CN114986079A - Knife blade with polished edge and cutter with same - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a wiper blade and a cutter with the same, wherein the wiper blade comprises: the cutting tool comprises a tool body (10), wherein the tool body (10) comprises a cutting part (20), the cutting part (20) is used for cutting a workpiece, the cutting part (20) comprises a plurality of smoothing edges (21), the adjacent smoothing edges (21) are connected through a transition surface (30), and the secondary deflection angles of the plurality of smoothing edges (21) are arranged differently. By adopting the technical scheme, the problem that the trimming blade in the prior art loses the trimming effect when being installed on different cutter bars is effectively solved.

Description

Knife blade with polished edge and cutter with same

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of cutter design, in particular to a smoothing blade and a cutter with the same.

Background

A wiper edge is a cutting tool structure. Structurally, the smoothing edge mainly plays a role in increasing the shock resistance of a tool nose and reducing the surface roughness value of a machined part.

The edge-smoothing cutter extrudes or scratches the machined surface by reducing the joint angle (namely, a secondary deflection angle, usually 0-3 degrees) between the cutting edge of the cutter and the machined surface, thereby improving the machining quality of the machined surface. In the prior art, only one or two symmetrical wiper edges exist on one tool nose of the tool, so that a wiper edge tool can play a role when being mounted on a specific tool bar and forming a specific deflection angle in the machining process. The same type blade can correspond the cutter arbor and the positive and negative cutter arbor of several kinds of principal declination, and the cutter is repaiied the light sword and will lose efficacy after other cutter arbor is changed to the knife utensil of repairment sword. When the edge trimming blade simultaneously processes different parts such as an excircle, an end face or profiling machining, failure can also occur.

Aiming at the problem that the trimming blade in the prior art loses the trimming effect when being arranged on different cutter bars, an effective solution is not provided at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a smoothing blade and a cutter with the same, and aims to solve the problem that the smoothing blade in the prior art loses smoothing effect when being mounted on different cutter bars.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wiper blade comprising: the cutting tool comprises a tool body, wherein the tool body comprises a cutting part, the cutting part is used for cutting a workpiece, the cutting part comprises a plurality of smoothing edges, the adjacent smoothing edges are connected through a transition surface, and the secondary deflection angles of the plurality of smoothing edges are arranged differently.

Furthermore, the plurality of burnishing edges and the plurality of cutter bars with different preset main deflection angles are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that when the cutter body is connected with any one of the cutter bars, the burnishing edges corresponding to the cutter bars perform burnishing operation on the workpiece.

Further, the middle part of the edge trimming blade is provided with a mounting hole, the cross section of the edge trimming blade along the radial direction of the mounting hole is a polygon, and at least one vertex angle of the polygon is provided with a cutting part.

Further, the cutting parts are two, and the two cutting parts are symmetrically arranged at 180 degrees relative to the central axis along the mounting hole.

Further, adjacent smoothing edges are connected through a transition circular arc surface or a transition plane, when the adjacent smoothing edges are connected through the transition circular arc surface, the transition circular arc surface is tangent to the smoothing edges, the first circular arc diameter of the transition circular arc surface is R1, wherein R1 is more than or equal to 0.1mm and less than or equal to 2 mm.

Further, the shape of the wiper edge is an arc or a straight line, when the shape of the wiper edge is an arc, the diameters of the second arcs of the wiper edges are the same, the widths of the wiper edges are the same, the diameter of the second arc is R2, the width is L1, wherein R2 is more than or equal to 0.4mm and less than or equal to 10mm, and L1 is more than or equal to 0.05mm and less than or equal to 1 mm.

Further, the plurality of wiper edges are arranged at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the cutting portion.

Further, the wiper blade is made of one of an alloy, a ceramic, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, and polycrystalline diamond.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tool comprising the wiper blade as described above.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the cutter body comprises the cutting part, the cutting part comprises a plurality of smoothing edges, the secondary deflection angles of the plurality of smoothing edges are arranged differently, and the plurality of smoothing edges with different secondary deflection angles are arranged, so that the smoothing edge blades have proper smoothing edges to smooth the processed surface when being arranged on various cutter bars or used for processing workpieces with different shapes, and the surface roughness of the processed workpiece is improved. By adopting the technical scheme, the problem that the trimming blade in the prior art loses the trimming effect when being installed on different cutter bars is effectively solved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of a first embodiment of a wiper blade according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged schematic view of the structure at A in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a second embodiment of a wiper blade according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows an enlarged schematic view of the structure at B in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a third embodiment of a wiper blade according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 shows an enlarged schematic view of the structure at C in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 shows a schematic view of a fourth embodiment of a wiper blade according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 shows a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of a wiper blade according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a sixth embodiment of a wiper blade according to the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic view showing a structure of a conventional wiper blade.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a cutter body; 20. a cutting portion; 21. smoothing the edge; 30. a transition surface; 31. a transitional arc surface; 40. mounting holes; 50. and (5) processing the surface to be processed.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the terms so used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are, for example, capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or otherwise described herein. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Exemplary embodiments according to the present application will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These exemplary embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein. It is to be understood that these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art, and in the drawings, it is possible to enlarge the thicknesses of layers and regions for clarity, and the same reference numerals are used to designate the same devices, and thus the description thereof will be omitted.

According to the calculation formula of the surface roughness, the surface roughness value can be reduced by reducing the feeding amount or increasing the radius of the tool nose, but the former reduces the production efficiency, and the latter increases the cutting force. By reducing the angle of the secondary slip angle, it is possible to achieve a reduction in the surface roughness value without reducing the feed amount. The design idea of the wiper blade is to adjust the geometry of the nose to approximate an elliptical shape within the maximum allowable nose radius tolerance of a standard blade. In fact, when the tool is machined at a feed per revolution F, a corrugated-like machined surface is formed due to the tip formation. When the wiper is added (the wiper arc diameter is larger than the nose arc diameter), the machined surface roughness is reduced because the arc becomes large, although the machining is performed according to the feed F.

On the basis, the existing wiper blade is only provided with a wiper blade corresponding to the cutter bar on one side of the main cutting edge, and when the wiper blade is arranged on other cutter bars corresponding to different main deflection angles, the wiper blade cannot be contacted with the machined surface of a workpiece, so that the wiper effect cannot be realized.

Referring to fig. 1 to 9, according to an embodiment of the present application, a wiper blade is provided.

The wiper blade includes a cutter body 10. The tool body 10 includes a cutting portion 20. The cutting portion 20 is used for cutting a workpiece. The cutting portion 20 includes a plurality of wiper edges 21. The adjacent wiper edges 21 are connected by a transition surface 30. The sub-bevels of the plurality of wiper edges 21 are set differently.

Use the technical scheme of this embodiment, cutter body includes the cutting part, and cutting part 20 includes a plurality of smoothing sword 21, and the vice declination of a plurality of smoothing sword 21 sets up differently, through setting up the different smoothing sword 21 of a plurality of vice declinations, makes the smoothing sword blade install in the cutter arbor of multiple difference or add man-hour to the work piece of different shapes, all has suitable smoothing sword 21 and repaiies the light to the machined surface, improves the surface roughness of the work piece after the processing. By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, the problem that the trimming blade in the prior art loses the trimming effect when being arranged on different cutter rods is effectively solved. The technical scheme of this embodiment is combined, a novel cutter of multistage smoothing is provided, applicable in the cutting process of different principal declination, has enlarged the application range of smoothing sword 21 blade, has reduced the use cost of smoothing sword blade.

It should be noted that the main deflection angle of the tool is the angle between the cutting edge in the base surface and the feeding direction, and the sub-deflection angle is the angle between the negative cutting edge in the base surface and the opposite direction of the feeding direction. The main deflection angle and the auxiliary deflection angle of the cutter have a corresponding relation, and the main deflection angle, the auxiliary deflection angle and the cutter sharp angle are 180 degrees. The main deflection angle of the cutter is mainly related to the type of the cutter, the cutter rod and the machining position. The tool bars are customarily distinguished according to the main deflection angle. When the feeding direction changes, the actual main deflection angle and the actual auxiliary deflection angle of the cutter also change, for example, when a main deflection cutter rod of 93 degrees feeds leftwards, the actual main deflection angle is 93 degrees, and the auxiliary deflection angle is 32 degrees; if the feed is made upward, the actual principal slip angle becomes 122 °, and the secondary slip angle becomes 3 °.

Therefore, when a cutter is mounted on a cutter and different cutter bars or workpieces in different shapes are machined, the phenomenon of wiper failure is very easy to occur, which affects the surface roughness of the product, and how to avoid the phenomenon to improve the machining precision of the product becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently in the industry. Adopt the technical scheme of this application, the cutter can realize the multistage and repaiies the light, need not to change the cutter when guaranteeing to repair the light sword effect, very big saving the processing cost, improved processingquality simultaneously.

In an alternative embodiment, the cutting portion 20 further comprises a cutting edge, and the plurality of wiper edges 21 are all located on the same side of the cutting edge. During machining, the cutting edge cuts the allowance of the workpiece, and then the finishing edge 21 finishes the cut surface to improve the smoothness of the workpiece.

In an alternative embodiment, the radial cross section of the tool body 10 along the mounting hole is a parallelogram, the cutting units are symmetrically arranged at the vertex angles on the upper surface corresponding to the longer diagonal lines of the parallelogram, each cutting unit comprises a main cutting edge formed by the long side of the vertex angle, the short side of the vertex angle forms a secondary cutting edge, the finishing edge 21 is arranged between the main cutting edge and the secondary cutting edge, and the secondary deflection angle of the finishing edge 21 is arranged corresponding to the primary deflection angle of a plurality of tool bars to be used. The wiper edge 21 of the lathe tool refers to the cutting edge of the tool in contact with the work plane, and the wiper edge 21 of the lathe tool refers to the cutting edge of the tool in contact with the outer or inner circular surface of the work plane. The function of the smoothing edge 21 is similar to that of an auxiliary cutting edge, the deflection angle of the smoothing edge is generally 0-3 degrees, and the length is about 2 times of the feed amount. The wiper blade 21 has the effect of reducing the roughness of the machined surface and improving the machining quality.

Further, the plurality of smoothing edges 21 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of tool bars having different preset principal deflection angles, so that when the tool body 10 is connected to any one of the plurality of tool bars, the smoothing edge 21 corresponding to the tool bar performs a smoothing operation on the workpiece. For example, the common tool shanks for the D-type tool (55 included angle) include three types, 93 °, 107.5 ° and 62.5 °. Fig. 5 and 6 show a wiper blade that can accommodate the three angles simultaneously. When the corresponding principal rake angle of the holder connected to the tool body 10 is 62.5 °, as shown in fig. 7, the first wiper edge of the plurality of wiper edges 21 is in the working position. When the corresponding principal rake angle of the holder connected to the tool body 10 is 93 °, as shown in fig. 8, the second wiper edge of the plurality of wiper edges 21 is in the working position. When the corresponding principal rake angle of the holder connected to the tool body 10 is 107.5 °, as shown in fig. 9, the third wiper edge of the plurality of wiper edges 21 is in the operative position. As shown in fig. 10, the conventional wiper blade is a wiper blade corresponding to a 62.5 ° main deflection angle tool holder, and can be applied only to the corresponding tool holder. After the wiper blade shown in fig. 10 is replaced with a tool holder (a tool holder with a main deflection angle of 107.5 °), the cutting position in contact with the surface of the workpiece is the transition arc surface 31, and the wiper blade 21 cannot exert the wiping effect. By adopting the technical scheme of the embodiment, the dressing blade 21 can be used for dressing the machined surface 50 of the workpiece by the proper dressing blade 21 when the cutter bar corresponding to various different main deflection angles is installed and corresponds to the dressing blade 21, and the practicability of the dressing blade is improved.

Specifically, the wiper blade is provided with a mounting hole 40 in the middle thereof. The wiper blade is polygonal in radial cross section along the mounting hole 40, and a cutting portion 20 is provided at least one vertex of the polygon. The mounting hole 40 is used to secure the wiper blade to the arbor. Polygonal shapes include but are not limited to quadrilateral, pentagonal, etc., and the cutting portion 20 may be designed according to actual needs.

Preferably, there are two cutting portions 20. The two cutting portions 20 are symmetrically disposed at 180 ° with respect to the central axis along the mounting hole 40.

Further, adjacent wiper edges 21 are connected by a transition arc surface 31 or a transition plane. When the adjacent smoothing edges 21 are connected through the transition arc surface 31, the transition arc surface 31 is tangent to the smoothing edges 21, and the first arc diameter of the transition arc surface 31 is R1, wherein R1 is not less than 0.1mm and not more than 2 mm.

Further, the shape of the wiper edge 21 is a circular arc or a straight line. When the shape of the burnishing edges 21 is circular arc, the second circular arc diameter of each burnishing edge 21 is the same, the width of each burnishing edge 21 is the same, the second circular arc diameter is R2, the width is L1, wherein R2 is more than or equal to 0.4mm and less than or equal to 10mm, and L1 is more than or equal to 0.05mm and less than or equal to 1 mm. Alternatively, the circular arc is determined according to the main deflection angle of the tool or the shape of the workpiece to be machined. The first arc diameter is smaller than the second arc diameter. In an alternative embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting portion 20 is comprised of n wiper blades, where n may be any integer greater than 2, and the wiper blades are mounted to a tool holder with a cutting point at an angle in the range of 0 ° to 3 ° to the workpiece to be machined.

In an alternative embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting portion 20 is composed of a plurality of circular-arc-shaped wiper edges 21, and the second circular-arc diameters and widths of all the wiper edges 21 are the same and are uniformly distributed. The diameter of the second circular arc is consistent between 0.4mm and 10mm, and the width of the smoothing edge is between 0.05mm and 1 mm. The circular arc of the smoothing edge 21 is connected and tangent with the circular arc of the smoothing edge 21 through a transition circular arc, and the diameter r of the transition circular arc is 0.02 mm. Optionally, the circular arc of the wiper edge 21 and the circular arc of the wiper edge 21 are connected by a curved surface satisfying a preset functional relationship.

In an alternative embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting portion 20 is composed of a plurality of circular arc type wiper edges 21, and the circular arcs of different wiper edges 21 have different second circular arc diameters and widths. The angle of the wiper 21 is designed according to the principal run-out angle of the tool holder corresponding to the insert and the machining position of the workpiece to be machined, and the insert can be applied to tool holders with any principal run-out angle.

In an alternative embodiment, the cutting edge of the cutting portion 20 is composed of a plurality of circular arc-shaped wiper edges 21, and the circular arcs of different wiper edges 21 have different second circular arc diameters and widths. Optionally, at least one of the second arc diameter and the width of the different wiper edge 21 is set the same, and the partial wiper edge angle is designed according to the principal rake angle of the tool holder corresponding to the insert, and the wiper edge insert may be applied to any tool holder with any principal rake angle. The remaining wiper edges 21 are evenly distributed between the determined wiper edges 21.

Specifically, the wiper blade includes a top surface and a lower locating surface disposed opposite one another. The wiper edge 21 is provided so as to gradually decrease in edge width in the direction from the top surface to the lower positioning surface.

Alternatively, a plurality of wiper edges 21 are provided at regular intervals in the circumferential direction of the cutting portion 20. The arrangement can further enlarge the application range of the smoothing edge blade and improve the smoothing effect on the workpiece.

In order to ensure that the wiper blade has good mechanical strength, the wiper blade is made of one of alloy, ceramic, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride and polycrystalline diamond.

According to another embodiment of the present application, there is provided a cutting tool comprising the wiper blade of the above-described embodiment. The cutter comprises a cutter bar, the cutter bar is provided with a step for matching the finishing edge blade, a screw hole is arranged on the step, when the finishing edge blade is matched and arranged on the step, the screw hole is coaxial with the mounting hole of the blade and is fixedly connected with the cutter head through a bolt blade.

In an alternative embodiment, the top surface of the tool body 10 is provided with chip breakers disposed adjacent the wiper edge 21, which are arcuate.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "above … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial relationship to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" can include both an orientation of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

In addition to the foregoing, it should be noted that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment," "another embodiment," "an embodiment," or the like, means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described generally throughout this application. The appearances of the same phrase in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Further, when a particular feature, structure, or characteristic is described in connection with any embodiment, it is submitted that it is within the scope of the invention to effect such feature, structure, or characteristic in connection with other embodiments.

In the foregoing embodiments, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have respective emphasis, and for parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to related descriptions of other embodiments.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A wiper blade, comprising:

the tool body (10) comprises a cutting part (20), the cutting part (20) is used for cutting a workpiece, the cutting part (20) comprises a plurality of smoothing edges (21), the adjacent smoothing edges (21) are connected through a transition surface (30), and the auxiliary deflection angles of the plurality of smoothing edges (21) are arranged differently.

2. The wiper blade insert according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of wiper blades (21) are provided in one-to-one correspondence with a plurality of tool bars having different preset lead angles, so that when the tool body (10) is connected to any one of the tool bars, the wiper blade (21) corresponding to the tool bar performs a wiping operation on the workpiece.

3. The wiper blade according to claim 1, wherein a mounting hole (40) is provided in the middle of the wiper blade, and the wiper blade has a polygonal shape in a radial cross section along the mounting hole (40), and the cutting portion (20) is provided at least one vertex of the polygonal shape.

4. The wiper blade according to claim 3 wherein there are two cutting portions (20), two cutting portions (20) being symmetrically disposed 180 ° about a central axis along the mounting hole (40).

5. The wiper blade according to claim 1, wherein the neighboring wiper edges (21) are connected by a transition arc surface (31) or a transition plane, when the neighboring wiper edges (21) are connected by a transition arc surface (31), the transition arc surface (31) is tangent to the wiper edge (21), and the first arc diameter of the transition arc surface (31) is R1, wherein 0.1mm ≦ R1 ≦ 2 mm.

6. The wiper blade insert according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the wiper edge (21) is a circular arc or a straight line, and when the wiper edge (21) is a circular arc, the second circular arc diameter of each wiper edge (21) is the same, the width of each wiper edge (21) is the same, the second circular arc diameter is R2, the width is L1, wherein 0.4mm ≦ R2 ≦ 10mm, and 0.05mm ≦ L1 ≦ 1 mm.

7. The wiper blade insert according to claim 3 wherein a plurality of the wiper blades (21) are uniformly arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the cutting portion (20).

8. The wiper blade as defined in claim 1 wherein the wiper blade is made of one of an alloy, a ceramic, polycrystalline cubic boron nitride, polycrystalline diamond.

9. A tool comprising a wiper blade, wherein the wiper blade is the wiper blade of any one of claims 1-8.

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