CN114980359B - Data forwarding method, device, equipment, system and storage medium - Google Patents
Data forwarding method, device, equipment, system and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN114980359B CN114980359B CN202210900686.4A CN202210900686A CN114980359B CN 114980359 B CN114980359 B CN 114980359B CN 202210900686 A CN202210900686 A CN 202210900686A CN 114980359 B CN114980359 B CN 114980359B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W76/00—Connection management
- H04W76/10—Connection setup
- H04W76/12—Setup of transport tunnels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/22—Parsing or analysis of headers
Abstract
The embodiment of the application provides a data forwarding method, a data forwarding device, data forwarding equipment, a data forwarding system and a storage medium. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a message of a session between a terminal and a destination terminal through a first network element example, wherein the first network element example is deployed in a first layer of a cloud computing architecture; by the first network element example, the original message forwarding capability of the first layer is utilized to analyze the message to obtain address information corresponding to the data message between the terminal and the destination, a forwarding table item matched with the address information is searched from a forwarding table, and the message is forwarded according to the searched forwarding table item. According to the method and the device, the expenditure on cloud resources can be saved, and the forwarding performance is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a data forwarding method, apparatus, device, system, and storage medium.
Background
With the rapid development of communication technologies, the application of the fifth generation wireless communication technology 5G network is more and more extensive. At present, a UPF network element instance is specifically a UPF application instance deployed on a PaaS layer of a cloud computing architecture, and user data can reach the PaaS layer through an IaaS layer of the cloud computing architecture and can be forwarded by the UPF application instance deployed in the PaaS layer. However, in such a manner, the cloud resources of the UPF network element are relatively expensive and the forwarding delay is relatively long.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present application provide a data forwarding method, apparatus, device, system, and storage medium, so as to solve the problems in the prior art that overhead on cloud resources is large and forwarding delay is large.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data forwarding method, including:
acquiring a message of a session between a terminal and a destination terminal through a first network element example, wherein the first network element example is deployed in a first layer of a cloud computing architecture;
analyzing the message to obtain address information corresponding to the data message between the terminal and the destination terminal by using the original message forwarding capability of the first layer through the first network element example, searching a forwarding table item matched with the address information from a forwarding table, and forwarding the message according to the searched forwarding table item.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data forwarding apparatus, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a message of a session between a terminal and a destination terminal through a first network element instance, and the first network element instance is deployed in a first layer of a cloud computing architecture;
and the forwarding module is configured to analyze the packet to obtain address information corresponding to the data packet between the terminal and the destination by using the original packet forwarding capability of the first layer through the first network element instance, search a forwarding table entry matching the address information from a forwarding table, and forward the packet according to the searched forwarding table entry.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computing device, including: a memory, a processor; wherein the memory stores one or more computer instructions that, when executed by the processor, implement the method of any one of the first aspects.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a data communication system, including: the system comprises a terminal, a base station, computing equipment of a cloud network and a destination end, wherein the terminal is accessed to the base station; the computing device is configured to obtain a message of a session between a terminal and a destination through a first network element instance, where the first network element instance is deployed in a first layer of a cloud computing architecture, and analyze the message to obtain address information corresponding to a data message between the terminal and the destination by using an original message forwarding capability of the first layer through the first network element instance, search a forwarding table entry matched with the address information from a forwarding table, and forward the message according to the searched forwarding table entry.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when executed, implements the method according to any one of the first aspect.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program, which, when executed by a computer, is configured to implement the method according to any one of the first aspect.
In the embodiment of the application, a user data forwarding function of a core network is sunk to a layer (denoted as a first layer, which may be an IaaS layer) having a message forwarding capability originally in a cloud computing architecture, specifically, a message of a session between a terminal and a destination is obtained through a first network element example, the first network element example is deployed in the first layer, and the first network element example is used for analyzing the message to obtain address information corresponding to the data message encapsulated in the message by utilizing the original message forwarding capability of the first layer, searching a forwarding table entry matched with the address information from a forwarding table, and forwarding the message according to the searched forwarding table entry.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a data forwarding method provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a UPF network element forwarding user data in a conventional cloud-on-UPF network element scheme;
fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a data forwarding method according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a packet provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5A and fig. 5B are schematic structural diagrams of a packet provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic processing flow diagram of a scheme for cloud-on-UPF network elements according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating that a UPF network element forwards user data in a cloud solution on a UPF network element according to the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a data forwarding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used in the examples of this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and "a" and "an" typically include at least two, but do not exclude the presence of at least one.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely a relationship that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B, may represent: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
The words "if", as used herein may be interpreted as "at \8230; \8230whenor" when 8230; \8230when or "in response to a determination" or "in response to a detection", depending on the context. Similarly, the phrases "if determined" or "if detected (a stated condition or event)" may be interpreted as "when determined" or "in response to a determination" or "when detected (a stated condition or event)" or "in response to a detection (a stated condition or event)", depending on the context.
It is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a good or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such good or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising one of \8230;" does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in an article or system comprising the element.
In addition, the sequence of steps in each method embodiment described below is only an example and is not strictly limited.
Definition of terms:
a base station: the wireless access function is mainly provided for the terminal (such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer and the like of a user).
A core network: is the core of a mobile network that establishes a reliable, secure network connection for end users and provides access to their services. Taking the mobile communication technology as 5G as an example, the core network may be a 5G core network (5 GC).
GTP: GPRS Tunnel Protocol, GPRS tunneling Protocol, is a group of IP-based higher layer protocols, located on TCP/IP, UDP/IP protocols, GTP-U is one of them, GTP-U is the tunneling Protocol for core network and base station user plane data transmission.
SMF: session Management Function (Session Management Function) for tunnel maintenance, IP address allocation and Management, UP Function selection, policy enforcement, control in QoS, charging data acquisition, roaming, etc.
UPF: and a User Plane Function (User Plane Function) for a network element responsible for forwarding User Plane data.
UPF-C: and the control plane of the UPF is responsible for interaction between the UPF and the control plane network element SMF.
UPF-U: and the user plane of the UPF is responsible for forwarding the user data of the UPF network element.
PaaS: platform as a Service (Platform as a Service), one of cloud computing Service types, refers to a business model that provides a server Platform as a Service.
IaaS: infrastructure as a Service (Infrastructure as a Service), one of cloud computing Service types, refers to a Service mode in which IT Infrastructure is provided as a Service through a network and charging is performed according to the actual usage amount or occupancy amount of resources by a user.
UPF network element instance: examples for implementing the functionality of UPF network elements.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an application scenario of a data forwarding method provided in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, the application scenario may include a terminal 11, a base station 12, a core network element 13 for implementing user data forwarding, and a destination 14, where the terminal 11 accesses the base station 12 and accesses the destination 14 through the base station 12 and the core network element 13 thereof. Wherein, the base station 12 may be deployed on the cloud, or may also be deployed outside the cloud; the destination 14 may be deployed on the cloud or outside the cloud, and taking the core Network as 5GC as an example, the core Network element 13 may be a UPF element, and the destination 14 may be a Data Network (DN).
With the explosion of cloud computing, cloud over Communications Technology (CT) has become an unblocked trend, and a scheme for cloud over a UPF network element is proposed, as shown in fig. 2, in the existing cloud over a UPF network element scheme, an UPF network element instance is specifically an UPF application instance deployed in a PaaS layer of a cloud computing architecture, and the UPF application instance is used to implement functions of a UPF-C and a UPF-U, that is, the UPF application instance includes an UPF-C module and an UPF-U module, where the UPF-C module is used to implement interaction with an SMF, and the UPF-U module is used to implement message forwarding.
Referring to fig. 2, user data sent by a base station (gNb) may first reach an IaaS layer of a cloud computing architecture through a port P2, then may be forwarded to a PaaS layer through a port P0 and a port P0 'between the IaaS layer and the PaaS layer in sequence, and then may be forwarded to a port P1 through a port P1' by a UPF-U module of a UPF application instance deployed in the PaaS layer, so as to be forwarded to a DN; user data returned by the DN can reach an IaaS layer of a cloud computing framework through a port P3, then can be forwarded to a PaaS layer through a port P1 and a port P1 'between the IaaS layer and the PaaS layer in sequence, and then is forwarded to a port P0 through a port P0' by a UPF-U module of a UPF application example deployed in the PaaS layer so as to be forwarded to a base station and returned to a terminal by the base station. The port may be a port of a switch or a physical network card, and the IaaS only transparently forwards the UPF traffic. In fig. 2, N4 refers to an interface between the SMF and the UPF, N3 refers to an interface between the UPF and the base station, and N6 refers to an interface between the UPF and the DN.
As can be seen from fig. 2, in the existing cloud solution on the UPF network element, the UPF network element on the cloud needs to forward the same user data twice, where one time is at an IaaS layer of the cloud computing architecture, where the forwarding capability of the message originally exists, and the other time is at a PaaS layer of the cloud computing architecture, where the UPF application example is deployed, so that although the cloud network originally has the forwarding capability of the message, the resource for implementing the forwarding function of the user data needs to be added in the cloud network, which causes a problem of high overhead of the cloud resource, and meanwhile, a problem of high forwarding delay is caused by performing the forwarding processing of the message again on the basis of the original forwarding processing of the message on the cloud network. In addition, in this scheme, because the UPF application instance running on the virtual machine applied by the tenant on the cloud needs to implement the user data forwarding function, the performance requirement on the virtual machine applied by the tenant is high, which results in high use cost of the tenant.
In order to solve the technical problem of high overhead on cloud resources, in the embodiment of the application, a user data forwarding function of a core network is sunk to a layer (denoted as a first layer, which may be, for example, an IaaS layer) having a message forwarding capability originally in a cloud computing architecture, specifically, a message of a session between a terminal and a destination is obtained through a first network element example, the first network element example is deployed in the first layer, and address information corresponding to a data message encapsulated in the message is obtained through the first network element example by analyzing the message by using the original message forwarding capability of the first layer, a forwarding table entry matched with the address information is searched from the first network element example, and the message is forwarded according to the searched forwarding table entry.
It should be noted that the original message forwarding capability of the first layer means that the first layer originally has the capability of acquiring a message, analyzing the message and forwarding the message according to an analysis result, and in the present application, the original message forwarding capability of the first layer is utilized, and the data message encapsulated in the message can be further analyzed to obtain address information corresponding to the data message, and the message is forwarded according to the address information.
Some embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below and the features of the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a data communication method according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 3, the method provided by this implementation may include:
step 31, acquiring a message of a session between a terminal and a destination terminal through a first network element instance, wherein the first network element instance is deployed in a first layer of a cloud computing architecture;
and step 32, analyzing the message to obtain address information corresponding to the data message between the terminal and the destination by using the original message forwarding capability of the first layer through the first network element example, searching a forwarding table item matched with the address information from a forwarding table, and forwarding the message according to the searched forwarding table item.
In practical application, a cloud Network can be implemented based on a cloud computing architecture, the cloud Network is an overlay Network (also called an overlay Network, an overlay Network), the overlay Network is simply understood to be a logical Network built on an entity Network, the overlay Network can be implemented on the basis of the entity Network by using a tunnel encapsulation technology, a tunnel protocol is taken as an example of a Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network (VxLAN), a structure of a message in the cloud Network can be shown in fig. 4, for example, vxLAN + second Eth + L3+ L4 refers to a tunnel message sent to a second Virtual machine and obtained by encapsulating a first Virtual machine in the cloud Network, a header encapsulated in the tunnel message can be understood as an inner header, and a header encapsulated outside the tunnel message can be understood as an outer header, where the inner header can be related to an example running on the second Virtual machine, and the outer header can be related to a computing node where the second Virtual machine is located. The meaning of each field from left to right in fig. 4 is: the first Eth may represent an outer two-layer ethernet header, the IP may represent an outer three-layer IP header, the UDP may represent an outer four-layer User Datagram Protocol (UDP) header, the VxLAN may represent a VxLAN header, the second Eth may represent an Inner two-layer ethernet header, L3 may represent an Inner three-layer header, L4 may represent an Inner four-layer header, inner Data may represent a payload message, and the FCS may represent a frame check sequence.
In this embodiment of the present application, the first network element instance is a network element instance corresponding to a core network element for implementing user data forwarding, and taking a mobile communication technology as 5G as an example, the first network element instance may be a network element instance corresponding to a UPF network element (which may be referred to as a UPF network element instance). The cloud computing architecture may include multiple layers, for example, an IaaS layer, a Paas layer, and a SaaS layer, where a layer (denoted as a first layer) originally having a message forwarding capability exists among the multiple layers included in the cloud computing architecture, and the first network element instance is deployed in the first layer. Illustratively, the first layer may comprise an IaaS layer, and the first network element instance may be, for example, a UPF-U service instance.
The first network element instance may be configured to obtain a message of a session between the terminal and the destination, that is, the first network element instance may obtain the message of the session between the terminal and the destination. The message of the session between the terminal and the destination refers to a message including an identifier of the session between the terminal and the destination, and the obtained message of the session between the terminal and the destination may be a payload message or may be a cloud message (for example, a message shown in fig. 4) in which the payload message is encapsulated. The payload message may be a data message between the terminal and the destination, or may be a GTP message encapsulating the data message, and the data message between the terminal and the destination may include the data message that the terminal needs to send to the destination, and may also include the data message that the destination needs to send to the terminal.
In a possible case, the acquired packet is a packet from a terminal, and the structure of the acquired packet is specifically the structure of a packet in the cloud network, in which case, a GTP packet encapsulating a data packet between the terminal and the destination may be encapsulated in the acquired packet as a payload packet. Another possible scenario is that the acquired packet is a packet from a terminal, and the acquired packet is a GTP packet. In another possible case, the obtained packet is a packet from a destination, and the structure of the obtained packet is that of a packet in a cloud network, in which case, a data packet between the terminal and the destination may be encapsulated in the obtained packet as a payload packet. Yet another possible scenario is that the acquired message is a message from a destination, and the acquired message is a data message.
In this embodiment, the first network element instance may be further configured to forward the obtained packet by using the original packet forwarding capability of the first layer, that is, the first network element instance may further analyze the packet by using the original packet forwarding capability of the first layer to obtain address information corresponding to the data packet between the terminal and the destination, search a forwarding entry matching the address information from the forwarding table, and forward the packet according to the searched forwarding entry.
The address information corresponding to the data packet may be address information (e.g., an IP address) included in the data packet, or may be a GTP tunnel identifier (TEID) in a GTP header used for encapsulating the data packet. The UPF scheme U-plane forwarding table look-up process of the 3GPP standard is: each message needs to search for a corresponding session (sess) through the TEID/UE _ IP, then find out a packet data rule (pdr) with the highest priority, and match a forwarding action rule (far)/qos enforcement rule (qer)/forward using a report rule (urr).
It should be noted that, analyzing the acquired packet to obtain address information corresponding to the data packet, searching a forwarding table entry arranged in a matching manner with the address information from the forwarding table, and forwarding the packet according to the searched forwarding table entry, it can be understood that the capability of adding the GTP header is further added to the first layer based on the original packet forwarding capability of the first layer, and since the packet forwarding performed by the first network element instance is all related to the GTP packet (adding the GTP header to obtain the GTP packet, or removing the GTP header to obtain the data packet), it can be considered that the capability added to the first layer in this application is the GTP packet processing capability, which may be software or hardware, that is, the packet forwarding may be performed depending on the CPU, or, when the function of packet forwarding needs to be offloaded to physical hardware, the packet forwarding may be performed through, for example, an intelligent network card.
It should be noted that the data packet may include a three-layer header and a four-layer header, where the three-layer header may be an IP header, and may be parsed to obtain address information in the data packet, where the address information may include a source IP address and/or a destination IP address. For example, the matching forwarding table entry may be searched from the forwarding table according to the source IP address, and certainly, in other embodiments, the matching forwarding table entry may also be searched in other manners, which is not limited in this application.
In practical application, the base station and the destination terminal may be in communication connection with a specific device (which may be denoted as a forwarding device) on the cloud, and the base station and the destination terminal may send the packet to the forwarding device. In one embodiment, the first network element instance may run on the forwarding device, and thus may be directly parsed and forwarded by the forwarding device. In another embodiment, the first network element instance may run on another device other than the forwarding device, so that the forwarding device may forward the packet to the other device for parsing and forwarding.
For example, the action in the found forwarding entry may be discarding, forwarding or reporting.
When the action in the found forwarding table entry is discarding, forwarding the packet according to the found forwarding table entry, which may specifically include discarding the packet. When the action in the found forwarding entry is forwarding, forwarding is required according to the found forwarding entry. And when the action in the searched forwarding table entry is reporting, forwarding the message according to the searched forwarding table entry, which may specifically include reporting the message.
Exemplarily, when the obtained message is from a terminal, the obtained message is a GTP message encapsulated with a data message, and the destination is deployed on the cloud, forwarding the message according to the found forwarding table entry, including: deleting a GTP header of the message, sequentially adding a corresponding inner-layer header, a VxLAN tunnel header and an outer-layer header to the message to obtain a message to be forwarded, and forwarding the message to be forwarded according to the searched forwarding table entry so as to forward the message to be forwarded to the destination.
Illustratively, when the obtained message is from a terminal, the obtained message is a GTP message encapsulated with a data message, and the destination is deployed outside the cloud, forwarding the message according to the found forwarding table entry, which may specifically include: deleting the GTP head of the message to obtain a message to be forwarded, and forwarding the message to be forwarded according to the searched forwarding table entry.
Illustratively, when the obtained message is from a terminal, a GTP message encapsulated with a data message is encapsulated in the obtained message as a payload message, and a destination is deployed outside the cloud, forwarding the message according to the found forwarding table entry, including: and acquiring a GTP-U message from the message, deleting a GTP header of the acquired GTP-U message to obtain a message to be forwarded, and forwarding the message to be forwarded according to the searched forwarding table item.
Illustratively, when the obtained message is from a terminal, a GTP message encapsulated with a data message is encapsulated in the obtained message as a payload message, and a destination is deployed on a cloud, forwarding the message according to the found forwarding table entry, including: and deleting a GTP tunnel header in the message, adding a corresponding inner-layer Ethernet header to obtain a message to be forwarded, and forwarding the message to be forwarded according to the searched forwarding table entry. It should be noted that, since the transceiving port is replaced, the inner ethernet header is also changed accordingly. The structure of the packet before forwarding processing may be, for example, as shown in fig. 5A, and the packet to be forwarded, which is obtained after deleting the GTP tunnel header and adding the corresponding inner-layer ethernet header, may be, for example, as shown in fig. 5B. It should be noted that the GTP tunnel includes an ETH header, an L3 header, and an L4 header outside the GTP header, and thus the GTP tunnel header in this application includes an ETH header in the inner layer header, an L3 header in the inner layer header, an L4 header in the inner layer header, and a GTP header.
Illustratively, when the obtained packet is from a destination, the data packet is encapsulated in the obtained packet as a payload packet, and a base station to which the terminal accesses is deployed on a cloud, forwarding the data packet according to the found forwarding table entry may specifically include: and deleting the inner-layer Ethernet header in the message, adding a corresponding GTP tunnel header to the data message encapsulated in the message to obtain a message to be forwarded, and forwarding the message to be forwarded according to the searched forwarding table entry. The structure of the packet before forwarding processing may be, for example, as shown in fig. 5B, and the packet to be forwarded, which is obtained after deleting the inner-layer ethernet header and adding the GTP tunnel header, may be, for example, as shown in fig. 5A.
Exemplarily, when the acquired packet is from a destination, the data packet is encapsulated in the acquired packet as a payload packet, and a base station to which the terminal is connected is deployed outside the cloud, the forwarding processing on the data packet according to the found forwarding table entry may specifically include: and acquiring the data message from the message, adding a corresponding GTP tunnel header to the acquired data message to obtain a message to be forwarded, and forwarding the message to be forwarded according to the searched forwarding table entry.
Exemplarily, when the acquired packet is from a destination, the acquired packet is a data packet, and a base station to which the terminal is connected is deployed on a cloud, forwarding the data packet according to the found forwarding table entry, which may specifically include: and sequentially adding a GTP head, an inner layer header, a VxLAN tunnel head and an outer layer header to the message to obtain a message to be forwarded, and forwarding the message to be forwarded according to the searched forwarding table entry.
For example, when the obtained packet is from a destination, the obtained packet is a data packet, and a base station to which the terminal accesses is deployed outside the cloud, forwarding the data packet according to the found forwarding entry may specifically include: and adding a corresponding GTP tunnel header to the message to obtain the message to be forwarded, and forwarding the message to be forwarded according to the searched forwarding table entry.
In one embodiment, the first network element instance may be further configured to establish a session context according to the notification of the other network elements, and generate the forwarding rule according to the session context. It should be noted that, as to the specific manner of establishing the context and generating the forwarding rule according to the context, reference may be made to the specific description in the related art, which is not described herein again.
In another embodiment, a session context may be established by a second network element instance deployed in a layer different from the first layer (which may be referred to as a second layer) according to a notification of another network element, and a forwarding rule may be generated according to the session context, where the second network element instance is also a network element instance corresponding to a core network element for implementing user data forwarding, so that a layer separation of a function of interacting with another network element and a function of forwarding user data may be implemented, which is beneficial to improving flexibility.
The first network element instance and the second network element instance can correspond to the same core network element, so that the cloud access of the same core network element is realized. Illustratively, the first network element instance and the second network element instance may be UPF network element instances corresponding to the same UPF network element, thereby implementing cloud service on the same UPF network element. The second network element instance is deployed in a second layer of the cloud computing architecture, where the second layer may be a layer above the first layer, and illustratively, the second layer may include a PaaS layer, and the second network element instance may be a UPF application instance.
Taking the core network element as the UPF network element as an example, when the UPF network element instance includes the first network element instance and the second network element instance, the virtual machine applied by the tenant may run an application program for providing the functions of the UPF-C but not the UPF-U (i.e., including the UPF-C module but not the UPF-U module), so as to create the UPF application instance. The tenant can also apply for a service (namely, a UPF-U service) for providing the functions of the UPF-U to create a corresponding UPF-U service instance, and can register the applied UPF-U service to the virtual machine, so that the virtual machine can issue information to the UPF-U service. Compared with the scheme shown in fig. 2, the UPF application instance running on the virtual machine applied by the tenant on the cloud does not need to implement the user data forwarding function, so that the performance requirement on the virtual machine applied by the tenant can be reduced, and the use cost of the tenant is reduced.
Based on this, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application may further include: establishing a session context of the session according to the notification through a second network element instance, generating a corresponding forwarding rule according to the session context, and issuing the forwarding rule to the first network element instance, wherein the second network element instance is deployed in a second layer of the cloud computing architecture, and the second layer is a layer above the first layer; and acquiring a forwarding rule issued by the second network element instance through the first network element instance, and adding a forwarding table entry corresponding to the forwarding rule in the forwarding table. The forwarding table entries added according to the forwarding rule may include a forwarding table entry for forwarding a message in a direction from the terminal to the destination, and a forwarding table entry for forwarding a message in a direction from the destination to the terminal.
In an embodiment, under the condition that the UPF-C and the UPF-U are separated, a new interface for implementing the communication connection between the UPF-C and the UPF-U may be defined, the new interface for implementing the communication connection between the UPF-C and the UPF-U may be denoted as a preset interface, and the first network element instance and the second network element instance may communicate via the preset interface, that is, the first network element instance and the second network element instance may communicate based on a protocol of the preset interface. A new interface for a communication connection between UPF-C and UPF-U may be defined by the 3GPP protocol and may be identified, for example, as an N4-E interface or an N4-L interface. The protocol of the preset interface aims to use a general forwarding platform to complete communication specific protocol forwarding, namely support for a GTP-U protocol. The UPF (only the UPF-C in this design) can be implemented by using any platform adapted to the protocol of the predetermined interface, only by adding support to the protocol of the predetermined interface. The protocol of the preset interface can be realized by adapting an OpenFlow protocol, so that the forwarding infrastructure can be in butt joint with a UPF-C and the like.
It should be noted that the number of the first network element instances included in the same core network element for providing the user data forwarding function may be multiple, the number of the second network element instances included in the same core network element for providing the user data forwarding function may be multiple, and the first network element instance and the second network element instance may operate on the same device or may operate on different devices.
Taking an original layer with message forwarding capability as an IaaS layer and a core network element for providing a user data forwarding function as an UPF network element as an example, a process from session initiation to communication with a destination terminal of a terminal may be as shown in fig. 6, in step (1), the terminal may initiate session establishment, and an SMF network element may notify, through N4 connection, an UPF-C deployed in a layer above the IaaS layer to establish a session context; in the step (2), the UPF-C can generate a forwarding rule and inform the IaaS layer of generating a forwarding table item through the N4-L message; in the step (3), the terminal initiates a connection access DN, and the message reaches the IaaS layer to be directly forwarded by table lookup without reaching a layer (such as a PaaS layer) above the IaaS layer and forwarding the table lookup at the layer; some messages may be configured to be uploaded to a UPF-C cache or process in step (4).
Taking the first layer as an IaaS layer, the second layer as a PaaS layer, and implementing the cloud on the UPF network element as an example, as shown in fig. 7, the UPF network element instance may include a UPF application instance deployed in the PaaS layer of the cloud computing architecture and a UPF-U service instance deployed in the IaaS layer of the cloud computing architecture. Wherein the UPF application instance is used to implement the UPF-C functionality and not the UPF-U functionality, i.e., the UPF application instance includes a UPF-C module and not a UPF-U module; the UPF-U service instance is used to implement the UPF-U functionality.
Referring to fig. 7, user data sent by a base station (gNb) may first reach an IaaS layer of a cloud computing architecture through a port P2, and then may be forwarded to a DN through a port P3 by a UPF-U service instance in the deployed IaaS layer; user data returned by the DN can reach an IaaS layer of the cloud computing architecture through a port P3, and then can be forwarded to the base station through a port P2 by a UPF-U service instance deployed in the IaaS layer, so that the user data can be returned to the terminal by the base station. The port may be a port of a switch or a physical network card, and the IaaS forwards the UPF traffic not transparently but according to a forwarding rule. In fig. 7, N4 refers to an interface between SMF and UPF, N4-L refers to an interface between UPF-C and UPF-U, N3 refers to an interface between UPF and a base station, and N6 refers to an interface between UPF and DN.
As can be seen from fig. 7, in the cloud solution on a UPF network element provided in the embodiment of the present application, because the original message forwarding capability of the IaaS layer is used to implement the user data forwarding function, compared with the manner shown in fig. 2, the UPF network element on a cloud according to the method provided in the present application only needs to forward the same user data once, and the forwarding may only occur on the IaaS layer of the cloud computing architecture, but not on the PaaS layer of the cloud computing architecture, so that the forwarding performance is improved, and resources for implementing the user data forwarding function do not need to be added in the cloud network, thereby saving the overhead on cloud resources.
According to the data forwarding method provided by the embodiment of the application, the message of the session between the terminal and the destination is obtained through the first network element example, the first network element example is deployed in the first layer of the cloud computing architecture, the message is analyzed through the first network element example by utilizing the original message forwarding capability of the first layer to obtain the address information corresponding to the data message encapsulated in the message, the forwarding table entry matched with the address information is searched from the forwarding table, and the message is forwarded according to the searched forwarding table entry.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a data forwarding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application; referring to fig. 8, the present embodiment provides an apparatus that may perform the method shown in fig. 3, and in particular, the apparatus may include:
an obtaining module 81, configured to obtain, through a first network element instance, a message of a session between a terminal and a destination, where the first network element instance is deployed in a first layer of a cloud computing architecture;
a forwarding module 82, configured to, by using the first network element instance, analyze the packet to obtain address information corresponding to the data packet between the terminal and the destination by using the original packet forwarding capability of the first layer, search a forwarding entry matching the address information from a forwarding table, and forward the packet according to the searched forwarding entry.
In an embodiment, the apparatus provided in this embodiment may further include an establishing module, configured to establish, by a second network element instance, a session context of the session according to the notification, generate a corresponding forwarding rule according to the session context, and issue the forwarding rule to the first network element instance, where the second network element instance is deployed in a second layer of the cloud computing architecture, where the second layer is a layer above the first layer;
the forwarding module 82 is further configured to obtain, by using the first network element instance, the forwarding rule issued by the second network element instance, and add a forwarding table entry corresponding to the forwarding rule in the forwarding table.
In an embodiment, the first network element instance and the second network element instance are UPF network element instances corresponding to the same UPF network element.
In one embodiment, the first network element instance and the second network element instance communicate with each other through a preset interface, and the preset interface is an interface for implementing communication connection between a UPF-U and a UPF-C.
In one embodiment, the second layer comprises a PaaS layer.
In one embodiment, the first layer comprises an IaaS layer.
In one embodiment, the packet is from the terminal, and a GTP packet encapsulating the data packet is encapsulated in the packet as a payload packet; the forwarding module 82 is configured to forward the packet according to the found forwarding table entry, and includes: deleting a GTP tunnel header in the message, adding a corresponding inner layer Ethernet header to obtain a message to be forwarded, and forwarding the message to be forwarded according to the searched forwarding table entry.
In one embodiment, the message is from the destination, and the data message is encapsulated in the message as a payload message; the forwarding module 82 is configured to forward the data packet according to the found forwarding table entry, and includes: deleting the inner layer Ethernet header in the message, adding a corresponding GTP tunnel header to the data message encapsulated in the message to obtain a message to be forwarded, and forwarding the message to be forwarded according to the searched forwarding table entry.
The apparatus shown in fig. 8 can perform the method of the embodiment shown in fig. 3, and reference may be made to the related description of the embodiment shown in fig. 3 for a part of this embodiment that is not described in detail. The implementation process and technical effect of the technical solution refer to the description in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, and are not described herein again.
In one possible implementation, the architecture of the apparatus shown in FIG. 8 may be implemented as a computing device. As shown in fig. 9, the computing device may include: a processor 91 and a memory 92. Wherein the memory 92 is used for storing programs that support the computing device to execute the method provided in the embodiment shown in fig. 3 and the processor 91 is configured for executing the programs stored in the memory 92.
The program comprises one or more computer instructions which, when executed by the processor 91, are capable of performing the steps of:
acquiring a message of a session between a terminal and a destination terminal through a first network element example, wherein the first network element example is deployed in a first layer of a cloud computing architecture;
analyzing the message to obtain address information corresponding to the data message between the terminal and the destination terminal by using the original message forwarding capability of the first layer through the first network element example, searching a forwarding table item matched with the address information from a forwarding table, and forwarding the message according to the searched forwarding table item.
Optionally, the processor 91 is further configured to perform all or part of the steps in the foregoing embodiment shown in fig. 3.
The computing device may further include a communication interface 93 for communicating with other devices or a communication network.
In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a data communication system, including: the system comprises a terminal, a base station, computing equipment of a cloud network and a destination end, wherein the terminal is accessed to the base station; the computing device is configured to obtain a message of a session between a terminal and a destination through a first network element instance, where the first network element instance is deployed in a first layer of a cloud computing architecture, and analyze the message to obtain address information corresponding to a data message between the terminal and the destination by using an original message forwarding capability of the first layer through the first network element instance, search a forwarding table entry matched with the address information from a forwarding table, and forward the message according to the searched forwarding table entry.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed, the method according to the embodiment shown in fig. 3 is implemented.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Through the above description of the embodiments, those skilled in the art will clearly understand that each embodiment may be implemented by a necessary general hardware platform, and may also be implemented by a combination of hardware and software. With this understanding in mind, the above-described technical solutions and/or portions thereof that contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a computer program product, which may be embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media having computer-usable program code embodied therein (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.).
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, linked lists, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static Random Access Memory (SRAM), dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), read Only Memory (ROM), electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application, and not for limiting the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (12)
1. A method for forwarding data, comprising:
acquiring a message of a session between a terminal and a destination terminal through a first network element example, wherein the first network element example is deployed in a first layer of a cloud computing architecture; the first layer is a layer which originally has message forwarding capability in the cloud computing architecture; the original message forwarding capability of the first layer comprises: a capability of acquiring a message from outside the cloud computing architecture, analyzing the message and forwarding the message to a layer above the first layer in the cloud computing architecture according to an analysis result, and a capability of acquiring the message from the layer above the first layer in the cloud computing architecture, analyzing the message and forwarding the message to outside the cloud computing architecture according to the analysis result;
analyzing the message to obtain address information corresponding to the data message between the terminal and the destination terminal by using the original message forwarding capability of the first layer through the first network element example, searching a forwarding table item matched with the address information from a forwarding table, and forwarding the message according to the searched forwarding table item.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
establishing a session context of the session according to the notification through a second network element instance, generating a corresponding forwarding rule according to the session context, and issuing the forwarding rule to the first network element instance, wherein the second network element instance is deployed in a second layer of the cloud computing architecture, and the second layer is a layer above the first layer;
and acquiring the forwarding rule issued by the second network element instance through the first network element instance, and adding a forwarding table entry corresponding to the forwarding rule in the forwarding table.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the first network element instance and the second network element instance are UPF network element instances corresponding to a same UPF network element.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the first network element instance communicates with the second network element instance via a predetermined interface, and wherein the predetermined interface is an interface for implementing a communication connection between a UPF-U and a UPF-C.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein the second layer comprises a PaaS layer.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the first layer comprises an IaaS layer.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the packet is from the terminal, and a GTP packet encapsulating the data packet is encapsulated in the packet as a payload packet; the forwarding processing of the message according to the found forwarding table entry includes: deleting a GTP tunnel header in the message, adding a corresponding inner layer Ethernet header to obtain a message to be forwarded, and forwarding the message to be forwarded according to the searched forwarding table entry.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the message is from the destination, and wherein the data message is encapsulated as a payload message in the message; the forwarding processing of the data packet according to the found forwarding table entry includes: deleting the inner layer Ethernet header in the message, adding a corresponding GTP tunnel header to the data message encapsulated in the message to obtain a message to be forwarded, and forwarding the message to be forwarded according to the searched forwarding table entry.
9. A data forwarding apparatus, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring a message of a session between a terminal and a destination terminal through a first network element instance, and the first network element instance is deployed in a first layer of a cloud computing architecture; the first layer is a layer which originally has message forwarding capability in the cloud computing architecture; the original message forwarding capability of the first layer comprises: a capability of acquiring a message from outside the cloud computing architecture, analyzing the message and forwarding the message to a layer above the first layer in the cloud computing architecture according to an analysis result, and a capability of acquiring the message from the layer above the first layer in the cloud computing architecture, analyzing the message and forwarding the message to outside the cloud computing architecture according to the analysis result;
and the forwarding module is used for analyzing the message to obtain address information corresponding to the data message between the terminal and the destination terminal by using the original message forwarding capability of the first layer through the first network element example, searching a forwarding table item matched with the address information from a forwarding table, and forwarding the message according to the searched forwarding table item.
10. A computing device, comprising: a memory, a processor; wherein the memory stores one or more computer instructions that, when executed by the processor, implement the method of any of claims 1-8.
11. A data communication system, comprising: the system comprises a terminal, a base station, computing equipment of a cloud network and a destination end, wherein the terminal is accessed to the base station; the computing equipment is used for acquiring a message of a session between a terminal and a destination end through a first network element example, the first network element example is deployed in a first layer of a cloud computing architecture, the message is analyzed through the first network element example by using the original message forwarding capability of the first layer to obtain address information corresponding to the data message between the terminal and the destination end, a forwarding table item matched with the address information is searched from a forwarding table, and the message is forwarded according to the searched forwarding table item; the first layer is a layer which originally has message forwarding capability in the cloud computing architecture; the original message forwarding capability of the first layer comprises: the capability of acquiring messages from outside the cloud computing architecture, analyzing the messages and forwarding the messages to a layer above the first layer in the cloud computing architecture according to the analysis result, and the capability of acquiring the messages from the layer above the first layer in the cloud computing architecture, analyzing the messages and forwarding the messages to outside the cloud computing architecture according to the analysis result.
12. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed, implements the method of any one of claims 1-8.
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