CN114970040A - Bogie service vibration environment reproduction method - Google Patents
Bogie service vibration environment reproduction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114970040A CN114970040A CN202210667195.XA CN202210667195A CN114970040A CN 114970040 A CN114970040 A CN 114970040A CN 202210667195 A CN202210667195 A CN 202210667195A CN 114970040 A CN114970040 A CN 114970040A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for reproducing a service vibration environment of a bogie, which comprises the following steps: establishing a multi-rigid-body vehicle dynamics model based on the mass parameters, suspension parameters and positioning parameters of all parts of the vehicle, and connecting an axle box of the multi-rigid-body vehicle dynamics model with an excitation table to complete the construction of a rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamics model; inputting the actually measured axle box three-directional acceleration into a rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamic model, and driving the initial force related to the input acceleration of the vibration exciting table to obtain the acceleration of the vibration exciting table; adjusting the driving force of the exciting table by taking the difference value as negative feedback according to the difference value of the obtained acceleration of the exciting table and the actually measured acceleration of the axle box, obtaining a stress distribution cloud chart of the flexible body of the bogie along with the change of time by using a modal stress recovery method, and identifying the weak position of the structure through the stress distribution cloud chart and stress response; and carrying out fatigue life checking on the weak position of the structure, and carrying out structure optimization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of railway vehicles, in particular to a method for reproducing a service vibration environment of a bogie.
Background
The existing railway vehicle bogie structure design method is mainly used for checking the static strength and the fatigue strength of a structure according to the load specified in EN13749\ IEC61373 and other standards, so that the structure is optimally designed according to the strength calculation result. For example, a bogie frame generally adopts standards such as EN13749 and the like, loads at each interface of the frame are combined and loaded, and static strength and fatigue strength analysis is carried out; the bogie attachment structures, such as an antenna beam at the end of a frame and a sanding device on an axle box, are generally checked for random vibration fatigue strength by adopting a vibration load spectrum specified by IEC 61373.
However, the quasi-static fatigue strength load specified in EN13749 does not take the influence of the load frequency on the structure into consideration, and the difference between the vibration spectrum specified in IEC61373 and the vibration of the actual service environment of the bogie is large, so that the high-frequency vibration load cannot be accurately reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a method for reproducing a service vibration environment of a bogie, which comprises the following steps:
establishing a multi-rigid-body vehicle dynamics model based on mass parameters, suspension parameters and positioning parameters of each part of a vehicle, and establishing a deformable flexible body of a bogie part by using modal analysis and a substructure reduction method based on a finite element model; establishing an excitation platform, connecting an axle box of a multi-rigid-body vehicle dynamic model with the excitation platform, and completing the construction of a rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamic model;
inputting the actually measured axle box three-directional acceleration into a rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamic model, and driving the initial force related to the input acceleration of the vibration exciting table to obtain the acceleration of the vibration exciting table;
step three, adjusting the driving force of the vibration exciting table by taking the difference value as negative feedback according to the difference value of the obtained acceleration of the vibration exciting table and the actually measured acceleration of the axle box until the acceleration of the vibration exciting table is consistent with the actually measured acceleration of the axle box, and entering step four;
outputting the stress time history at any node on the flexible body by using a modal stress recovery method to obtain the stress response of the bogie structure, and obtaining a stress distribution cloud chart of the bogie flexible body along with the change of time, and identifying a position where the structural stress is greater than the yield strength of the material or the stress amplitude is greater than the fatigue limit of the material through the stress distribution cloud chart and the stress response, wherein the position is a structural weak position;
and fifthly, carrying out fatigue life check on the weak positions of the structure according to a time domain method or a frequency domain method of the structural fatigue, and carrying out structural optimization on the positions which do not meet the fatigue life.
Further, the establishing of the multi-rigid-body vehicle dynamics model based on the mass parameters, suspension parameters and positioning parameters of each component of the vehicle comprises:
the mass parameters are the mass, the mass center position and the rotational inertia of each component of the vehicle structure; the suspension parameters are the rigidity and the damping of a steel spring and a shock absorber in a vehicle suspension system; the positioning parameters are the mutual position relations of all components in the vehicle system, and the bodies of all the components of the vehicle are established and given corresponding parameters according to the quality parameters, the suspension parameters and the positioning parameters; establishing a hinge relation representing relative freedom degrees among all the components according to the connection relation of all the components; and establishing the rigidity and damping of the force element simulation suspension element according to the parameters of the suspension element to complete the establishment of the vehicle system model.
Further, the method comprises the steps of establishing a finite element model based on the bogie structure, establishing the deformable flexible body of the bogie component by using a modal analysis and substructure reduction method, obtaining modal frequency and modal vibration mode of the bogie component by using the modal analysis, obtaining a substructure file after the degree of freedom of the model is reduced according to the substructure reduction method, and establishing the deformable flexible body of the bogie component by using the substructure file.
Further, the method includes the following steps that actually measured axle box three-direction acceleration is input into a rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamic model, initial force related to input and output acceleration of the vibration exciting table is driven, and acceleration of the vibration exciting table is obtained: inputting the actually measured acceleration a, picking and placing the large coefficient m to obtain an initial driving force F ═ ma, and applying the force F to the excitation table to obtain the acceleration of the excitation table.
Furthermore, the fatigue life checking of the weak position of the structure is carried out according to a time domain method or a frequency domain method of the structure fatigue, and the structure quality of the position which does not meet the fatigue life is carried out.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the line excitation to be served by the railway vehicle is taken as input in the design stage, and the strength of the bogie structure is checked, so that the weak point of the structure is found in the design stage, the structure is optimized, the fatigue failure of the bogie in the actual service environment is reduced, the structural strength experiment times are reduced, and the design cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for reproducing a truck service vibration environment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a principle of a method for reproducing a truck service vibration environment.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following.
For the purpose of making the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. It is noted that relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions.
Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element identified by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The features and properties of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to examples.
As shown in FIG. 1, a method for reproducing a truck service vibration environment comprises the following steps:
establishing a multi-rigid-body vehicle dynamics model based on mass parameters, suspension parameters and positioning parameters of each part of a vehicle, and establishing a deformable flexible body of a bogie part by using modal analysis and a substructure reduction method based on a finite element model; establishing an excitation platform, connecting an axle box of a multi-rigid-body vehicle dynamic model with the excitation platform, and completing the construction of a rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamic model;
inputting the actually measured axle box three-directional acceleration into a rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamic model, and driving the initial force related to the input acceleration of the vibration exciting table to obtain the acceleration of the vibration exciting table;
step three, adjusting the driving force of the vibration exciting table by taking the difference value as negative feedback according to the difference value of the obtained acceleration of the vibration exciting table and the actually measured acceleration of the axle box until the acceleration of the vibration exciting table is consistent with the actually measured acceleration of the axle box, and entering step four;
outputting the stress time history at any node on the flexible body by using a modal stress recovery method to obtain the stress response of the bogie structure, and obtaining a stress distribution cloud chart of the bogie flexible body along with the change of time, and identifying a position where the structural stress is greater than the yield strength of the material or the stress amplitude is greater than the fatigue limit of the material through the stress distribution cloud chart and the stress response, wherein the position is a structural weak position;
and fifthly, carrying out fatigue life check on the weak positions of the structure according to a time domain method or a frequency domain method of the structural fatigue, and carrying out structural optimization on the positions which do not meet the fatigue life.
The method is characterized in that a multi-rigid-body vehicle dynamic model is established based on the mass parameters, suspension parameters and positioning parameters of all parts of the vehicle, and comprises the following steps:
the mass parameters are the mass, the mass center position and the rotational inertia of each component of the vehicle structure; the suspension parameters are the rigidity and the damping of a steel spring and a shock absorber in a vehicle suspension system; the positioning parameters are the mutual position relations of all components in the vehicle system, and the bodies of all the components of the vehicle are established and given corresponding parameters according to the quality parameters, the suspension parameters and the positioning parameters; establishing a hinge relation representing relative freedom degrees among all the components according to the connection relation of all the components; and establishing the rigidity and damping of the force element simulation suspension element according to the parameters of the suspension element to complete the establishment of the vehicle system model.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining modal frequency and modal vibration mode of the bogie component by using modal analysis, obtaining a substructure file after the degree of freedom of the model is reduced according to a substructure reduction method, and establishing the deformable flexible body of the bogie component by using the substructure file.
The method is characterized in that the actually measured axle box three-direction acceleration is input into a rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamic model, initial force related to the input and input acceleration of an excitation platform is driven, and the acceleration of the excitation platform is obtained, and the method comprises the following processes: inputting the actually measured acceleration a, picking and placing the large coefficient m to obtain an initial driving force F ═ ma, and applying the force F to the excitation table to obtain the acceleration of the excitation table.
The method comprises the steps of calculating the power spectrum density of a stress response signal by using a Welch method according to the stress response of a weak position of the structure, calculating the spectrum moment of the weak position of the structure according to the power spectrum density, calculating a bandwidth factor according to a dirik method in combination with the spectrum moment, calculating the damage of the weak position in combination with an SN curve of the weak position of the structure, judging whether the service life of the structure meets the requirement according to the damage value, and realizing the fatigue life check of the weak position of the structure.
Specifically, a vehicle system dynamics model except for a wheel-rail relation is established based on a Simpack software platform.
In the modeling process, firstly, a multi-rigid-body vehicle dynamic model is established by considering the nonlinear characteristic of the dynamic parameter of the suspension element based on the mass, the moment of inertia and the structural parameter of each key part of the vehicle. On the basis, a finite element model of the bogie structure is established, and by utilizing modal analysis and substructure reduction technology, simpack software is introduced to establish a deformable flexible body of the bogie component. And meanwhile, a large-mass platform is established at the bottom of the vehicle and used as an excitation platform, and an axle box of a dynamic model of the vehicle system is connected with the large-mass platform to complete the establishment of the dynamic model and prepare for input excitation.
Inputting the measured axle box acceleration into the rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamic model, and inputting an initial force related to the input acceleration into the vibration exciting table to drive, wherein the initial force is as follows: and (3) if the input acceleration is a, taking an amplification coefficient m to obtain an initial driving force F ═ ma, applying the force F on the excitation table to obtain the acceleration of the excitation table as feedback, comparing the acceleration with the input acceleration, and adjusting the driving force of the excitation table by taking the difference as negative feedback, thereby realizing the vibration control of the excitation table, wherein the process is carried out by adopting classical PID control.
After the vibration table reproduces the input acceleration, the stress time history at any node on the flexible body can be output by using a modal stress recovery method so as to obtain the stress response of the bogie structure, and the change of the stress distribution cloud chart of the bogie flexible body along with time can be obtained. Through the stress cloud picture and the stress response, the position with larger structural stress, namely the weak position of the structure, can be identified; and then according to a time domain method or a frequency domain method of the structural fatigue, carrying out fatigue life check on the weak position of the structure, and carrying out structural optimization on the position which does not meet the fatigue life.
The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of this invention, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise form disclosed herein and that various other combinations, modifications, and environments may be resorted to, falling within the scope of the concept as disclosed herein, either as described above or as apparent to those skilled in the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for reproducing a service vibration environment of a bogie is characterized by comprising the following steps:
establishing a multi-rigid-body vehicle dynamics model based on mass parameters, suspension parameters and positioning parameters of each part of a vehicle, and establishing a deformable flexible body of a bogie part by using modal analysis and a substructure reduction method based on a finite element model; establishing an excitation platform, connecting an axle box of a multi-rigid-body vehicle dynamic model with the excitation platform, and completing the construction of a rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamic model;
inputting the actually measured axle box three-directional acceleration into a rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamic model, and driving the initial force related to the input acceleration of the vibration exciting table to obtain the acceleration of the vibration exciting table;
step three, adjusting the driving force of the vibration exciting table by taking the difference value as negative feedback according to the difference value of the obtained acceleration of the vibration exciting table and the actually measured acceleration of the axle box until the acceleration of the vibration exciting table is consistent with the actually measured acceleration of the axle box, and entering step four;
outputting the stress time history at any node on the flexible body by using a modal stress recovery method to obtain the stress response of the bogie structure, and obtaining a stress distribution cloud chart of the bogie flexible body along with the change of time, and identifying the position where the structural stress is greater than the yield strength of the material or the stress amplitude is greater than the fatigue limit of the material through the stress distribution cloud chart and the stress response, wherein the position is a structural weak position;
and fifthly, carrying out fatigue life check on the weak positions of the structure according to a time domain method or a frequency domain method of the structural fatigue, and carrying out structural optimization on the positions which do not meet the fatigue life.
2. The method for reproducing the vibration environment in service of the bogie according to claim 1, wherein the establishing of the multi-rigid-body vehicle dynamic model based on the quality parameters, suspension parameters and positioning parameters of each component of the vehicle comprises:
the mass parameters are the mass, the mass center position and the rotational inertia of each component of the vehicle structure; the suspension parameters are the rigidity and the damping of a steel spring and a shock absorber in a vehicle suspension system; the positioning parameters are the mutual position relations of all components in the vehicle system, and the bodies of all the components of the vehicle are established and given corresponding parameters according to the quality parameters, the suspension parameters and the positioning parameters; establishing a hinge relation representing relative freedom degrees among all the components according to the connection relation of all the components; and establishing the rigidity and damping of the force element simulation suspension element according to the parameters of the suspension element to complete the establishment of the vehicle system model.
3. The method for reproducing the vibration environment in service of the bogie as claimed in claim 2, wherein the step of establishing the finite element model based on the bogie structure and establishing the deformable flexible body of the bogie component by using the modal analysis and the substructure reduction method comprises the steps of obtaining the modal frequency and the modal shape of the bogie component by using the modal analysis, obtaining the substructure file after the degree of freedom of the model is reduced by using the substructure reduction method, and establishing the deformable flexible body of the bogie component by using the substructure file.
4. The method for reproducing the service vibration environment of the bogie according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of inputting measured axle box three-directional acceleration into a rigid-flexible coupling vehicle system dynamic model, and driving an initial force related to an input of an excitation table and the input acceleration to obtain the acceleration of the excitation table: inputting the actually measured acceleration a, picking and placing the large coefficient m to obtain an initial driving force F ═ ma, and applying the force F to the excitation table to obtain the acceleration of the excitation table.
5. The bogie vibration environment in service reappearing method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fatigue life of the weak positions of the structure is checked according to a time domain method or a frequency domain method of the structural fatigue, and the positions which do not meet the fatigue life are subjected to structural optimization.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116822157A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-09-29 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Resonance suppression method for flexible foundation excitation table |
| CN116882077A (en) * | 2023-06-13 | 2023-10-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for generating vibration signal of excitation table |
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2022
- 2022-06-13 CN CN202210667195.XA patent/CN114970040A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116822157A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-09-29 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Resonance suppression method for flexible foundation excitation table |
| CN116822157B (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2024-05-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Resonance suppression method for flexible foundation excitation table |
| CN116882077A (en) * | 2023-06-13 | 2023-10-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for generating vibration signal of excitation table |
| CN116882077B (en) * | 2023-06-13 | 2024-05-10 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Method for generating vibration signal of excitation table |
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