CN114974916B - Fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229940078487 nickel acetate tetrahydrate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- OINIXPNQKAZCRL-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);diacetate;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Ni+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O OINIXPNQKAZCRL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- YUKQRDCYNOVPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioacetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=S YUKQRDCYNOVPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioacetamide Natural products CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229940011182 cobalt acetate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(II) acetate Chemical compound [Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O QAHREYKOYSIQPH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001132 ultrasonic dispersion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- FTTATHOUSOIFOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,8a-octahydropyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine Chemical compound C1NCCN2CCCC21 FTTATHOUSOIFOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- ZBYYWKJVSFHYJL-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);diacetate;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ZBYYWKJVSFHYJL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- -1 transition metal sulfide Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910003266 NiCo Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004761 fibrosis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004763 sulfides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000474 mercury oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Hg]=O UKWHYYKOEPRTIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2,4-dichloro-5-propan-2-yloxyphenyl)acetamide Chemical compound CC(C)OC1=CC(NC(C)=O)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl QPJSUIGXIBEQAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000767 polyaniline Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012430 stability testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- VRRFSFYSLSPWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenecobalt Chemical class [Co]=S VRRFSFYSLSPWQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013153 zeolitic imidazolate framework Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/26—Electrodes characterised by their structure, e.g. multi-layered, porosity or surface features
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/24—Electrodes characterised by structural features of the materials making up or comprised in the electrodes, e.g. form, surface area or porosity; characterised by the structural features of powders or particles used therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/22—Electrodes
- H01G11/30—Electrodes characterised by their material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
- H01G11/86—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof specially adapted for electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/13—Energy storage using capacitors
Abstract
The invention discloses a fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material, which is prepared from nickel acetate tetrahydrate, cobalt acetate, trimesic acid and 1, 4-diazabicyclo [ 2.2.2]Octane and sodium dodecyl sulfate are used as raw materials, and NiCo-MOFs are prepared through hydrothermal reaction; with Ti 3 AlC 2 Lithium fluoride and concentrated hydrochloric acid are used as raw materials, and fibrous MXene is obtained through etching treatment and vibration treatment; finally, taking NiCo-MOFs as a precursor, taking fibrous MXene as a matrix, adding thioacetamide, and uniformly loading a granular NiCoS composite material on the surface of the fibrous MXene through a second hydrothermal reaction; the few-layer sheet-like MXene has a micron-sized sheet-like structure; fibrous MXene is a fibrous structure with a diameter of 10-40nm; the diameter of the granular NiCoS is 5-30nm. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing NiCo-MOFs; 2, preparing fibrous MXene; 3, preparation of NiCoS@MXene. Application of the material as super capacitor electrode material, and specific capacitance is 1300-1500 Fg ‑1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The energy density is as high as 63.3W h kg ‑1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The cycle stability after 10000 cycles remained 73% of the original.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of supercapacitor electrode materials in new energy materials, in particular to a fibrous MXene-loaded metal sulfide composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In recent years, the rapid growth of the population and the development of technology have increased global energy demands. However, as a plurality of reactions occur in the battery electrode material, the battery electrode material has the defects of short service life, long charge and discharge time, low power density and the like, and even has the potential safety hazard of spontaneous combustion and explosion. Super Capacitors (SCs) are used as an emerging energy storage device, and are widely focused on the advantages of high power density, high charging and discharging speed, wide working temperature range, long cycle life and the like, so that the super capacitors are one of the most suitable energy storage and conversion devices. The electrochemical performance of the supercapacitor is mainly determined by electrode materials, and is the key point of research.
MOFs have the advantages of flexible tailorability, excellent designability, unique pore channel structure and the like. Its large specific surface area, high porosity and structural adjustability, however, MOF S There is poor conductivity and cannot be directly used as an electrode material, and therefore, MOF S Typically as a template or precursor to construct a derivative or composite thereof. MOF (Metal oxide fiber) S The derived metal sulfide is one of them.
The transition metal sulfide has lower electronegativity due to sulfur, sulfide combined with metal ions can have more electrochemical activity and stability, and multiple oxidation-reduction reactions can also occur, so that the sulfide has excellent electrochemical performance. However, structural failure due to volumetric expansion and contraction of metal sulfide materials caused by faradaic redox reactions during long-term charge and discharge results in a decrease in electrochemical performance of these electrode materials, and there is still a need for improvement.
To overcome these technical problems, one of the strategies that can be achieved is to combine MOFs and their derived sulfides with conductive materials, such as carbon, graphene, MXene, polyaniline, and the like.
Among them, MXene having a typical two-dimensional structure is attracting attention. By treatment with hydrofluoric acid (HF) solution, a plurality of surface functional groups (e.g., F - 、O 2- 、OH - ) Is introduced into the MXene material to make it hydrophilic. In addition, after etching treatment, the MXene of the layered structure exhibits a large surface area and good electrical conductivity. MXene can be used not only directly as an electrode material, but also can be combined with various materials through electrostatic assembly. The combination of MXene and other functional nanoparticles can achieve synergistic effects, thereby improving electrochemical performance. Therefore, it is beneficial to rationally design the metal sulfide/MXene composite as an electrode material for supercapacitors.
Prior art 1[ Luo, L., zhou, Y., yan, W., et al Construction of advanced zeolitic imidazolate framework derived cobalt sulfide/MXene composites as high-performance electrodes for supercapacitors.J. Colloid Interf Sci. 2022, 615, 282-292.]Luo et al grow ZIF-67 derived sulfide on sheet MXene as electrode material of supercapacitor at 1A g by hydrothermal method -1 Has a specific capacitance of 602 Fg at a current density of -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Asymmetric supercapacitor Co with active carbon composition 3 S 4 /Ti 3 C 2 T x The// AC, at a power density of 800.3W/kg, showed a high energy density of 44.9 Wh/kg. The literature shows that the excellent conductivity of MOFs derived sulfides as well as MXene favors charge transfer of electrons, exhibiting high capacity and energy density.
Prior art 2[ Li, H., chen, X., zalnezhad, E., et al, 3D hierarchical transition-metal sulfides deposited on MXene as binder-free electrode for high-performance supercapacitors.J Ind Eng Chem. 2022, 82, 309-316.]Li et al NiCo, a transition metal sulfide 2 S 4 Uniformly deposited on sheet MXene as a binder-free composite electrode material for supercapacitors at 1A g -1 Has a specific capacitance at the current density of (2)596.7C g -1 ，MXene-NiCo 2 S 4 An asymmetric supercapacitor with activated carbon showed 27.24 Wh/kg at a power density of 0.48 kW/kg, which literature indicates that MXene and NiCo 2 S 4 Which gives it a unique nanostructure, thus providing a larger surface area and exposing more redox sites in the electrolyte.
The prior art shows that the metal-organic framework material has the advantages of rich pore structure, adjustable elements, controllable structure and the like, and is an ideal precursor for preparing transition metal sulfide. Although the metal sulfide has high capacity and high conductivity, the further application of the metal sulfide in the electrode material of the super capacitor is subjected to the defects of small surface area, easy accumulation, chemical instability and weak mechanical property, and is easily damaged by oxidation-reduction reaction in the long-term charge-discharge process, so that the limitation of poor rate performance and cycle stability is caused, and therefore, the metal sulfide can realize a synergistic effect in combination with MXene, the problems of metal sulfide accumulation, structural damage and the like are avoided, and the electrochemical performance is improved.
Therefore, the fibrous MXene is introduced as a matrix, so that the conductivity of the small-layer-sheet-shaped MXene is maintained, the specific surface area of the fibrous MXene can be increased, the effect of controlling the appearance of the whole material is achieved, and the combination of the fibrous MXene and other functional nano particles can realize a synergistic effect, so that the electrochemical performance is improved; the morphology of the material is controlled by a reasonable preparation method, so that the NiCoS composite electrode material taking fibrous MXene as a matrix is obtained, the NiCoS nano particles can be dispersed to avoid accumulation, the overall conductivity is provided, and the material performance is effectively improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
In order to solve the problem of improving the electrochemical performance and electrochemical cycling stability of MOFs derived metal sulfide materials, the method adopted by the invention comprises the following steps: the fibrous MXene is obtained by etching few lamellar MXene and further oscillating treatment, and simultaneously, niCoS nano particles are uniformly loaded on the fibrous MXene base material to prepare the NiCoS@MXene composite material with stable structure.
Wherein, the effect of the loading NiCoS comprises:
1. the NiCoS belongs to a pseudo-capacitance electrode material;
2. the transition metal sulfide has excellent capacitance and conductivity relatively higher than MOFs, and has higher electrochemical activity and higher capacity;
3. the NiCoS material may undergo more redox reactions.
In addition, the role of introducing fibrous MXene as a base material has 3 aspects:
1. the conductivity of the whole material can be effectively improved;
2. the specific surface area of the composite material is increased, and the effect of controlling the overall appearance can be achieved;
3. the contact area of the composite material and the electrolyte is enlarged, and the diffusion of ions can be accelerated, so that the aim of improving the performance of the whole super capacitor of the composite material is fulfilled.
In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material prepared from nickel acetate tetrahydrate, cobalt acetate, trimesic acid and 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2,2]Octane and sodium dodecyl sulfate are used as raw materials, and NiCo-MOFs are prepared through hydrothermal reaction; at the same time with Ti 3 AlC 2 Lithium fluoride and concentrated hydrochloric acid are used as raw materials, and are subjected to etching treatment to obtain a few-layer lamellar MXene, and further subjected to oscillation treatment to obtain fibrous MXene; finally, taking NiCo-MOFs as a precursor, taking fibrous MXene as a matrix, adding thioacetamide, and carrying out a second hydrothermal reaction to uniformly load the granular NiCoS composite material on the surface of the fibrous MXene, thereby obtaining the fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material.
The few-layered sheet-like MXene has a micrometer-sized sheet-like structure; the fibrous MXene has a fibrous structure with a diameter of 10-40nm; the diameter of the granular NiCoS is 5-30nm.
A preparation method of a fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing NiCo-MOFs, namely dissolving nickel acetate tetrahydrate and cobalt acetate tetrahydrate in water to prepare a solution A according to the quantity ratio of nickel acetate tetrahydrate, cobalt acetate tetrahydrate, trimesic acid, 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2, 2] octane and sodium dodecyl sulfate to a certain substance, dissolving trimesic acid and 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2, 2] octane in a mixed solvent of anhydrous ethanol and N, N-dimethylformamide to prepare a solution B, mixing the solution A and the solution B, adding sodium dodecyl sulfate to obtain a first hydrothermal reaction solution, carrying out a first hydrothermal reaction on the first hydrothermal reaction solution under a certain condition, washing and drying a first hydrothermal product by distilled water and anhydrous ethanol to obtain the NiCo-MOFs;
the ratio of the amounts of the substances of the nickel acetate tetrahydrate, the cobalt acetate tetrahydrate, the trimesic acid, the 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2, 2] octane and the sodium dodecyl sulfate in the step 1 is 4:2:3:6:6, preparing a base material;
the total concentration of metal ions of the solution A is 0.0088 g/mL, and the total concentration of metal ions of the solution B is 0.0036 g/mL;
the first hydrothermal reaction is carried out at a reaction temperature of 140-200 ℃ for 18-24 hours;
step 2, preparing fibrous MXene, namely preparing MAX into less-lamellar MXene through etching treatment, and preparing the less-lamellar MXene into fibrous MXene through vibration treatment;
the etching treatment in the step 2 is carried out by dissolving lithium fluoride into concentrated hydrochloric acid according to the mass ratio of lithium fluoride to concentrated hydrochloric acid, stirring under certain condition to obtain etching liquid, and then adding Ti 3 AlC 2 Placing the solution in etching solution, performing etching treatment under a certain condition, performing centrifugal washing on an etching product under a certain condition after the etching treatment is finished, performing ultrasonic dispersion until the pH value of supernatant is close to neutral to obtain dispersion liquid, and performing freeze drying treatment on the dispersion liquid to obtain a few-layer lamellar MXene;
the mass ratio of the lithium fluoride to the concentrated hydrochloric acid in the step 2 is 1 (5-10), the stirring condition of the etching solution is that the stirring speed is 400-600 rpm, and the stirring time is 3-10 min;
the etching treatment condition in the step 2 is that the etching temperature is 30-40 ℃ and the etching time is 20-36 h;
the step 2 is carried out under the centrifugation conditions that the centrifugation speed is 4000-6000rpm and the centrifugation times are 10-20 times;
the step 2 of oscillation treatment, namely the preparation method of the fibrous MXene from the less lamellar MXene, comprises the steps of carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the less lamellar MXene, carrying out oscillation treatment under a certain condition, washing an oscillation product by deionized water, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the fibrous MXene;
the ultrasonic dispersion condition in the step 2 is that the ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 20-40min in 6mol/L potassium hydroxide solution;
the condition of the vibration treatment in the step 2 is that the vibration temperature is 20-30 ℃, the vibration rotating speed is 120-180 rpm, and the vibration time is 3-6 days;
step 3, preparing NiCoS@MXene, namely firstly mixing NiCo-MOFs, fibrous MXene and thioacetamide which are obtained in the step 1 in absolute ethyl alcohol solution according to a certain mass ratio, performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a second hydrothermal reaction solution, performing a second hydrothermal reaction on the second hydrothermal reaction solution under a certain condition, washing a second hydrothermal product by distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying to obtain a fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material, namely NiCoS@MXene for short;
the mass ratio of the fibrous MXene, the NiCo-MOFs and the thioacetamide in the step 3 is 1: (3-5): (30-50);
the second hydrothermal reaction in the step 3 is carried out under the conditions that the reaction temperature is 100-160 ℃ and the reaction time is 4-8h;
the drying condition in the step 3 is that the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃ and the drying time is 20-24h.
Application of fibrous MXene loaded NiCoS composite material as supercapacitor electrode material, charging and discharging in the range of 0-0.55V, and discharging current density of 1 Ag -1 When the specific capacitance is 1300-1500F g -1 ；
An asymmetric super capacitor is formed by the active carbon, and is charged and discharged within the range of 0-1.7 and V, and the power density is 850W kg -1 When the energy density is up to 63.3 Wh kg -1 ；
The application of a fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material as an electrode material of a supercapacitor is characterized in that: an asymmetric super capacitor is formed by the active carbon and the active carbon, and the discharge current density is 5 Ag -1 When the cycle stability after 10000 cycles is maintained to be more than 73% of the original cycle stability.
The invention carries out experimental detection on the obtained NiCoS@MXene composite material with stable structure, and the result is as follows:
through X-ray diffraction (XRD) test, the diffraction crystal faces corresponding to different diffraction peaks of the NiCoS@MXene composite material conform to a standard card, and the NiCoS can be obtained to be successfully loaded on fibrous MXene;
through a scanning electron microscope test, the NiCoS@MXene composite material can be seen to be uniformly distributed on a unique fibrous structure of MXene, which indicates that the NiCoS@MXene composite material with stable structure is successfully prepared;
electrochemical testing and electrochemical cycling stability testing of nicos@mxene composites:
charging and discharging in the range of 0-0.55V, and discharging current density of 1A g -1 At the time, the specific capacitance of the NiCoS@MXene composite material is 1505 Fg -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The asymmetric super capacitor formed by the active carbon and the active carbon is charged and discharged within the range of 0-1.7 and V, and the power density is 850W kg -1 When the energy density is up to 63.3 Wh kg -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Discharge current density of 5A g -1 When the cycle stability after 10000 cycles is maintained to be more than 73% of the original cycle stability.
Therefore, the NiCoS@MXene composite material provided by the invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:
1. the invention adopts two-step hydrothermal to successfully load MOFs-derived NiCoS nano particles on a fibrous MXene carrier uniformly to prepare the NiCoS@MXene composite material, thereby realizing the effect of improving the stability of the supercapacitor, and the specific capacitance is 1505 Fg -1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The electrode material has low cost, simple synthesis method and process and easy mass production;
MOFs derived NiCoS nano particles not only improve the problem of poor conductivity of MOFs, but also provide additional pseudo-capacitance for a matrix material, so that the specific capacitance of the whole composite material is improved;
3. the fibrous MXene prepared by modification not only can improve conductivity of the composite material, but also can increase specific surface area of the fibrous MXene, and plays a role in controlling overall morphology, so that aggregation of NiCoS nano particles is avoided, and electrochemical activity of the material is improved;
4. the MXene with a fibrous structure is introduced as a base material, so that the overall shape of the material is effectively controlled, the contact area between the NiCoS@MXene composite material and an electrolyte is enlarged, and the diffusion of ions is accelerated, so that the overall super-capacitor performance of the composite material is improved.
Therefore, the invention has wide application prospect in the field of super capacitor materials.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD of a NiCoS@MXene composite material prepared in step 3 of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a transmission electron micrograph TEM of the reduced-layer laminated MXene material prepared in step 2.1 of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a SEM image of the preparation of fibrous MXene material of step 2.2 of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a SEM image of the preparation of a NiCoS@MXene composite material in step 3 of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the NiCoS@MXene composite material prepared in example 1 at a current density of 1A g -1 A lower charge-discharge curve graph;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing that the NiCoS@MXene composite material prepared in example 1 and activated carbon form an asymmetric supercapacitor at a current density of 1A g -1 A lower charge-discharge curve graph;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the cycle performance of the NiCoS@MXene composite material prepared in example 1;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing that the prepared NiCoS material of comparative example 1 has a current density of 1A g -1 A lower charge-discharge curve graph;
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the cycle performance of the NiCoS material prepared in comparative example 1.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing that comparative example 2 NiCoS@MXene-1 material prepared based on a few-layered MXene had a current density of 1A g -1 The following charge-discharge curve graph.
Description of the embodiments
The present invention will now be described in further detail by way of examples, and not by way of limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Examples
The preparation method of the fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing NiCo-MOFs, namely dissolving 0.33mmol of nickel acetate tetrahydrate and 0.17mmol of cobalt acetate tetrahydrate in 15mL of water to prepare a solution A with the total concentration of metal ions of 0.0088 g/mL, simultaneously dissolving 0.25mmol of trimesic acid and 0.5mmol of 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2, 2] octane in 15mL of absolute ethyl alcohol and 15mL of N, N-dimethylformamide mixed solvent to prepare a solution B with the concentration of 0.0036 g/mL, mixing the solution A and the solution B, adding 0.75mmol of sodium dodecyl sulfate to obtain a first hydrothermal reaction solution, and then carrying out a first hydrothermal reaction on the first hydrothermal reaction solution under the conditions that the reaction temperature is 160 ℃ and the reaction time is 20h, and washing and drying the first hydrothermal product by distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain NiCo-MOFs;
step 2, preparing fibrous MXene, namely preparing MAX into less-layer-shaped MXene through etching treatment, preparing the less-layer-shaped MXene into fibrous MXene through vibration treatment,
step 2.1, preparing a few-layer lamellar MXene, firstly, precisely weighing 0.5 g lithium fluoride powder into 10 mL 9mol/L concentrated hydrochloric acid according to the mass ratio of 1:6.57 of lithium fluoride to concentrated hydrochloric acid, stirring at the stirring speed of 500 rpm for 5 min to obtain an etching solution, and then weighing 0.5 g Ti 3 AlC 2 MAX, in an etching solution at 35 deg.c for an etching timeEtching under the conditions of 24h and stirring, wherein the etching treatment has the effect of etching an Al layer in an MAX phase, centrifugally washing an etching product by deionized water for 15 times after the etching treatment is finished until the pH value of supernatant is close to neutrality, performing ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a dispersion liquid, and performing freeze drying treatment on the dispersion liquid to obtain a few-layer lamellar MXene;
step 2.2, carrying out fibrosis of the less lamellar MXene, placing 60mg of the less lamellar MXene in 60mL of 6mol/L potassium hydroxide solution, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion for 30min, carrying out oscillation treatment in a constant-temperature oscillator at an oscillation temperature of 25 ℃ and an oscillation speed of 150 rpm under the condition that the oscillation time is 5 days, washing an oscillation product with deionized water for 3 times, and carrying out vacuum drying for 6h to obtain the fibrous MXene;
step 3, preparing NiCoS@MXene, firstly, mixing 0.032g of NiCo-MOFs, 0.008g of fibrous MXene and 0.32g of thioacetamide in an absolute ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of NiCo-MOFs obtained in step 1 to fibrous MXene and thioacetamide of 4:1:40, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to obtain a second hydrothermal reaction solution, then performing a second hydrothermal reaction on the second hydrothermal reaction solution under the condition that the reaction temperature is 140 ℃ and the reaction time is 6h, washing a second hydrothermal product by distilled water and absolute ethanol, and drying under the condition that the drying temperature is 60 ℃ and the time is 20h to obtain the fibrous MXe-loaded NiCoS composite material, which is called NiCoS@MXene for short.
To demonstrate the composition of the resulting NiCoS@MXene, XRD testing was performed on the NiCoS@MXene. As shown in FIG. 1, characteristic peaks of 16.2 °, 26.6 °, 31.3 °, 37.9 °, 50.1 ° and 54.8 ° correspond to Ni, respectively 3 S 4 And Co 3 S 4 (111), (220), (311), (400), (511) and (440). Among them, the NiCoS load was coated on the fibrous MXene, so that the fibrous MXene diffraction peak was not significantly exhibited. Test results show that the method of the invention successfully prepares NiCoS@MXene.
In order to demonstrate the effect of the microcosmic morphology of nicos@mxene according to the present invention, i.e. the oscillating treatment, on the microcosmic morphology of the material, TEM and SEM tests were performed on the less lamellar MXene obtained in step 2.1, the fibrous MXene obtained in step 2.2 and the nicos@mxene obtained in step 3, respectively, and the test results are shown in fig. 2, fig. 3 and fig. 4, respectively.
The TEM test result of the flaky MXene is shown in FIG. 2, and the appearance of the MXene which is not subjected to oscillation treatment is a micron-sized flaky;
the SEM test result of the fibrous MXene is shown in FIG. 3, and the appearance of the fibrous MXene is about 20nm after the oscillation treatment;
the results of SEM test of NiCoS@MXene are shown in FIG. 4, with fibrous MXene uniformly loaded with particulate NiCoS.
As can be seen by comparing fig. 2 and 3, the micron-sized sheet MXene is converted from a sheet-like structure to a fibrous structure through the oscillation treatment;
as is clear from a comparison of FIGS. 3 and 4, the fibrous MXene has a uniform loading of granular NiCoS on the surface, and the fibrous structure of NiCoS@MXene after loading is changed from 20nm before loading to about 50 nm.
The specific method for electrochemical test adopted by the invention comprises the following steps: the material to be tested is a working electrode, a mercury oxide electrode and a platinum electrode are respectively used as a reference electrode and an auxiliary electrode, and are immersed in a 6M KOH solution to be tested under a three-electrode system, and an asymmetric supercapacitor is assembled to be tested by taking NiCoS@MXene as a positive electrode, active carbon as a negative electrode and electrolyte as 6M KOH.
The electrochemical performance test results of NiCoS@MXene are as follows:
the results of the electrochemical performance test of NiCoS@MXene are shown in FIG. 5, and the NiCoS@MXene is charged and discharged in the range of 0-0.55V in a three-electrode system, and the discharge current density is 1 Ag -1 At the time of NiCoS@MXene, the specific capacitance was 1505 Fg -1 ；
The results of electrochemical performance test of the asymmetric device composed of NiCoS@MXene and activated carbon are shown in FIG. 6, and the charge and discharge are carried out within the range of 0-1.7V and 1A g -1 At the time of specific capacitance 157.8 Fg -1 Calculated, the power density is 850W kg -1 When the energy density is up to 63.3 Wh kg -1 ；
Cycling stability of asymmetric devices composed of NiCoS@MXene and activated carbonAs a result of the test, as shown in FIG. 7, the discharge current density was 5A g -1 In this case, the cycle stability after 10000 cycles of charge and discharge is maintained at 73% or more of the original cycle stability.
To demonstrate the effect of fibrosis on material properties, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are provided. Wherein, comparative example 1 is a NiCoS material, i.e., a NiCoS material prepared without adding fibrous MXene, as a base reference; comparative example 2 is a NiCoS@MXene based on a few-ply MXene, with the aim of making a comparison of fibrous MXene and few-ply MXene.
Comparative example 1
The procedure not specifically described for the preparation of the NiCoS material was the same as in example 1, except that: step 2 is not performed, and fibrous MXene is not added in step 3, so that a NiCoS material, abbreviated as NiCoS, can be obtained.
As shown in FIG. 8, the electrochemical performance test result of NiCoS shows that the charge and discharge are carried out in the range of 0-0.5V under the three-electrode system, and the discharge current density is 1 Ag -1 At the time of specific capacitance 1174 Fg -1 ；
The cycling stability of the asymmetric device composed of NiCoS and activated carbon is shown in FIG. 9, and the discharge current density is 5 Ag -1 When the method is used, the circulation stability after 3000 circles of circulation is only kept at 60% of the original circulation stability;
as is clear from comparison with example 1, the specific capacitance was increased by 28.2% and the cycle stability was also significantly improved by introducing a fibrous MXene matrix. Experimental results show that the fibrous MXene conductive substrate is beneficial to ultra-high-speed transportation of electrons, and the fibrous MXene improves the specific surface area, so that aggregation of NiCoS nano particles is avoided, and oxidation-reduction reaction of sulfide on the surface is facilitated.
Comparative example 2
A method for preparing a nicos@mxene material based on a few-layered MXene, the procedure not specifically described being the same as in example 1, except that: in the step 2, only the step 2.1 is performed, the step 2.2 is not performed, and in the step 3, a little lamellar MXene is added to replace the fibrous MXene, so that a NiCoS@MXene material, which is called NiCoS@MXene-1 for short, can be obtained.
The results of the electrochemical performance test of NiCoS@MXene-1 are shown in FIG. 10, and the charge and discharge are carried out in the range of 0-0.53V under a three-electrode system, and the discharge current density is 1A g -1 When the NiCoS is loaded on the sheet MXene, the specific capacitance of the NiCoS@MXene-1 is 1255 Fg -1 ；
As is clear from comparison with example 1, the same introduction of MXene as the matrix, and the oscillation-treated fibrous MXene improved the specific capacitance by 19.9% compared with the less-lamellar MXene. Experimental results show that fibrous MXene not only can keep the conductivity of flaky MXene, but also can increase the specific surface area of the fibrous MXene, and plays a role in controlling the overall morphology of the composite material, so that the accumulation of NiCoS nano particles is avoided, and the oxidation-reduction reaction of sulfide on the surface is facilitated.
The following conclusions can be drawn from the above comparative examples 1, 2 and examples:
1. when fibrous MXene is used as a carrier to load NiCoS, the electrochemical performance of the composite material is improved to a certain extent compared with that of single NiCoS, because fibrous MXene is used as a base material to play a decisive role in the overall morphology of the NiCoS@MXene material, and fibrous MXene is used as a conductive base to avoid aggregation of NiCoS nano particles, thereby being beneficial to ultrahigh-speed transportation of electrons, and enlarging the contact area between the NiCoS@MXene material and electrolyte so as to accelerate diffusion of ions;
2. the fibrous MXene not only can keep the conductivity of less lamellar MXene, but also can increase the specific surface area, and plays a role in controlling the overall morphology of the material, and compared with less lamellar MXene, the fibrous MXene can better avoid the accumulation of NiCoS nano particles and is beneficial to the oxidation-reduction reaction of sulfide on the surface.
Claims (10)
1. A fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite, characterized by: with nickel acetate tetrahydrate, cobalt acetate, trimesic acid, 1, 4-diazabicyclo [ 2.2.2]Octane and sodium dodecyl sulfate are used as raw materials, and NiCo-MOFs are prepared through hydrothermal reaction; at the same time with Ti 3 AlC 2 Lithium fluoride and concentrated hydrochloric acid are used as raw materials, and are subjected to etching treatment to obtain a few-layer lamellar MXene, and are further subjected toOscillating to obtain fibrous MXene; finally, taking NiCo-MOFs as a precursor, taking fibrous MXene as a matrix, adding thioacetamide, and carrying out a second hydrothermal reaction to uniformly load the granular NiCoS composite material on the surface of the fibrous MXene, thereby obtaining the fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material.
2. The fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite of claim 1, characterized in that: the few-layered sheet-like MXene has a micrometer-sized sheet-like structure; the fibrous MXene has a fibrous structure with a diameter of 10-40nm; the diameter of the granular NiCoS is 5-30nm.
3. The preparation method of the fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, preparing NiCo-MOFs, namely dissolving nickel acetate tetrahydrate and cobalt acetate tetrahydrate in water to prepare a solution A according to the quantity ratio of nickel acetate tetrahydrate, cobalt acetate tetrahydrate, trimesic acid, 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2, 2] octane and sodium dodecyl sulfate to a certain substance, dissolving trimesic acid and 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2, 2] octane in a mixed solvent of anhydrous ethanol and N, N-dimethylformamide to prepare a solution B, mixing the solution A and the solution B, adding sodium dodecyl sulfate to obtain a first hydrothermal reaction solution, carrying out a first hydrothermal reaction on the first hydrothermal reaction solution under a certain condition, washing and drying a first hydrothermal product by distilled water and anhydrous ethanol to obtain the NiCo-MOFs;
step 2, preparing fibrous MXene, namely preparing MAX into less-lamellar MXene through etching treatment, and preparing the less-lamellar MXene into fibrous MXene through vibration treatment;
and 3, preparing NiCoS@MXene, namely firstly mixing NiCo-MOFs, fibrous MXene and thioacetamide which are obtained in the step 1 and obtained in the step 2 in an absolute ethyl alcohol solution according to a certain mass ratio, performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a second hydrothermal reaction solution, performing a second hydrothermal reaction on the second hydrothermal reaction solution under a certain condition, washing a second hydrothermal product by distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, and drying to obtain the fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material, namely NiCoS@MXene for short.
4. A method of preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that: the ratio of the amounts of the substances of the nickel acetate tetrahydrate, the cobalt acetate tetrahydrate, the trimesic acid, the 1, 4-diazabicyclo [2, 2] octane and the sodium dodecyl sulfate in the step 1 is 4:2:3:6:6, preparing a base material;
the total concentration of metal ions of the solution A is 0.0088 g/mL, and the total concentration of metal ions of the solution B is 0.0036 g/mL;
the first hydrothermal reaction is carried out at a reaction temperature of 140-200 ℃ for 18-24 hours.
5. A method of preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that: the etching treatment in the step 2 is carried out by dissolving lithium fluoride into concentrated hydrochloric acid according to the mass ratio of lithium fluoride to concentrated hydrochloric acid, stirring under certain condition to obtain etching liquid, and then adding Ti 3 AlC 2 Placing the solution in etching solution, performing etching treatment under a certain condition, performing centrifugal washing on an etching product under a certain condition after the etching treatment is finished, performing ultrasonic dispersion until the pH value of supernatant is close to neutral to obtain dispersion liquid, and performing freeze drying treatment on the dispersion liquid to obtain a few-layer lamellar MXene;
the mass ratio of the lithium fluoride to the concentrated hydrochloric acid in the step 2 is 1 (5-10), the stirring condition of the etching solution is that the stirring speed is 400-600 rpm, and the stirring time is 3-10 min;
the etching treatment condition in the step 2 is that the etching temperature is 30-40 ℃ and the etching time is 20-36 h;
the centrifugation condition in the step 2 is that the centrifugation speed is 4000-6000rpm, and the centrifugation times are 10-20 times.
6. A method of preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that: the step 2 of oscillation treatment, namely the preparation method of the fibrous MXene from the less lamellar MXene, comprises the steps of carrying out ultrasonic dispersion on the less lamellar MXene, carrying out oscillation treatment under a certain condition, washing an oscillation product by deionized water, and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the fibrous MXene;
the ultrasonic dispersion condition in the step 2 is that the ultrasonic dispersion is carried out for 20-40min in 6mol/L potassium hydroxide solution;
the condition of the vibration treatment in the step 2 is that the vibration temperature is 20-30 ℃, the vibration rotating speed is 120-180 rpm, and the vibration time is 3-6 days.
7. A method of preparation according to claim 3, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the fibrous MXene, the NiCo-MOFs and the thioacetamide in the step 3 is 1: (3-5): (30-50);
the second hydrothermal reaction in the step 3 is carried out under the conditions that the reaction temperature is 100-160 ℃ and the reaction time is 4-8h;
the drying condition in the step 3 is that the drying temperature is 60-80 ℃ and the drying time is 20-24h.
8. The use of a fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material according to claim 1 as an electrode material for a supercapacitor, characterized in that: charging and discharging in the range of 0-0.55V, and discharging current density of 1A g -1 When the specific capacitance is 1300-1500 Fg -1 。
9. The use of a fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material according to claim 1 as an electrode material for a supercapacitor, characterized in that: an asymmetric super capacitor is formed by the active carbon, and is charged and discharged within the range of 0-1.7 and V, and the power density is 850W kg -1 When the energy density is up to 63.3 Wh kg -1 。
10. The use of a fibrous MXene-loaded NiCoS composite material according to claim 1 as an electrode material for a supercapacitor, characterized in that: an asymmetric super capacitor is formed by the active carbon and the active carbon, and the discharge current density is 5 Ag -1 When the cycle stability after 10000 cycles is maintained to be more than 73% of the original cycle stability。
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