CN114986015A - High-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite, preparation method and brazing process - Google Patents
High-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite, preparation method and brazing process Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/32—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/325—Ti as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/206—Cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-temperature solder for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite, a preparation method and a brazing process thereof, wherein the high-temperature solder for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-3% of C, 10-15% of Mo, and the balance of Ti and V; on the basis of the Ti-V eutectic point brazing filler metal, a small amount of Mo and C is added, so that the corrosion resistance of the brazing filler metal is improved, the thermal expansion coefficient of the brazing filler metal is reduced, the corrosion of the brazing filler metal to a base metal is improved, and the mechanical property of a joint is improved; the brazing filler metal can be used for directly brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite, surface metallization treatment is not needed to be carried out on the graphite, and the operation steps are simplified. In addition, the brazing filler metal can be in service in a high-temperature environment of 1300 ℃ for a long time, and the condition that the joint fails does not occur. The invention does not use noble metals such as Au, Ag, Pd and the like, has low cost, and moreover, Ti and V can react with carbon and can be infinitely dissolved with Mo, so that the metallurgical bonding strength of the joint is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of dissimilar material welding, in particular to a high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite, and a preparation method and a brazing process thereof.
Background
Molybdenum alloys have been widely used in X-ray targets, discharge lamps, welding electrodes, radiation shields, and plasma surface components due to their excellent high temperature strength, low thermal expansion coefficient, sputtering yield, and excellent thermal and electrical conductivity. However, the wide application of molybdenum alloys is still limited due to difficulties such as difficult machining and welding. Graphite has high thermal conductivity, low coefficient of thermal expansion, low density and self-lubricating properties, and therefore, graphite has been used in applications such as radiators, as a material in mold sintering furnaces and carbon piston production, and as engine block liners. However, graphite has the disadvantages of high porosity, very low strength, poor homogeneity, and susceptibility to oxidation. In modern manufacturing, taking advantage of the superior properties of molybdenum and graphite and overcoming their disadvantages separately, attempts have been made to combine molybdenum and graphite to obtain structural materials, such as targets for high power CT machines, and aerospace hot erosion and nuclear fusion reactor heat transfer assemblies.
Currently, brazing is the most widely used form of joining of graphite and molybdenum alloys, with brazing filler metals being the most important factor in affecting joint performance. The commercial solder mainly comprises silver base, copper base, gold base, nickel base and the like. The solder joint performance of silver-based and copper-based solders is relatively poor in terms of high temperature performance. Gold-based solder braze joints perform well but at a higher cost. The joint brazed by the nickel-based brazing filler metal has better high-temperature performance, for example, the Chinese patent application with the publication number of CN101306494A discloses a nickel-based high-temperature alloy brazing filler metal which has high melting point and good high-temperature performance; the free flow property and the gap filling property are excellent at the brazing temperature; the Nb and Co components added into the alloy effectively improve the strength of the brazed joint, but the nickel reacts with Mo during high-temperature brazing to form a continuous intermetallic compound layer on a crystal plane, so that the brazed joint becomes brittle, and the strength of the joint is reduced. The chinese patent application publication CN111014869A discloses a vacuum welding method for molybdenum-based graphite, which uses titanium as solder to improve the bonding strength between the graphite piece and the solder layer and the bonding strength between the TZM layer and the graphite layer, but the brazing temperature of the method is 1800-2000 ℃, which is much higher than the recrystallization temperature of TZM, and the mechanical properties of TZM are compromised. Li Peng et al successfully connected graphite and molybdenum alloy in Ag-Cu-Ti active solder vacuum brazing molybdenum and graphite combination quality research (electric welding machine, 2009, 11 (39): 19-21), and the shear strength was lower than 15MPa, but the solder could not be in service in high temperature environment.
In conclusion, high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing graphite and molybdenum alloy is lacking at home and abroad, so that the key for realizing the wide application of molybdenum alloy/graphite joints is to find brazing filler metal with excellent performance and low cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a high-temperature-resistant and low-cost active brazing filler metal suitable for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite and a process for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means:
a high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-3% of C, 10-15% of Mo, and the balance of Ti and V.
Has the advantages that: according to the brazing filler metal, a small amount of Mo element and C element are added on the basis of the Ti-V eutectic point brazing filler metal, so that the corrosion resistance of the brazing filler metal is improved, the thermal expansion coefficient of the brazing filler metal is reduced, the corrosion of the brazing filler metal to a base metal is improved, and the mechanical property of a joint is improved; the Ti-V-Mo-C is used as the active brazing filler metal, the molybdenum alloy and the graphite can be directly brazed, the surface metallization treatment on the graphite is not needed, and the operation steps are simplified. And the addition of the element C can reduce the linear expansion coefficient of the brazing filler metal, prevent the generation of residual stress during brazing, generate TiC in situ in the brazing filler metal layer and improve the strength of the brazing filler metal. The addition of Mo element can reduce the corrosion of the molten solder to the molybdenum alloy. In addition, the brazing filler metal can be in service in a high-temperature environment of 1300 ℃ for a long time, and the condition that the joint fails does not occur. The invention does not use noble metals such as Au, Ag, Pd and the like, has low cost, and moreover, Ti and V can react with carbon and infinitely dissolve Mo, so that the metallurgical bonding strength of the joint is high.
Preferably, the mass ratio of Ti to V is 55-60: 40-45.
Preferably, the mass ratio of Ti to V is 57: 43.
preferably, the raw materials comprise carbon powder, vanadium powder, titanium powder and molybdenum powder with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9 percent; the particle sizes of the carbon powder, the vanadium powder, the titanium powder and the molybdenum powder are all 200-350 meshes.
Preferably, the particle sizes of the carbon powder, the vanadium powder, the titanium powder and the molybdenum powder are all 300 meshes.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing raw materials of carbon powder, vanadium powder, titanium powder and molybdenum powder according to the mass percentage of the components;
and S2, ball-milling the weighed raw materials in the S1 in an argon atmosphere to obtain the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite.
Preferably, in S2, in the ball milling process, the mass ratio of the grinding balls to the materials to the ball milling media is 3-5: 1: 1-2; the ball milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol; the grinding ball is tungsten carbide ball.
Preferably, in S2, in the ball milling process, the mass ratio of the milling balls to the material to the milling medium is 4: 1: 1.
preferably, in S2, the ball milling rotation speed is 200-300r/min, the ball milling is suspended for 30min every 60min, and the accumulated running time is 12-20 h.
The invention also provides a process for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite by using the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, grinding and polishing the welding surface of the graphite and the molybdenum alloy to be welded, and cleaning in absolute ethyl alcohol;
s2, coating the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite on the welding surface of the molybdenum alloy treated by the S1, controlling the coating thickness to be 190 plus 210 mu m, then placing the graphite, and placing a tungsten block on the graphite to provide pressure to obtain an assembled workpiece;
s3, placing the assembled workpiece into a vacuum graphitization sintering furnace, vacuumizing, raising the temperature from room temperature to 950-1050 ℃ at the speed of 18-22 ℃/min, then preserving the heat for 15-25 minutes, raising the temperature to the welding temperature at the speed of 8-13 ℃/min, preserving the heat for a certain time, cooling to 500 ℃ at the speed of 8-13 ℃/min, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to complete the brazing of the molybdenum alloy and the graphite.
Preferably, in S1, the cleaning is ultrasonic cleaning; the ultrasonic cleaning time is 20-40 min.
Preferably, in S1, the cleaning is ultrasonic cleaning; the ultrasonic cleaning time is 30 min.
Preferably, in S2, the placing of the tungsten block provides a pressure of 4.5-5.5 KPa.
Preferably, in S2, the pressure provided by placing the tungsten block is 5 KPa.
Preferably, in S3, the welding temperature is 1450-.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
according to the welding joint of the molybdenum alloy/graphite dissimilar material, the Ti-V-Mo-C is used as the active brazing filler metal, the molybdenum alloy and the graphite can be directly brazed, surface metallization treatment on the graphite is not needed, and the operation steps are simplified. And the addition of the element C can reduce the linear expansion coefficient of the brazing filler metal, prevent the generation of residual stress during brazing, generate TiC in situ in the brazing filler metal layer and improve the strength of the brazing filler metal. The addition of Mo element can reduce the corrosion of the molten solder to the molybdenum alloy. In addition, the melting points of the elements adopted in the invention are all over 1800 ℃, the melting point is reduced after alloying and still over 1400 ℃, and the brazing filler metal can be in service in a high-temperature environment of 1300 ℃ for a long time without the condition of joint failure. The invention does not use noble metals such as Au, Ag, Pd and the like, has low cost, uses equipment which is a common vacuum graphitization sintering furnace and has simple operation. Moreover, Ti and V can react with carbon and infinitely dissolve Mo, so that the metallurgical bonding strength of the joint is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a molybdenum alloy and graphite joint according to example 3 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph of strength versus displacement for the joints of examples 1-5 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Test materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The specific techniques or conditions not specified in the examples can be performed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the field or according to the product specification.
Example 1
A high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% of C, 10% of Mo, and the balance of Ti and V; the mass ratio of Ti to V is 57: 43.
a preparation method of the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite comprises the following steps: weighing the mass of raw material carbon powder, vanadium powder, titanium powder, molybdenum powder, corresponding grinding ball tungsten carbide balls and ball-milling medium absolute ethyl alcohol according to the mass percentage of the components of the high-temperature brazing filler metal, and putting the weighed raw materials, grinding balls and absolute ethyl alcohol into a ball-milling tank in an argon environment, wherein the mass ratio of the grinding balls to the raw materials to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 4: 1: 1; installing a ball milling tank on a ball mill, setting the ball milling time to be 12h, starting the ball mill to perform ball milling after the rotating speed is 300r/min, and pausing for 30min every time when the ball milling process is performed for 60 min; alloy powder, namely high-temperature brazing filler metal, is obtained after the ball milling is finished; wherein the purities of the carbon powder, the vanadium powder, the titanium powder and the molybdenum powder are all more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the particle sizes are all 300 meshes.
The process for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite by using the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite comprises the following steps of:
and grinding and polishing the welding surface of the graphite and the molybdenum alloy to be welded, ultrasonically cleaning the welding surface of the graphite and the molybdenum alloy in absolute ethyl alcohol for 30 minutes, uniformly coating the alloy powder on the welding surface of the molybdenum alloy, controlling the thickness to be 200 mu m, placing the graphite, and providing a pressure of 5Kpa by using a tungsten block. Then the assembled workpiece is put into a vacuum graphitization sintering furnace and is vacuumized to 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa. Raising the temperature from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, and then preserving the heat for 20 minutes to ensure that the temperature in the furnace is uniform and prevent the temperature gradient from occurring. Then the temperature is increased to 1450 ℃ welding temperature at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 20 min. Finally, cooling to 500 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, thus completing the brazing of the molybdenum alloy and the graphite. The strength-displacement curve of FIG. 2 shows that the joint shear strength was 19.2 MPa.
Example 2
A high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2% of C, 13% of Mo, and the balance of Ti and V; the mass ratio of Ti to V is 57: 43.
a preparation method of the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite comprises the following steps: weighing the mass of the raw materials of carbon powder, vanadium powder, titanium powder and molybdenum powder according to the mass percentage of the components of the high-temperature brazing filler metal, and mixing the raw materials of grinding balls and a ball-milling medium according to the mass ratio of 4: 1: weighing the mass of the corresponding grinding ball tungsten carbide ball and the ball-milling medium absolute ethyl alcohol according to the proportion of 1, and putting the tungsten carbide ball and the ball-milling medium absolute ethyl alcohol into a ball-milling tank in an argon environment. Installing a ball milling tank on a ball mill, setting the ball milling time to be 20h, starting the ball mill to perform ball milling after the rotating speed is 250r/min, and pausing for 30min every time when the ball milling process is operated for 60 min; the alloy powder obtained after the ball milling is the high-temperature brazing filler metal; wherein the purities of the carbon powder, the vanadium powder, the titanium powder and the molybdenum powder are all more than or equal to 99.9 percent; the grain sizes are all 300 meshes.
The process for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite by using the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite comprises the following steps of:
and grinding and polishing the welding surface of the graphite and the molybdenum alloy to be welded, ultrasonically cleaning the welding surface of the graphite and the molybdenum alloy in absolute ethyl alcohol for 30 minutes, uniformly coating the alloy powder on the welding surface of the molybdenum alloy, controlling the thickness to be 200 mu m, placing the graphite, and providing a pressure of 5Kpa by using a tungsten block. Then the assembled workpiece is put into a vacuum graphitization sintering furnace and is vacuumized to 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa. Raising the temperature from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, and then preserving the heat for 20 minutes to ensure that the temperature in the furnace is uniform and prevent the temperature gradient from occurring. Then the temperature is raised to the welding temperature of 1550 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 5 min. Then cooling to 500 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, thus completing the brazing of the molybdenum alloy and the graphite. The strength-displacement curve of FIG. 2 shows that the joint shear strength is 20.89 MPa.
Example 3
A high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3% of C, 15% of Mo, and the balance of Ti and V; the mass ratio of Ti to V is 57: 43.
a preparation method of the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite comprises the following steps:
weighing the mass of the raw materials of carbon powder, vanadium powder, titanium powder and molybdenum powder according to the mass percentage of the components of the high-temperature brazing filler metal, and mixing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of grinding balls to ball-milling media of 4: 1: 2, weighing the mass of the corresponding grinding ball tungsten carbide ball and the ball-milling medium absolute ethyl alcohol, and putting the tungsten carbide ball and the ball-milling medium absolute ethyl alcohol into a ball-milling tank in an argon environment. Installing a ball milling tank on a ball mill, setting the ball milling time to be 15h, starting the ball mill to perform ball milling after the rotating speed is 300r/min, pausing for 30min every time when the ball milling process is performed for 60min, and obtaining alloy powder which is the high-temperature brazing filler metal after the ball milling is finished; wherein the purities of the carbon powder, the vanadium powder, the titanium powder and the molybdenum powder are all more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the particle sizes are all 300 meshes.
The process for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite by using the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite comprises the following steps of:
grinding and polishing the welding surface of the graphite and the molybdenum alloy to be welded, ultrasonically cleaning the welding surface in absolute ethyl alcohol for 30 minutes, and then mixing the graphite and the molybdenum alloyThe alloy powder is evenly coated on the welding surface of the gold, the thickness is controlled to be 200 mu m, and the tungsten block is used for providing 5Kpa pressure after the graphite is put on the welding surface. Then the assembled workpiece is put into a vacuum graphitization sintering furnace and is vacuumized to 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa. Raising the temperature from room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 20 ℃/min, and then preserving the heat for 20 minutes to ensure that the temperature in the furnace is uniform and prevent the temperature gradient from occurring. Then the temperature is increased to 1500 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 10 min. Then cooling to 500 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, thus completing the brazing of the molybdenum alloy and the graphite. The joint was tightly bonded as observed by the scanning electron microscope of fig. 1, with a black reaction layer on the graphite side, indicating that a metallurgical bond was formed. The strength-displacement curve of FIG. 2 shows that the joint shear strength was 23.7 MPa.
Example 4
A high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.5% of C, 12% of Mo, and the balance of Ti and V; the mass ratio of Ti to V is 55: 45.
a preparation method of the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite comprises the following steps: weighing the mass of the raw materials of carbon powder, vanadium powder, titanium powder and molybdenum powder according to the mass percentage of the components of the high-temperature brazing filler metal, and mixing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of grinding balls to ball-milling media of 3: 1: 2, weighing the mass of the corresponding grinding ball tungsten carbide ball and the ball milling medium absolute ethyl alcohol, and putting the tungsten carbide ball and the ball milling medium absolute ethyl alcohol into a ball milling tank in an argon environment. Installing a ball milling tank on a ball mill, setting the ball milling time to be 20h, starting the ball mill to perform ball milling after the rotating speed is 250r/min, and pausing for 30min every time when the ball mill runs for 60min in the ball milling process; the alloy powder obtained after the ball milling is the high-temperature brazing filler metal; wherein the purities of the carbon powder, the vanadium powder, the titanium powder and the molybdenum powder are all more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the particle sizes are all 200 meshes.
The process for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite by using the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite comprises the following steps of:
grinding and polishing the welding surface of graphite and molybdenum alloy to be welded, ultrasonically cleaning the welding surface of the graphite and the molybdenum alloy in absolute ethyl alcohol for 20 minutes, and then uniformly coating the welding surface of the molybdenum alloy with the graphite and molybdenum alloyThe thickness of the alloy powder is controlled to be 210um, and the tungsten block is used for providing 4.5Kpa pressure after the graphite is put on. Then the assembled workpiece is put into a vacuum graphitization sintering furnace and is vacuumized to 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa. Raising the temperature from room temperature to 950 ℃ at the speed of 18 ℃/min, and then keeping the temperature for 25 minutes to ensure that the temperature in the furnace is uniform and prevent the temperature gradient from occurring. Then the temperature is increased to the welding temperature of 1550 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 5 min. Then cooling to 500 ℃ at the speed of 13 ℃/min, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, thus completing the brazing of the molybdenum alloy and the graphite. The strength-displacement curve of FIG. 2 shows that the joint shear strength is 22.9 MPa.
Example 5
A high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% of C, 13% of Mo, and the balance of Ti and V; the mass ratio of Ti to V is 60: 40.
a preparation method of the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite comprises the following steps: weighing the mass of raw material carbon powder, vanadium powder, titanium powder and molybdenum powder according to the mass percentage of the components of the high-temperature brazing filler metal, and mixing the raw materials according to the mass ratio of grinding balls to raw materials to ball-milling medium of 5: 1: weighing the corresponding tungsten carbide ball and absolute ethyl alcohol as ball milling medium in the proportion of 1.5, and putting the tungsten carbide ball and the absolute ethyl alcohol into a ball milling tank in argon atmosphere. Installing a ball milling tank on a ball mill, setting the ball milling time to be 20h, starting the ball mill to perform ball milling after the rotating speed is 200r/min, and pausing for 30min every time when the ball milling process is performed for 60 min; the alloy powder obtained after the ball milling is the high-temperature brazing filler metal; wherein the purities of the carbon powder, the vanadium powder, the titanium powder and the molybdenum powder are all more than or equal to 99.9 percent, and the particle sizes are all 350 meshes.
The process for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite by using the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite comprises the following steps of:
and grinding and polishing the welding surface of the graphite and the molybdenum alloy to be welded, ultrasonically cleaning the welding surface of the graphite and the molybdenum alloy in absolute ethyl alcohol for 40 minutes, uniformly coating the alloy powder on the welding surface of the molybdenum alloy, controlling the thickness to be 190 microns, placing the graphite, and providing a pressure of 5.5Kpa by using a tungsten block. Then the assembled workpiece is put into a vacuum graphitization sintering furnace and is vacuumized to 5 multiplied by 10 -2 Pa. Raising the temperature from room temperature to 1050 ℃ at the speed of 22 ℃/min, and then preserving the temperature for 15 minutes to ensure that the temperature in the furnace is uniform and prevent the temperature gradient from occurring. Then the temperature is raised to the welding temperature of 1550 ℃ at the speed of 13 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 5 min. Then cooling to 500 ℃ at the speed of 8 ℃/min, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, thus completing the brazing of the molybdenum alloy and the graphite. From the strength-displacement curve of FIG. 2, the shear strength of the joint was 19.6 MPa.
Comparative example
Xuqingyuan et al in the article "influence of brazing process on the structure performance of titanium brazing graphite and TZM alloy joint" (journal of welding, volume 27 in 2006, 7 th month), adopts pure Ti for connection, the shear strength of the joint is only 15MPa at most, and the brazing temperature is too high (over 1700 ℃), and the conditions are harsh.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite is characterized in that: the composition comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1-3% of C, 10-15% of Mo, and the balance of Ti and V.
2. The high temperature braze for brazing of molybdenum alloys and graphite according to claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of Ti to V is 55-60: 40-45.
3. A high temperature brazing filler metal for brazing of molybdenum alloys and graphite according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the raw materials comprise carbon powder, vanadium powder, titanium powder and molybdenum powder with the purity of more than or equal to 99.9 percent; the particle sizes of the carbon powder, the vanadium powder, the titanium powder and the molybdenum powder are all 200-350 meshes.
4. A method for preparing a high temperature brazing filler metal for brazing of molybdenum alloys and graphite according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing raw materials of carbon powder, vanadium powder, titanium powder and molybdenum powder according to the mass percentage of the components;
and S2, ball-milling the weighed raw materials in the S1 in an argon atmosphere to obtain the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite.
5. The method for preparing high temperature solder for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite according to claim 4, wherein: in S2, in the ball milling process, the mass ratio of the grinding balls to the materials to the ball milling medium is 3-5: 1: 1-2, wherein the ball milling medium is absolute ethyl alcohol; the grinding ball is tungsten carbide ball.
6. The method for preparing high temperature solder for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite according to claim 4, wherein: in S2, in the ball milling process, the ball milling rotation speed is 200-.
7. A process for brazing molybdenum alloys and graphite using a high temperature solder for brazing molybdenum alloys and graphite as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, grinding and polishing the welding surface of the graphite and the molybdenum alloy to be welded, and cleaning in absolute ethyl alcohol;
s2, coating the high-temperature brazing filler metal for brazing the molybdenum alloy and the graphite on the welding surface of the molybdenum alloy treated by the S1, controlling the coating thickness to be 190 plus 210 mu m, then placing the graphite, and placing a tungsten block on the graphite to provide pressure to obtain an assembled workpiece;
s3, placing the assembled workpiece into a vacuum graphitization sintering furnace, vacuumizing, raising the temperature from room temperature to 950-1050 ℃ at the speed of 18-22 ℃/min, then preserving the heat for 15-25 minutes, raising the temperature to the welding temperature at the speed of 8-13 ℃/min, preserving the heat for a certain time, cooling to 500 ℃ at the speed of 8-13 ℃/min, and then cooling to room temperature along with the furnace to complete the brazing of the molybdenum alloy and the graphite.
8. The process of brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite with a high temperature solder for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite as claimed in claim 7, wherein: in S1, the cleaning is ultrasonic cleaning; the ultrasonic cleaning time is 20-40 min.
9. The process of brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite with a high temperature solder for brazing molybdenum alloy and graphite as claimed in claim 7, wherein: in S2, the tungsten block is placed under a pressure of 4.5-5.5 KPa.
10. A process for brazing molybdenum alloys and graphite with a high temperature solder for brazing molybdenum alloys and graphite according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: in S3, the welding temperature is 1450-1550 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 5-20 min.
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