CN114969942A - Parametric modeling method for string three-dimensional arch center - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a parametric modeling method of a string three-dimensional arch center, which comprises the following steps: 1) acquiring an arched curved surface of a model to be built and an inclination angle thereof, and adjusting the direction angle of the curved surface so as to be beneficial to parametric description of the rod piece direction; 2) generating three chords, an expansion cable and a stay bar of the arch according to the input arched curved surface, the direction of the three-dimensional arch, the interval of the three-dimensional arch, the distance between the stay bars and the vertical span ratio; 3) generating a truss chord arch model of each truss; 4) outputting the trusses in the step 3), analyzing and selecting the most reasonable vertical span ratio gradient value, and substituting the most reasonable vertical span ratio gradient value into the step 2); 5) generating a supporting truss outside the arch center surface, and enabling the generated supporting truss outside the arch center surface to be superposed with the lap joint of the arch center; 6) and generating a final spandrel arch frame parameterized model according to the original curved surface and the adjustment angle combined model. The method greatly improves the modeling speed and the model rationality while ensuring good adaptability of the arched curved surface, and further improves the structural analysis work efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an auxiliary design technology of a building structure, in particular to a parameterized modeling method of a string three-dimensional arch center.
Background
Grasshopper is a three-dimensional modeling software based on a visualized programming language of Rhino, and has the biggest characteristic that a computer can automatically generate a result according to a formulated algorithm through inputting an instruction, the algorithm result is not limited to a model, and mechanical repeated operation and a large number of logical evolution processes can be replaced by cyclic operation of the computer through writing an algorithm program, so that the Grasshopper is widely applied to a modeling stage of structural design analysis.
With the rapid development of economy and the continuous progress of the construction industry in China, the large-span structure has more and more extensive development prospect in China. The stress of each component in the tension chord three-dimensional arch truss system is clear, the three-dimensional truss and the cable have the advantages of making up for the shortages and being rigid and flexible, and the tension chord three-dimensional arch truss system has better applicability compared with the conventional net rack and truss system for the ultra-large span structure with the span of over one hundred meters. However, the stress performance of the tension chord arch structure is closely related to the geometrical characteristics of the truss height, the truss vector span ratio, the cable sag span ratio and the like, and is limited by factors such as the requirement of a standard structure, so that the optimal structural design can be achieved by repeated debugging and model selection of designers. Therefore, the traditional modeling method is low in efficiency, and the overall efficiency of structural design is reduced.
The invention adopts Grasshopper to compile an improved parametric modeling method for the open-chord three-dimensional arch centering, not only can quickly establish the open-chord three-dimensional arch centering structure which accords with the appearance of a compound curve, but also can automatically and circularly screen the rod pieces and repeatedly optimize the existing model according to the requirements of the rod piece angles and the like and the geometric indexes of the artificially set vertical span ratio and the like, the method can output typical arch structure units under different geometric indexes in batches, is convenient for importing structure analysis software for rapid calculation comparison and selection, overcomes the two defects that after part rods are rapidly established in the traditional parametric modeling method, the requirements are not met, manual repeated adjustment is still needed, and models with different geometric indexes need repeated modeling and exporting, provides a set of method with both accuracy and flexibility for the modeling design of the stretched-chord three-dimensional arch structure, and can remarkably improve the modeling accuracy and the analysis efficiency of designers.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a parameterized modeling method of a string three-dimensional arch centering aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a parameterized modeling method of a string three-dimensional arch comprises the following steps:
1) acquiring an arched curved surface of a model to be built and an inclination angle thereof, and adjusting the direction angle of the curved surface so as to be beneficial to parametric description of the rod piece direction;
2) generating three chords, tensioning cables and struts of an arch according to an input arched curved surface, a three-dimensional arch direction, a three-dimensional arch interval, a strut spacing and a vertical span ratio, and outputting model data of corresponding indexes by Grasshopper software for judging the rationality for standard indexes which do not participate in calculation; if the rationality is not satisfied, the input value is adjusted to make the size of the whole structure meet the specification
3) On the basis of the three chords generated in the step 2), generating the diagonal web member by using a parameterized member angle optimization method:
the chord member segmentation is iteratively optimized by combining the lengths and the distances of the chord members, the nodes are reasonably numbered and connected with the corresponding nodes, the angles between the axes of all the web members and the axes of the chord members are not smaller than the standard limit value, the diagonal web members with uniform and reasonable angles are generated, and the diagonal web members among the chord members and the nodes are reasonably connected;
generating corresponding end rod pieces at the ends of the chord members, and combining the arched surfaces in the step 1) to generate a truss-string arch model of each truss;
if the sag ratio parameter input in the step 2) is a sag ratio gradient value, turning to the step 4), and if the sag ratio parameter input in the step 2) is a single value, turning to the step 5);
4) outputting the trusses in the step 3), importing the output trusses into calculation software for analysis and calculation, comparing the stress performance of the trusses under the same working condition, and substituting the most reasonable vertical span ratio gradient value for the step 2) in analysis and selection;
or reducing the gradient interval by comparing the performance indexes of the typical arch frame structure units under different vertical span ratios, substituting the vertical span ratio gradient value with the interval and the gradient smaller into the step 2), and repeating the step 2) and the step 3) until the difference of the stress performance indexes of the models in the gradient interval of the vertical span ratio is smaller than a preset value;
5) according to the chord arch model part of each truss generated in the step 3), generating a support truss outside the arch center by using the parameterized member angle optimization method in the step 3) under the condition of meeting the constraints of the angles of the chord members and the diagonal web members, and enabling the generated support truss outside the arch center to coincide with the lap joint of the arch center;
6) and generating a final spandrel arch frame parameterized model according to the original curved surface and the adjusted angle combined model.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method provides an improved method for modeling the open-chord three-dimensional arch truss of the arched curved surface, greatly improves the modeling speed and the model rationality while ensuring good adaptability of the arched curved surface, and further improves the structural analysis work efficiency.
The method takes the arch frame direction, the space between every two arch frames and the space between the support rods as basic parameters, combines standard parameters to establish models of the main chord rods, the support rods and the guy cables, outputs model data of corresponding indexes by a program for standard indexes which do not participate in calculation of a parameterization program, and ensures reasonableness by comparing the model data with the standard;
the invention can output one single arch truss structure unit containing different vertical span ratios in batch for comparison and selection when the arch truss is output, and can even reduce the repeated comparison and selection of the gradient of the vertical span ratio, thereby ensuring the optimality of the model.
The limitation on the rod piece angle is built in the arithmetic logic, and the nodes at two ends of the diagonal web member are optimized through optimization parameters, so that the rod piece angle is ensured to meet the standard requirement, and all force transmission nodes in all directions are ensured to be overlapped and not staggered.
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The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a GH flow diagram of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is an arcuate surface view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a curved view of an arcuate surface after angular adjustment in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a model diagram of struts, chords, and guy wires generated at different vertical span ratios for an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a norm judgment module and result diagram according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing model differences at different sag ratios for examples of the present invention;
FIG. 8 illustrates a model of a number of arches at different vertical span ratios in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a model diagram of a strut, chord and tension cable produced at 1/25 droop in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 shows a truss-string arch model of 1/25 span ratio according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a diagram of an embodiment of an out-of-plane truss support model of the arch of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a fitting arcuate surface stretched chord three-dimensional arch parametric model (truss for out-of-plane support) of an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 13 is a fitting arcuate surface stretched chord three-dimensional arch parametric model (with chord out-of-plane support) of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a final stretched string solid arch parameterized model of an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a parametric modeling method for a span-chord three-dimensional arch comprises the following steps:
1) acquiring an arched curved surface of a model to be built and an inclination angle thereof, and adjusting the direction angle of the curved surface so as to be beneficial to parametric description of the rod piece direction;
2) generating three chords, tensioning cables and struts of an arch according to an input arched curved surface, a three-dimensional arch direction, a three-dimensional arch interval, a strut spacing and a vertical span ratio, and outputting model data of corresponding indexes by Grasshopper software for judging the rationality for standard indexes which do not participate in calculation;
3) on the basis of the three chords generated in the step 2), according to a parameterized bar angle optimization algorithm: the chord member segmentation is iteratively optimized by combining the lengths and the distances of the chord members, the nodes are reasonably numbered and connected with the corresponding nodes, the angles between the axes of all the web members and the axes of the chord members are not smaller than the standard limit value, the diagonal web members with uniform and reasonable angles are generated, and the diagonal web members among the chord members and the nodes are reasonably connected;
generating corresponding end rod pieces at the ends of the chord members, and combining the arched surfaces in the step 1) to generate a chord arch model of each truss;
if the sag ratio parameter input in the step 2) is a sag ratio gradient value, turning to the step 4), and if the sag ratio parameter input in the step 2) is a single value, turning to the step 5);
4) outputting the trusses in the step 3), importing the output trusses into calculation software for analysis and calculation, comparing the stress performance of the trusses under the same working condition, and substituting the most reasonable vertical span ratio gradient value for the step 2) in analysis and selection;
or reducing the gradient interval by comparing the performance indexes of the typical arch frame structure units under different vertical span ratios, substituting the vertical span ratio gradient value with the interval and the gradient smaller into the step 2), and repeating the step 2) and the step 3) until the difference of the stress performance indexes of the models in the gradient interval of the vertical span ratio is smaller than a preset value;
5) generating a support truss outside the arch truss by a parameterization optimization algorithm under the condition of meeting the constraints of the angles of the chord members and the diagonal web members according to the beam-chord arch truss model part of each truss generated in the step 3), and enabling the generated support truss outside the arch truss to be superposed with the lap joint of the arch truss;
6) and generating a final spandrel arch frame parameterized model according to the original curved surface and the adjustment angle combined model.
One specific embodiment:
FIG. 3 isThe irregular surface graph in the embodiment inputs the arched surface and the inclination angle value which need to be modeled to generate the adjusted fitting surface, and the inclination angle of the curved surface is 10 0 The fitting surface after adjustment is shown in fig. 4;
and inputting the fitted curved surface, the direction of the three-dimensional arch, the space of the three-dimensional arch and the distance between the support rods, and inputting the vertical span ratio gradient value. The direction of the three-dimensional arch frame is the x-axis direction, the space of each three-dimensional arch frame is 12m, the spacing between the support rods is 15m, the vertical span ratio input gradient value is shown in fig. 6, and three primarily positioned chord rods, support rods and tension cable models with different vertical span ratios are formed, as shown in fig. 5; and outputting the standard data which are not used in the calculation of the two groups of parameterization modules for judging the rationality, wherein the judgment modules and the result chart are shown in FIG. 6; the model difference pairs under different vertical span ratios are shown in fig. 7;
on the basis of the formed chords and struts, according to a parameterized member angle optimization algorithm, diagonal web members with uniform and reasonable angles are generated, the algorithm is used for ensuring that the diagonal web members and nodes among the chords are reasonably connected, corresponding end member members are generated at the ends of the chords, and the chords and the struts are combined to form various truss models under different vertical span ratios as shown in FIG. 8; if the input vertical span ratio is a gradient value, performing a comparison and selection step, and if the input vertical span ratio is a single value, skipping the comparison and selection step;
and (3) comparing and selecting: selecting the vertical span ratio parameter which meets the specification in the graph 6, outputting a model to perform scheme comparison, and refining the gradient value or selecting the optimal value to repeat the previous steps; in this case, the droop ratio of 1/25 is directly selected and the above operation is repeated; the generated 1/25 vertical span ratio lower stay bar, chord and tension cable model is as shown in FIG. 9;
on the basis of the three generated arc frame chords in the graph 8, oblique web members with uniform and reasonable angles are generated according to a parameterized member angle optimization algorithm, the algorithm is used for ensuring that the oblique web members and the nodes among the chords are reasonably connected, and whether the angles meet the specifications or not does not need to be rechecked; generating corresponding end rod pieces at the ends of the chord members, and combining the partial models in the step 2) to generate a truss-string arch model of each truss, as shown in FIG. 10;
according to the arch part of the generated model, ensuring that the generated lateral support truss is superposed with the force transmission node of the arch on the basis of meeting the angles of the chord member and the diagonal web member through a parameterized optimization algorithm, and generating each component part of the support truss outside the arch surface under the condition of meeting the conditions; as shown in fig. 11; after all parts are combined, as shown in fig. 12, the model when the chord members are selected for the arch frame out-of-plane support is as shown in fig. 13;
combining the generated partial models according to the original arched curved surface and the adjustment angle value to generate a final string three-dimensional arch center parameterized model, as shown in fig. 14;
it will be understood that modifications and variations can be made by persons skilled in the art in light of the above teachings and all such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A parameterized modeling method of a string three-dimensional arch is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) acquiring an arched curved surface of a model to be built and an inclination angle thereof, and adjusting the direction angle of the curved surface so as to be beneficial to parametric description of the rod piece direction;
2) generating three chords, an expansion cable and a stay bar of the arch according to the input arched curved surface, the direction of the three-dimensional arch, the interval of the three-dimensional arch, the distance between the stay bars and the vertical span ratio; for the standard indexes which do not participate in calculation, Grasshopper software outputs model data of corresponding indexes for judging the rationality, and if the rationality is not met, the input value is adjusted to enable the size of the whole structure to meet the standard;
3) on the basis of the three chords generated in the step 2), generating the diagonal web member by using a parameterized member angle optimization method:
the chord member segmentation is iteratively optimized by combining the lengths and the distances of the chord members, the nodes are reasonably numbered and connected with the corresponding nodes, the angles between the axes of all the web members and the axes of the chord members are not smaller than the standard limit value, the diagonal web members with uniform and reasonable angles are generated, and the diagonal web members among the chord members and the nodes are reasonably connected;
generating corresponding end rod pieces at the ends of the chord members, and combining the arched surfaces in the step 1) to generate a truss-string arch model of each truss;
if the sag ratio parameter input in the step 2) is a sag ratio gradient value, turning to the step 4), and if the sag ratio parameter input in the step 2) is a single value, turning to the step 5);
4) outputting the trusses in the step 3), importing the output trusses into calculation software for analysis and calculation, comparing the stress performance of the trusses under the same working condition, and substituting the most reasonable vertical span ratio gradient value for the step 2) in analysis and selection;
or reducing the gradient interval by comparing the performance indexes of the typical arch frame structure units under different vertical span ratios, substituting the vertical span ratio gradient value with the interval and the gradient smaller into the step 2), and repeating the step 2) and the step 3) until the difference of the stress performance indexes of the models in the gradient interval of the vertical span ratio is smaller than a preset value;
5) according to the chord arch model part of each truss generated in the step 3), generating a support truss outside the arch truss by using a parameterized rod angle optimization method under the condition of meeting the constraints of the angles of the chord members and the diagonal web members, and enabling the generated support truss outside the arch truss to coincide with the lap joint of the arch truss;
6) and generating a final spandrel arch frame parameterized model according to the original curved surface and the adjustment angle combined model.
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| WO2017121315A1 (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2017-07-20 | 广州机施建设集团有限公司 | Construction method for building truss and floor slab |
| CN111611675A (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2020-09-01 | 中南建筑设计院股份有限公司 | Rapid modeling method based on Revit and Dynamo parameterized grid structure model |
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| 王成;张毅刚;: "大跨度张弦立体桁架受力性能研究", 建筑结构, no. 06, 25 June 2010 (2010-06-25) * |
| 程雨佳;庞亮;董胜;: "台风条件下南海海域超长重现期波高推算的研究", 中国海洋大学学报(自然科学版), no. 2, 15 December 2019 (2019-12-15) * |
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