CN114970011A - A kind of rigid bridge leaf spring suspension DMU fabrication and tire envelope generation method - Google Patents
A kind of rigid bridge leaf spring suspension DMU fabrication and tire envelope generation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种刚性桥板簧悬挂DMU制作及轮胎包络生成方法，包括对刚性桥板簧结构进行简化后导入CATIA软件中得到板簧等效模型，然后进一步分析得到板簧上后桥安装点的运动轨迹线，再根据获取的后桥、减震器及车架与刚性桥板簧间的运动约束关系，得到整个后悬挂的DMU运动模型，据此在CATIA软件中生成后轮轮胎包络或对后悬挂的相关零件进行动态间隙校核。本发明方法利用简化后所得刚性桥板簧等效模型，得出板簧在不同工况下的运动轨迹线及后悬挂的DMU运动模型，进而生成后轮轮胎包络面，相较传统对不同载荷板簧状态进行多次校核的方法而言工作量更小，效率更高。
The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a rigid bridge leaf spring suspension DMU and generating a tire envelope, which includes simplifying the rigid bridge leaf spring structure and importing it into CATIA software to obtain an equivalent model of the leaf spring, and then further analyzing to obtain the installation of the rear axle on the leaf spring. Then, according to the obtained motion constraint relationship between the rear axle, shock absorber, frame and rigid bridge leaf spring, the DMU motion model of the entire rear suspension is obtained, and the rear tire package is generated in CATIA software accordingly. network or perform dynamic clearance check on the relevant parts of the rear suspension. The method of the invention uses the simplified equivalent model of the rigid bridge leaf spring to obtain the movement trajectory of the leaf spring under different working conditions and the DMU movement model of the rear suspension, and then generates the envelope surface of the rear wheel tire. The method of checking the state of the loaded leaf spring for multiple times has less workload and higher efficiency.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及汽车板簧悬挂DMU及轮胎包络面生成技术领域，具体的说，是一种刚性桥板簧悬挂DMU制作及轮胎包络生成方法。The invention relates to the technical field of vehicle leaf spring suspension DMU and tire envelope generation, in particular to a method for manufacturing a rigid bridge leaf spring suspension DMU and generating a tire envelope.
背景技术Background technique
独立悬挂可以通过CATIA软件模拟连杆运动原理，通过约束杆系间的运动关系，仿真出悬挂的运动DMU，可以很方便的进行间隙校核及轮胎包络生成。然而刚性桥后悬挂在运动过程中，板簧会发生形变，无法在ADAMS或者CATIA中模拟运动过程变形状态，只能根据不同载荷板簧状态进行一系列的校核工作，工作非常繁琐、低效。The independent suspension can simulate the motion principle of the connecting rod through the CATIA software, and simulate the motion DMU of the suspension by constraining the motion relationship between the rods, which can easily perform clearance checking and tire envelope generation. However, during the movement of the rear suspension of the rigid bridge, the leaf spring will deform, and the deformation state of the movement process cannot be simulated in ADAMS or CATIA. Only a series of check work can be performed according to the state of the leaf spring with different loads, which is very cumbersome and inefficient. .
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术中的不足，提供一种刚性桥板簧悬挂DMU制作及轮胎包络生成方法，通过对刚性桥板簧悬挂结构进行简化，进而得到刚性桥板簧上后桥安装点的运动轨迹线，并结合后桥、减震器及车架与刚性桥板簧间的运动约束关系，得到整个后悬挂的DMU运动模型，从而快速、准确的生成后轮轮胎包络面并对后悬挂相关零件进行动态间隙校核。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and to provide a method for manufacturing a rigid bridge leaf spring suspension DMU and a tire envelope generation method. By simplifying the rigid bridge leaf spring suspension structure, the rigid bridge leaf spring upper rear axle is obtained. The motion trajectory line of the installation point, combined with the motion constraint relationship between the rear axle, shock absorber, frame and rigid bridge leaf spring, can obtain the DMU motion model of the entire rear suspension, so as to quickly and accurately generate the rear tire envelope surface And check the dynamic clearance of the relevant parts of the rear suspension.
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种刚性桥板簧悬挂DMU制作及轮胎包络生成方法，包括以下步骤：A method for manufacturing a rigid bridge leaf spring suspension DMU and generating a tire envelope, comprising the following steps:
步骤S1.对刚性桥板簧结构进行简化，并将简化后的板簧结构数据导入CATIA软件中绘制得到刚性桥板簧等效模型；Step S1. Simplify the rigid bridge leaf spring structure, and import the simplified leaf spring structure data into CATIA software to draw an equivalent model of the rigid bridge leaf spring;
步骤S2.根据步骤S1中所得刚性桥板簧等效模型，在CATIA软件中进一步分析得到刚性桥板簧上后桥安装点的运动轨迹线；Step S2. According to the equivalent model of the rigid bridge leaf spring obtained in step S1, the motion trajectory of the rear axle installation point on the rigid bridge leaf spring is obtained by further analysis in CATIA software;
步骤S3.根据步骤S2中所得刚性桥板簧上后桥安装点的运动轨迹线，获取后桥、减震器及车架与刚性桥板簧间的运动约束关系，得到整个后悬挂的DMU运动模型；Step S3. According to the motion trajectory of the rear axle installation point on the rigid bridge leaf spring obtained in step S2, obtain the motion constraint relationship between the rear axle, the shock absorber, the frame and the rigid bridge leaf spring, and obtain the DMU motion of the entire rear suspension Model;
步骤S4.利用步骤S3中所得后悬挂DMU运动模型生成后轮轮胎包络并对后悬挂相关零件进行动态间隙校核。Step S4. Use the rear suspension DMU motion model obtained in step S3 to generate the rear tire envelope and perform dynamic clearance check on the relevant parts of the rear suspension.
具体的，步骤S1中对刚性桥板簧结构的简化过程如下：Specifically, the simplified process of the rigid bridge leaf spring structure in step S1 is as follows:
步骤S11.将板簧与车架的连接点设为A点，板簧与后桥安装面的左右两侧边简化为B点和C点，板簧与板簧吊耳的连接点设为D点，板簧吊耳与车架的连接点设为E点；Step S11. Set the connection point between the leaf spring and the frame as point A, simplify the left and right sides of the leaf spring and the rear axle mounting surface to point B and point C, and set the connection point between the leaf spring and the leaf spring lifting lug as D point, the connection point between the leaf spring lifting lug and the frame is set as point E;
步骤S12.根据步骤S11中设定的各个点位，将板簧结构简化为板簧主体一AB段、后桥安装BC段、板簧主体二CD段和板簧吊耳DE段；其中，AB段和CD段为圆弧段，BC段为直线段；Step S12. According to each point set in step S11, the leaf spring structure is simplified into the first AB section of the leaf spring body, the BC section of the rear axle installation, the second CD section of the leaf spring body and the DE section of the leaf spring lifting lug; among them, AB The segment and CD segment are arc segments, and the BC segment is a straight line segment;
步骤S13.根据步骤S11和步骤S12中对板簧位置点和结构的划分，在CATIA软件中绘制出板簧等效模型。Step S13. Draw an equivalent model of the leaf spring in CATIA software according to the division of the position points and structures of the leaf spring in steps S11 and S12.
具体的，步骤S2中所述在CATIA软件中进一步分析得到刚性桥板簧上后桥安装点的运动轨迹线，具体分析过程如下：Specifically, as described in step S2, the motion trajectory of the rear axle installation point on the rigid bridge leaf spring is obtained by further analysis in the CATIA software, and the specific analysis process is as follows:
根据CATIA软件中绘制的板簧等效模型，约束直线段BC与圆弧段AB、CD相切，当板簧弧高h为某一定值时，通过板簧等效模型各段间的约束关系，可以得出AB段、CD段圆弧对应的半径R1、R2及圆心角O1、O2，进而得到板簧在后桥的安装点位置，通过调节不同的板簧弧高h值，可以得到所有工况下板簧的等效状态和板簧在后桥上的安装点，整理后得到板簧在后桥上安装点的运动轨迹；由于后轮轮心与后桥位置相对固定，因此板簧在后桥上安装点的运动轨迹线等效于后轮轮心的运动轨迹线。According to the leaf spring equivalent model drawn in the CATIA software, the constraint straight line segment BC is tangent to the circular arc segments AB and CD. When the leaf spring arc height h is a certain value, the constraint relationship between the segments of the leaf spring equivalent model is obtained. , the radii R 1 , R 2 and the central angles O 1 , O 2 corresponding to the arcs of the AB and CD segments can be obtained, and then the installation point position of the leaf spring on the rear axle can be obtained. By adjusting different leaf spring arc height h values , the equivalent state of the leaf spring and the installation point of the leaf spring on the rear axle can be obtained under all working conditions, and the movement trajectory of the installation point of the leaf spring on the rear axle can be obtained after sorting; since the position of the rear wheel center and the rear axle is relatively fixed , so the movement trajectory of the installation point of the leaf spring on the rear axle is equivalent to the movement trajectory of the rear wheel center.
具体的，步骤S3中所述获取后桥、减震器及车架与刚性桥板簧间的运动约束关系，包括：后桥与安装点运动轨迹线间的运动约束关系、减震器与后桥及车架间的运动约束关系。Specifically, the motion constraint relationship between the rear axle, the shock absorber, the frame and the rigid bridge leaf spring is obtained as described in step S3, including: the motion constraint relationship between the rear axle and the motion trajectory of the installation point, the shock absorber and the rear The motion constraint relationship between the bridge and the frame.
具体的，步骤S4中所述生成后轮轮胎包络并对后悬挂相关零件进行动态间隙校核的过程在CATIA软件中完成。Specifically, the process of generating the tire envelope of the rear wheel and checking the dynamic clearance of the relevant parts of the rear suspension described in step S4 is completed in the CATIA software.
本发明相对现有技术的有益效果：The beneficial effects of the present invention relative to the prior art:
本发明提供了一种刚性桥板簧悬挂DMU制作及轮胎包络生成方法，通过对刚性桥板簧悬挂结构进行简化，然后将简化后的板簧悬挂结构数据导入到CATIA软件中得到刚性桥板簧上后桥安装点的运动轨迹线，再结合后桥、减震器及车架与刚性桥板簧间的运动约束关系，得到整个后悬挂的DMU运动模型，最后在CATIA软件中进一步生成后轮轮胎包络面，并实现对后悬挂相关零件进行动态间隙校核，本发明方法简单高效，利用简化后所得刚性桥板簧等效模型，得出板簧在不同工况下的运动轨迹线及后悬挂的DMU运动模型，进而生成后轮轮胎包络面，相较传统方法而言工作量更小，效率更高。The invention provides a method for manufacturing a rigid bridge leaf spring suspension DMU and generating a tire envelope. The rigid bridge plate is obtained by simplifying the rigid bridge leaf spring suspension structure, and then importing the simplified leaf spring suspension structure data into CATIA software to obtain a rigid bridge plate. The motion trajectory line of the installation point of the rear axle on the sprung, combined with the motion constraint relationship between the rear axle, shock absorber and frame and the rigid bridge leaf spring, the DMU motion model of the entire rear suspension is obtained, and finally it is further generated in the CATIA software. The wheel and tire envelope surface is obtained, and the dynamic clearance check of the relevant parts of the rear suspension is realized. The method of the invention is simple and efficient, and the motion trajectory line of the leaf spring under different working conditions is obtained by using the equivalent model of the rigid bridge leaf spring obtained after the simplification. And the DMU motion model of the rear suspension, and then generate the envelope surface of the rear tire, which has less workload and higher efficiency than the traditional method.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are For some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
图1是本发明一种刚性桥板簧悬挂DMU制作及轮胎包络生成方法的流程图；Fig. 1 is the flow chart of a kind of rigid bridge leaf spring suspension DMU manufacture and tire envelope generation method of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例中板簧结构简化过程的示意图之一；Fig. 2 is one of the schematic diagrams of the simplified process of the leaf spring structure in the embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例中板簧结构简化过程的示意图之二；3 is the second schematic diagram of the simplified process of the leaf spring structure in the embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例中板簧结构简化过程的示意图之三；FIG. 4 is the third schematic diagram of the simplified process of the leaf spring structure in the embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例中所得后桥安装点的运动轨迹线示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of the movement trajectory of the rear axle installation point obtained in the embodiment of the present invention;
图中：1、减震器；2、后桥安装点运动轨迹线。In the picture: 1. The shock absorber; 2. The movement trajectory of the rear axle installation point.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例：参见图1-5。Example: See Figures 1-5.
本发明提供了一种刚性桥板簧悬挂DMU制作及轮胎包络生成方法，包括以下步骤：The invention provides a method for manufacturing a rigid bridge leaf spring suspension DMU and generating a tire envelope, comprising the following steps:
步骤S1.对刚性桥板簧结构进行简化，并将简化后的板簧结构数据导入CATIA软件中绘制得到刚性桥板簧等效模型；Step S1. Simplify the rigid bridge leaf spring structure, and import the simplified leaf spring structure data into CATIA software to draw an equivalent model of the rigid bridge leaf spring;
步骤S2.根据步骤S1中所得刚性桥板簧等效模型，在CATIA软件中进一步分析得到刚性桥板簧上后桥安装点运动轨迹线2；Step S2. According to the equivalent model of the rigid bridge leaf spring obtained in step S1, further analysis is performed in the CATIA software to obtain the
步骤S3.根据步骤S2中所得刚性桥板簧上后桥安装点的运动轨迹线，获取后桥、减震器及车架与刚性桥板簧间的运动约束关系，得到整个后悬挂的DMU运动模型；Step S3. According to the motion trajectory of the rear axle installation point on the rigid bridge leaf spring obtained in step S2, obtain the motion constraint relationship between the rear axle, the shock absorber, the frame and the rigid bridge leaf spring, and obtain the DMU motion of the entire rear suspension Model;
步骤S4.利用步骤S3中所得后悬挂DMU运动模型生成后轮轮胎包络并对后悬挂相关零件进行动态间隙校核。Step S4. Use the rear suspension DMU motion model obtained in step S3 to generate the rear tire envelope and perform dynamic clearance check on the relevant parts of the rear suspension.
具体的，步骤S1中对刚性桥板簧结构的简化过程如下：Specifically, the simplified process of the rigid bridge leaf spring structure in step S1 is as follows:
步骤S11.将板簧与车架的连接点设为A点，板簧与后桥安装面的左右两侧边简化为B点和C点，板簧与板簧吊耳的连接点设为D点，板簧吊耳与车架的连接点设为E点；Step S11. Set the connection point between the leaf spring and the frame as point A, simplify the left and right sides of the leaf spring and the rear axle mounting surface to point B and point C, and set the connection point between the leaf spring and the leaf spring lifting lug as D point, the connection point between the leaf spring lifting lug and the frame is set as point E;
步骤S12.根据步骤S11中设定的各个点位，将板簧结构简化为板簧主体一AB段、后桥安装BC段、板簧主体二CD段和板簧吊耳DE段；其中，AB段和CD段为圆弧段，BC段为直线段；Step S12. According to each point set in step S11, the leaf spring structure is simplified into the first AB section of the leaf spring body, the BC section of the rear axle installation, the second CD section of the leaf spring body and the DE section of the leaf spring lifting lug; among them, AB The segment and CD segment are arc segments, and the BC segment is a straight line segment;
步骤S13.根据步骤S11和步骤S12中对板簧位置点和结构的划分，在CATIA软件中绘制出板簧等效模型。Step S13. Draw an equivalent model of the leaf spring in CATIA software according to the division of the position points and structures of the leaf spring in steps S11 and S12.
进一步地，根据CATIA软件中绘制的板簧等效模型，约束直线段BC与圆弧段AB、CD相切，当板簧弧高h为某一定值时，通过板簧等效模型各段间的约束关系，可以得出AB段、CD段圆弧对应的半径R1、R2及圆心角O1、O2，进而得到板簧在后桥的安装点位置，通过调节不同的板簧弧高h值，可以得到所有工况下板簧的等效状态和板簧在后桥上的安装点，整理后得到板簧在后桥上安装点运动轨迹2；由于后轮轮心与后桥位置相对固定，因此板簧在后桥上安装点的运动轨迹线等效于后轮轮心的运动轨迹线。Further, according to the leaf spring equivalent model drawn in the CATIA software, the straight line segment BC is tangent to the arc segments AB and CD. When the leaf spring arc height h is a certain value, through the leaf spring equivalent model The constraint relationship of the AB segment and the CD segment arc corresponding to the radii R 1 , R 2 and the central angles O 1 , O 2 can be obtained, and then the installation point position of the leaf spring on the rear axle can be obtained. By adjusting different leaf spring arcs With a high h value, the equivalent state of the leaf spring and the installation point of the leaf spring on the rear axle can be obtained under all working conditions. After finishing, the
下面通过一个实例对上述板簧结构简化与得出后轮轮心运动轨迹线的过程作进一步说明。The process of simplifying the above-mentioned leaf spring structure and deriving the movement trajectory line of the rear wheel center will be further described below through an example.
如图2-4所示，首先，将板簧结构进行简化得到板簧等效模型如图3所示分成L1、L2、L3三段，其中L1、L3为两段圆弧，L2为直线段，所得到的板簧等效模型具体介绍如下：As shown in Figure 2-4, first, the leaf spring structure is simplified to obtain the equivalent model of the leaf spring, which is divided into three sections L 1 , L 2 and L 3 as shown in Figure 3, where L 1 and L 3 are two arcs , L 2 is a straight line segment, and the obtained equivalent model of the leaf spring is described as follows:
1）点A是板簧与车架连接点，相对位置固定，AB段为圆弧，弧长I1是个定值，半径R1及所对应的圆心角∠O1随板簧所受的载荷变化而变化；1) Point A is the connection point between the leaf spring and the frame, the relative position is fixed, the AB segment is a circular arc, the arc length I 1 is a fixed value, the radius R 1 and the corresponding central angle ∠O 1 follow the load on the leaf spring change to change;
2）BC段是板簧上后桥的安装面，是个长度固定的直线段；2) The BC section is the installation surface of the rear axle on the leaf spring, and it is a straight section with a fixed length;
3）CD段为圆弧，弧长I2是个定值，半径R2及所对应的圆心角∠O2随板簧所受的载荷变化而变化；3) The CD segment is an arc, the arc length I 2 is a fixed value, the radius R 2 and the corresponding central angle ∠O 2 change with the load on the leaf spring;
4）DE段是板簧吊耳，长度是个定值，点E是吊耳与车架的连接点，DE段可以绕E点旋转。4) The DE section is the leaf spring lifting lug, the length is a fixed value, the point E is the connection point between the lifting lug and the frame, and the DE section can rotate around the E point.
接着运用得到的板簧等效模型，得到板簧上后桥安装点的运动轨迹线，具体过程如下：Then, using the obtained equivalent model of the leaf spring, the motion trajectory of the installation point of the rear axle on the leaf spring is obtained. The specific process is as follows:
a.在CATIA软件中绘制板簧等效模型；a. Draw the equivalent model of the leaf spring in CATIA software;
b.约束直线段BC与圆弧AB、CD相切；b. Constraining the straight line segment BC to be tangent to the arcs AB and CD;
c.如图4所示，当板簧弧高h值为某一定值时，通过板簧等效模型间的相互约束关系，将AB段、CD段圆弧对应的半径R1、R2及圆心角O1、O2都能确定下来，进而得到在该状态下，板簧上后桥的安装点位置O；c. As shown in Figure 4, when the arc height h of the leaf spring is a certain value, through the mutual constraint relationship between the equivalent models of the leaf spring, the radii R 1 , R 2 and The central angles O 1 and O 2 can be determined, and then the installation point position O of the rear axle on the leaf spring in this state is obtained;
d.通过调整不同的板簧弧高h值，可以得到所有工况下板簧的等效状态，从而得到所有工况下，板簧上后桥的安装点，也就是板簧上后桥安装点运动轨迹2；d. By adjusting the h value of different leaf spring arc heights, the equivalent state of the leaf spring under all working conditions can be obtained, so as to obtain the installation point of the rear axle on the leaf spring under all working conditions, that is, the installation of the rear axle on the leaf spring.
e.由于后轮轮心与后桥相对固定，板簧上后桥安装点的运动轨迹可以视为等效于后轮轮心的运动轨迹线。e. Since the rear wheel center and the rear axle are relatively fixed, the movement trajectory of the rear axle installation point on the leaf spring can be regarded as equivalent to the movement trajectory line of the rear wheel center.
如图5所示，最后根据板簧上后桥安装点的轨迹线，进一步约束后桥与轨迹线运动关系，和减震器1与后桥及车架运动关系，得到整个后悬挂的DMU运动模型，之后可根据需求针对后悬挂相关零件进行动态间隙校核，或者生成后轮的轮胎包络。As shown in Figure 5, finally, according to the trajectory line of the installation point of the rear axle on the leaf spring, the motion relationship between the rear axle and the trajectory line, and the motion relationship between the
综上所述，本发明方法通过对刚性桥板簧悬挂结构进行简化，然后将简化后的板簧悬挂结构数据导入到CATIA软件中得到刚性桥板簧上后桥安装点的运动轨迹线，再结合后桥、减震器及车架与刚性桥板簧间的运动约束关系，得到整个后悬挂的DMU运动模型，最后在CATIA软件中进一步生成后轮轮胎包络面，并实现对后悬挂相关零件进行动态间隙校核，相较传统根据不同载荷板簧状态进行多次校核的方法而言工作量更小，效率更高。To sum up, the method of the present invention simplifies the suspension structure of the rigid bridge leaf spring, and then imports the simplified leaf spring suspension structure data into the CATIA software to obtain the motion trajectory line of the rear axle installation point on the rigid bridge leaf spring, and then Combined with the motion constraint relationship between the rear axle, shock absorber, frame and rigid bridge leaf spring, the DMU motion model of the entire rear suspension is obtained. Finally, the envelope surface of the rear tire is further generated in the CATIA software, and the correlation of the rear suspension is realized. Compared with the traditional method of performing multiple checks according to the state of different load leaf springs, the workload is smaller and the efficiency is higher.
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非对本发明的结构作任何形式上的限制。凡是依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、等同变化与修饰，均属于本发明的技术方案范围内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the structure of the present invention in any form. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention fall within the scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
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