CN114990015A - Preparation method of quantum dot material - Google Patents
Preparation method of quantum dot material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114990015A CN114990015A CN202210615760.8A CN202210615760A CN114990015A CN 114990015 A CN114990015 A CN 114990015A CN 202210615760 A CN202210615760 A CN 202210615760A CN 114990015 A CN114990015 A CN 114990015A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of material synthesis, in particular to a preparation method of a quantum dot material. The preparation method of the quantum dot material comprises the following steps: inoculating anaerobic bacteria into a first culture system, and performing aerobic culture to obtain a bacterial liquid; inoculating the bacterial liquid into a second culture system, performing aerobic culture, and centrifuging to obtain bacterial sludge; mixing the bacterial sludge, water-soluble divalent cadmium salt and water-soluble selenite in a third culture system, and performing anaerobic culture to obtain thalli; ultrasonically crushing the thalli, dissolving the thalli, and centrifugally collecting precipitates to obtain the quantum dot material; the first culture system, the second culture system and the third culture system comprise culture mediums or culture solutions; the first culture system, the second culture system and the third culture system may be the same or different. The invention aims to develop a novel method for efficiently, simply and conveniently regulating and controlling the synthesis of bio-QDs, and realize the rapid, controllable and large-scale synthesis of high-performance bio-QDs.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of material synthesis, in particular to a preparation method of a quantum dot material.
Background
Quantum Dots (QDs) are nano materials with unique photoelectric properties and small particle sizes, and are widely applied to the fields of biological imaging, detection, solar cells, light emitting diode manufacturing and the like. At present, people generally adopt a chemical preparation method to prepare quantum dots. The method can realize the high-efficiency controllable synthesis of the quantum dots, but has the defects of high energy consumption, harsh reaction conditions (high temperature and high pressure), secondary pollution generation and the like. Therefore, the quantum dots synthesized by the chemical method generally have higher production cost, and the large-scale application of the quantum dots is limited.
In recent years, a method for synthesizing quantum dots by using microbial cells has attracted much attention, and is considered to be an alternative method with better development prospects than a chemical preparation method. A series of Bio-quantum dots (Bio-QDs) based on heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), copper and the like have been successfully prepared as "Bio-factories" using various organisms. However, the bio-QDs obtained have a complex composition due to the complex and difficult control of the biological metabolic process, and their photoelectric properties are not comparable to those of chemically synthesized QDs. In addition, since heavy metal ions used for the synthesis of QDs have strong biotoxicity, microbial activity is often inhibited, resulting in slow synthesis of bio-QDs and low yield.
The existing microbial preparation method is mainly to utilize bacteria to remove Cd in an aerobic environment 2+ And SeO 3 2- Conversion of the body to CdS by intracellular metabolic processes x S e1-x . Coli (e.coli) can utilize intracellular Glutathione (GSH) to convert SeO 3 2- Is reduced and converted into organic selenium, and then is reacted with Cd 2+ Chelation forms a CdSe complex with partial Cd 2+ Directly combines with reducing biomolecules such as GSH and the like to form CdS. Biomolecules such as GSH play a key role in the process of bio-QDs synthesis. Therefore, the existing regulation and control methods mainly focus on how to improve the synthesis of biomolecules such as GSH, but neglect to regulate and control the consumption process. In fact, the heavy metal ions with high concentration in the synthesis process of bio-QDs can induce cells to generate oxidative stress so as to consume GSH in large quantityAnd the original biological molecules are the important potential reasons that the intracellular GSH concentration is difficult to increase and the synthesis efficiency of the bio-QDs is low.
In response to the above problems, researchers have attempted to regulate the synthesis of bio-QDs by various means such as genetic engineering, metabolic regulation, and environmental stimulation. However, these regulation methods cannot fundamentally solve the problem that the cell metabolism and synthesis ability are inhibited, and thus the synthesis efficiency of bio-QDs is still low and the performance thereof is still to be improved. Large-scale, rapid, controlled synthesis of highly active bio-QDs remains a current key challenge.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for preparing a quantum dot material. The invention aims to develop a novel method for efficiently, simply and conveniently regulating and controlling the synthesis of bio-QDs to realize the rapid, controllable and large-scale synthesis of high-performance bio-QDs, and provides a method for regulating and controlling CdS by regulating and controlling oxygen concentration x Se 1-x We find that compared with the conventional aerobic culture system, the consumption of biomolecules such as GSH (glutathione) of the microorganisms under the anaerobic culture condition is remarkably reduced, the synthesis rate of the biomolecules is greatly improved, and the activity of the microorganisms is also remarkably improved, so that the rapid and efficient synthesis of the bio-QDs can be realized.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a preparation method of a quantum dot material, which comprises the following steps:
s1: inoculating anaerobic bacteria into a first culture system, and performing aerobic culture to obtain a bacterial liquid;
s2: inoculating the bacterial liquid into a second culture system, performing aerobic culture, and centrifuging to obtain bacterial sludge;
s3: mixing the bacterial sludge, water-soluble divalent cadmium salt and water-soluble selenite in a third culture system, and performing anaerobic culture to obtain thalli;
s4: ultrasonically crushing the thalli, dissolving the thalli, and centrifugally collecting precipitates to obtain the quantum dot material;
the first culture system, the second culture system, and the third culture system include a culture medium or a culture solution;
the first culture system, the second culture system and the third culture system may be the same or different.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the culture medium or the culture solution in the preparation method comprises LB and/or M9, and has a pH of 6.8-7.2.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the above medium or culture solution in the above preparation method comprises LB and/or M9, and has a pH of 7.0.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the time of the aerobic cultivation in the above preparation methods S1 and S2 is 12 hours.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method S2, the volume ratio of the bacterial liquid to the second culture system is 1:10 to 100.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the anaerobic condition in the preparation method S3 is achieved by nitrogen aeration for 20-30 min.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the anaerobic condition in the above preparation method S3 is achieved by nitrogen gas aeration for 30 min.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the water-soluble divalent cadmium salt in the above preparation method S3 includes one or more of cadmium chloride, cadmium sulfate; the water-soluble selenite comprises sodium selenite.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the anaerobic cultivation in the preparation method S3 is performed for 40 to 240min at a temperature of 35 to 37 ℃ and a humidity of 50 to 70%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature of the anaerobic culture in the above preparation method S3 is 37 ℃.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the time of the anaerobic cultivation in the above preparation method S3 is 40 min.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the anaerobic cultivation time in the above preparation method S3 is 240 min.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the humidity of the anaerobic culture in the above preparation method S3 is 50%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the humidity of the anaerobic culture in the above preparation method S3 is 60%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the humidity of the anaerobic culture in the above preparation method S3 is 70%.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method S4, the ultrasonic pulverization time is 5 to 10min, and the frequency is 200 to 400 Hz.
In some embodiments of the present invention, in the preparation method S4, the ultrasonic pulverization time is 5 to 10min, and the frequency is 200 Hz.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the lysozyme for lysing bacteria in the preparation method S4 includes proteinase K, the final concentration of the proteinase K is 100 to 150 μ g/mL, and the enzyme activity is 1000U/g.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the lysozyme for solubilizing bacteria in the preparation method S4 includes proteinase K, wherein the final concentration of the proteinase K is 100 μ g/mL, and the enzyme activity is 1000U/g.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the temperature for dissolving the above-mentioned dissolved cells in the above-mentioned preparation method S4 is 37 ℃ for 30 min.
The invention provides a preparation method of a quantum dot material, which comprises the following steps:
s1: inoculating anaerobic bacteria into a first culture system, and performing aerobic culture to obtain a bacterial liquid;
s2: inoculating the bacterial liquid into a second culture system, carrying out aerobic culture, and centrifuging to obtain bacterial sludge;
s3: mixing the bacterial sludge, water-soluble divalent cadmium salt and water-soluble selenite in a third culture system, and performing anaerobic culture to obtain thalli;
s4: ultrasonically crushing the thalli, dissolving the thalli, and centrifugally collecting precipitates to obtain the quantum dot material;
the first culture system, the second culture system, and the third culture system include a culture medium or a culture solution;
the first culture system, the second culture system and the third culture system may be the same or different.
Compared with the conventional bio-QDs aerobic biosynthesis system, the anaerobic organism preparation method provided by the invention can obviously improve the metabolic activity of microorganisms and the capability of directionally converting precursors to synthesize the bio-QDs. By using the method, the content of the CdSe component in the bio-QDs is obviously improved, and CdS with high quantum yield and long fluorescence life is obtained x Se 1-x Quantum dots, and the synthesis time of the bio-QDs is shortened to only 40min from 24-48 h required by the traditional aerobic culture method. Therefore, the new method for synthesizing bio-QDs provided by the invention can simultaneously realize effective regulation and control of the synthesis rate, the product yield and the components, is simple to operate and is suitable for large-scale production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 shows biological CdS under anaerobic/aerobic control in example 4 x Se 1-x Intracellular ROS, NADPH and GSH concentrations in the quantum dot synthesis process;
wherein: a represents intracellular ROS concentration under anaerobic/aerobic regulation;
c represents intracellular NADPH concentration under anaerobic/aerobic regulation;
d represents intracellular GSH concentration under anaerobic/aerobic regulation;
FIG. 2 shows CdS assembled under anaerobic/aerobic regulation in example 5 x Se 1-x The fluorescence intensity of the quantum dots;
FIG. 3 shows biological CdS under anaerobic regulation in example 6 x Se 1-x Raman of quantum dots, TEM-EDX results of bacterial sections;
wherein: biological CdS under anaerobic regulation and control by A x Se 1-x A Raman spectrum of the quantum dots;
b shows TEM section of bacteria under anaerobic regulation;
cds under anaerobic regulation x Se 1-x EDX results for quantum dots;
FIG. 4 shows CdS assembled under anaerobic/aerobic regulation in example 7 x Se 1-x Quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of (a);
wherein: a shows CdS assembled under anaerobic/aerobic regulation x Se 1-x Quantum yield of (a);
b shows CdS assembled under anaerobic/aerobic regulation x Se 1-x The fluorescence lifetime of (a);
FIG. 5 shows CdS assembled under anaerobic/aerobic regulation in example 6 x Se 1-x In-situ Raman imaging of quantum dots and TEM-EDX results of bacterial sections;
wherein: assembling CdS under anaerobic/aerobic regulation and control x Se 1-x In-situ single cell Raman imaging of the quantum dots;
b shows CdS under anaerobic/aerobic regulation x Se 1-x Raman intensity of the quantum dots;
CsS assembled under anaerobic/aerobic regulation x Se 1-x TEM images of cell sections of quantum dots;
d shows EDX results for extracellular material under aerobic regulation.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a preparation method of a quantum dot material.
It should be understood that one or more of the expressions "… …" individually includes each of the stated objects after the expression and various different combinations of two or more of the stated objects, unless otherwise understood from the context and usage. The expression "and/or" in connection with three or more of the stated objects shall be understood to have the same meaning unless otherwise understood from the context.
The use of the terms "comprising," "having," or "containing," including grammatical equivalents thereof, are generally to be construed as open-ended and non-limiting, e.g., without excluding other unstated elements or steps, unless specifically stated otherwise or otherwise understood from context.
It should be understood that the order of steps or order for performing certain actions is immaterial so long as the invention remains operable. Further, two or more steps or actions may be performed simultaneously.
The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language such as "for example" or "including" herein, is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention unless otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element as essential to the practice of the invention.
Moreover, the numerical ranges and parameters setting forth the invention are approximations that may have numerical values that are within the numerical ranges specified in the specific examples. Any numerical value, however, inherently contains certain standard deviations found in their respective testing measurements. Accordingly, unless expressly stated otherwise, it is understood that all ranges, amounts, values and percentages used in this disclosure are by weight modified by "about". As used herein, "about" generally means that the actual value is within plus or minus 10%, 5%, 1%, or 0.5% of a particular value or range.
Cultivation of Escherichia coli, CdS x Se 1-x In the rapid assembly, purification and performance index test, the raw materials and reagents used are all available on the market.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples:
EXAMPLE 1 cultivation of E.coli
Selecting a strain Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli Jm 109); inoculating Escherichia coli into 50mL aerobic LB medium (containing yeast extract 5g/L, tryptone 10g/L and sodium chloride 10g/L, pH 7), and shaking at 37 deg.C (200rpm) for 12 hr to obtain bacterial liquid; transferring the bacterial liquid into 200mL LB culture medium at a volume ratio of 1:10, and continuously activating for 12h under the same conditions to obtain the bacterial liquid.
EXAMPLE 2 cultivation of E.coli
Selecting a strain Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli Jm 109); inoculating Escherichia coli into 50mL aerobic LB medium (containing yeast extract 5g/L, tryptone 10g/L and sodium chloride 10g/L, pH 7), and shaking at 37 deg.C (200rpm) for 12 hr to obtain a bacterial solution; transferring the bacterial liquid into 200mL LB culture medium at a volume ratio of 1:50, and continuously activating for 12h under the same conditions to obtain the bacterial liquid.
EXAMPLE 3 cultivation of E.coli
Selecting a strain Escherichia coli (Escherichia coli Jm 109); inoculating Escherichia coli into 50mL aerobic LB medium (containing yeast extract 5g/L, tryptone 10g/L and sodium chloride 10g/L, pH 7), and shaking at 37 deg.C (200rpm) for 12 hr to obtain bacterial liquid; transferring the bacterial liquid into 200mL LB culture medium at a volume ratio of 1:100, and continuously activating for 12h under the same conditions to obtain the bacterial liquid.
Example 4CdS x Se 1-x Is quickly assembled
The bacterial liquid obtained in example 1 was collected by centrifugation, washed 2 to 3 times with LB medium and resuspended, the bacterial suspension (OD600 ═ 3) was transferred to an anaerobic/aerobic reactor containing the medium, and the anaerobic reactor was sterilized by aeration with nitrogen (30min) at 121 ℃, 20 min). 1mM of water-soluble selenite was added to the system, followed by 3mM of water-soluble divalent cadmium salt. Performing constant-temperature shaking culture at a rotation speed of 200rpm for 240min at a culture temperature of 37 ℃ and a humidity of 50% to obtain a bacterial liquid.
Example 5CdS x Se 1-x Is quickly assembled
The bacterial liquid obtained in example 2 was collected by centrifugation, washed 2 to 3 times with LB medium and resuspended, and the bacterial suspension (OD600 ═ 3) was transferred to an anaerobic/aerobic reactor containing the medium, and the anaerobic reactor was sterilized uniformly (121 ℃, 20min) after being aerated with nitrogen (30 min). 1mM of water-soluble selenite was added to the system, followed by 3mM of water-soluble divalent cadmium salt. Performing constant-temperature shaking culture at a rotation speed of 200rpm for 240min at a culture temperature of 37 ℃ and a humidity of 60% to obtain a bacterial liquid.
Example 6CdS x Se 1-x Is quickly assembled
The bacterial liquid obtained in example 3 was collected by centrifugation, washed 2 to 3 times with LB medium and resuspended, and the bacterial suspension (OD600 ═ 3) was transferred to an anaerobic/aerobic reactor containing the medium, and the anaerobic reactor was sterilized uniformly (121 ℃, 20min) after being aerated with nitrogen (30 min). 1mM of water-soluble selenite was added to the system, followed by 3mM of water-soluble divalent cadmium salt. Performing constant-temperature shaking culture at a rotation speed of 200rpm for 40min at a culture temperature of 37 ℃ and a humidity of 70% to obtain a bacterial liquid.
Example 7CdS x Se 1-x Purification of quantum dots
The bacterial suspension obtained in example 4 was centrifuged for 10min (5000rpm), the supernatant was removed, the collected bacterial cells were washed 2 to 3 times with 10mM Tris-HCl (pH 7.6) buffer, and then resuspended in this solution, the bacterial cells were disrupted to be transparent using a 200Hz sonicator, and the supernatant solution was collected by centrifugation. Proteinase K with the enzyme activity of 1000U/g and the enzyme concentration of 100 mu g/mL is added into the obtained supernatant solution and is stood at 37 ℃ for reaction for 30 min. The solution after the reaction was centrifuged (4000rpm) through an ultrafiltration tube to obtain a precipitate. The pellet was resuspended in Tris-HCl buffer for quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime characterization.
Example 8 intracellular ROS concentration assay
200. mu.L of the bacterial suspension obtained in example 4 was used to test intracellular ROS concentration, centrifuged at 5000g for 10min and the supernatant discarded, and the pellet was washed twice with PBS solution. The precipitate was incubated in PBS solution containing 10. mu.M 2 '7' -dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) for 40min (37 ℃), the precipitate was collected and the fluorescence intensity was measured at an excitation wavelength of 485nm and an emission wavelength of 520 nm.
The results show that FIG. 1A shows CdS under the anaerobic/aerobic group regulation of bacterial liquid detection obtained in example 4 x Se 1-x Intracellular ROS concentration in the process of quantum dot synthesis. As can be seen from fig. 1A, compared with the aerobic synthetic group, the ROS level decreased by 86.2% after the anaerobic group was incubated in the medium containing Se and Cd for 4 hours, indicating that the cells under anaerobic conditions would have higher biological quantum dot synthesis activity due to less ROS generation.
Example 9 intracellular NADPH and T-GSH concentration assay
1mL of the bacterial liquid obtained in example 4 is taken to be respectively used for testing intracellular NADPH and GSH concentration, centrifugation is carried out for 10min at 5000g, supernatant is discarded, a precipitate is suspended in 1mL of lysis buffer, and two reducing biomolecules are respectively quantified by using GSH and NADPH reagent detection boxes (Bilun day biotechnology, China).
FIGS. 1B and C are CdS under anaerobic/aerobic group regulation in bacterial liquid detection obtained in example 4 x Se 1-x Intracellular NADPH and T-GSH concentrations during quantum dot synthesis. The results showed that the anaerobic group increased NADPH levels 5.1 fold (fig. 1B), GSH levels 5.9 fold (fig. 1C), and that high concentrations of GSH as an effective antidote increased bacterial activity under metal stress (fig. 1A) compared to the aerobic control.
Example 10CdS x Se 1-x Fluorescence property test of quantum dots
2mL of the bacterial solutions obtained in example 5 were used for testing CdS x Se 1-x And (3) the fluorescence property of the quantum dots is 6000g, the quantum dots are centrifuged for 10min, supernatant is discarded, and precipitates are washed for 2-3 times by Tris-HCl buffer solution and then are resuspended in 200 mu L of the buffer solution. The photoluminescence spectra of the samples were measured using a fluorescence spectrometer and the fluorescence emission spectra were recorded at 291nm and 348nm excitation wavelengths for the anaerobic/aerobic groups, respectively.
FIG. 2 shows the bacterial liquid obtained in example 5 for detecting CdS assembled under anaerobic/aerobic control x Se 1-x Fluorescence intensity results for quantum dots. The time-resolved fluorescence spectrum quantitative analysis result shows that CdS is in the emission wavelengths of 560nm (aerobic) and 430nm (anaerobic) x Se 1-x The fluorescence intensity of the quantum dots continuously increased, and the fluorescence intensity has peaked at 40min in the anaerobic condition, while the aerobic group is kept at a low level of intensity all the time (fig. 2). The results show that the Escherichia coli cells synthesize CdS x Se 1-x After the biological quantum dots are converted from aerobic to anaerobic conditions, the synthesis speed is greatly increased.
Example 11 Raman characterization test
1mL of the bacterial solution obtained in example 6 was taken, centrifuged at 6000g for 10min, the supernatant was discarded, and the pellet was washed 2-3 times with Tris-HCl buffer and resuspended in 200. mu.L of this buffer. And testing the Raman spectrum of the sample by using a micro-Raman spectrometer, wherein the Raman imaging of the cell is generated by integrating each Raman spectrum at each position point for 10 seconds through a laser spot.
FIG. 3A and FIG. 5A are respectivelyOther CdS obtained in example 6 and subjected to anaerobic regulation and control by bacterial liquid detection x Se 1-x Raman spectrum of the biological quantum dot and single cell Raman imaging result under anaerobic/aerobic regulation. As can be seen from FIG. 3A, the in situ Raman spectrum of the cellular fluorophore is shown at 202cm -1 And 400cm -1 Has two obvious strong peaks (belonging to Cd-Se bond) at 275cm -1 Has a weak peak (belonging to Cd-S bond), and CdS is obtained by anaerobic regulation x Se 1-x Biological quantum dots. CdS obtained by further analyzing anaerobic/aerobic group through single cell Raman spectrum x Se 1-x Biological quantum dot composition differences. The results in FIG. 5A show that the Cd-Se and Cd-S signals in both groups of cells are highly overlapping and evenly distributed. It is noteworthy that the strength of the Cd-Se bond is higher than that of the Cd-S bond (FIG. 5B) for the anaerobic group alone, indicating that the CdSe content of the anaerobically synthesized biological quantum dots is higher.
Example 12 bacterial sections and TEM-EDX characterisation
1mL of the bacterial suspension obtained in example 6 was centrifuged at 6000g for 5min, and the supernatant was discarded. The pellet was resuspended with 2.5% glutaraldehyde and 4% paraformaldehyde and fixed for 12 h. Washing with PBS for 3 times, dehydrating with ethanol with concentration gradient, wrapping with epoxy resin, cutting into nanosheets with thickness of 50-100 nm, and placing on an aluminum net for transmission electron microscope characterization and element analysis.
FIGS. 3B and 5C are TEM images of single cells under anaerobic regulation and TEM results of multi-cell sections under anaerobic/aerobic regulation, respectively, in example 6. As can be seen from FIGS. 3B and 3C, the quantum dots rich in Cd, Se and S elements are assembled in cells under anaerobic regulation, and most cells have completed CdS within 40min x S 1-x Intracellular assembly of biological quantum dots, but the aerobic group is equivalent to a part of Cd 2+ This is evidenced by the formation of extracellular nanoparticles (fig. 5C) due to slow uptake process and precipitation on the cell surface.
Example 13CdS x Se 1-x Quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime testing of quantum dots
Taking 1mL of bacterial liquid obtained in example 6, and obtaining CdS through a purification step x Se 1-x bio-QDs。CdS x Se 1-x Fluorescence lifetime ofSpectra were collected at 575nm using a fluorescence spectrometer with an excitation wavelength of 340 nm.
FIG. 4 is assembled CdS under anaerobic/aerobic regulation for precipitation detection obtained in example 7 x Se 1-x Quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of (a). The results show that compared with the biological quantum dots synthesized by the aerobic method, the quantum yield can be remarkably improved by 7.8 times and the fluorescence lifetime can be improved by 32.8 times in the anaerobic culture within 40 minutes (figure 4).
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the quantum dot material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: inoculating anaerobic bacteria into a first culture system, and performing aerobic culture to obtain a bacterial liquid;
s2: inoculating the bacterial liquid into a second culture system, carrying out aerobic culture, and centrifuging to obtain bacterial sludge;
s3: mixing the bacterial sludge, water-soluble divalent cadmium salt and water-soluble selenite in a third culture system, and carrying out anaerobic culture to obtain thalli;
s4: ultrasonically crushing the thalli, dissolving the thalli, and centrifugally collecting precipitates to obtain the quantum dot material;
the first culture system, the second culture system and the third culture system comprise culture media or culture solutions;
the first culture system, the second culture system, and the third culture system may be the same or different.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the culture medium or the culture solution comprises LB and/or M9, and has a pH of 6.8 to 7.2.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aerobic cultivation in S1 and S2 is carried out for 12 hours.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a volume ratio of the bacterial liquid to the second culture system in S2 is 1:10 to 100.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the anaerobic condition in S3 is achieved by nitrogen aeration for 20-30 min.
6. The method of any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the water soluble divalent cadmium salt in S3 includes one or more of cadmium chloride, cadmium sulfate; the water-soluble selenite comprises sodium selenite.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the anaerobic cultivation in S3 is carried out for 40 to 240min at a temperature of 35 to 37 ℃ and a humidity of 50 to 70%.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the ultrasonic pulverization in S4 is carried out for 5 to 10min at a frequency of 200 to 400 Hz.
9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the lysozyme for solubilizing bacteria in S4 comprises proteinase K, the final concentration of the proteinase K is 100-150 μ g/mL, and the enzyme activity is 1000U/g.
10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the temperature for dissolving the cell in S4 is 37 ℃ for 30 min.
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