, which is prepared from a boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, wherein the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire is prepared from the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire according to the technical scheme or the preparation method.
The invention provides a preparation method of the continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) arranging the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wires along the length direction, and then performing hot isostatic pressing to obtain the continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material.
The invention provides an application of the continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material prepared by the technical scheme or the preparation method in the nuclear fusion reactor divertor.
The invention provides a boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, which comprises boron fibers, a transition layer coated on the surfaces of the boron fibers and a copper metal layer coated on the surfaces of the transition layer, wherein the transition layer is a three-dimensional graphene hybridization B 4 And C, compounding a transition layer. The invention is characterized in that the three-dimensional graphene is introduced to hybridize B 4 The composite transition layer is formed between the B fiber and the Cu matrix to form a bridging transition area, so that the mechanical matching property and phonon matching property between the B fiber and the Cu matrix can be enhanced; wherein, the invention adopts three-dimensional graphene hybridization B 4 The C composite transition layer has lower modulus, so that the modulus is positioned between the B fiber and the Cu matrix, thereby effectively improving the mechanical matching property; meanwhile, the graphene is introduced to provide phonon propagation channels additionally, so that the thermal conductivity of the material is improved. The continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material with high tensile strength and high thermal conductivity can be prepared by adopting the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire provided by the invention. The results of the examples show that compared to not introducing three-dimensional graphene hybrid B 4 The composite material of the C composite transition layer, the continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material provided by the invention has thermal conductivity and room-temperature and high-temperature stretchingThe strength is obviously improved, and the strong demand of the nuclear fusion reactor radiator on high-heat-conduction materials at high temperature is hopeful to be satisfied.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the preparation B of the present invention f /B 4 A flow chart of a C/Cu-based composite;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional graphene hybrid B prepared in example 1 4 TEM image of the composite transition layer;
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of a fiber precursor wire prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional SEM image of the composite material prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1;
FIG. 5 is a graph of room temperature (25 ℃) tensile strength versus high temperature (300 ℃) tensile strength for pure Cu, composites prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1;
fig. 6 is a graph of thermal conductivity of pure Cu, composites prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, which comprises boron fibers, a transition layer coated on the surfaces of the boron fibers and a copper metal layer coated on the surfaces of the transition layer, wherein the transition layer is a three-dimensional graphene hybridization B 4 And C, compounding a transition layer.
The boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor provided by the invention comprises boron fibers, wherein the diameter of the boron fibers is preferably 100-110 mu m. In the present invention, the boron fiber preferably includes a tungsten core and a boron layer wrapped on the surface of the tungsten core, and the diameter of the tungsten core is preferably 15 to 17 μm. In the present invention, the boron fiber is preferably a boron fiber tape or a boron fiber filament. In the examples of the present invention, boron fiber provided by Beijing aviation materials institute was specifically used.
The boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire provided by the invention comprises a transition layer coated on the surface of the boron fiber, wherein the transition layer is a three-dimensional graphene hybridization B 4 And C, compounding a transition layer. In the invention, the three-dimensional graphene hybrid B 4 The thickness of the C composite transition layer is preferably 1 to 2 μm, more preferably 1.5 μm; the three-dimensional graphene hybrid B 4 C compoundingThe transition layer comprises amorphous B 4 C and dispersed in the amorphous B 4 C, three-dimensional graphene in the amorphous B 4 And C, forming a net structure. The three-dimensional graphene hybridization B with the thickness and the composition is preferably adopted 4 The composite transition layer can play a role in protecting the B fiber, improve the binding force of the B fiber and the Cu matrix, and ensure that the B fiber and the Cu matrix have better mechanical matching property and phonon matching property.
The boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire provided by the invention comprises a copper metal layer coated on the surface of the transition layer, wherein the thickness of the copper metal layer is preferably 25-35 mu m, more preferably 28-30 mu m. The thickness of the copper metal layer is preferably limited in the range, so that stress concentration can be relieved, and the finally obtained continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material has excellent performance.
The invention provides a preparation method of the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, which comprises the following steps:
three-dimensional graphene hybrid B is formed on the surface of the boron fiber by deposition through chemical vapor deposition 4 C, a composite transition layer;
hybridization B of the three-dimensional graphene by adopting physical vapor deposition method 4 And depositing a copper metal layer on the surface of the C composite transition layer to obtain the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire.
The invention adopts a Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) method to deposit and form three-dimensional graphene hybridization B on the surface of boron fiber 4 And C, compounding a transition layer. The invention preferably places the boron fiber in a heating zone of chemical vapor deposition equipment, vacuumizes to a target vacuum degree, raises the temperature to the target temperature, and then introduces carbon source gas, boron source gas and reducing gas for chemical vapor deposition. In the present invention, the operating conditions of the chemical vapor deposition include: the vacuum degree is preferably at least 8×10 -2 Pa, more preferably 6X 10 -2 Pa; the temperature is preferably 900 to 1300 ℃, more preferably 1000 to 1100 ℃; the volume flow ratio of the carbon source gas, the boron source gas and the reducing gas is preferably 2: (1-5): (1 to 4), more preferably 2: (2-3): (1 to 1.5), more preferably 2:(2.6-2.8): (1.3-1.4); the carbon source gas is preferably methane, the boron source gas is preferably boron trichloride, and the reducing gas is preferably hydrogen; the chemical vapor deposition is carried out for a time to obtain the three-dimensional graphene hybridization B with a required thickness 4 And C, taking the composite transition layer as a reference. The invention preferably carries out chemical vapor deposition under the condition, which is favorable for ensuring that the three-dimensional graphene hybridization B is obtained on the surface of the boron fiber 4 And C, compounding a transition layer. After the chemical vapor deposition is completed, the method is preferably used for taking out a sample after cooling to obtain the three-dimensional graphene hybrid B with the surface deposited 4 B is marked as B by the boron fiber of the C composite transition layer f /B 4 And C, carrying out subsequent treatment.
Obtaining the three-dimensional graphene hybrid B 4 After the C composite transition layer, the invention adopts a physical vapor deposition method to hybridize the B in the three-dimensional graphene 4 And depositing a copper metal layer on the surface of the C composite transition layer to obtain the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire. In the present invention, the Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) method is preferably a magnetron sputtering method. In the present invention, the apparatus for performing magnetron sputtering is preferably a target magnetron sputtering system. The invention preferably uses B f /B 4 C fiber is installed on a sample frame in a coating chamber of a target magnetron sputtering system, a pure Cu metal target is installed on a target position, vacuumizing is carried out to a target vacuum degree, a rotation switch of the sample frame is turned on, and then cleaning, pre-sputtering and sputtering are sequentially carried out. In the present invention, the B is installed f /B 4 C fiber, adjacent B f /B 4 The pitch of the C fibers is preferably 0.3 to 0.7mm, more preferably 0.4 to 0.5mm. In the invention, the size of the pure Cu metal target is preferably 150mm multiplied by 75mm multiplied by 6mm, the surfaces of the targets are parallel, and the target distance is preferably 15-30 cm, more preferably 18-22 cm. In the present invention, the target vacuum degree is preferably at least 4×10 -4 Pa; the rotational speed of the sample holder is preferably 4 to 6rpm, more preferably 22cm.
After the rotation switch of the sample frame is turned on, sputtering gas is preferably introduced, and a bias power supply and an ion source are turned on for the B f /B 4 And C, cleaning the fiber. In the present invention, the sputtering gas is preferably Ar. In the present inventionIn the present invention, the operation conditions of the washing include: the flow rate of the sputtering gas is preferably 40 to 90sccm, more preferably 50 to 60sccm, and the gas pressure is preferably 0.2 to 0.4Pa, more preferably 0.2 to 0.3Pa; the bias voltage provided by the bias power supply is preferably-70 to-150V, more preferably-80 to-100V; the current provided by the ion source is preferably 0.2-0.4A, more preferably 0.3-0.4A, and the voltage is preferably 700-900V, more preferably 800-850V; the washing time is preferably 20 to 30 minutes, more preferably 20 to 25 minutes.
After the cleaning is finished, the invention preferably keeps the ion source and the bias power supply on, adjusts the sputtering gas pressure, turns on the direct current power supply for the target and turns on the cleaned B f /B 4 The C fibers were pre-sputtered. In the present invention, the operation conditions of the pre-sputtering include: the flow rate of the sputtering gas is preferably 40 to 70sccm, more preferably 50 to 60sccm, and the gas pressure is preferably 0.5 to 1.2Pa, more preferably 0.6 to 0.8Pa; the bias voltage provided by the bias power supply is preferably-70 to-150V, more preferably-80 to-100V; the current supplied by the ion source is preferably 0.2-0.6A, more preferably 0.3-0.4A, and the voltage is preferably 500-900V, more preferably 800-900V; the current supplied to the target DC power supply is preferably 1.5 to 3.0A, more preferably 2.0 to 2.5A, and the voltage is preferably 310 to 621V, more preferably 400 to 450V; the deposition rate is preferably 8.0 to 15.0 μm/h, more preferably 10 to 12.8 μm/h; the pre-sputtering time is preferably 20 to 40 minutes, more preferably 20 to 30 minutes.
After the pre-sputtering is finished, the ion source is preferably turned off, the bias power supply and the direct current power supply for the target are kept on, and the pre-sputtered B f /B 4 And C, sputtering the fibers. In the present invention, the sputtering operation conditions include: the flow rate of the sputtering gas is preferably 40 to 70sccm, more preferably 50 to 60sccm, and the gas pressure is preferably 0.5 to 1.2Pa, more preferably 0.6 to 0.8Pa; the bias voltage provided by the bias power supply is preferably-70 to-150V, more preferably-80 to-100V; the current supplied to the target DC power supply is preferably 1.5 to 3.0A, more preferably 2.0 to 2.5A, and the voltage is preferably 310 to 621V, more preferably 400 to 450V; the deposition rate is preferably 8.0 to 15.0 μm/h, more preferably 10 to 12.8 μm/h; sputtering time to obtainThe copper metal layer with the required thickness is used as a reference.
In the present invention, after the sputtering is completed, at B f /B 4 The C fiber surface is deposited with a compact copper metal layer, the obtained sample is cooled to room temperature under vacuum condition to obtain boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, which is marked as B f /B 4 C/Cu fiber precursor wire.
The invention provides a continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material, which is prepared from a boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, wherein the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire is prepared from the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire according to the technical scheme or the preparation method.
The invention provides a preparation method of the continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) arranging the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wires along the length direction, and then performing hot isostatic pressing to obtain the continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material.
In the present invention, the hot isostatic pressing is preferably vacuum hot isostatic pressing, and the operating conditions of the vacuum hot isostatic pressing include: the temperature is preferably 500 to 700 ℃, more preferably 600 to 650 ℃; the pressure is preferably 100 to 200MPa, more preferably 120 to 150MPa; the holding time is preferably 0.5 to 3 hours, more preferably 1 to 2 hours.
The invention provides an application of the continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material prepared by the technical scheme or the preparation method in the nuclear fusion reactor divertor. In the present invention, the continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material is preferably used as a radiator material in a nuclear fusion reactor divertor. The continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material provided by the invention is used as a radiator material in a nuclear fusion reactor divertor, can maintain the high thermal conductivity of the traditional Cu alloy (such as copper-zirconium-chromium alloy), and obviously improves the room temperature and high temperature tensile strength of the traditional Cu alloy, thereby improving the service temperature of the radiator.
The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in the following in connection with the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
FIG. 1 shows the preparation B of the present invention f /B 4 Flow chart of C/Cu-based composite material B was prepared according to the flow chart shown in FIG. 1 f /B 4 The C/Cu-based composite material comprises the following steps:
providing a continuous B fiber yarn, wherein the continuous B fiber yarn comprises a tungsten core and a boron layer coated on the surface of the tungsten core, the diameter of the tungsten core is 15 mu m, and the diameter of the continuous B fiber yarn is 100 mu m;
the continuous B fiber yarn is placed in a heating zone of a chemical vapor deposition device, and the back vacuum degree is 6 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa, heating to 1100 ℃, then introducing methane, boron trichloride and hydrogen for chemical vapor deposition, wherein the flow rates of the methane, the boron trichloride and the hydrogen are respectively 150mL/min, 200mL/min and 100mL/min, and three-dimensional graphene hybrid B with the thickness of 1.5 mu m is deposited on the surface of the continuous B fiber yarn 4 C, compounding the transition layer, cooling, and taking out the sample to obtain B f /B 4 C, fibers;
will B f /B 4 C fibers are arranged in order according to the fiber spacing of 0.4mm and then are arranged on a sample frame in a coating chamber of a target magnetron sputtering system, pure Cu metal targets with the sizes of 150mm multiplied by 75mm multiplied by 6mm are arranged on target positions, target planes are adjusted to be parallel to each other, and the target spacing is set to be 22cm; vacuum-pumping the film-plating chamber to make its vacuum degree be 4X 10 -4 Pa, turning on a rotation switch of the sample rack, and setting the rotation speed to be 5rpm; then argon is introduced, a bias power supply and an ion source are turned on for the B f /B 4 C fiber is cleaned, and the cleaning operation conditions comprise: argon flow is 60sccm, and air pressure is 0.2Pa; the bias voltage provided by the bias power supply is-100V; the current provided by the ion source is 0.4A, and the voltage is 850V; the cleaning time is 20min;
after cleaning, keeping the ion source and the bias power supply on, adjusting the gas pressure, turning on the direct current power supply of the target, and cleaning the B f /B 4 C fibers are pre-sputtered, and the operation conditions of the pre-sputtering comprise: argon flow is 60sccm, and air pressure is 0.8Pa; the bias voltage provided by the bias power supply is-100V; the current provided by the ion source is 0.3A, and the voltage is 900V; the current provided for the target direct current power supply is 2.0A, and the voltage is 450V; the deposition rate is 12.8 mu m/h, and the pre-sputtering time is 20min;
turning off the ion source after the pre-sputtering is completed, keeping the bias power supply and the target direct current power supply on, and performing pre-sputtering on the target B f /B 4 C fibers are sputtered, at B f /B 4 Depositing Cu metal layer with thickness of 30 μm on the surface of C fiber, cooling the obtained sample to room temperature under vacuum to obtain B f /B 4 C/Cu fiber precursor filaments; the sputtering operating conditions include: the flow rate of the sputtering gas is 60sccm, and the air pressure is 0.8Pa; the bias voltage provided by the bias power supply is-100V; the current provided for the target direct current power supply is 2.0A, and the voltage is 450V; the deposition rate is 12.8 mu m/h;
the B is carried out f /B 4 C/Cu fiber precursor wires are arranged along the length direction and then subjected to vacuum hot isostatic pressing to obtain B f /B 4 C/Cu-based composite material; the operating conditions of the vacuum hot isostatic pressing include: the temperature is 650 ℃, the pressure is 120MPa, and the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time is 2 hours.
Comparative example 1
A composite material was prepared according to the method of example 1, except that three-dimensional graphene hybrid B was omitted when preparing the fiber precursor filaments 4 C composite transition layer, namely directly depositing Cu metal layer on the surface of the continuous B fiber to obtain B f Cu fiber precursor wire, then based on said B f Preparation of Cu fiber precursor wire to obtain B f Cu-based composite material.
Characterization and performance testing
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional graphene hybrid B prepared in example 1 4 TEM image of composite transition layer, wherein (a) scale is 50nm, (b) scale is 20nm, and (C) scale is 10nm (2L in the figure is represented as2 layers of graphene, 5L being denoted 5 layers of graphene); the three-dimensional graphene hybrid B is shown in the figure 4 The morphology of the C composite transition layer can be seen, and the three-dimensional graphene hybridization B can be seen 4 The C composite transition layer is formed by amorphous B 4 C and three-dimensional graphene.
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of a fiber precursor wire prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1, wherein (a) and (c) are B prepared in comparative example 1 f SEM pictures of Cu fiber precursors, (B) and (d) are B prepared in example 1 f /B 4 SEM image of C/Cu fiber precursor filaments; the diagram shows B prepared in example 1 f /B 4 Three-dimensional graphene hybrid B exists in C/Cu fiber precursor wire 4 And C, compounding a transition layer.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional SEM image of a composite material prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1, where (a) is B prepared in comparative example 1 f SEM image of a section of Cu-based composite, (B) is B prepared in example 1 f /B 4 A cross-sectional SEM image of the C/Cu-based composite; from the figure, it can be seen that a compact void-free composite material can be obtained after hot isostatic pressing of the fiber precursor.
FIG. 5 is a graph of room temperature (25 ℃) tensile strength versus high temperature (300 ℃) tensile strength for pure Cu, the composites prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1, with specific data shown in Table 1. The results show that at room temperature and high temperature, comparative example 1 produced B f The tensile strength of the Cu-based composite material is greatly improved compared with that of pure Cu, and the B prepared in the example 1 f /B 4 C/Cu-based composite material compared with B f The tensile strength of the Cu-based composite material is obviously improved, which fully proves that the invention is realized by arranging the three-dimensional graphene hybrid B 4 The C composite transition layer can obviously improve the tensile strength of the composite material.
Fig. 6 is a graph of thermal conductivity (measured at room temperature) for pure Cu, composites prepared in example 1 and comparative example 1, and the specific data are shown in table 1. The result shows that the invention is hybridized with B by introducing three-dimensional graphene 4 The C composite transition layer adjusts the problems of mechanical mismatch and phonon mismatch between the fiber and the matrix, and the graphene has high thermal conductivity, so that the B prepared in the embodiment 1 f /B 4 C/Cu-based composite material is compared with B prepared in comparative example 1 f The thermal conductivity of the Cu-based composite material is obviously improved and is close to that of pure Cu.
Table 1 tensile strength and thermal conductivity of pure Cu, composites in example 1 and comparative example 1
From the above embodiments, the present invention has at least the following advantages:
1. growing three-dimensional graphene hybrid B on the surface of the continuous B fiber by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method 4 The C composite transition layer can enhance the mechanical matching property between the B fiber and the Cu matrix, improve the problem of phonon mismatch between the B fiber and the Cu matrix, and provide an additional phonon propagation channel.
2. B provided by the invention f /B 4 The C/Cu-based composite material breaks through the single melt mixing mode of the traditional long fiber reinforced Cu-based composite material by combining the CVD method and the PVD method, has simple process and good repeatability, and is convenient for industrialization.
3. B provided by the invention f /B 4 The C/Cu-based composite material is used as a radiator material in a nuclear fusion reactor, has high heat conductivity, can greatly improve the room temperature and high temperature tensile strength of the traditional Cu alloy, and greatly improves the service temperature of the radiator.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire comprises boron fibers, a transition layer coated on the surfaces of the boron fibers and a copper metal layer coated on the surfaces of the transition layer, wherein the transition layer is a three-dimensional graphene hybridization B 4 And C, compounding a transition layer.
2. The boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire of claim 1, wherein the boron fiber has a diameter of 100 to 110 μm.
3. The boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire of claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional graphene hybrid B 4 The thickness of the C composite transition layer is 1-2 mu m, and the three-dimensional graphene is hybridized with the B 4 The C composite transition layer comprises amorphous B 4 C and dispersed in the amorphous B 4 C, three-dimensional graphene in the amorphous B 4 And C, forming a net structure.
4. The boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire of claim 1, wherein the copper metal layer has a thickness of 25 to 35 μm.
5. The method for preparing the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
three-dimensional graphene hybrid B is formed on the surface of the boron fiber by deposition through chemical vapor deposition 4 C, a composite transition layer;
hybridization B of the three-dimensional graphene by adopting physical vapor deposition method 4 And depositing a copper metal layer on the surface of the C composite transition layer to obtain the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the conditions of the chemical vapor deposition method include: vacuum degree of at least 8×10 -2 Pa, and the temperature is 900-1300 ℃; the volume flow ratio of the carbon source gas, the boron source gas and the reducing gas is 2: (1-5): (1-4).
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the carbon source gas is methane, the boron source gas is boron trichloride, and the reducing gas is hydrogen.
8. A continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material prepared from a boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire, wherein the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire is prepared by the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wire according to any one of claims 1 to 4 or the preparation method according to any one of claims 5 to 7.
9. The method for preparing the continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material of claim 8, comprising the steps of:
and (3) arranging the boron fiber reinforced copper-based precursor wires along the length direction, and then performing hot isostatic pressing to obtain the continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material.
10. The use of the continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material of claim 8 or the continuous boron fiber reinforced copper-based composite material prepared by the preparation method of claim 9 in a nuclear fusion reactor divertor.
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