CN114988836B - High-strength gypsum mortar and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
High-strength gypsum mortar and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114988836B CN114988836B CN202210699406.8A CN202210699406A CN114988836B CN 114988836 B CN114988836 B CN 114988836B CN 202210699406 A CN202210699406 A CN 202210699406A CN 114988836 B CN114988836 B CN 114988836B
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- 239000011426 gypsum mortar Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical group O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 35
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 22
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000009775 high-speed stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical group OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JQMFQLVAJGZSQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[3-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-3-oxopropyl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)C(CCC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)=O DEXFNLNNUZKHNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004278 EU approved seasoning Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011194 food seasoning agent Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- NYGZLYXAPMMJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M metanil yellow Chemical group [Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC(N=NC=2C=CC(NC=3C=CC=CC=3)=CC=2)=C1 NYGZLYXAPMMJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003359 percent control normalization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 silicate radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/143—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being phosphogypsum
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
- C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/80—Optical properties, e.g. transparency or reflexibility
- C04B2111/82—Coloured materials
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F2290/00—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for
- E04F2290/04—Specially adapted covering, lining or flooring elements not otherwise provided for for insulation or surface protection, e.g. against noise, impact or fire
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of gypsum mortar, and in particular relates to high-strength gypsum mortar and a preparation method and application thereof.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of gypsum mortar, and particularly relates to high-strength gypsum mortar and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the promotion of urban construction, house wall decoration engineering is attracting more and more attention. Most of wall decoration spray paint used in the market at present is formed by spraying cement mortar, spraying latex paint, airing, and then dyeing and covering with dye; meanwhile, the gypsum-based wall decoration material is usually doped with cement, so that the quality problems of wall cracking, paint layer falling and the like are easy to occur due to lower adhesive force.
The Chinese patent with the application number of CN201710087767.6 discloses a preparation method of phosphogypsum-based external wall internal heat insulation anti-cracking mortar, which comprises, by mass, 40% -80% of phosphogypsum, 20% -50% of baking sand, 0% -20% of cement, 0% -5% of fly ash, 0% -0.2% of high-performance plasticizer, 0% -0.2% of thixotropic agent, 0.1% -0.3% of water-retaining agent, 0.01% -0.4% of gypsum retarder, 0% -3% of high-molecular polymer and 0% -0.25% of anti-cracking fiber. The invention takes the phosphogypsum which is an industrial byproduct and is calcined by water as a cementing material, solves the problem that a cement-based material is easy to shrink and empty and crack, and fully utilizes the characteristics of quick setting and hardening, good volume stability and low self-folding ratio of the gypsum material to prepare the anti-crack mortar with the folding ratio of less than 2.5, the operable time of 1-2 h, the final setting time of less than 3h, the bonding strength with the heat insulation board of more than 0.10MPa and the damage in the heat insulation board. The heat insulation material is used for the internal heat insulation of the outer wall, has low cost, reduces environmental pollution, and has simple production process, low energy consumption, good product performance, market competitiveness and strong practicability compared with other heat insulation board crack-resistant products.
The Chinese patent with the application number of CN202111228530.8 discloses special high-strength waterproof gypsum mortar for the outer wall of a house, phosphogypsum is used as a main material, phosphogypsum waste is fully utilized to prepare the gypsum mortar, the technical effects of energy conservation, emission reduction and recycling are achieved, and compared with other phosphogypsum-based materials, the special high-strength waterproof gypsum mortar has strong adhesive property, and the conditions of cracking, severe skinning and even whole falling of the wall can be fully avoided. As the test shows that the special high-strength waterproof gypsum mortar soaked for more than 10 months does not generate any adverse phenomenon, other problems caused by water soaking can be effectively avoided.
However, in the prior art, fine sand or cement is still required to be mixed, so that on one hand, the utilization rate of gypsum is reduced, on the other hand, the phenomenon that the bonding performance is not ideal still can not be effectively overcome by mixing cement, the cost is high, the consumption of cement can be reduced by mixing fine sand, so that the cost is reduced, but the fine sand has high water absorption rate, the content of free water in a mortar matrix is reduced, and the rheological property of mortar is further deteriorated.
In addition, the requirements on the outer wall decoration material and the inner wall decoration material in the building field are different, for example, pollution resistance, easy cleaning, water resistance and the like are required for the inner wall decoration material, and the outer wall decoration material is required to be fireproof, waterproof, corrosion resistant and the like, so that the high-strength gypsum mortar suitable for house wall decoration is researched.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides high-strength gypsum mortar and a preparation method and application thereof.
The method is realized by the following technical scheme:
the high-strength gypsum mortar consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.5 to 5 percent of excitant, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of waterproof agent, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of water reducer, 0.3 to 0.8 percent of rubber powder, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of cellulose and the balance of high-temperature gypsum powder.
Further, the high-strength gypsum mortar comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2.5% of exciting agent, 0.3% of waterproofing agent, 0.3% of water reducing agent, 0.5% of rubber powder, 0.4% of cellulose and the balance of high-temperature gypsum powder.
The high-temperature gypsum powder is phosphogypsum powder calcined at the high temperature of 300-450 ℃.
Further, the water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid water reducer.
Further, the cellulose is hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
Further, the waterproof agent is a fatty acid waterproof agent or an organosilicon waterproof agent.
The excitant consists of ammonia water, sodium silicate, lithium silicate and titanium dioxide.
The exciting agent consists of ammonia water 30-35 wt%, lithium silicate 6-9 wt%, titania 0.2-0.7 wt% and sodium silicate for the rest.
The size of the sodium silicate is 1-10 mu m.
The lithium silicate has a size of 1-10 μm.
The size of the titanium dioxide is 1-100nm.
The preparation method of the high-strength gypsum mortar comprises the steps of weighing high-temperature gypsum powder, an exciting agent, a waterproof agent, a water reducing agent, rubber powder and cellulose according to a formula, and placing the high-temperature gypsum powder, the exciting agent, the waterproof agent, the water reducing agent, the rubber powder and the cellulose in a stirrer to stir for 5-10 min.
The application of the high-strength gypsum mortar in preparing house wall decoration materials.
Further, the house wall decoration material is an outer wall decoration material or an inner wall decoration material.
The application method of the high-strength gypsum mortar in the preparation of house wall decoration materials comprises the steps of calculating the consumption of the high-strength gypsum mortar according to the spraying area, adding 35% -60% of water and/or 0.1% -0.5% of color pigment into each kilogram of the high-strength gypsum mortar, stirring at a high speed for 110-130s, stirring the mortar into slurry in a fluid state, and rapidly spraying the slurry in the fluid state to a wall surface layer by using a slurry spraying machine.
The rotating speed of the high-speed stirring is 600-800 rpm.
Technical principle:
phosphogypsum is used as a main component of the mortar, so that the mortar can be endowed with good water retention, and the cracking phenomenon caused by rapid water loss is avoided. The quality and volume of gypsum crystals become increasingly larger in the coagulation phenomenon, so that the net structure becomes dense, thereby improving the compressive and flexural strength.
Ammonia water, sodium silicate, lithium silicate and titanium dioxide are used as exciting agents, so that the active production of hydration products can be effectively excited, silicate radicals can be generated by hydrolysis of the sodium silicate and the lithium silicate, the generation of C-S-H gel is facilitated, and the lithium ions are small in radius and high in charge density, so that the lithium ions can be better transmitted and migrated in phosphogypsum pores, the reaction is fully carried out, the internal pore structure is well sealed, and the curing, surface modification, antifouling and waterproof effects of mortar are improved.
The size of the sodium silicate and the lithium silicate is strictly regulated, so that the dispersing effect of the sodium silicate and the lithium silicate can be improved, and the excitation is comprehensive and sufficient; the ammonia water, sodium silicate and lithium silicate are utilized, so that potential safety hazards caused by directly using a strong alkali reagent and corrosion and damage to stirring equipment are avoided, the production cost can be reduced, and the equipment maintenance cost can be reduced.
Defining the size of the titanium dioxide can improve its adsorption effect, and enhance compatibility and binding ability with other materials.
The rotation speed of high-speed stirring is limited, so that on one hand, the mechanical excitation effect can be exerted, and further, the effective combination with chemical excitation is realized, and on the other hand, the activity and the contact property of a substance can be improved.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) The high-strength gypsum mortar has excellent waterproof performance and bonding performance, the bonding strength is high, so that the bonding of the gypsum mortar and a wall body is not easy to fall off in a hollow manner, and the shrinkage of the gypsum mortar in the process of setting and hardening is extremely small and negligible, so that the wall body cannot crack.
(2) The high-strength gypsum mortar disclosed by the invention can simultaneously meet the standards of an outer wall surface and an inner wall surface.
(3) The high-strength gypsum mortar has good compatibility with color seasonings, and has high and uniform coating effect.
(4) The high-strength gypsum mortar has good bonding adsorption effect with the gypsum-based wall material, and can ensure that the falling-off condition caused by non-human factors can not occur for a long time.
(5) The high-strength gypsum mortar has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, simple formula and wide raw material sources.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention is provided in further detail, but the invention is not limited to these embodiments, any modifications or substitutions in the basic spirit of the present examples, which still fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Example 1 to example 5
The high-strength gypsum mortar consists of the following raw materials in percentage by mass:
TABLE 1
| Project | Exciting agent | Waterproof agent | Water reducing agent | Rubber powder | Cellulose | High temperature gypsum |
| Example 1 | 0.5％ | 0.1％ | 0.1％ | 0.3％ | 0.3％ | 98.7％ |
| Example 2 | 5％ | 0.5％ | 0.5％ | 0.8％ | 0.5％ | 92.7％ |
| Example 3 | 5％ | 0.2％ | 0.4％ | 0.6％ | 0.5％ | 93.3％ |
| Example 4 | 2.5％ | 0.3％ | 0.3％ | 0.5％ | 0.4％ | 96.0％ |
| Example 5 | 2％ | 0.4％ | 0.2％ | 0.7％ | 0.4％ | 96.3％ |
| Control group | -- | 0.3％ | 0.3％ | 0.5％ | 0.4％ | 98.5％ |
The high-temperature gypsum powder is phosphogypsum powder calcined at a high temperature of 300 ℃;
the water reducer is a polycarboxylic acid water reducer;
the cellulose is hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose;
the waterproof agent is a fatty acid waterproof agent;
the excitant consists of ammonia water, sodium silicate, lithium silicate and titanium dioxide;
the exciting agent consists of, by mass, 32% of ammonia water, 8% of lithium silicate, 0.5% of titanium dioxide and the balance sodium silicate;
the sodium silicate has a size of 5 μm.
The lithium silicate has a size of 5 μm.
The size of the titanium dioxide is 50nm.
The preparation method of the high-strength gypsum mortar comprises the steps of weighing high-temperature gypsum powder, an exciting agent, a waterproof agent, a water reducing agent, rubber powder and cellulose according to a formula, and stirring the materials in a stirrer for 10min to obtain the high-strength gypsum mortar;
compressive strength detection: raw materials are measured according to the test proportion, 60% of water is added into each kilogram of high-strength gypsum mortar to prepare uniform slurry, the uniform slurry is poured into a mortar slurry test mould with the dimensions of 70.7mm multiplied by 70.7mm, the mixture is demoulded after 24 hours, the test block is tested for compressive strength at the age of 7d and 28d according to the test block for maintenance required by the test standard GB/T17669.3-1999 "building gypsum mechanical property test", and the results are shown in Table 2;
TABLE 2
Simulation of mortar mechanical spraying construction site: firstly, building a red brick masonry wall with a length of 2m multiplied by 1.8m in a laboratory space site, and reinforcing the wall by adopting a reinforcement planting technology because the foundation is a concrete structure so as to ensure that the masonry wall cannot collapse. The two surfaces of the wall body are respectively plastered by mechanical spraying and artificial plastering. Firstly, making a lime cake before plastering, after determining the correct position of the lime cake, firstly plastering the lime cake, then plastering the lime cake, and then leveling the lime cake by using a laser leveling instrument, and waiting for formal mechanical spraying and manual plastering; the method comprises the steps of weighing dry-mixed plastering mortar for mechanical spraying, pouring the dry-mixed plastering mortar into a stirring hopper feed inlet of a mortar stirring and spraying integrated machine, starting a power supply of the stirring machine, uniformly stirring the mortar, pouring tap water prepared in advance, mixing water by 60%, opening a stirring hopper discharge outlet after the mortar is stirred, transferring the mortar into a hopper of the spraying machine, firstly opening an air pump, then opening a screw pump, and when the discharge of a spray gun port is uniform and continuous, starting the spray gun port to aim at a wall surface to carry out round spraying according to an S-shaped route from top to bottom, adjusting the angle and distance of a spray nozzle from the wall surface according to the pressure of the air pump of the spraying machine and the discharge condition of the spray gun port, and adjusting the moving speed of the spray gun according to the discharge speed, so that the mortar covers the wall surface approximately uniformly, and the spraying achieves the optimal construction effect. After the spraying operation is finished, the mortar remained in the pipeline is washed to be dry in time; after the sprayed mortar is initially set, the aluminum alloy guiding ruler is used for scraping the excessive mortar beyond the ash cake, so that the basic flatness of the wall surface is ensured. Secondly, if the thickness of the local mortar is smaller than that of the mortar cake, the mortar should be used for supplementing in time, and after the plastering of the kneaded and compacted mortar is completed, the mortar is sprayed and cured in time, the mortar should be cured for 3 times per day, and the spraying and curing times are adjusted according to weather conditions.
After mechanical spraying plastering and artificial plastering are completed, the plastering layer is subjected to water spraying maintenance, and after the maintenance is finished, the mortar is subjected to on-site tensile bonding strength simulation detection. The test method refers to the specification of the industrial standard JGJ/T220-2010 plastering mortar technical specification, and the tensile bonding strength test steps of the plastering mortar are as follows:
(1) After the plastering layer reaches a specified age (namely after the plastering construction is completed for 28 days), carrying out tensile bonding strength test sampling, wherein the sampling area is more than 2m 2 The number of samples was 7.
(2) Scribing on the plastering layer according to the size of the drawing plate, then cutting by a hand-held cutting machine according to the scribing size, wherein the cutting is deep into the base layer, the cutting is slightly longer than the size boundary of the drawing plate, the depth of the cut base layer is not more than 2mm, and the damaged sample is wasted.
(3) Bonding the drawing plate, and meeting the following requirements: a. before bonding, removing dirt and impurities on the surfaces of the drawing plate and the plastering layer, keeping the surface dry, and preheating the drawing plate when the field temperature is lower than 5 ℃; b. the adhesive, namely the good ab adhesive, is used according to the specification proportion, is uniformly stirred and used at the same time, and covers the drawing plate with the scribing dimension of 100% when being smeared; c. after the drawing plate is stuck, the drawing plate is lightly pressed by hands until the drawing plate does not fall.
(4) And a tension rod with a universal joint is arranged on the top drawing plate, passes through the center of the jack of the bonding strength detector and is vertical to the drawing plate.
(5) And adjusting a jack piston, screwing a tension rod nut after the detector is fixed, and zeroing the digital display.
(6) And (3) rotating the handle at a constant speed to boost until the plastering layer is broken, and recording the peak value of the display to obtain the tensile bonding strength load of the group of test pieces.
(7) After the test is finished, the adhesive on the surface of the pulling plate is cleaned and placed at a drying position.
The determination of the test result accords with the specification of JGJ/T220-2010 plastering mortar technical specification: (1) test tensile bond strength was calculated as per 1: r is R i ＝X i /S i Wherein R is i The bonding strength (MPa) of the ith sample is accurate to 0.1MPa; x is X i The adhesion (N) of the ith sample was accurate to 1N; s is S i The cross-sectional area (mm) of the ith sample 2 ) Accurate to 1mm 2 . (2) The average of the tensile bond strength of 7 samples should be taken as the test result. When one of the 7 measured values exceeds 20% of the average value, the maximum value and the minimum value should be removed, and the average value of the bonding strength of the remaining 5 samples is taken as a test result; when one of the 5 measured values exceeds 20% of the average value, the maximum value and the minimum value thereof should be removed again, and the average value of the adhesive strengths of the remaining 3 samples should be taken as a test result. When two of the 5 measurements exceeded 20% of the average, the test results of the group were judged to be invalid. The in-situ tensile bond strength test results are shown in table 3;
TABLE 3 Table 3
Example 6
The application of the high-strength gypsum mortar in preparing house outer wall decoration materials; after the consumption of the high-strength gypsum mortar is calculated according to the spraying area, 35% -60% of water is added to each kilogram of the high-strength gypsum mortar, the mortar is stirred at a high speed for 110-130s, the mortar can be stirred into fluid-state slurry, and the fluid-state slurry is sprayed to the wall surface layer rapidly by using a spraying machine.
Example 7
After the consumption of the high-strength gypsum mortar is calculated according to the spraying area, 60 percent of water and 0.5 percent of color pigment are added to each kilogram of the high-strength gypsum mortar, the mortar can be stirred at a high speed for 120 seconds, so that the mortar can be stirred into slurry in a fluid state, and the slurry in the fluid state is sprayed to a wall surface layer rapidly by using a spraying machine.
4 groups of test groups were set to study the compatibility of the colored filler iron oxide red, iron oxide yellow, phthalocyanine blue, monoazo yellow pigment and mortar, and at the same time, a slurry was prepared by the method of this example with no colored pigment as a control group, and after standing for 5min, each group was observed as follows:
TABLE 4 Table 4
Claims (2)
1. The application of the high-strength gypsum mortar in the preparation of house wall decoration materials is characterized in that the high-strength gypsum mortar comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 0.5 to 5 percent of excitant, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of waterproof agent, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of water reducer, 0.3 to 0.8 percent of rubber powder, 0.3 to 0.5 percent of cellulose and the balance of high-temperature gypsum powder;
the high-temperature gypsum powder is phosphogypsum powder calcined at the high temperature of 300-450 ℃;
the exciting agent consists of 30-35% of ammonia water, 6-9% of lithium silicate, 0.2-0.7% of titanium dioxide and the balance of sodium silicate in percentage by mass;
the size of the sodium silicate is 1-10 mu m;
the lithium silicate has a size of 1-10 mu m;
the size of the titanium dioxide is 1-100nm;
the preparation method of the high-strength gypsum mortar comprises the steps of weighing high-temperature gypsum powder, an exciting agent, a waterproof agent, a water reducing agent, rubber powder and cellulose according to a formula, and placing the high-temperature gypsum powder, the exciting agent, the waterproof agent, the water reducing agent, the rubber powder and the cellulose in a stirrer to stir for 5-10 min.
2. The application of the high-strength gypsum mortar in the preparation of house wall decoration materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high-strength gypsum mortar comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2.5% of exciting agent, 0.3% of waterproofing agent, 0.3% of water reducing agent, 0.5% of rubber powder, 0.4% of cellulose and the balance of high-temperature gypsum powder.
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