CN114988564A - Pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device and method - Google Patents
Pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device and a method, which relate to the technical field of sewage treatment and comprise the following steps: the system comprises a fluidized bed activation reactor group, a secondary sedimentation tank, a reservoir, an external cyclone activation separator, a controller, a pressure sensor and an overflow variable frequency pump; the fluidized bed activation reactor group comprises a plurality of fluidized bed activation reactors connected in series, each fluidized bed activation reactor is internally provided with a built-in cyclone activator, and each cyclone activator is internally provided with a cyclone guide plate; the underflow port of the separator is connected with the underflow pipe, the overflow port of the separator is connected with the overflow pipe, the three pressure sensors are respectively used for monitoring the pressure in the inlet of the separator, the pressure in the overflow pipe and the pressure in the underflow pipe, the pump inlet of the overflow variable frequency pump is communicated with the overflow pipe, and the controller can control the pumping flow rate of the overflow variable frequency pump. The pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device and method provided by the invention can activate the activated sludge in the continuous flow granulation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sewage treatment, in particular to a pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device and method.
Background
Aerobic sludge granular sludge has many advantages over conventional activated sludge, such as high biological retention, easy sludge-water separation, ability to undergo various biological processes in the granular structure, impact load resistance, etc., which makes aerobic sludge granulation a promising technology in domestic and industrial wastewater treatment.
The aerobic granular sludge to be activated has the condition of aerobic sludge granulation, thereby ensuring the long-term stable operation of the aerobic granular sludge. At present, most of aerobic granular sludge is cultured in a sequencing batch reactor, and factors for promoting granulation of aerobic activated sludge in the sequencing batch reactor mainly comprise: selective pressure based on sedimentation velocity, alternate environment of rich-poor nutrition periods, hydraulic shear force, organic load rate, influent composition and dissolved oxygen. Among them, selective pressure (microbial population change pressure) based on the sedimentation velocity plays a decisive role in sludge granulation.
Compared with a sequencing batch reactor, the continuous flow aerobic granular sludge reactor has many advantages. Research shows that the factors promoting the granulation of the aerobic activated sludge in the continuous flow reactor mainly comprise: selective pressure based on settling rate, granular sludge circulation system, alternate rich-lean nutrient cycle environment, hydraulic shear force, added organisms (e.g., inoculated aerobic granular sludge produced in a sequencing batch reactor or inoculated biofilm), ambient temperature, and dissolved oxygen, etc. Among them, selective pressure based on settling velocity, rich-poor nutrient environment, and hydraulic shear force are particularly important. The reason is that: the selective pressure based on the sedimentation velocity plays a decisive role in aerobic sludge granulation in the continuous flow reactor, but the existing sludge sedimentation velocity selector is mainly based on the gravity sedimentation principle, is easily interfered by continuous flow, has long sorting time, large floor area, high cost and complex structure and is difficult to regulate and control so as to optimize the sedimentation velocity; the commonly adopted complete mixed type continuous flow reactor is not beneficial to creating alternate rich-poor nutrition period environment; the formation of biofilm is promoted by proper hydraulic shearing force, thereby strengthening the sludge granulation, but the existing continuous flow reactor is basically based on the principle of gravity sedimentation, wherein a hydraulic shearing force field with proper strength is lacked. Of particular note are: the intensity of the selective pressure based on the settling velocity can be regulated and controlled quantitatively, flexibly and stably to optimize the settling velocity of the sludge; the intensity of the hydraulic shearing force can be quantitatively, flexibly and stably regulated and controlled, and the granular sludge can be crushed due to the overlarge hydraulic shearing force.
Recently, researchers have successfully cultured aerobic granular sludge in a continuous flow reactor by flocculent activated sludge in real domestic sewage by using three factors of selective pressure based on sedimentation velocity, a granular sludge circulation system and an alternate rich-poor nutrition period environment: sorting the sludge by using a sludge settling velocity selector based on the gravity settling principle, and optimizing the sludge settling velocity by adjusting the effluent height; the series of plug flow reactors with electric stirrers are used to create spatially alternating rich-lean nutrient cycles. The research is a good research at present because the research breaks through some limitations of the traditional continuous flow aerobic sludge granulation technology.
However, the inventor finds that aerobic granular sludge which can be operated for a long time has small effective porosity, few mass transfer channels and low activity no matter in a sequencing batch reactor or a continuous flow reactor. This causes the internal cells of the aerobic granular sludge to be easily autolyzed to form cavities, which causes the sludge to be unstable and easy to break, and the larger the particle size is, the more serious the above situation is, the reason for which can be found as follows: the existing reactor is basically based on the gravity settling principle, a sufficient hydraulic shear force field is lacked in the reactor, the granular sludge cannot effectively rotate, further the micro-interface oscillation of the granular sludge cannot be effectively driven, and the transfer of substrates and nutrient substances and the diffusion of dissolved oxygen in sludge channels are limited. In addition, the secretion of extracellular polymers playing an important role in stably maintaining aerobic granular sludge is inhibited by the lower hydraulic shearing force, the hydrophobicity of the cell surface is reduced, filamentous bacteria which quickly grow on the granular surface cannot be effectively sheared in time, and the density and sphericity of granules are reduced.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new solution to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device and a method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and activating activated sludge in a continuous flow granulation process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device, which comprises: the system comprises a fluidized bed activation reactor group, a secondary sedimentation tank, a reservoir, an external cyclone activation separator, a controller, a pressure sensor and an overflow variable frequency pump; the fluidized bed activation reactor group comprises a plurality of fluidized bed activation reactors connected in series, each fluidized bed activation reactor is internally provided with a built-in cyclone activator, and each cyclone activator is internally provided with a cyclone guide plate; the external cyclone activation separator is provided with a separator inlet, a separator underflow port and a separator overflow port, and a cyclone guide plate is arranged inside the external cyclone activation separator; the fluidized bed activation reactor group is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and a backflow port, the water outlet of the fluidized bed activation reactor group is communicated with the secondary sedimentation tank, the bottom flow of the secondary sedimentation tank is introduced into a reservoir, two backflow branches are arranged at the bottom outlet of the reservoir, one backflow branch is directly connected with the backflow port of the fluidized bed activation reactor, the other backflow branch is communicated with the inlet of the separator, the bottom flow port of the separator is communicated with the backflow port, and a timing solenoid valve is arranged in each backflow branch; the overflow variable frequency pump is characterized in that a bottom flow port of the separator is connected with a bottom flow pipe, an overflow port of the separator is connected with an overflow pipe, the three pressure sensors are respectively used for monitoring the pressure in the inlet of the separator, the pressure in the overflow pipe and the pressure in the bottom flow pipe, a pump inlet of the overflow variable frequency pump is communicated with the overflow pipe, and the controller can control the pumping flow rate of the overflow variable frequency pump.
In one embodiment, the water outlet of the fluidized bed activation reactor set is communicated with the inlet of the external cyclone activation separator through a pipeline, a gas-liquid mixing pump and a liquid flowmeter are arranged on the pipeline, the gas-liquid mixing pump can suck air while conveying liquid, and the gas-liquid mixing pump can mix the muddy water mixture in the fluidized bed activation reactor and the air in the gas-liquid mixing pump and then convey the muddy water mixture to the external cyclone activation separator.
In one embodiment, the bottom opening of the built-in cyclone activator is also connected with an underflow pipe, and the underflow pipe is designed in a stepped manner, so that the effect of reducing centrifugal force can be achieved, and the possibility that particles are sheared by hydraulic shearing force is further reduced.
In one embodiment, the shells of the internal and external cyclone activation classifiers each comprise a cylindrical section and a conical section, and the cylindrical section is positioned right above the conical section and coaxially arranged.
In one embodiment, the middle of the cylindrical section is concave inwards, and the middle of the conical section is convex outwards.
In one embodiment, the inner wall of the conical section and the inner surface of the underflow pipe are both made of hydrophobic materials, and the inner wall of the cylindrical section and the inner surface of the overflow pipe are both made of hydrophilic materials, so that the separation effect of granular sludge and water can be enhanced.
In one embodiment, the overflow variable-frequency pump further comprises a frequency converter, and the controller regulates the pumping-out flow rate of the overflow variable-frequency pump through the frequency converter.
In one embodiment, the system further comprises an aeration device, wherein the aeration device is used for aerating at the bottom of each ebullated bed activation reactor;
the aeration device comprises a gas generation device, an air pipe, a gas flowmeter and a plurality of air diffusers, wherein each air diffuser is a microporous air diffuser or a disc type membrane microporous aerator, the air pipe is uniformly distributed at the bottom of each fluidized bed activation reactor, the gas generation device can aerate the air pipe, the air diffusers are arranged in each fluidized bed activation reactor, the air inlets of the air diffusers are communicated with the air pipe, and the gas flowmeter is used for monitoring the aeration amount of the gas generation device;
the gas generating device is a micro-nano bubble generating device.
In one embodiment, the external cyclone activation separator is provided with an annular air diffuser at a conical section, the annular air diffuser is connected with the micro-nano bubble generating device, and the separation of mud and water and the separation of activated sludge and granular sludge are enhanced by utilizing the principle of air flotation enhanced cyclone separation.
The invention also provides a continuous flow aerobic granular sludge active cyclone strengthening method which is realized by utilizing the pressure-driven cyclone strengthened continuous flow aerobic active sludge granulation device; the method comprises the following steps:
adjusting the flow rate of the overflow variable frequency pump to enable the pressure drop ratio of the external cyclone activation classifier to be within the range of 110-120%, wherein the pressure drop ratio is the ratio of the pressure difference between the classifier inlet and the classifier overflow pipe orifice to the pressure difference between the classifier inlet and the classifier underflow pipe orifice;
in one embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of controlling the opening and closing of each backflow branch through a timing electromagnetic valve;
a timing solenoid valve on the backflow branch between the bottom outlet of the reservoir and the inlet of the separator is a first timing solenoid valve, and the other timing solenoid valve is a second timing solenoid valve;
when the first timing electromagnetic valve is opened within a set time, the second timing electromagnetic valve is set to be in a closed state, and at the moment, the effluent of the reservoir enters the external cyclone activating device and flows back to the sludge sorted by the external cyclone activating sorter;
when the first timing electromagnetic valve is closed within a set time, setting the second timing electromagnetic valve to be in an opening state, and then returning the effluent of the reservoir to the fluidized bed activation reactor;
and the timing electromagnetic valve II can be closed according to actual requirements, so that the whole process is switched into a process in which the effluent of the water storage tank completely enters the external cyclone activator.
The secondary sedimentation tank and the water reservoir can be added or removed according to actual requirements at different reaction stages.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. according to the pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device and method, the pressure drop ratio of the cyclone discovered by the inventor is utilized to realize the regulation and control of the separation performance of the cyclone and the autorotation speed of granular sludge in the cyclone field, so that the real-time quantitative monitoring of the activation and separation of continuous flow aerobic granular sludge is realized;
2. the multistage serial fluidized bed activation reactors provide alternate conditions of eutrophic-oligotrophic cycles, which is beneficial to the growth of strains with strong storage capacity and can inhibit excessive propagation of filamentous bacteria, thereby creating conditions for the formation and stability of aerobic granular sludge;
3. the built-in cyclone activator generates cyclone by using a cyclone guide plate to play a role of activating granular sludge, the operation power of the built-in cyclone activator and the power of internal circulation of muddy water in the fluidized bed activation reactor are the total density difference of the internal and external mud-water-gas mixed liquid of the built-in cyclone activator, and particles in a cyclone field rotate at high speed and can drive particle micro-interface oscillation to realize pollutant desorption;
4. the underflow pipes of the internal cyclone activator and the external cyclone activation separator are designed in a step shape, so that the effect of reducing centrifugal force can be achieved, and the possibility that particles are sheared by hydraulic shearing force is further reduced;
5. the wall surfaces of the cylindrical sections of the internal cyclone activator and the external cyclone activation separator are designed to be concave surfaces, and the conical sections are convex surfaces, so that the separation efficiency can be improved while the pressure drop is reduced;
6. the internal cyclone activator and the external cyclone activation separator are combined to adopt a hydrophilic material and a hydrophobic material, so that the separation effect of granular sludge and water can be enhanced;
7. a cyclone guide plate in the external cyclone activation separator plays a role in improving the separation efficiency;
8. the structure design is ingenious, the internal and external circulation functions are realized, the mass transfer effect is excellent, and the load impact resistance is strong;
9. providing sufficient hydrodynamic shear (the swirling flow field is a hydrodynamic shear flow field);
10. the micro-nano bubbles generated by the micro-nano bubble generating device can prolong the retention time of the bubbles in water, improve the dissolving efficiency of gas in water and strengthen the separation of sludge and water;
11. the gas-liquid mixing pump can absorb air while conveying liquid, and the air and mud-water mixture is mixed in the gas-liquid mixing pump and then conveyed to the external cyclone activation separator, so that the mud-water separation and the separation of activated sludge and granular sludge are enhanced on the premise of avoiding shearing sludge in a hydraulic field by utilizing the principle of air flotation enhanced cyclone separation;
12. an annular air diffuser is arranged in the external cyclone activation separator, the annular air diffuser is connected with the micro-nano bubble generating device, and the separation of mud and water and the separation of activated sludge and granular sludge are enhanced by utilizing the principle of air flotation enhanced cyclone separation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure-driven cyclone-enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device provided in an embodiment I;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure-driven cyclone-enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device provided in the second embodiment;
in the figure: 1. a water inlet pump; 2. a first liquid flow meter; 3. a water inlet of the fluidized bed activation reactor; 4. a fluidized bed activation reactor; 5. a built-in cyclone activator; 6. a first rotational flow guide plate; 7. a cylindrical section of a built-in cyclone activator; 8. a conical section of the cyclone activator is arranged inside; 9. an underflow pipe of a rotational flow activator is arranged inside; 10. a gas generating device; 11. a gas flow meter; 12. a microporous air diffuser; 13. a secondary sedimentation tank; 14. a water outlet of an overflow weir of the secondary sedimentation tank; 15. a bottom flow port of the secondary sedimentation tank; 16. a reservoir; 17. timing the first electromagnetic valve; 18. a gas-liquid mixing pump; 19. a second liquid flow meter; 20. a first pressure sensor; 21. an external cyclone activation separator inlet; 22. an external cyclone activation separator; 23. a second rotational flow guide plate; 24. a cylindrical section of an external cyclone activation separator; 25. a conical section of an external cyclone activation separator; 26. an overflow pipe of an external cyclone activation sorter; 27. an external cyclone activation sorter underflow pipe; 28. a second pressure sensor; 29. an overflow variable frequency pump; 30. a frequency converter; 31. a controller; 32. a third pressure sensor; 33. a pipeline regulating valve; 34. a reflux opening of the fluidized bed activation reactor; 35. a timing electromagnetic valve II; 36. a sludge reflux pump; 37. an annular air diffuser; 38. disc type membrane microporous aerator.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device and a method, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and activating activated sludge in a continuous flow granulation process.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description thereof.
Example one
The embodiment provides a pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: the system comprises a fluidized bed activation reactor group, a secondary sedimentation tank 13, a water storage tank 16, an external cyclone activation separator 22, a controller 31, an overflow variable frequency pump 29 and three pressure sensors (a first pressure sensor 20, a second pressure sensor 28 and a third pressure sensor 32);
the fluidized bed activation reactors 4 connected in series in multiple stages form a fluidized bed activation reactor group to realize the alternation of poor and rich nutrition in space, so as to replace the alternation of poor and rich nutrition in time in a sequencing batch reactor, promote the granulation of flocculent activated sludge and further remove organic matters and ammonia nitrogen in the inlet water under the action of aerobic granular sludge. All be equipped with vertical built-in whirl activator 5 of placing in each fluidized bed activation reactor, the bottom is provided with the structure that is used for the aeration, still be provided with the backward flow mouth on the fluidized bed activation reactor and advance, the delivery port, wherein built-in whirl activator 5 is including the equal open-ended logical chamber from top to bottom and set up the whirl baffle 6 in leading to the intracavity, mud in fluidized bed activation reactor 4 flows into built-in whirl activator through the upper shed of built-in whirl activator 4 and then along whirl baffle 6 whirl to built-in whirl activator underflow pipe 9 down, compare in other prior art use be the electric power agitator, built-in whirl activator 5 need not the electric energy. The aeration device comprises a gas generating device 10, a gas flowmeter 11 and a hole air diffuser 12 arranged at the bottom of each fluidized bed activation reactor 4, wherein the micropore air diffuser 12 is connected with the gas generating device 10 through a pipeline, and the micropore air diffuser 12 is reasonably arranged to uniformly mix mud, water and gas without influencing the outflow of the mud from the bottom outlet of the fluidized bed activation reactor 4. The end of the fluidized bed activation reactor group is connected with a secondary sedimentation tank 13.
The secondary sedimentation tank 13 is used for separating mud and water, the settled and concentrated sludge flows out from a bottom flow port 15 of the secondary sedimentation tank, and the supernatant (effluent) flows out from a water outlet 14 of an overflow weir of the secondary sedimentation tank, so that the great loss of the sludge caused by poor settling property of the sludge can be avoided. Because the secondary sedimentation tank 14 cannot sort out flocculent sludge and granular sludge, the secondary sedimentation tank 14 and the external cyclone activation separator 22 are combined for use, so that effluent can be clarified, and flocculent sludge and granular sludge can be sorted out. And a water storage tank 16 is additionally arranged behind the bottom flow port 15 of the secondary sedimentation tank for the stable operation of the whole process.
Two return branches are arranged at the outlet of the bottom of the reservoir 16, one return branch is directly connected with a return port 34 of the fluidized bed activation reactor and is provided with a timing battery valve II 36, the other return branch is connected with the return port 34 of the fluidized bed activation reactor through an external cyclone activation separator 22, and a timing battery valve I17 is arranged between the bottom flow port 16 of the secondary sedimentation tank and the external cyclone activation separator 21. Each branch is controlled by a timing electromagnetic valve.
The external cyclone activation classifier 22 is provided with an external cyclone activation classifier inlet 21, an external cyclone activation classifier underflow pipe 27 and an external cyclone activation classifier overflow pipe 26, and the water inlet of the external cyclone activation classifier 22 is controlled by a timing electromagnetic valve I17, a gas-liquid mixing pump 18 and a liquid flow meter II 19. The first pressure sensor 20, the second pressure sensor 28 and the third pressure sensor 32 are respectively used for monitoring the pressure of the inlet 21 of the external cyclone activation classifier, the overflow pipe 26 and the underflow pipe 27 in real time. The pump inlet of the overflow variable frequency pump 29 is communicated with the overflow pipe 26 of the external cyclone activation classifier, the three pressure sensors are respectively in communication connection with the overflow variable frequency pump 29 and the controller 30, the three pressure sensors can transmit the monitored pressure value to the controller 30, and the controller 31 can control the pumping flow rate of the overflow variable frequency pump 29; the pressure drop ratio of the external cyclone activation separator 22 is controlled within the range of 110-120% by regulating the flow speed of the overflow variable frequency pump 29, and the pressure drop ratio is the ratio of the pressure difference between the inlet 21 of the external cyclone activation separator and the overflow pipe 26 of the external cyclone activation separator and the pressure difference between the inlet 21 of the external cyclone activation separator and the underflow pipe 27 of the external cyclone activation separator;
when the timing electromagnetic valve I17 is opened within a set time, the timing electromagnetic valve II 19 is set to be in a closed state, at the moment, sludge in the water reservoir 16 enters the external rotational flow activation classifier 22, flocculent sludge with lower density is discharged from an overflow pipe 26 of the external rotational flow activation classifier, and flocculent sludge and granular sludge with higher density flow out of a bottom flow pipe 27 of the external rotational flow activation classifier and then flow back to a return port 34 of the fluidized bed activation reactor; when the timing electromagnetic valve I17 is closed within a set time, the timing electromagnetic valve II 19 is set to be in an open state, at the moment, sludge in the reservoir 16 directly flows back to the return port 34 of the fluidized bed activation reactor, and the return flow can be adjusted through the sludge return pump 36; and the first timing electromagnetic valve 17 can be closed according to actual requirements, so that the whole process is switched to a process in which all the sludge in the reservoir 16 enters the external cyclone activation separator 22.
The pressure-driven cyclone strengthened continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device provided by the embodiment realizes regulation and control of the separation performance of the cyclone and the autorotation speed of granular sludge in the cyclone field by utilizing the efficient regulation and control effect of the pressure drop ratio of the cyclone discovered by the inventor on the cyclone separation and the autorotation of the granules in the cyclone field, and further realizes real-time quantitative monitoring on continuous flow aerobic granular sludge activation and separation, so that the granular sludge formed in the fluidized bed activation reactor group and the external cyclone activation separator 22 has strong impact load resistance, stable operation, high utilization rate of dissolved oxygen and enough hydraulic shearing force to maintain granulation.
Further, the fluidized bed activation reactor group further comprises an aeration device, a pipeline in the aeration device is an air pipe, the gas generation device 10 can blow air into the air pipe, an air inlet of the microporous air diffuser 12 is communicated with the air pipe, and the gas flowmeter is used for monitoring the aeration amount of the gas generation device 10. During aeration, air is mixed with sludge and water in the fluidized bed activation reactor, bubbles are combined with activated sludge flocs and aerobic granular sludge, the sludge is brought to the liquid level by the bubbles due to the density difference, the aerobic granular sludge is left at the bottom, and part of the sludge enters the built-in cyclone activator 5 for cyclone activation in the aeration process so as to promote the formation of the granular sludge.
Furthermore, the micropore air diffusers 12 in each boiling bed activation reactor 4 are reasonably arranged, so that the bottom outlets of the built-in cyclone activators 5 are not disturbed by air bubbles, the micropore air diffusers 12 are uniformly arranged at the bottom of the boiling bed activation reactor 4 in a circular ring shape, the inner diameter of the circular ring is larger than the diameter of the underflow pipe 9 of the built-in cyclone activator, the outer diameter of the circular ring is slightly smaller than the diameter of the boiling bed activation reactor 4, namely, the air bubbles generated by the micropore air diffusers 7 do not pass through the underflow pipe 9 of the built-in cyclone activator in the ascending process, and internal circulation is generated in each boiling bed activation reactor 4.
Further, a frequency converter 30 is included, and the controller 31 controls the pumping-out flow rate of the overflow variable-frequency pump 29 through the frequency converter 30.
Further, a second cyclone guide plate 23 is arranged in the external cyclone activation separator 22.
Further, an outlet of the reservoir 16 is communicated with an inlet 21 of the external cyclone activation classifier through a pipeline, a timing solenoid valve 17, a gas-liquid mixing pump 18, a liquid flow meter 19 and a pressure sensor 20 are arranged on the pipeline, and the gas-liquid mixing pump 18 can convey sludge in the reservoir to the external cyclone activation classifier 22.
Furthermore, a water inlet 3 of the rising bed activation reactor is communicated with a water inlet pipe, and a water inlet pump 1 and a liquid flow meter I2 are arranged on the water inlet pipe.
Furthermore, a cyclone guide plate is arranged in the external cyclone activation separator 22, so that the separation efficiency is improved.
When the pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device provided by the embodiment is put into use, firstly, a proper amount of pretreated sludge is put into the fluidized bed activation reactor group, the water inlet pump 1 conveys primary treatment effluent of a sewage treatment plant to the fluidized bed activation reactor 4, and sludge-water-gas mixing is generated under the action of the gas generation device 10 and the microporous air diffuser 12. The bubbles are combined with activated sludge floc and aerobic granular sludge, and the sludge is brought to the liquid level by the bubbles due to the density difference. In the aeration process, part of sludge enters the built-in cyclone activator 5, cyclone is generated under the action of the cyclone guide plate 5 and gravity, so that the sludge spirally moves downwards, when the sludge is settled to the bottom of the fluidized bed activation reactor 4, one part of sludge continues to circulate in the fluidized bed activation reactor 4, and the other part of sludge enters the next stage of fluidized bed activation reactor from the water outlet of the fluidized bed activation reactor 4, and a new round of activation is started. Then sequentially enters other ebullated bed activation reactors, and the process not only activates the sludge but also provides rich-poor nutrient cycle alternation for the whole system. The water outlet of the fluidized bed activation reactor at the tail end is connected with a secondary sedimentation tank 13, supernatant (effluent) flows out from the water outlet 14 of an overflow weir of the secondary sedimentation tank, and the settled and concentrated sludge flows into a reservoir 16 from a bottom flow port 15 of the secondary sedimentation tank. Two return branches at the outlet of the reservoir 16 are controlled by timing solenoid valves. The time solenoid valve one 17 was set to 15s/5min before significant particulate sludge was found (i.e. the time solenoid valve was opened for 15 seconds every 5 minutes) and then the time solenoid valve one 17 was set to 25s/5 min. In order to avoid the condition that the sludge accumulation in the secondary sedimentation tank 13 is excessive when the first timing electromagnetic valve 17 is closed, the second timing electromagnetic valve 35 is set to be opened when the first timing electromagnetic valve 17 is closed, namely the opening time of the second timing electromagnetic valve 35 in the two stages is set to be 4min 45s/5min and 4min 35s/5min respectively. When the first timing electromagnetic valve 17 is opened, the sludge in the reservoir 16 tangentially enters the external cyclone activation separator 22 for separation under the action of the gas-liquid mixing pump 18, the flocculent sludge with lower density is discharged from an overflow pipe 26 of the external cyclone activation separator, the flocculent sludge and granular sludge with higher density are discharged from an underflow pipe 27 of the external cyclone activation separator, and then the sludge discharged from the underflow pipe 27 of the external cyclone activation separator is returned to a return port 34 of the fluidized bed activation reactor. When the second timing solenoid valve is opened 36, the sludge in the water reservoir 16 flows back to the return port 34 of the fluidized bed activation reactor. The first pressure sensor 20, the second pressure sensor 28 and the third pressure sensor 32 are respectively used for monitoring the pressure of the inlet 21 of the external cyclone activation classifier, the overflow pipe 26 and the underflow pipe 27 in real time. The pump inlet of the overflow variable frequency pump 29 is communicated with the overflow pipe 26 of the external cyclone activation separator, the three pressure sensors are respectively in communication connection with the controller 30 together with the overflow variable frequency pump 29, the three pressure sensors can transmit monitored pressure values to the controller 30, and the controller 31 can control the pumping flow rate of the overflow variable frequency pump 29. The controller 31 adjusts and controls the overflow variable frequency pump 29 in real time through the frequency converter 30 according to the pressure drop ratio (namely the ratio of the pressure difference between the inlet 21 of the external cyclone activation separator and the overflow pipe 26 to the pressure difference between the inlet 21 of the external cyclone activation separator and the underflow pipe 27) of the external cyclone activation separator 22 measured by the pressure sensor I20, the pressure sensor II 28 and the pressure sensor III 32, thereby realizing the adjustment and control of the separation performance and the particle rotation characteristic of the external cyclone activation separator 22, namely realizing the real-time quantitative monitoring of the continuous flow aerobic particle sludge activity enhancement.
Example two
In this embodiment, another pressure-driven cyclone-enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device is provided, which is different from the device used in the first embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the wall surface of the cylindrical section 7 of the internal cyclone activation separator is a concave surface, the wall surface of the conical section 8 of the internal cyclone activation separator is a convex surface, the wall surface of the cylindrical section 23 of the external cyclone activation separator is a concave surface, and the wall surface of the conical section 24 of the external cyclone activation separator is a convex surface, so that the separation efficiency can be improved while the pressure drop is reduced. An annular air diffuser 37 is arranged in the external cyclone activation separator 22, the annular air diffuser 37 is connected with the micro-nano air bubble generating device 10, and the separation of mud and water and the separation of activated sludge and granular sludge are enhanced by utilizing the principle of air flotation enhanced cyclone separation.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment provides a pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device and a method, which are realized by utilizing the device shown in FIG. 2; the method comprises the following steps: the pressure drop ratio of the external cyclone activation separator 22 is in the range of 110-120% by regulating the flow rate of the overflow variable frequency pump 29, and the pressure drop ratio is the ratio of the pressure difference between the inlet 21 of the external cyclone activation separator and the overflow pipe 26 to the pressure difference between the inlet 21 of the external cyclone activation separator and the underflow pipe 27.
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and application examples.
The application example is as follows:
in the embodiment, a hydrocyclone with a cylinder section diameter (also called cyclone diameter) of 160mm is used as the external cyclone activation classifier 22, and a second cyclone guide plate 25 is arranged in the external cyclone activation classifier 22. Starting an aerobic granular sludge process by taking return sludge of a secondary sedimentation tank of a certain sewage treatment plant as inoculated sludge, treating the sludge before inoculation, intercepting and removing larger impurities mixed in inoculated activated sludge by using a 80-mesh screen, then carrying out stuffy aeration treatment on the sludge for 48 hours to recover the activity of microorganisms in the sludge, finally adding a proper amount of sludge subjected to stuffy aeration treatment into each fluidized bed activation reactor, and adding inlet water to ensure that the sludge concentration is 4000-5000 mg/L. The effluent of primary treatment of a certain sewage treatment plant is taken as the inlet water of the embodiment, COD is 296-379 mg/L, total nitrogen is 52-79 mg/L, ammonia nitrogen is 29-51 mg/L, total phosphorus is 6-8 mg/L, and pH is 6.5-7.5.
As shown in fig. 2, the inlet water enters the fluidized bed activation reactor 4 through the inlet pump 1, mud-water-gas mixing occurs under the action of the disc-type membrane microporous aerator 38 and the micro-nano bubble generating device 10, and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the system is periodically monitored, the aeration amount is adjusted, and the dissolved oxygen concentration is controlled to be 4-6 mg/L. The bubbles are combined with activated sludge floc and aerobic granular sludge, and the sludge is brought to the liquid level by the bubbles due to the density difference. And in the aeration process, part of sludge enters the built-in cyclone activator 5, cyclone flow is generated under the action of the first cyclone guide plate 6 and gravity, so that the sludge spirally moves downwards, when the sludge is settled to the bottom of the fluidized bed activation reactor 4, part of the sludge continuously circulates in the first fluidized bed activation reactor 4, and the other part of the sludge is introduced into the next stage of fluidized bed activation reactor from the water outlet of the first fluidized bed activation reactor 4 to start a new round of activation. Then sequentially enters the rest boiling bed activation reactors, and the process not only activates the sludge but also provides rich-poor nutrient cycle alternation for the whole system. The water outlet of the fluidized bed activation reactor at the tail end is connected with a secondary sedimentation tank 13, supernatant (effluent) flows out from the water outlet 14 of an overflow weir of the secondary sedimentation tank, and the settled and concentrated sludge flows into a reservoir 16 from a bottom flow port 15 of the secondary sedimentation tank. Two return branches at the outlet of the reservoir 16 are controlled by timing solenoid valves. The time solenoid valve one 17 was set to 15s/5min before significant particulate sludge was found (i.e. the time solenoid valve was opened for 15 seconds every 5 minutes) and then the time solenoid valve one 17 was set to 25s/5 min. In order to avoid the situation that the sludge accumulation in the secondary sedimentation tank 13 is excessive when the timing electromagnetic valve I17 is closed, the timing electromagnetic valve II 36 is set to be opened when the timing electromagnetic valve I17 is closed, namely the opening time of the timing electromagnetic valve II 36 in the two stages is set to be 4min 45s/5min and 4min 35s/5min respectively. The inlet flow of an external cyclone activation separator 22 is set to be 0.4m by adjusting a gas-liquid mixing pump 18 and a liquid flowmeter II 19 3 When the timing electromagnetic valve I17 is opened, the sludge in the reservoir 16 tangentially enters the external cyclone activation separator 22 for separation under the action of the gas-liquid mixing pump 18, and the flocculent sludge with lower density is separated from the external cyclone activation separator under the action of the annular air diffuser 37 for strengthening the flocculent sludge and the granular sludgeThe overflow pipe 28 of the flow activation separator is discharged, while flocculent sludge and granular sludge with higher density are discharged from the underflow pipe 27 of the external cyclone activation separator, and then the sludge discharged from the underflow pipe 27 of the external cyclone activation separator is returned to the return opening 35 of the fluidized bed activation reactor. When the second timing electromagnetic valve 36 is opened, the sludge in the water reservoir 16 is refluxed to the reflux port 35 of the fluidized bed activation reactor by using a sludge reflux pump 37, and the total reflux ratio is set as 100%. In the starting stage of the reactor, in order to avoid discharging a large amount of inoculated sludge, the sludge discharged from an overflow pipe 28 of the external cyclone activation classifier is selectively refluxed or activated sludge is periodically added into the system, so that the concentration of the sludge is not lower than 3000 mg/L.
The first pressure sensor 20, the second pressure sensor 29 and the third pressure sensor 33 are respectively used for monitoring the pressure of the inlet 21 of the external cyclone activation classifier, the pressure of the overflow pipe 28 and the pressure of the underflow pipe 27 in real time. The pump inlet of the overflow variable frequency pump 30 is communicated with the overflow pipe 28 of the external cyclone activation classifier, the three pressure sensors are respectively in communication connection with the overflow variable frequency pump 30 and the controller 32, the three pressure sensors can transmit the monitored pressure value to the controller 32, and the controller 32 can control the pumping flow rate of the overflow variable frequency pump 30. The controller 32 adjusts and controls the pumping-out flow rate of the overflow variable frequency pump 30 in real time through the frequency converter 31 according to the pressure drop ratio (namely, the ratio of the pressure difference between the inlet 21 of the external cyclone activation separator and the overflow pipe 28 to the pressure difference between the inlet 21 of the external cyclone activation separator and the underflow pipe 27) of the external cyclone activation separator 22 measured by the three pressure sensors, specifically, the pumping-out flow rate of the overflow variable frequency pump 30 is increased or decreased when the pressure drop ratio is not within the range of 110-120%, so that the separation performance of the external cyclone activation separator 22 and the autorotation characteristic of particles in the external cyclone activation separator are adjusted and controlled, and the real-time quantitative monitoring of continuous flow aerobic particle sludge activity enhancement is realized.
And monitoring sludge characteristic parameters and water quality parameters in the reaction process, and adjusting operation parameters to maintain stable reaction operation. After stable operation for 91 days, aerobic granular sludge is formed, the grain ratio reaches 72 percent, the average grain diameter of the sludge reaches 0.42mm, and the specific aerobic activity of the sludge is changed from the original 12mg O 2 The ratio of/g MLVSS h is increased to 47mg O 2 And about/g MLVSS h.The sewage treatment effect is good, the COD of the effluent is 15-31 mg/L, the total nitrogen is 4.5-7.1 mg/L, the total phosphorus is 0.3-0.5 mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen is maintained below 0.5 mg/L.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device is characterized in that: comprises a fluidized bed activation reactor group, a secondary sedimentation tank, a reservoir, an external cyclone activation separator, a controller, a pressure sensor and an overflow variable frequency pump; the fluidized bed activation reactor group comprises a plurality of fluidized bed activation reactors connected in series, each fluidized bed activation reactor is internally provided with a built-in cyclone activator, and each cyclone activator is internally provided with a cyclone guide plate; the external cyclone activation separator is provided with a separator inlet, a separator underflow port and a separator overflow port, and a cyclone guide plate is arranged inside the external cyclone activation separator; the fluidized bed activation reactor group is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and a backflow port, the water outlet of the fluidized bed activation reactor group is communicated with the secondary sedimentation tank, the bottom flow of the secondary sedimentation tank is introduced into a reservoir, two backflow branches are arranged at the bottom outlet of the reservoir, one backflow branch is directly connected with the backflow port of the fluidized bed activation reactor, the other backflow branch is communicated with the inlet of the separator, the bottom flow port of the separator is communicated with the backflow port, and a timing solenoid valve is arranged in each backflow branch; the overflow variable frequency pump is characterized in that the underflow port of the separator is connected with an underflow pipe, the overflow port of the separator is connected with an overflow pipe, the three pressure sensors are respectively used for monitoring the pressure in the inlet of the separator, the pressure in the overflow pipe and the pressure in the underflow pipe, the pump inlet of the overflow variable frequency pump is communicated with the overflow pipe, and the controller can control the pumping flow rate of the overflow variable frequency pump.
2. The pressure-driven swirl-enhanced continuous-flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the water outlet of the fluidized bed activation reactor set is communicated with the inlet of the external cyclone activation separator through a pipeline, a gas-liquid mixing pump and a liquid flowmeter are arranged on the pipeline, the gas-liquid mixing pump can suck air while conveying liquid, and the gas-liquid mixing pump can mix the muddy water mixture and the air in the fluidized bed activation reactor and convey the muddy water mixture and the air into the external cyclone activation separator.
3. The pressure-driven swirl-enhanced continuous-flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the bottom opening of the built-in rotational flow activator is also connected with an underflow pipe, and the underflow pipe is designed in a ladder shape.
4. The pressure-driven swirl-enhanced continuous-flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device as recited in claim 1, wherein: the shells of the internal cyclone activating device and the external cyclone activating separator comprise cylindrical sections and conical sections, and the cylindrical sections are located right above the conical sections and coaxially arranged.
5. The pressure-driven swirl-enhanced continuous-flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device as recited in claim 4, wherein: the middle part of the cylindrical section is inwards sunken, and the middle part of the conical section is outwards raised.
6. The pressure-driven swirl-enhanced continuous-flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device as recited in claim 4, wherein: the inner wall of the conical section and the inner surface of the underflow pipe are both made of hydrophobic materials, and the inner wall of the cylindrical section and the inner surface of the overflow pipe are both made of hydrophilic materials.
7. The pressure-driven swirl-enhanced continuous-flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device as recited in claim 4, wherein: the system also comprises an aeration device, wherein the aeration device is used for aerating at the bottom of each fluidized bed activation reactor;
the aeration device comprises a gas generation device, an air pipe, a gas flowmeter and a plurality of air diffusers, wherein each air diffuser is a microporous air diffuser or a disc type membrane microporous aerator, the air pipe is uniformly distributed at the bottom of each fluidized bed activation reactor, the gas generation device can aerate the air pipe, the air diffusers are arranged in each fluidized bed activation reactor, the air inlets of the air diffusers are communicated with the air pipe, and the gas flowmeter is used for monitoring the aeration amount of the gas generation device;
the gas generating device is a micro-nano bubble generating device.
8. The pressure-driven enhanced cyclone continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device as recited in claim 7, wherein: the external cyclone activation sorter conical section is provided with an annular air diffuser, and the annular air diffuser is connected with the micro-nano bubble generating device.
9. A continuous flow aerobic granular sludge active cyclone strengthening method is characterized in that: the method is realized by utilizing the pressure-driven rotational flow enhanced continuous flow aerobic activated sludge granulation device of any one of claims 1 to 8; it is characterized by comprising:
and regulating the flow rate of the overflow variable frequency pump to enable the pressure drop ratio of the external cyclone activation separator to be within the range of 110-120%, wherein the pressure drop ratio is the ratio of the pressure difference between the separator inlet and the separator overflow pipe orifice to the pressure difference between the separator inlet and the separator underflow pipe orifice.
10. The continuous-flow aerobic granular sludge active cyclone strengthening method of claim 9, wherein: the opening and closing of each backflow branch is controlled through a timing electromagnetic valve;
a timing solenoid valve on the backflow branch between the bottom outlet of the reservoir and the inlet of the separator is a first timing solenoid valve, and the other timing solenoid valve is a second timing solenoid valve;
when the first timing electromagnetic valve is opened within a set time, the second timing electromagnetic valve is set to be in a closed state, and at the moment, the effluent of the reservoir enters the external cyclone activating device and flows back to the sludge sorted by the external cyclone activating sorter;
when the first timing electromagnetic valve is closed within a set time, setting the second timing electromagnetic valve to be in an open state, and then returning the effluent of the reservoir to the fluidized bed activation reactor;
and the timing electromagnetic valve II can be closed according to actual requirements, so that the whole process is switched into a process in which the effluent of the water storage tank completely enters the external cyclone activator.
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