CN114984600A - Novel drying device and drying method suitable for slurry or solution materials - Google Patents
Novel drying device and drying method suitable for slurry or solution materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN114984600A CN114984600A CN202210915981.7A CN202210915981A CN114984600A CN 114984600 A CN114984600 A CN 114984600A CN 202210915981 A CN202210915981 A CN 202210915981A CN 114984600 A CN114984600 A CN 114984600A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/16—Evaporating by spraying
- B01D1/18—Evaporating by spraying to obtain dry solids
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D1/00—Evaporating
- B01D1/14—Evaporating with heated gases or vapours or liquids in contact with the liquid
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
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- B01D1/30—Accessories for evaporators ; Constructional details thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel drying device and a novel drying method suitable for slurry or solution materials, and belongs to the technical field of industrial drying. The drying device comprises a cylindrical machine body, a drying chamber is arranged in the machine body, a plurality of atomizing spray heads are uniformly distributed on the upper portion of the drying chamber, the atomizing spray heads are connected with a feeding pipeline and a compressed air pipeline, an air supply chamber is arranged at the bottom of the drying chamber, the air supply chamber is composed of a plurality of pressure equalizing chambers, an air equalizing plate is sealed on the upper surface of each pressure equalizing chamber, a plurality of air outlet holes are uniformly distributed on the air equalizing plate, the atomizing spray heads are correspondingly arranged right above the pressure equalizing chambers, a plurality of air outlets are formed in the top of the machine body, a cyclone separator is connected to the air outlet pipeline, and a coarse material outlet is formed in the lower portion of the side face of the machine body. The novel drying device designed by the invention has the advantages of high drying strength, high efficiency and strong processing capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial drying, in particular to a novel drying device and a drying method suitable for slurry or solution materials.
Background
At present, the drying of slurry materials or solutions basically adopts a spray drying technology, the existing spray drying technology basically adopts a tower structure, but the spray drying technology has low drying strength, so that the equipment has large volume, large occupied area and space, huge equipment investment, and easy material bonding on the inner wall of the equipment to cause waste; the centrifugal spray drying technology adopts more movable equipment, has high failure rate and higher daily application and maintenance cost.
The impinging stream drying technology is widely applied in the existing drying technology, but the impinging stream drying technology is mainly used for the drying process of grains, wood chips and the like, and is not suitable for drying slurry materials or solutions. When the existing impinging stream drying machine is used for treating slurry materials or solutions, the wall surface of the drying chamber is easy to stick to the wall, the drying chamber cannot stably run for a long time, the materials are easy to accumulate, the air distribution is uneven, and the single-machine treatment capacity is small; moreover, the current impinging stream drying technology can only be used for primary drying and is not suitable for deep drying (the water content of a dried product is less than or equal to 5%).
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention designs a novel drying device suitable for slurry or solution materials, so as to solve the problems of large occupied area, high construction and use cost and the like of the conventional drying equipment.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the drying device comprises a cylindrical machine body, a drying chamber is arranged in the machine body, a plurality of atomizing spray heads are uniformly distributed on the upper portion of the drying chamber, the atomizing spray heads are connected with a feeding pipeline and a compressed air pipeline, nozzles of the atomizing spray heads face downwards, an air supply chamber is arranged at the bottom of the drying chamber and blows air upwards, the air supply chamber consists of one or more pressure equalizing chambers, an air equalizing plate is sealed on the upper surface of each pressure equalizing chamber, a plurality of air outlet holes are uniformly distributed on the air equalizing plate, the atomizing spray heads are correspondingly arranged right above the pressure equalizing chambers, a plurality of air outlets are formed in the top of the machine body, an air outlet pipeline is connected with a cyclone separator, and a coarse material outlet is formed in the lower portion of the side face of the machine body.
Furthermore, a turbulence-enhanced air port with a large aperture is formed in the position, right opposite to the upper atomizing nozzle, of the center of the air-equalizing plate, and the turbulence-enhanced air port is connected with an independent air supply pipeline.
Furthermore, the inner wall of the machine body is provided with a purging pipe at the upper side of the drying chamber, a row of purging branch pipes are arranged on the lower side of the purging pipe, the air outlet direction of the purging branch pipes faces towards the inner wall of the machine body, the facing angles of the purging branch pipes on the purging pipe are different in an alternating mode, and the air outlet can cover the inner wall of the whole drying chamber.
Furthermore, an air outlet of the cyclone separator is sequentially connected with a bag-type dust collector and an induced draft fan through pipelines.
Furthermore, the air outlet end of the induced draft fan is connected with two heat exchangers through pipelines, and the two heat exchangers are respectively arranged on a feeding pipeline and a compressed air pipeline of the atomizing nozzle.
Furthermore, each pressure equalizing air chamber of the air supply chamber is respectively connected with an air supply device through an air supply pipeline, and the air supply device comprises an air blower and an air heater.
Furthermore, the bottom surface of the pressure equalizing air chamber is inclined upwards gradually from the air inlet to the inside, the air equalizing plate is composed of a plurality of layers of pore plates, and air outlet holes in two adjacent layers of pore plates are arranged in a staggered mode.
Furthermore, the air equalizing plate is composed of two layers of pore plates, wherein the aperture ratio of the pore plate at the lower layer is 15 to ˜ 40 percent, the air distribution resistance is increased, and the purpose of equalizing the pressure of the air chamber is better realized; the aperture ratio of the upper-layer pore plate is 2% -15%, the air velocity of the small holes is increased, the degree of collision turbulence is increased better, and the heat and mass transfer in the drying process is enhanced.
Furthermore, the distance between the atomizing nozzle and the air equalizing plate of the air supply chamber at the bottom is 500-3000 mm.
Meanwhile, the invention discloses a drying method of the novel drying device suitable for the pasty or solution materials, which comprises the following steps,
(1) the slurry or solution material is pressurized by a material pump and conveyed to an atomizing nozzle through a feeding pipeline, atomized into small droplets under the action of compressed air, sprayed downwards into a drying chamber at high speed, and dried air is sprayed upwards into the drying chamber at high speed through an air supply chamber at the bottom of the drying chamber through an air equalizing plate and collides with the small droplets on the material at the upper part to form a turbulent flow zone, and the material is subjected to high-strength mass and heat transfer and is dried;
(2) the dried material and hot air enter a cyclone separator for gas-solid separation under the action of a draught fan, the dried material is mainly collected at the bottom of the cyclone separator, the separated tail gas enters a bag-type dust remover for further dust removal and then is partially emptied, a small amount of product with fine particles is collected at the bottom of a bag-type dust remover 7, the partially separated tail gas exchanges heat with the compressed air and the material through a heat exchanger in a compressed air pipeline and a feeding pipeline respectively to preheat the compressed air and the material, and the bottom of a drying chamber can generate a very small amount of large particulate material according to different material characteristics and is discharged from a coarse material outlet;
wherein the pressure of the material reaching the atomizing nozzle is 0.05 MPa-0.6 MPa; the compressed air is normal-temperature compressed air or heated compressed air, the temperature of the heated compressed air is 120-250 ℃, and the pressure of the heated compressed air is 0.05-0.8 MPa; the volume ratio of the material entering the atomizing nozzle to the compressed air is 1: 20-1: 500; the atomization angle of the spray head is 15-120 degrees; the diameter of small liquid drops atomized by the nozzle is 5-1000 mu m; the air speed of the drying air from the air supply chamber at the bottom of the drying chamber is 0.5-10 m/s, and the temperature can be adjusted to 120-350 ℃ according to the material property.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that,the novel drying device suitable for the slurry or solution materials has the advantages that the atomizing nozzle is arranged at the top of the drying device, the air supply chamber is arranged at the bottom of the drying device, the atomizing nozzle atomizes the liquid materials and then sprays the atomized liquid materials downwards into the drying chamber at high speed, the air supply chamber sprays the heated drying air upwards into the drying chamber, the materials and the drying air collide with each other at high speed in the drying chamber to form a turbulent flow zone and carry out heat exchange, and the drying intensity and the depth are large; after the invention is adopted, the volumetric heat transfer coefficient is as high as 600-45000 kw/(m) 3 K), under the condition of the same dewatering amount, the volume of the drying equipment can be greatly reduced, and further the floor area is reduced; by introducing a spraying technology, after the feed slurry is atomized into fine liquid drops, the contact area of the slurry and hot air is increased, the drying efficiency is greatly improved, and the moisture content of a dried product can be dried to be less than or equal to 2%; a plurality of spray heads are arranged on a single device, and the single device has large handling capacity;
the pressure equalizing air chamber is arranged, so that the air pressure in the drying chamber is stable, the air distribution is uniform, the dried product is uniform and stable, the surface of the air supply chamber is sealed with the air equalizing plate, the air can be uniformly discharged from the air supply chamber through the air equalizing plate, and the drying chamber can generate uniform and stable drying air flow; the middle part of the air-equalizing plate is provided with a large-caliber turbulence-enhanced air port, the enhanced air port is arranged right opposite to the atomizing nozzle and is connected with an independent air supply pipeline, stronger drying air enhanced turbulence can be provided, and the drying strength and efficiency are improved;
the drying device is connected with the cyclone separator to separate materials, the dried materials are collected, the separated tail gas can be collected into fine-particle materials after being treated by the bag-type dust remover, and the treated part of the tail gas is used for heating the compressed air pipeline and the feeding pipeline through the heat exchanger, so that waste heat utilization is realized; the inner wall of the machine body is provided with the purging pipe, the inner wall of the drying chamber is continuously purged in the working process, small drops of colliding turbulence in the drying chamber are prevented from being adhered to the wall surface due to incomplete drying, and the long-period stable operation of the drying system is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the novel drying device suitable for the slurry or solution material.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the plenum chamber of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the air distribution plate of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the sectional structure of the air distribution plate of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the sectional structure of the purge air duct of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic top view of an air distribution plate according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of an air distribution plate according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
The description of the reference numerals,
the device comprises a machine body 1, a drying chamber 2, an atomizing spray head 3, an air supply chamber 4, a cyclone separator 5, a bag-type dust remover 6, an induced draft fan 7, a first heat exchanger 8, a second heat exchanger 9, a material tank 10, a material pump 11, an air blower 12, an air heater 13, an air outlet 14, a coarse material outlet 15, a purging air pipe 16, a compressed air pipeline 31, a feeding pipeline 32, a pressure equalizing air chamber 41, an air equalizing plate 42, a pore plate 43, an air outlet 44 and a turbulence intensifying air inlet 45.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention discloses a first embodiment of a novel drying device for slurry or solution materials, in which the drying device comprises a square cylindrical body 1, and a drying chamber 2 is arranged inside the body 1. 4 atomizing nozzles 3 are uniformly distributed on the upper part of the drying chamber 2, the atomizing nozzles 3 are connected with a feeding pipeline 32 and a compressed air pipeline 31, and the nozzles of the atomizing nozzles 3 face downwards. The atomizing spray head 3 is a two-fluid spray head, and can be selected to be an internal mixing type spray head or an external mixing type spray head according to the properties of the materials to be dried. The feeding pipeline 32 is connected with the material tank 10 and is provided with a material pump 11 for pressurizing and conveying materials. The pressure of the material conveyed by the material pump 11 to the atomizing nozzle 3 is controlled to be 0.05 MPa-0.6 MPa, the compressed air is normal-temperature compressed air or heated compressed air, the temperature of the heated compressed air is designed to be 120-250 ℃, and the output pressure is controlled to be 0.05-0.8 MPa; the volume ratio of the material entering the atomizing nozzle 3 to the compressed air is 1: 20-1: 500. The atomization spray angle of the atomization spray head 3 is 15-120 degrees, and the diameter of atomized small liquid drops is 5-1000 microns. The above parameters are adjusted and selected according to different material drying requirements.
The bottom of the drying chamber 2 is provided with an air supply chamber 4 for supplying air upwards. The air supply chamber is composed of 4 pressure equalizing air chambers 41, the 4 pressure equalizing air chambers 41 are arranged side by side, and the positions of the 4 pressure equalizing air chambers correspond to the atomizing nozzles 3 on the upper part of the drying chamber 2 one by one. The upper surface of each air equalizing chamber 41 is sealed with an air equalizing plate 42, the distance between the air equalizing plate 42 and the atomizer 3 is 2000mm, and the distance is within the spraying range of the atomizer. The air-equalizing plate 42 is composed of two layers of orifice plates 43. The perforated plate 43 is uniformly provided with a plurality of air outlet holes 44, and the air outlet holes 44 on the two layers of perforated plates 43 are arranged in a staggered manner. The bottom surface of the pressure equalizing air chamber 41 is inclined upward from the air inlet, and each pressure equalizing air chamber 41 of the air supply chamber 4 is connected with an air supply device through an air supply pipeline, and the air supply device comprises an air blower 12 and an air heater 13. The air is introduced by the blower 12, heated by the air heater 13 and sent into the pressure equalizing air chamber 41, the air speed of the dry air in the air supply chamber is 0.5-10 m/s, and the temperature of the dry air can be adjusted to 120-350 ℃ according to the material property.
The lower part of the side surface of the machine body 1 is provided with a coarse material outlet 15, and the inner side end of the coarse material outlet 15 is positioned at the upper side of the air equalizing plate. The top of the machine body 1 is provided with 3 air outlets 14, and the 3 air outlets 14 are connected with a cyclone separator 5 through pipelines. The air outlet end of the cyclone separator 5 is sequentially connected with a bag-type dust collector 6 and an induced draft fan 7 through pipelines. The air outlet end of the induced draft fan 7 is connected with a first heat exchanger 8 and a second heat exchanger 9 through pipelines, the first heat exchanger 8 is arranged on a feeding pipeline 32 of the atomizer, and the second heat exchanger 9 is arranged on a compressed air pipeline 31 of the atomizer 3. The tail gas dedusted by the bag-type dust remover 6 is partially emptied, and part of the tail gas enters the first heat exchanger 8 and the second heat exchanger 9, and the waste heat of the tail gas is utilized to heat the feeding material and the compressed air, and then the tail gas is emptied.
In addition, the inner walls of the 4 sides of the machine body 1 are respectively provided with a purging air pipe 16, the installation position of the purging air pipe 16 is slightly higher than that of the atomizing spray head 3, the purging air pipe 16 is connected with an external air source, a row of purging branch pipes 161 are connected with the purging air pipe, and the blowing directions of the purging branch pipes 161 all face the inner walls of the machine body. Meanwhile, the orientation angles of the blowing branch pipes 161 are different every 3 in an alternating mode, so that the air outlet of the blowing air pipe 16 on the inner wall of one side can cover the inner wall of the whole drying chamber. When the machine works, the blowing air pipe is connected with an air source to continuously blow the inner wall of the machine body, so that atomized material liquid drops are prevented from being adhered to the inner wall of the machine body.
Example 2
The invention discloses a second embodiment of a novel drying device suitable for slurry or solution materials, which is different from the embodiment 1 in that an air-equalizing plate 42 of an air-equalizing chamber is arranged, as shown in fig. 6 and 7, a large-aperture turbulence-enhanced air port 45 is arranged at the position, right opposite to an upper atomizing nozzle 3, of the center of two layers of pore plates 43, and the turbulence-enhanced air port 45 is connected with an independent air supply pipeline. The turbulent flow-enhanced air port 45 is arranged to independently blow air, so that the effect of enhancing the turbulent flow of atomized liquid drops is achieved.
The drying process of the novel drying device suitable for the slurry or solution material disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps of,
(1) the slurry or solution material is pressurized by a material pump and conveyed to an atomizing nozzle through a feeding pipeline, atomized into small droplets under the action of compressed air, sprayed downwards into a drying chamber at high speed, and dried air is sprayed upwards into the drying chamber from an air supply chamber at the bottom of the drying chamber through an air equalizing plate and collides with the small droplets on the material at the upper part at high speed to form a turbulent flow zone, and the material is subjected to high-strength mass and heat transfer and is dried;
(2) the dried material and hot air enter a cyclone separator for gas-solid separation under the action of a draught fan, the dried material is mainly collected at the bottom of the cyclone separator, the separated tail gas enters a bag-type dust remover for further dust removal and then is partially emptied, and a small amount of products with fine particles are collected at the bottom of the bag-type dust remover; part of the separated tail gas exchanges heat with compressed air and materials in a compressed air pipeline and a feeding pipeline respectively through a heat exchanger, and the compressed air and the materials are preheated; in the drying process, due to different material characteristics, a very small amount of large particulate materials can be generated at the bottom of the drying chamber and are discharged from the coarse material outlet.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and the description of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a novel drying device suitable for pulpiness or solution material, a serial communication port, drying device includes the organism of cylindricality, the inside of organism is the drying chamber, the upper portion equipartition of drying chamber has a plurality of atomizer, atomizer is connected with feeding line and compressed air pipeline, atomizer's spout is down, the bottom of drying chamber is provided with the supply-air chamber and upwards bloies, the supply-air chamber comprises one or more pressure-equalizing plenum, the upper surface in pressure-equalizing plenum has sealed the one deck air-equalizing plate, the equipartition has a plurality of exhaust vents on the air-equalizing plate, atomizer corresponds to set up directly over the pressure-equalizing plenum, open at the top of organism has a plurality of air outlets, air outlet pipe connection has cyclone, open the side lower part of organism has the coarse fodder export.
2. The novel drying device for the slurry or solution material as claimed in claim 1, wherein a large-aperture turbulence-enhanced tuyere is opened at a position opposite to the upper atomizer at the center of the air-equalizing plate, and the turbulence-enhanced tuyere is connected with an independent air supply pipeline.
3. The novel drying device for the slurry or solution material as claimed in claim 2, wherein the inner wall of the machine body is provided with a purging pipe at the upper side of the drying chamber, a row of purging branch pipes are arranged at the lower side of the purging pipe, the air outlet direction of the purging branch pipes faces the inner wall of the machine body, the orientation angles of the purging branch pipes on the purging pipe are different alternately, and the air outlet can cover the inner wall of the whole drying chamber.
4. The novel drying device for the slurry or solution materials according to claim 2, wherein the air outlet of the cyclone separator is sequentially connected with a bag-type dust collector and an induced draft fan through pipelines.
5. The novel drying device for the pasty or solution materials according to claim 4, characterized in that the air outlet end of the induced draft fan is connected with two heat exchangers through pipelines, and the two heat exchangers are respectively arranged on the feeding pipeline and the compressed air pipeline of the atomizer.
6. The novel drying device for the pasty or solution materials as claimed in claim 1, wherein each pressure equalizing air chamber of the air supply chamber is connected with an air supply device through an air supply pipeline, and the air supply device comprises an air blower and an air heater.
7. The novel drying device for the slurry or solution material as claimed in claim 5, wherein the bottom surface of the pressure equalizing plenum is inclined gradually upward from the air inlet, the air equalizing plate is composed of multiple layers of perforated plates, and the air outlets of two adjacent layers of perforated plates are arranged in a staggered manner.
8. The novel drying device for the slurry or solution materials as claimed in claim 7, wherein the air-equalizing plate is composed of two layers of perforated plates, a gap is reserved between the two layers of perforated plates, wherein the aperture ratio of the lower layer of perforated plate is 15% ˜ 40%, the air distribution resistance is increased, and the purpose of equalizing the pressure of the air chamber is better realized; the aperture ratio of the upper-layer pore plate is 2% -15%, the air velocity of the small holes is increased, the degree of collision turbulence is increased better, and the heat and mass transfer in the drying process is enhanced.
9. The novel drying device for the pasty or solution materials as claimed in claim 8, wherein the distance between the atomizing spray head and the air equalizing plate of the air supply chamber at the bottom is 500-3000 mm.
10. A method for drying a novel drying apparatus for material in slurry or solution form according to claim 9, characterized in that the drying method comprises the steps of,
(1) the slurry or solution material is pressurized by a material pump and conveyed to an atomizing nozzle through a feeding pipeline, atomized into small liquid drops under the action of compressed air, sprayed downwards into the drying chamber at high speed, and the dried air is sprayed upwards into the drying chamber from an air supply chamber at the bottom of the drying chamber through an air equalizing plate at high speed and collides with the small liquid drops of the material at the upper part to form a turbulent flow zone, and the material is subjected to mass and heat transfer and is dried;
(2) the method comprises the following steps that dried materials and hot air enter a cyclone separator for gas-solid separation under the action of a draught fan, the dried materials are mainly collected at the bottom of the cyclone separator, the separated tail gas enters a bag-type dust remover for further dust removal and then is partially emptied, a small amount of products with fine particles are collected at the bottom of the bag-type dust remover, the partially separated tail gas exchanges heat with the compressed air and the materials through a heat exchanger in a compressed air pipeline and a feeding pipeline respectively to preheat the compressed air and the materials, and the bottom of a drying chamber can generate a small amount of large particulate materials according to different material characteristics and is discharged from a coarse material outlet;
wherein the pressure of the material reaching the atomizing nozzle is 0.05 MPa-0.6 MPa; the compressed air is normal-temperature compressed air or heated compressed air, the temperature of the heated compressed air is 120-250 ℃, and the pressure of the heated compressed air is 0.05-0.8 MPa; the volume ratio of the materials entering the atomizing nozzle to the compressed air is 1: 20-1: 500; the atomization angle of the spray head is 15-120 degrees; the diameter of small liquid drops atomized by the nozzle is 5-1000 mu m; the air speed of the drying air from the air supply chamber at the bottom of the drying chamber is 0.5-10 m/s, and the temperature is adjusted to 120-350 ℃ according to the material property.
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| CN202210915981.7A CN114984600B (en) | 2022-08-01 | 2022-08-01 | Drying device and drying method suitable for slurry or solution materials |
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| CN215232166U (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-12-21 | 山东瑞丰高分子材料股份有限公司 | MBS resin powder double-airflow spray drying system |
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2022
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| RU2341743C1 (en) * | 2007-07-03 | 2008-12-20 | Олег Савельевич Кочетов | Pulse-type spray drier |
| CN107234030A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-10 | 中国航天建设集团有限公司 | Spray painting post static pressure blowing unit and spray paint cleaning system |
| CN108800876A (en) * | 2018-04-23 | 2018-11-13 | 广州晟启能源设备有限公司 | Equal air holes plate and drying machine |
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| CN114984600B (en) | 2022-11-04 |
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