CN114979970A - Method, system and readable storage medium for selecting multicast wave beam of cellular network - Google Patents
Method, system and readable storage medium for selecting multicast wave beam of cellular network Download PDFInfo
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- H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method, a system and a readable storage medium for selecting multicast wave beams of a cellular network, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the source node calculates a multicast combination to be selected of the cellular network; calculating the average time of receiving data packets by a single user node in each multicast combination to be selected; comparing the average time of receiving the data packet by each multicast combination single-user node to be selected, and taking the multicast combination to be selected with the minimum average time as the selected multicast combination; excluding the user nodes in the selected multicast combination, the remaining nodes in the cellular network repeat the above steps until the number of remaining user nodes is 0 or 1. The invention solves the technical problem of transmission efficiency reduction caused by overlarge signal beam coverage of the cellular network.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention belongs to the field of wireless communication technology, and in particular, to a method, a system, and a readable storage medium for selecting a multicast beam in a cellular network.
Background
With the progress of society and the development of economy, the demand for communication is gradually increasing. Therefore, it is an urgent task to improve the communication efficiency.
A cellular network typically comprises a source node and several users, the source node sending data to all users in the network. In the conventional method, the source node sends packets to the user mainly in a broadcast or unicast mode. Because the relative positions of the user and the source node are different, the beam of the broadcast or unicast needs to cover the farthest user, the larger the range of the signal beam is, the lower the channel gain is, the lower the receiving power of the signal received by the user is, the longer the time for receiving the packet is, thereby causing the reduction of the transmission efficiency and the improvement of the signal loss.
In order to solve the problem of transmission efficiency reduction caused by overlarge signal beam coverage of a cellular network, a method, a system and a readable storage medium for selecting a multicast beam of the cellular network are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, a system, and a readable storage medium for selecting a multicast beam of a cellular network, so as to at least solve the problem of transmission efficiency reduction caused by too large coverage of a signal beam of the cellular network in the related art.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a multicast beam selection method for a cellular network, including:
the source node calculates a multicast combination to be selected of the cellular network;
calculating the average time of receiving data packets by a single user node in each multicast combination to be selected;
comparing the average time of receiving the data packet by each multicast combination single-user node to be selected, and taking the multicast combination to be selected with the minimum average time as the selected multicast combination;
excluding the user nodes in the selected multicast combination, the remaining nodes in the cellular network repeat the above steps until the number of remaining user nodes is 0 or 1.
In one exemplary embodiment, the source node calculates the multicast combinations to be selected for the cellular network, comprising the steps of:
a source node acquires user node information in a cellular network, wherein the user node information comprises the distance between the user node and the source node and the position relationship between the user nodes;
the source node calculates all node combinations according to the permutation and combination of each user node;
calculating the weight value of the node combination according to the distance between each user node and the source node and/or the position relation between each user node;
and when the weight value of the node combination is smaller than the set combination threshold, deleting the user node combination from all the user node combinations, wherein the rest user node combinations are the multicast combinations to be selected of the cellular network.
In an exemplary embodiment, the calculating a weight value of a node combination according to a distance between each user node and a source node and/or a position relationship between each user node includes:
calculating a beam coverage radius influence value according to the distance difference between different user nodes and a source node;
calculating a beam coverage area influence value according to the adjacent relation of the positions among the user nodes and/or the distance among the user nodes;
calculating a beam coverage difficulty value according to the beam coverage radius influence value and/or the beam coverage range influence value;
and calculating the weight value of the node combination according to the negative correlation of the beam coverage difficulty value and the weight value of the node combination.
In an exemplary embodiment, the calculating the average time for the selected multicast group single-user node to receive the data packet includes the steps of:
acquiring the signal-to-noise ratio of a user node which is farthest away from a source node in the multicast combination to be selected through signaling feedback, and recording the signal-to-noise ratio as SNR;
calculating the rate r log of the user node receiving the data packet according to the signal-to-noise ratio 2 (1+SNR)；
Calculating the average time of receiving data packets by the multicast combination single-user node to be selected
Wherein, K represents the length of the data packet sent by the source node, and n represents the number of nodes in the multicast combination to be selected.
In an exemplary embodiment, when the number of remaining user nodes is 1, the user node is treated as a selected multicast group.
In one exemplary embodiment, further comprising the steps of:
calculating the coverage width of a beam sector according to the distribution range of each user node in the multicast combination of the cellular network;
calculating the coverage radius of a beam sector according to the distance between each user node and a source node in the multicast combination of the cellular network;
and performing beam forming according to the coverage width of the beam sector and the coverage radius of the beam sector.
In an exemplary embodiment, the historical transmission data of the relay node comprises any one or more combination of a historical data loss rate, a historical communication success rate and a historical relay number.
In an exemplary embodiment, the calculating the coverage width of the beam sector according to the distribution range of each user node in the multicast group of the cellular network includes the steps of:
calculating the connection line between each user node and a source node in the cellular network multicast combination;
and taking two connecting lines of the edge as the boundary of the beam sector, thereby obtaining the coverage width of the beam sector.
In an exemplary embodiment, the calculating the coverage radius of the beam sector according to the distance between each user node and the source node in the cellular network multicast combination is to calculate the maximum value of the distance between each user node and the source node in the cellular network multicast combination and take the maximum value as the coverage radius of the beam sector.
According to yet another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for electronic data exchange, wherein the computer program causes a computer to execute the above-mentioned method.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a multicast beam selection system for a cellular network, including:
a source node;
a user node;
a processor;
a memory;
and
one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor of the source node, the programs causing the computer to perform the above-described method.
The method, the system and the readable storage medium for selecting the multicast wave beam of the cellular network have the advantages that:
(1) according to the influence of the distance difference between different user nodes and a source node on the beam coverage radius, the adjacent relation of the positions between the user nodes and/or the influence of the distance between the user nodes on the beam coverage range, the weight value of the node combination is calculated, and part of possible user node combinations are excluded, so that the multicast combinations influencing the transmission efficiency can be effectively excluded, and the selection efficiency of the multicast combinations is improved.
(2) The average time of receiving the data packet by the single user node in each multicast combination to be selected is calculated, and the multicast combination is selected according to the average time of receiving the data packet by the user for multiple times of circulation, so that the multicast combination with the shortest propagation time of all the user nodes of the cellular network can be effectively selected, and the transmission efficiency of the cellular network is effectively improved.
(3) According to the distribution range of each user node in the multicast combination of the cellular network and the distance between each user node and the source node in the multicast combination, the coverage width and the coverage radius of the beam sector are calculated, and beam forming is carried out according to the coverage width and the coverage radius, so that the propagation beam can accurately cover the user node in each multicast combination, the bandwidth waste caused by the overlarge beam range in the traditional transmission scheme is avoided, and the signal loss is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a cellular network broadcast and unicast of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a cellular network multicast according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a method of multicast beam selection for a cellular network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method in sub-step S01 of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method of sub-step S013 of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a flow chart of sub-step S02 of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a flow chart of a method of multicast beam selection for a cellular network according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart of step S1 of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a flowchart of sub-step S11 of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a structural diagram of a multicast beam selection system of a cellular network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
In current cellular networks, data is usually transmitted in a broadcast or unicast manner, and taking a cellular network with three user nodes as an example, fig. 1(a) is a cellular network broadcast diagram, and fig. 1(b) is a cellular network unicast diagram.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the multicast group is defined as a group of user nodes of the cellular network, a signal sent by a source node once can just cover the group of user nodes, and the user nodes can simultaneously receive and decode the data packets from the source node. The beams covering these multicast group user nodes will occupy a contiguous set of sectors. The range covered by a sector is determined by the width and the radius. The radius is determined by a node in the set of nodes, and the width is limited by the leftmost and rightmost edge nodes in the set of nodes.
In the multicast beam selection method, system and readable storage medium of the embodiments of the present invention, a multicast beam is used to transmit a signal to a user. Taking a cellular network with three user nodes as an example, the beam selectivity of multicast is high, as shown in fig. 2(a), user 1 and user 2 form a multicast group, the beams of two users of the multicast group occupy a group of continuous sectors, the boundary of the sector is determined by the leftmost node 1 and the rightmost node 2, and the radius of the sector is determined by the farthest node 2. Each beamformed packet causes nodes 1 and 2 in the multicast group to receive and decode the data packet.
As shown in fig. 2(b), user 2 and user 3 may also form a multicast group, and the signal sent to the multicast group covers user 2 and user 3. As shown in fig. 2(c), user 1 and user 3 may also form a multicast group, and the signal sent to the multicast group covers user 1 and user 3.
A flow chart of a method for selecting a multicast beam in a cellular network according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 3, and the method includes the steps of:
s01, the source node calculates the multicast combination to be selected of the cellular network;
s02, calculating the average time of receiving data packets by a single user node in each multicast combination to be selected;
s03, comparing the average time of each multicast combination single-user node to be selected for receiving the data packet and taking the multicast combination to be selected with the minimum average time as the selected multicast combination;
s04, excluding the user nodes in the selected multicast combination, and the remaining nodes in the cellular network repeat the above steps until the number of the remaining user nodes is 0 or 1.
In an exemplary embodiment, the step S01, the flowchart of which is shown in fig. 4, includes the steps of:
s011, a source node acquires user node information in a cellular network; the user node information comprises the distance between the user node and the source node and the position relation between the user nodes;
s012, the source node calculates all node combinations according to the permutation and combination of each user node;
s013, calculating weight values of the node combinations according to the distances between the user nodes and the source nodes and/or the position relations between the user nodes;
s014, when the weight value of the node combination is smaller than the set combination threshold, deleting the user node combination from all the user node combinations, and the remaining user node combinations are the multicast combinations to be selected of the cellular network.
In this embodiment, the source node is a cellular network base station, and the base station acquires information of all user nodes in the cellular network, including distances between the user nodes and the source node and a position relationship between the user nodes. Taking the cellular network shown in fig. 2 as an example, the cellular network has 3 user nodes in total, the distances between the 3 user nodes and the source node and the position relationship between the user nodes are obtained, all node combinations obtained according to the arrangement and combination of the 3 user nodes are {1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2}, {2,3}, {1,3}, and {1,2,3}, the weight value Z of a node combination is calculated according to the distance between each user node and the source node and/or the position relationship between each user node, a combination threshold Z is set in advance according to the data transmission delay requirement or the network quality of the cellular network, when the weight value X of the node combination is less than X, the user node combination is deleted from all the user node combinations, and the remaining user node combinations are multicast combinations to be selected of the cellular network. When the node combination is an individual node, the weight value X of the node combination is made to be P, wherein P is a preset unicast weight value and satisfies P > X. In this embodiment, the unicast weight P is 0.6, and the combination threshold X is 0.5.
In an exemplary embodiment, the sub-step S013, the flowchart of which is shown in fig. 5, includes the steps of:
s0131, calculating a beam coverage radius influence value according to the difference between the distances between different user nodes and a source node;
s0132, calculating a beam coverage area influence value according to the adjacent relation of the positions among the user nodes and/or the distance among the user nodes;
s0133, calculating a beam coverage difficulty value according to the beam coverage radius influence value and/or the beam coverage range influence value;
s0134, calculating the weight value of the node combination according to the negative correlation relation between the beam coverage difficulty value and the weight value of the node combination.
In this embodiment, the calculating the beam coverage radius influence value according to the difference between the distances between different user nodes and the source node is to calculate the beam coverage radius influence value according to a positive correlation between the difference between the distances between the user nodes and the source node and the beam coverage radius influence value, and the beam coverage radius influence value is represented by a variable u.
The calculating of the beam coverage influence value according to the adjacent relationship of the positions between the user nodes and/or the distance between the user nodes is as follows: the method comprises the steps of calculating a beam coverage area influence value according to a positive correlation relationship between the number of sectors and the beam coverage area influence value, which are separated among user nodes, calculating the beam coverage area influence value according to a positive correlation relationship between the distance among the user nodes and the beam coverage area influence value, and calculating the beam coverage area influence value according to the number of the sectors and the positive correlation relationship between the distance among the user nodes and the beam coverage area influence value. The number of sectors spaced apart between user nodes is represented by variable m, the distance between user nodes is represented by variable s, and the beam coverage impact value is represented by variable v.
Table a shows different embodiments of calculating the beam coverage influence values a1 to A3.
Table a different embodiment for calculating beam coverage impact values
The step of calculating the beam coverage difficulty value according to the beam coverage radius influence value and/or the beam coverage influence value is to calculate the beam coverage difficulty value according to the positive correlation between the beam coverage radius influence value and/or the beam coverage influence value and the beam coverage difficulty value, wherein the beam coverage difficulty value is represented by a variable z.
Table B, B1 through B3, show different embodiments of calculating the beam coverage difficulty value, wherein the beam coverage radius influence value u and the beam coverage area influence value v referred to in table B are obtained by the formulas in the above embodiments.
TABLE B different embodiments for calculating the beam coverage difficulty value
In an exemplary embodiment, the step S0134 of calculating the weight value of the node combination according to the negative correlation between the beam coverage difficulty value and the weight value of the node combination includes:
calculating to obtain a beam coverage difficulty value z of each node in a certain node combination according to any one of the table B;
when the number of nodes in the node combination is 1, calculating the weight value x of the node combination to be P, wherein P is a preset unicast weight value;
when the number of nodes in the node combination is 2, calculating the weight value of the node combination according to the beam coverage difficulty value z of the node combination
Or x ═ e2 · z r3 Wherein e1, e2 and e3 are calculated coefficients obtained by training in advance.
When the number of nodes in the node combination is more than 2, calculating the average value of the wave beam coverage difficulty values of two combinations in the node combination, or calculating the maximum value of the wave beam coverage difficulty values of two combinations in the node combination, or calculating the minimum value of the wave beam coverage difficulty values of two combinations in the node combination, and recording the value as y, thereby calculating the weight value of the node combination
Or x ═ e5 · y r6 Wherein e4, e5 and e6 are calculated coefficients obtained by training in advance.
In this embodiment, the number of nodes in the node combinations {1}, {2}, and {3} is 1, and the weight value x is 1 ＝x 2 ＝x 3 ＝P＝0.6>Selecting the combination threshold value X as 0.5 to be selected multicast combination;
the number of the nodes in the node combination {1,2}, {2,3}, {1,3} is 2, and the beam coverage difficulty value z of the node combination {1,2} is calculated according to the method in any one of the table B 12 0.7, the beam coverage difficulty z of the node combination {1,3} 12 0.8, the beam coverage difficulty z for node combination {2,3} 12 When the calculation coefficient e1 obtained by training in advance is 0.6, the weight value of the node combination {1,2} is calculated
Calculating weight values of node combinations {1,3}
Calculating weight values of node combinations {2,3}
Weight value x 12 >X is 0.5, weight X 13 >X is 0.5, weight X 23 >X is 0.5, and the multicast combinations are selected as the multicast combinations to be selected;
the number of nodes in the node combination {1,2,3} is 3 according to the tableB, calculating the beam coverage difficulty value z of the node combination {1,2} by the method of any one of B 12 0.7, the beam coverage difficulty z of the node combination {1,3} 12 0.8, the beam coverage difficulty z for node combination {2,3} 12 0.8, calculating the average value y of the beam coverage difficulty values of the two combinations in the node combination to be 0.77, calculating the weight value of the node combination {1,2,3} by the calculation coefficient e4 trained in advance to be 0.6
Selecting the multicast combination to be selected;
therefore, the source node calculates that the multicast group to be selected of the cellular network is {1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2}, {2,3}, {1,3}, and {1,2,3 }.
In an exemplary embodiment, the step S02, shown in fig. 6, includes:
s021, acquiring the signal-to-noise ratio of the user node which is farthest from the source node in the multicast combination to be selected through signaling feedback, and recording the signal-to-noise ratio as an SNR;
s022, calculating the rate r of the user node receiving the data packet as log according to the signal-to-noise ratio 2 (1+SNR)；
S023, calculating the average time of receiving data packets by the single user node of the multicast combination to be selected
Wherein K represents the length of the data packet sent by the source node, and n represents the number of nodes in the multicast combination to be selected.
In this embodiment, the signaling feedback refers to that a source node sends a signaling to a user node, the user node records a current signal-to-noise ratio value after receiving the signaling and feeds the current signal-to-noise ratio value back to the source node, and the source node obtains a signal-to-noise ratio value SNR of each user node; obtaining a user node (e.g., the user node 2 in the node combination {1,2} is farthest from the source node) farthest from the source node in a certain multicast combination to be selected, and calculating the rate r (log) of receiving a data packet by the user node according to a shannon formula 2 (1+ SNR); calculating the average time of the multicast combination single user node to be selected to receive the data packet according to the receiving rate of the user node
Wherein K represents the length of a data packet to be sent by the source node, and n represents the number of nodes in the multicast combination to be selected.
And calculating the average time of receiving the data packet by the user nodes of all the node combinations {1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2}, {2,3}, {1,3}, and {1,2,3} according to the steps.
In this embodiment, in step S03, the average time of receiving the data packet by each multicast combination single-user node to be selected is compared, and the multicast combination to be selected with the smallest average time is used as the selected multicast combination. In this embodiment, the average time for the user nodes of the user combination {2,3} to receive the packet is the smallest, and the user combination {2,3} is the selected multicast combination.
In this embodiment, in step S04, the user nodes in the selected multicast combination {2,3}, i.e., user node 2 and user node 3, are excluded, and the number of remaining nodes in the cellular network is 1, at which point the loop ends.
In an exemplary embodiment, when the number of remaining user nodes is 1, the user node is treated as a selected multicast group. In this embodiment, if the number of remaining nodes in the cellular network is 1 and the remaining nodes in the cellular network are user nodes 1, the node is used as a selected multicast combination, that is, the multicast combinations are {2,3} and {1 }.
In another preferred embodiment, a flowchart of a multicast beam selection method for a cellular network according to the present invention is shown in fig. 7, and includes the steps of:
(1) initialization, to
Where U represents the set of all users that have been served, pi represents the set of multicast groups for which packets have been received,
representing an empty set; all multicast groups are found in all user nodes, and the number of the multicast groups is recorded as M;
(2) let i equal to 1;
(3)in the ith multicast group, searching the user node which is farthest from the source node in the multicast group, and acquiring the SNR (signal to noise ratio) i ；
(4) According to Shannon's formula r ═ log 2 (1+ SNR) calculates the packet receiving rate of the farthest user in the multicast group;
(5) according to
Calculating an average single user required time for all users of the multicast group to receive a packet, wherein U represents a set of all served users, G i Indicating the set of users, G, included in the ith multicast group i U represents the set of users in the ith multicast group who are not served, | G i \ U | represents the number of users in the ith multicast group who are not served;
(6) judging whether i is equal to 1, if so, entering the step (7); otherwise, entering the step (8);
(7) let τ ← τ i Recording the ith multicast group as S; entering a step (10);
(8) judging whether tau is larger than tau i If yes, entering step (9); otherwise, entering the step (10);
(9) let τ ← τ i Recording the ith multicast group as S;
(10) making i equal to i +1, and entering the step (11);
(11) judging whether i is larger than M, if yes, entering the step (12); otherwise, returning to the step (3);
(12) updating the set U ═ U $ S of the users who have received the packets, and updating the set pi ═ pi $ U { S } of the multicast group which has received the packets;
(13) judging whether U is equal to N or not, wherein S represents the set of all user nodes, and if so, finishing transmission; otherwise, returning to the step (2).
In this embodiment, the source node transmits 1 packet to 3 users. G for ith multicast group i To indicate. τ (G) i ) Indicating the time at which all users of the ith multicast group received the packet. r is i Indicating the transmission rate of the ith multicast group. SNR i Indicating an off-source node in the ith multicast groupThe signal-to-noise ratio of the farthest user. K denotes the length of the data packet to be transmitted. N denotes a set of all users.
The cell in which the user is located is divided into eight sectors on average. Starting from 12, the sectors are numbered 1-8 in a clockwise direction. Now there is one user in each of the 2 nd, 4 th and 7 th sectors. Therefore, seven possibilities of {1}, {2}, {3}, {1,2}, {2,3}, {1,3}, and {1,2,3} are shared. i initially has an initial value of 1.
For the multicast group 1, the minimum signal-to-noise ratio is 5.7. According to the Shannon formula r i ＝log 2 (1+SNR i ) The node that calculated the minimum signal-to-noise ratio in the multicast group received packets at a rate of 2.7. According to
The average user time per unit required for all nodes of the multicast group to receive a packet was calculated to be 3.7.
At this point i has a value of 1, so the first multicast group G will be 1 Is assigned to τ as the shortest value among the unit user times in all the multicast groups present. Simultaneously multicasting the first multicast group G 1 Is denoted as S.
Because τ is τ at this time 1 Let i +1 2.
At this time, the value of i is 2< M ═ 7, and the procedure returns to step (3).
For the multicast group 2, the minimum signal-to-noise ratio is 7.9. According to the Shannon formula r i ＝log 2 (1+SNR i ) The node that calculated the minimum signal-to-noise ratio in the multicast group received packets at a rate of 3.1. According to
The average user time per unit required for all nodes of the multicast group to receive a packet was calculated to be 3.2.
When i is 2, and τ>τ 2 So that the second multicast group G will be 2 Is assigned to τ, 3.2. Simultaneously multicasting a second multicast group G 2 Is denoted as S.
And (3) enabling i to be i +1 to be 3 and M to be 7, and returning to the step (3).
For multicast group 3, the minimum signal-to-noise ratio is 6.5. According to the Shannon formula r i ＝log 2 (1+SNR i ) The node that calculated the minimum signal-to-noise ratio in the multicast group received packets at a rate of 2.9. According to
The average user time per unit required for all nodes of the multicast group to receive a packet was calculated to be 3.4.
When i is 3, τ<τ 2 So the value of τ is not changed.
And (4) returning to the step (3) by enabling i to be i +1 to be 4 and M to be 7.
For the multicast group 1,2, the minimum signal-to-noise ratio is 5.7. According to the Shannon formula r i ＝log 2 (1+ SNRi calculates the minimum SNR for the node in the multicast group to receive packets at 2.7. according to
The average user time per unit required for all nodes of the multicast group to receive a packet is calculated to be 1.85.
When i has a value of 4, τ>τ 2 So the fourth multicast group G 4 Is assigned to τ, and an average unit user time of 1.85. Simultaneously multicast the fourth group G 4 Is recorded as S.
And (5) returning to the step (3) when i is equal to i +1 and equal to 5 and equal to 7.
For the multicast group 2,3, the minimum signal-to-noise ratio is 6.5. According to the Shannon formula r i ＝log 2 (1+ SNRi calculates the minimum SNR for the node in the multicast group to receive packets at 2.9. according to
The average user time per unit required for all nodes of the multicast group to receive a packet is calculated to be 1.7.
When i is 5, τ>τ 2 So the fifth multicast group G 5 Is assigned to τ, and average unit user time of 1.7. At the same timeMulticast the fifth group G 5 Is denoted as S.
And (3) enabling i to be i +1 to be 6 and M to be 7, and returning to the step (3).
For the multicast group 1,3, the minimum signal-to-noise ratio is 5.7. According to the Shannon formula r i ＝log 2 (1+SNR i ) The node that calculated the minimum signal-to-noise ratio in the multicast group received packets at a rate of 2.7. According to
The average user time per unit required for all nodes of the multicast group to receive a packet is calculated to be 1.85.
When i has a value of 6, in turn τ<τ 2 So the value of τ is not changed.
And (5) enabling i to be i +1 to be 7 and enabling M to be 7, and returning to the step (3).
For the multicast group {1,2,3}, the minimum signal-to-noise ratio is 5.7. According to the Shannon formula r i ＝log 2 (1+SNR i ) The node that calculated the minimum signal-to-noise ratio in the multicast group received packets at a rate of 2.7. According to
The average user time per unit required for all nodes of the multicast group to receive a packet is calculated to be 1.85.
When i is 7, τ<τ 2 So the value of τ is not changed.
Let i + 1M 7. Step (12) is entered.
Multicast group S is {2,3} and includes user node 2 and user node 3. And updating the set U of the users with the received packets as U ═ S ═ {2,3}, and updating the set pi ═ S { {2,3} } of the multicast group with the received packets.
There are 2 and 3 users who have received the packet at this time, and only user 1 remains without reception. The remaining user 1 is thus transmitted as a multicast group. The multicast group {1} is denoted as S.
And updating the set of users U ═ S ═ {1,2,3} of the multicast group with the received packets, and updating the set pi ═ S { {1}, {2,3} } of the multicast group with the received packets. At this time, U is equal to N {1,2,3}, and the transmission ends.
In another preferred embodiment, the method further includes step S1, the flowchart is shown in fig. 8, and step S1 includes:
s11, calculating the coverage width of the beam sector according to the distribution range of each user node in the multicast combination of the cellular network;
s12, calculating the coverage radius of the beam sector according to the distance between each user node and the source node in the cellular network multicast combination;
and S13, performing beam forming according to the coverage width of the beam sector and the coverage radius of the beam sector.
In an exemplary embodiment, the step S11, shown in fig. 9 as a flowchart, includes the steps of:
s111, calculating a connection line between each user node and a source node in the cellular network multicast combination;
and S112, taking the two connecting lines of the edge as the boundary of the beam sector, thereby obtaining the coverage width of the beam sector.
In this embodiment, the multicast combinations {2,3} and {1} obtained in the above embodiment are taken as examples, and the connection line between each user node and the source node in the multicast combination {2,3} forms the boundary of the beam sector, so as to obtain the coverage width of the beam sector.
In an exemplary embodiment, in step S12, a maximum value of the distances between each user node and the source node in the multicast combination of the cellular network is calculated, and the maximum value is used as the coverage radius of the beam sector. In this embodiment, the multicast combinations {2,3} and {1} obtained in the above embodiment are taken as examples, the distance between the user node 2 and the source node in the multicast combination {2,3} is the largest, and the distance between the user node 2 and the source node is taken as the coverage radius of the beam sector.
In step S13, beamforming is performed according to the coverage width of the beam sector and the coverage radius of the beam sector, and the obtained beamforming diagram is shown as the sector area in fig. 2 (b).
A computer-readable storage medium of an embodiment of the invention stores a computer program for electronic data exchange, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform the method of any of the above embodiments.
A schematic structural diagram of a multicast beam selection system of a cellular network according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 10, and includes:
a source node;
a user node;
a processor;
a memory;
and
one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor of the source node, the programs causing the computer to perform the method of any of the embodiments described above.
Of course, those skilled in the art should realize that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and not as a limitation to the present invention, and that the changes and modifications of the above embodiments will fall within the protection scope of the present invention as long as they are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for multicast beam selection for a cellular network, comprising:
the source node calculates a multicast combination to be selected of the cellular network;
calculating the average time of receiving data packets by a single user node in each multicast combination to be selected;
comparing the average time of receiving the data packet by each multicast combination single-user node to be selected, and taking the multicast combination to be selected with the minimum average time as the selected multicast combination;
excluding the user nodes in the selected multicast combination, the remaining nodes in the cellular network repeat the above steps until the number of remaining user nodes is 0 or 1.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the source node calculates a multicast combination to be selected for the cellular network, comprising:
a source node acquires user node information in a cellular network; the user node information comprises the distance between the user node and the source node and the position relation between the user nodes;
the source node calculates all node combinations according to the permutation and combination of each user node;
calculating the weight value of the node combination according to the distance between each user node and the source node and/or the position relation between each user node;
and when the weight value of the node combination is smaller than the set combination threshold, deleting the node combination in all the user node combinations, wherein the rest user node combinations are the multicast combinations to be selected of the cellular network.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the step of calculating the weight value of the node combination according to the distance between each user node and the source node and/or the location relationship between each user node comprises the steps of:
calculating a beam coverage radius influence value according to the difference of the distances between different user nodes and a source node;
calculating a beam coverage area influence value according to the adjacent relation of the positions among the user nodes and/or the distance among the user nodes;
calculating a beam coverage difficulty value according to the beam coverage radius influence value and/or the beam coverage range influence value;
and calculating the weight value of the node combination according to the negative correlation of the beam coverage difficulty value and the weight value of the node combination.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the calculating the average time for the selected multicast group single-user node to receive the data packet comprises:
acquiring the signal-to-noise ratio of a user node which is farthest from a source node in the multicast combination to be selected through signaling feedback, and recording the signal-to-noise ratio as an SNR;
calculating the rate of receiving data packets by the user node according to the signal-to-noise ratio
；
Calculating to-be-selected multicast combination single-user nodeAverage time of receiving data packet
Wherein K represents the length of the data packet sent by the source node, and n represents the number of nodes in the multicast combination to be selected.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the user node is selected as a selected multicast group when the number of remaining user nodes is 1.
6. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of:
calculating the coverage width of a wave beam sector according to the distribution range of each user node in the multicast combination of the cellular network;
calculating the coverage radius of a beam sector according to the distance between each user node and a source node in the multicast combination of the cellular network;
and performing beam forming according to the coverage width of the beam sector and the coverage radius of the beam sector.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the step of calculating the coverage of the beam sector according to the distribution range of each user node in the multicast group of the cellular network comprises the steps of:
calculating the connection line between each user node and a source node in the cellular network multicast combination;
and taking two connecting lines of the edge as the boundary of the beam sector, thereby obtaining the coverage width of the beam sector.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the calculating the coverage radius of the beam sector according to the distance between each user node and the source node in the cellular network multicast combination is a maximum value of the distance between each user node and the source node in the cellular network multicast combination and the maximum value is used as the coverage radius of the beam sector.
9. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for electronic data exchange, wherein the computer program causes a computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-8.
10. A cellular network multicast beam selection system, comprising:
a source node;
a user node;
a processor;
a memory;
and
one or more programs, wherein the one or more programs are stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor of the source node, the programs causing the computer to perform the method of any of claims 1-8.
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