CN114976029A - Battery cell and battery - Google Patents

Battery cell and battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114976029A
CN114976029A CN202210786520.4A CN202210786520A CN114976029A CN 114976029 A CN114976029 A CN 114976029A CN 202210786520 A CN202210786520 A CN 202210786520A CN 114976029 A CN114976029 A CN 114976029A
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Prior art keywords
coating
region
current collector
battery
silicon
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CN202210786520.4A
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CN114976029B (en
Inventor
张双虎
钟泽
孙云龙
朱攀
谢继春
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Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd
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Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64Carriers or collectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00Electrodes
    • H01M4/02Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/64Carriers or collectors
    • H01M4/66Selection of materials
    • H01M4/665Composites
    • H01M4/667Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides an electricity core and battery, electricity core includes: a current collector; a first coating applied to a first region of the current collector, the first coating comprising graphite; a second coating applied to a second region of the current collector, the second coating comprising a silicon-based material, and a length of an overlapping region of the first region and the second region being less than or equal to 3 millimeters. The lithium deposition of the negative plate can be reduced.

Description

Battery cell and battery
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery cell and a battery.
Background
At present, because the specific capacity of the traditional graphite material is close to the theoretical specific capacity (372mAh/g), the energy density and the charging efficiency of the battery are difficult to be improved, and the theoretical specific capacity of the silicon material is (4200mAh/g) which is 10 times higher than the theoretical specific capacity of the graphite material, in order to improve the energy density and the charging efficiency of the battery, a silicon active layer can be coated on the surface of a graphite active layer, or the silicon active layer and a conducting layer can be coated on the surface of the graphite active layer, but the negative plate is easy to separate lithium.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a battery core and a battery, which are used for solving the problem that lithium is easy to separate out from a negative plate.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical core, including a negative electrode sheet, where the negative electrode sheet includes:
a current collector;
a first coating applied to a first region of the current collector, the first coating comprising graphite;
a second coating applied to a second region of the current collector, the second coating comprising a silicon-based material, and the first region and the second region not overlapping.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery, where the battery includes the battery cell disclosed in the first aspect of the embodiment of the present application.
In the embodiment of the application, through on the mass flow body the coating include the first coating of graphite and the second coating including silicon-based material, improve the energy density of negative pole piece, and the first coating coat in the first region of mass flow body, the second coating coat in the second region of mass flow body, first region with the length in the overlap region in second region is less than or equal to 3 millimeters, promptly through the sectional type coating on the mass flow body first coating with the second coating makes and does not have the overlap region between first coating and the second coating, or overlap the region less, like this, first coating with interface impedance between the second coating reduces, and the embedding is more changed to lithium ion to reduce the lithium of analyzing of negative pole piece.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is one of schematic structural diagrams of a negative electrode sheet provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode sheet provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a third schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode sheet provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a fourth schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode sheet provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a fifth schematic structural view of a negative electrode sheet provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a sixth schematic view of the structure of a negative electrode sheet provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 7 is a seventh schematic structural diagram of a negative electrode sheet provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a top view of a battery cell provided in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The terms "first," "second," and the like in the embodiments of the present application are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed, but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Further, as used herein, "and/or" means at least one of the connected objects, e.g., a and/or B and/or C, means 7 cases including a alone, B alone, C alone, and both a and B present, B and C present, both a and C present, and A, B and C present.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell, including a negative electrode sheet, where the negative electrode sheet includes:
a current collector 100;
a first coating 200, the first coating 200 being applied to the first region 101 of the current collector 100, the first coating 200 comprising graphite;
a second coating 300, wherein the second coating 300 is coated on the second region 102 of the current collector 100, the second coating 300 comprises a silicon-based material, and the length of the overlapping region of the first region 101 and the second region 102 is less than or equal to 3 mm.
Among them, the current collector 100 may include copper, stainless steel, aluminum, nickel, or titanium, and the copper may be any one of a homogeneous copper foil, a porous copper foil, and a carbon-coated copper foil.
It is understood that the current collector 100 includes two opposite surfaces for coating, the first region 101 may include a part or all of the area of one surface of the current collector 100, or a part or all of the area of two surfaces of the current collector 100, the second region 102 may also include a part or all of the area of one surface of the current collector 100, or a part or all of the area of two surfaces of the current collector 100, and the coating of the first coating 200 and the second coating 300 on the current collector 100 is a segmented coating, and the first region 101 and the second region 102 may not overlap on the current collector, or the overlapping region is small (the length of the overlapping region in the length direction of the current collector is less than or equal to 3 mm), rather than a segmented overlapping coating, which avoids a large internal interface impedance caused by overlapping the first region 101 and the second region 102.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the X axis is a length direction of the current collector, the Y axis is a thickness direction of the current collector, the Z axis is a width direction of the current collector, and the first coating layer 200 and the second coating layer 300 are applied in a segmented manner, that is, the first coating layer 200 and the second coating layer 300 are two coating layers in parallel on one surface of the current collector 100 along the X axis direction.
Note that the non-segmented superposition coating is to coat the graphite active layer on the current collector 100, and then coat the silicon active layer on the surface of the graphite active layer, so that interface impedance exists between the graphite active layer and the silicon active layer, and lithium ions are difficult to be intercalated.
Specifically, the positions of the first coating 200 and the second coating 300 on the current collector 100 may be varied, for example, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, whether the tab 400 is disposed on one side or in the middle of the current collector 100, the second coating 300 may be located in a region close to the tab 400, and the first coating 200 is located in a region far from the tab 400; alternatively, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the first coating 200 and the second coating 300 are respectively located on two opposite sides of the current collector 100; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7, the second coating 300 may be located at one end of the current collector 100, and the first coating 200 is located in a coating region of the current collector 100 except where the second coating 300 is coated.
Wherein, the first coating 200 comprises graphite, and the graphite as an active substance can be one or more of artificial graphite, natural graphite, soft carbon, hard carbon and mesocarbon microbeads. The first coating layer 200 may further include a dispersant, a binder, and a conductive agent.
Wherein the second coating layer 300 includes a silicon-based material, which may be pure silicon (Si), silicon monoxide (SiO), and silicon dioxide (SiO) as active materials 2 ) One or more of (a). The second coating layer 300 may further include a dispersant, a binder, and a conductive agent.
Specifically, the dispersant may be a carboxymethyl cellulose salt (for example, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Na), lithium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC-Li), or the like), polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, or the like; the binder can be one or a mixture of several of Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), nitrile Butadiene Rubber, modified Styrene Butadiene Rubber, polyacrylate, water-based polyacrylonitrile copolymer and polyacrylate, polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyhexafluoropropylene; the conductive agent may be one or a mixture of several of conductive carbon black (Super P), carbon fiber, graphene, Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs), acetylene black, ketjen black copper, nickel, aluminum, silver, gold, and the like. The dispersant, the binder, and the conductive agent used in the first coating layer 200 and the second coating layer 300 may be the same or different.
In the embodiment of the present application, the energy density of the negative plate is increased by coating the first coating 200 comprising graphite and the second coating 300 comprising a silicon-based material on the current collector 100, and the first coating 200 is coated on the first area 101 of the current collector 100, the second coating 300 is coated on the second area 102 of the current collector 100, the length of the overlapping area of the first area 101 and the second area 102 is less than or equal to 3 mm, that is, the first coating 200 and the second coating 300 are coated on the current collector 100 in a segmented manner, so that there is no overlapping area or the overlapping area is smaller between the first coating 200 and the second coating 300, and thus the interface impedance between the first coating 200 and the second coating 300 is reduced, lithium ions are more easily inserted, and lithium precipitation of the negative plate is reduced.
In the case that there is an overlapping area between the first area 101 and the second area 102, the first coating 200 may be applied to the first area 101 before the second coating 300 is applied to the second area 102 during the production process; alternatively, the second coating 300 may be applied to the second region 102 before the first coating 200 is applied to the first region 101, which is not limited in this application.
In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, the length of the overlapping region of the first region 101 and the second region 102 is less than or equal to 3 mm, that is, the first coating 200 and the second coating 300 can be realized by segmented coating, so that the production cost of the negative plate can be reduced, and the production efficiency can be improved.
Optionally, the second coating 300 further comprises graphite;
the silicon-based material comprises at least one of:
silicon;
an oxide of silicon;
a silicon alloy.
Wherein the second coating layer 300 may be graphite mixed with a silicon-based material, which may include a pure silicon material Si, an oxide of silicon (e.g., silicon monoxide (SiO) or silicon dioxide (SiO)) 2 ) Etc.). It will be appreciated that the silicon-based material expands more volumetrically than graphite during cycling of the battery, and by incorporating graphite into the second coating 300, the volumetric expansion of the second coating 300 can be reduced and the electrical conductivity of the second coating 300 during cycling can be ensured.
Optionally, the silicon content of the second coating 300 is greater than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 30%.
It can be understood that the proportion of the silicon content in the negative electrode sheet can be predetermined, and the proportion of the silicon content in the negative electrode sheet can be controlled by the coating areal density of the second coating layer 300, and if the coating length is longer, the coating areal density can be smaller, and the thickness of the second coating layer 300 can be thinner; if the coating length is shorter, the coating areal density may be greater and the thickness of the second coating 300 may be thicker, i.e., the silicon content may be adjusted by the coating length, coating thickness and coating areal density.
In this embodiment, the silicon content of the second coating 300 is greater than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 30%, and within this range, the balance between avoiding a large volume expansion of the second coating 300 and reducing lithium deposition from the negative electrode sheet can be achieved.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 8 and 9, the thickness of the first coating layer 200 is greater than the thickness of the second coating layer 300, and the coating length of the second coating layer 300 is 1 to 3 times the width of the battery cell.
The X axis is the width direction of the battery cell, the Y axis is the thickness direction of the battery cell, and the Z axis is the length direction of the battery cell. For the winding type cell, winding can be started along the length direction of the current collector 100 from the position of the tab 400, and the second coating 300 is close to the tab 400, after the winding is completed, the second coating 300 comprising a silicon-based material can be formed near the tab 400, so that lithium precipitation near the tab 400 can be reduced.
It can be understood that when the battery cell is wound, the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm between the positive plate and the negative plate can be wound together, in this embodiment of the application, the coating length of the second coating layer 300 is 1 to 3 times of the width of the battery cell, that is, after the battery cell is wound, the tab 400 of the negative plate and the tab 500 of the positive plate are located inside the winding-type battery cell, and the position of the tab 400 close to the negative plate is coated with the second coating layer 300 of the silicon-containing material.
Specifically, when the battery core is wound, the number of winding layers of the battery core may be preset, so that the width of the battery core after winding may be determined according to the number of winding layers and the length of the current collector. In this way, the second coating layer 300 is coated according to the width of the wound battery cell, so that the second coating layer 300 containing the silicon material is formed in the vicinity of the tab 400 in the wound battery cell, thereby reducing lithium deposition. It should be noted that, during the battery cycling process, the gram volume of the silicon-based material is larger, and the volume expansion of the silicon-based material is about 3 times of the volume expansion of the graphite, and the thickness of the first coating layer 200 can be controlled to be larger than that of the second coating layer 300 during the coating process, so as to avoid the battery expansion caused by the second coating layer 300 after the volume expansion is obvious.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the first coating layer 200 is greater than the thickness of the second coating layer 300 in the negative electrode sheet, and the coating length of the second coating layer 300 is 1 to 3 times the width of the battery core, so that the influence of the volume expansion of the second coating layer 300 on the battery can be reduced.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the current collector 100 is provided with tabs 400;
the first region 101 and the second region 102 are distributed along a first direction of the current collector 100, a first distance is greater than a second distance, the first distance is the distance between the first coating 200 and the tab 400 along the first direction, and the second distance is the distance between the second coating 300 and the tab 400 along the first direction.
Specifically, the first direction is a length direction of the current collector 100, for a winding type battery, the tab 400 may be disposed at one end or a middle position of the current collector 100, and a distance between the first coating 200 and the tab 400 along the first direction is greater than a distance between the second coating 300 and the tab 400 along the first direction, that is, the first coating 200 is coated on a position far away from the tab 400, and the second coating 300 is coated on a position near the tab 400.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, fig. 1 is a front view of a negative electrode sheet in a wound structure, fig. 2 is a top view of the negative electrode sheet in the wound structure, fig. 1 and 2 may represent the same negative electrode sheet, in the case that a tab 400 is disposed at one end of a current collector 100, a second coating 300 may be coated on a single-sided coating region near the tab 400, and a first coating 200 may be coated on a double-sided coating region far from the tab 400; as shown in fig. 3 and 4, fig. 3 is a front view of a negative electrode sheet having another winding structure, fig. 4 is a plan view of the negative electrode sheet having another winding structure, and fig. 3 and 4 may show the negative electrode sheet having the same structure, in a case where a tab 400 is disposed in the middle of a tab middle (CTP) winding structure, a second coating 300 may be coated on both sides of the tab 400, and a first coating 200 may be coated on both sides of the first coating 200.
It can be understood that the current density is higher and the lithium ion concentration is higher in the negative plate near the tab 400 during charging, so that lithium is more easily separated, and in the embodiment of the present invention, the second coating 300 comprising a silicon-based material is coated near the tab 400, and the first coating 200 comprising graphite is coated far from the tab 400, so as to equalize the current density, provide more intercalation space for lithium ions, and reduce the lithium ion concentration at the tab 400.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1, the current collector 100 includes a single-side coating area and a double-side coating area, the first area 101 is located in the double-side coating area, and the second area 102 is located in the single-side coating area.
It is understood that in the cell of the winding structure, the tab 400 may be disposed at one side of the current collector 100 and wound as an inner ring from the side of the current collector 100 where the tab 400 is located.
The silicon-based material has a larger expansion volume than graphite, and is wound from the tab 400 side as an inner ring in a winding battery cell, and the second coating 300 is coated at a position close to the tab 400, so that the stress of the inner ring is larger and is more easily restrained, and the volume expansion of the silicon-based material in the second coating 300 is reduced.
In this embodiment, the first region 101 is located in the double-coated region and the second region 102 is located in the single-coated region, thereby reducing the volume expansion of the silicon-based material in the second coating 300.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 4, the tab 400 is located in a second region 102 of the current collector 100, the first region 101 includes a first sub-region 1011 and a second sub-region 1012, and the second region 102 is located between the first sub-region 1011 and the second sub-region 1012.
In the CTP-wound structure battery, the tab 400 may be disposed at the middle position of the current collector 100, and then, the present embodiment may apply the second coating layer 300 including the silicon-based material near the position of the tab 400 and apply the first coating layer 200 on both sides of the second coating layer 300, thereby providing more intercalation space for lithium ions and reducing lithium deposition by increasing surface negative electrode surface kinetics.
It should be noted that a first sub-region 1011, a second sub-region 1012, and a second region 102 may be respectively disposed on two opposite sides of the current collector 100, and for the first side of the current collector 100, the second region 102 is located between the first sub-region 1011 and the second sub-region 1012; for the second side of the current collector 100, the second region 102 is located between the first sub-region 1011 and the second sub-region 1012. Also, the lengths of the regions coated with the same coating layer on both sides of the current collector 100 may be the same or different, for example, as shown in fig. 3, the lengths of the first sub-regions 1011 on both sides of the current collector 100 for coating the first coating layer 200 are different, the lengths of the second regions 102 on both sides of the current collector 100 for coating the second coating layer 300 are the same, and the lengths of the second sub-regions 1012 on both sides of the current collector 100 for coating the first coating layer 200 are also the same.
In this embodiment, the current density is equalized by applying the second coating layer 300 including the silicon-based material at a position close to the tab 400 and applying the first coating layer 200 including graphite at a position far from the tab 400, thereby providing more intercalation spaces for lithium ions and reducing the concentration of lithium ions at the tab 400.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the current collector 100 includes a first surface and a second surface that are opposite to each other, the first region 101 is located on the first surface of the current collector 100, and the second region 102 is located on the second surface of the current collector 100.
Correspondingly, when the first surface comprises the single-side coating area, the second surface is the surface without the single-side coating area; the first side does not include a single-coated area, and the second side is the side including the single-coated area.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 5, the length of the first region 101 is smaller than the length of the second region 102.
On the current collector 100, the length of the second region 102 is greater than that of the first region 101, as shown in fig. 5, a portion of the second region 102 beyond the first region 101 in the length direction of the current collector 100 is a single-sided coating region, and the remaining portion of the second region 102 and the first region 101 are double-sided coating regions. The locations near the tabs may be coated with a coating of a silicon-containing material to reduce lithium extraction.
In this embodiment, the first coating 200 and the second coating 300 are respectively coated on two opposite sides of the current collector 100, and the second coating 300 comprises a silicon-based material, so that the energy density of the negative electrode plate can be increased, and the coating difficulty can be reduced.
For better understanding, the following test descriptions were performed on the negative electrode sheet provided in the examples of the present application.
(1) Normal temperature lithium extraction test:
the lithium evolution condition of the 25 ℃ battery after 20 charge-discharge cycles was tested: charging to 4.45V at a constant current of 0.3C, and then charging at a constant voltage until the current is reduced to 0.05C; the discharge process is to discharge to 3.0V at a constant current of 0.5C; finally, fully charging the battery at 0.3C, disassembling the battery, and checking the lithium separation condition of the negative pole piece;
(2) capacity retention rate test:
charging the lithium ion secondary battery to 4.45V at a constant current of 1C at 25 ℃, then charging to a cut-off current of 0.05C at a constant voltage, standing for 5min, discharging to 3.0V at a constant current of 1C, and repeating the above process for 300 times. The capacity retention (%) of the battery after 300 cycles was equal to the discharge capacity after 300 cycles/the discharge capacity after the first cycle × 100%;
(3) testing the cell expansion rate:
testing the thickness of soft package lithium battery (PPG) before battery circulation at normal temperature, and recording the initial thickness d 1 . The full-state PPG thickness is tested after the battery is cycled for 300 times and is recorded as the thickness d after the battery is cycled 2 . Expansion ratio (%) of 300 cycles (d) 2 -d 1 )/d 1 *100%;
(4) Energy density of the battery:
the capacity after the capacity of the battery is divided is recorded as C, and the width, the thickness and the height of the battery are respectively recorded as: w, T and H, and the voltage is denoted as V, the energy density of the cell is C V/(W T H).
The following cells were prepared for testing and comparison in the examples of this application:
(1) comparative group 1
Preparing a positive plate: the preparation method comprises the following steps of mixing lithium cobaltate (LiCO2), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and conductive carbon (Super P) according to a mass ratio (wt%) of 98%: 1%: dissolving 1% of the mixture in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP), uniformly stirring to prepare anode slurry, uniformly coating the anode slurry on an anode current collector aluminum foil, and drying and rolling to prepare an anode sheet; the anode active material can be a nickel-cobalt-manganese (NCM) ternary material, lithium iron phosphate and other common anode materials;
preparing a negative plate: mixing artificial graphite, conductive carbon black (Super P), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) in a mass ratio of 96%: 0.7%: 1.2%: adding 2.1% of the slurry into deionized water, uniformly stirring to prepare negative electrode slurry (which can be called graphene (Gr)), uniformly coating the prepared negative electrode slurry on a current collector carbon-coated copper foil with a negative electrode of 6 mu m, and drying and rolling to prepare a negative electrode plate. Wherein the coating surface density is 8.44mg/cm 2 The compacted density is 1.75g/cm 3 The thickness of the coating after rolling is 96 mu m;
preparing an electrolyte: the lithium salt used in the electrolyte of the examples of the present application was lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) at a concentration of 1M, and the organic solvent was Ethylene Carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and Ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC) in a mass ratio of 3: 4: 3 and the additive is a mixture containing 3 wt% fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and 1 wt% vinylene carbonate;
assembling the lithium ion battery: sequentially overlapping the prepared lithium ion negative pole piece, the polypropylene porous diaphragm and the positive pole piece, preparing a battery roll core through a winding process, and preparing the soft package lithium ion battery with a conventional winding structure through the procedures of packaging, liquid injection, formation, sorting and the like; the assembled structure is shown in fig. 1 and 2;
(2) comparative group 2
The difference from the comparative group 1 is that the battery core is made into a battery with a CTP structure, and the assembled structure is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4;
(3) experimental group 1
Active layer-slurry preparation: mixing artificial graphite, conductive carbon black (Super P), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) in a mass ratio of 96%: 0.7%: 1.2%: 2.1 percent of the active material layer I is added into deionized water and evenly stirred to prepare negative electrode slurry of the active material layer I;
preparing active layer two slurry: mixing SiO x The composite material comprises a/C composite active material, conductive carbon black (Super P), Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) and sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na) in a mass ratio of 96%: 0.7%: 2.0%: adding 1.3 percent of the mixture into deionized water, and uniformly stirring to prepare cathode slurry of the active material layer II;
the coating sequence is that slurry of the active material layer II is coated on the 6 mu m carbon-coated copper foil to be used as an active coating of a single-sided area of the negative electrode, then the active coating II is coated with the active coating I, and then the other side of the carbon-coated copper foil is coated with the active coating I to obtain the negative electrode pole piece structure as shown in the figure 1 and the figure 2; wherein the active coating has a length of 714mm and an areal density of 7.596mg/cm 2 The compacted density is 1.75g/cm 3 The thickness of the coating after rolling is 96 mu m; the length of the second coating is 114mm, and the areal density is 0.844mg/cm 2 Compacted to 1.75g/cm 3 (ii) a The rest of the manufacturing processes refer to the comparison group 1;
(4) experimental group 2: the difference from the experimental group 1 is that the active coating II is coated on the middle positions of two sides of the carbon-coated copper foil at the same time, and the structure of the negative pole piece is obtained as shown in figure 3;
(5) experimental group 3: the difference from the experimental group 1 is that the second active coating is completely coated on one side of the carbon-coated copper foil, namely the longer side of the paste, and the first active coating is completely coated on the other side of the carbon-coated copper foil, namely the shorter side of the paste, so that the structure of the negative pole piece is obtained as shown in fig. 5;
(6) experimental group 4: different from the experimental group 2, the electrode lug of the cell is positioned in the middle of the cell (CTP winding structure), and the active layer II is coated on the electrode lug to obtain the negative electrode plate structure as shown in fig. 3 and 4;
the test results of the above batteries are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003728948120000111
According to the results, the energy density of all experimental groups is greatly improved compared with that of the comparative group; in the conventional winding type battery, SiO is coated on the tab position of the single-side area part of the cathode head x After the material is used, the energy density of the battery is increased, and the lithium precipitation risk of the extreme ear position is reduced, mainly because of SiO x The material has the characteristic of high specific capacity, can provide lithium insertion space which is 10 times more than that of a graphite material for lithium ions, and improves the surface dynamics of a negative electrode; comparing the experimental groups 1 and 2, it can be seen that when SiO is used x When the coating is coated on the head (namely the inner ring of the battery core), the battery volume expansion can be reduced, mainly because the stress generated by the volume expansion of the pole piece of the inner ring is easier to be restrained; as can be seen from experimental groups 1 and 3, when 30 wt% SiO is present in the second active layer x When the active material is coated on one side of the pole piece, the volume expansion of the active material is obviously increased, and the capacity retention rate is reduced to 75.51 percent because of SiO in the coating paste x The volume effect brought by the increased content and the circulation later stage is inevitable, the internal electric contact is invalid, and the pole piece has the conductive capabilityCaused by descending; it is proved from the comparison group 2 and the experiment group 4 that the structure can reduce the risk of lithium precipitation at the pole ear position of the negative pole piece, and meanwhile, the Energy Density (ED) is improved.
The embodiment of the application further provides a battery, which comprises the battery cell. It should be noted that the battery provided in the embodiment of the present application includes all the technical features in the foregoing electrical core embodiments, and can achieve the same technical effects, and for avoiding repetition, details are not described here.
The battery provided in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to electronic devices, or used as a power battery to power electric vehicles such as electric cars, electric trains, electric bicycles, and golf carts.
For example, in the field of power batteries, the battery of the embodiment of the present application includes all the technical features of the above-described cell embodiments, and by increasing the energy density of the battery and reducing lithium deposition, the performance of the battery is improved, more electricity can be provided, and the service life of the battery is improved.
The electronic Device may be a Mobile phone, a Tablet Personal Computer (Tablet Personal Computer), a Laptop Computer (Laptop Computer) or a terminal side Device called a notebook Computer, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a palmtop Computer, a netbook, a super-Mobile Personal Computer (ultra-Mobile Personal Computer, UMPC), a Mobile Internet Device (MID), a Wearable Device (Wearable Device) or a Vehicle-mounted Device (Vehicle User Equipment, VUE), a Pedestrian terminal (Pedestrian User Equipment, PUE), and the like, and the Wearable Device includes: smart watches, bracelets, earphones, glasses, and the like. It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application do not limit the specific types of the electronic devices.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present application, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the disclosure, and it is intended that such changes and modifications be considered as within the scope of the disclosure.

Claims (10)

1. A battery cell, comprising a negative electrode sheet, wherein the negative electrode sheet comprises:
a current collector;
a first coating applied to a first region of the current collector, the first coating comprising graphite;
a second coating applied to a second region of the current collector, the second coating comprising a silicon-based material, and a length of an overlapping region of the first region and the second region being less than or equal to 3 millimeters.
2. The electrical core of claim 1, wherein the current collector is provided with a tab;
the first region and the second region are distributed along a first direction of a current collector, a first distance is greater than a second distance, the first distance is the first coating and the tab is along the distance of the first direction, and the second distance is the second coating and the tab is along the distance of the first direction.
3. The cell of claim 2, wherein the tab is located in a second region of the current collector, the first region comprising a first sub-region and a second sub-region, the second region being located between the first sub-region and the second sub-region.
4. The cell of claim 2, wherein the current collector comprises a single-sided coated region and a double-sided coated region, the first region being located in the double-sided coated region, and the second region being located in the single-sided coated region.
5. The cell of claim 1, wherein the current collector comprises first and second opposing faces, the first region being located on the first face of the current collector, and the second region being located on the second face of the current collector.
6. The cell of claim 5, wherein a length of the first region is less than a length of the second region.
7. The electrical core of claim 1, wherein the second coating further comprises graphite;
the silicon-based material comprises at least one of:
silicon;
an oxide of silicon;
a silicon alloy.
8. The cell of claim 1, wherein the second coating has a silicon content greater than or equal to 3% and less than or equal to 30%.
9. The cell of any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the thickness of the first coating is greater than the thickness of the second coating, and the second coating is coated over a length that is 1 to 3 times the width of the cell.
10. A battery, characterized in that it comprises a cell according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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